VVER Today: Evolution, Design, Safety 1

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

VVER Today: Evolution, Design, Safety 1 State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM 24 Bolshaya Ordynka street 119017 Moscow, Russia Tel.: +7 499 949 4535 Fax: +7 499 949 4679 E-mail: [email protected] www.rosatom.ru The VVER today Rusatom Overseas JSC Evolution | Design | Safety 29 Serebryanicheskaya embankment 109028 Moscow, Russia Tel.: +7 495 730 0873 Fax: +7 495 730 0874 E-mail: [email protected] www.rosatom-overseas.com THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY 1 EvOLUTION 4 A brief history of the VVER 8 FIRST VVER UNITS VVER-440 VVER-1000 - V-320 VVER-1000 - AES-91 & AES-92 VVER-1200 - AES-2006 VVER OF THE FUTURE – VVER-TOI DESIGN 14 Antecedents of the VVER-1200 (AES-2006) 18 VVER-1200 (AES-2006) design basics (SPbAEP version) 21 Main components of the VVER-1200 (AES-2006) plant 26 REACTOR PRESSURE VESSEL MAIN COOLANT PIPING REACTOR COOLANT PUMP STEAM GENERATOr PRESSURIZEr REACTOR CORE AND FUEL ASSEMBLIES TURBINE SAFETY 32 Safety requirements and principles 36 Provision of fundamental safety functions 37 CONTROL OF REACTIVITY DECAY HEAT REMOVAL CONTAINMENT OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL Protection from external impacts 43 Other advanced safety features and systems 44 SECURING POWER SUPPLY FIRE SAFETY VVER in the world.............................6 A brief history of the VVER..............8 First VVER units.................................8 VVER-440............................................8 VVER-1000 – V-320.........................10 VVER-1000 – AES-91 & AES-92.....11 VVER-1200 – AES-2006..................12 Evolution VVER of the future – VVER-TOI .....13 VVER IN THE WORLD 4 THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY VVER in the world.............................6 A brief history of the VVER..............8 First VVER units.................................8 VVER-440............................................8 VVER-1000 – V-320.........................10 VVER-1000 – AES-91 & AES-92.....11 VVER-1200 – AES-2006..................12 Evolution VVER of the future – VVER-TOI .....13 VVER IN THE WORLD THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY 5 ROSATOM’s VVER reactors are among the world’s most widely used reactors. VVER plants have proved their high reliability over more than 1300 reactor-years of operation. Since the commissioning of the first VVER power unit in 1960s the technology has been providing safe and affordable electricity throughout the world: from Armenian mountains to the countryside of the Czech Republic, above the Arctic Circle and at the southern tip of India. VVER in the world 6 THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY The VVER reactor itself was developed by employing light water as coolant and moderator. ROSATOM subsidiary OKB Gidropress, while However there are some significant differences the nuclear power stations employing the VVER between the VVER and other PWR types, both in have been developed by the power plant design terms of design and materials used. Distinguishing organizations within ROSATOM: Moscow Atom- features of the VVER include the following: energoproekt, Saint-Petersburg Atomenergoproekt • Use of horizontal steam generators; (a branch of VNIPIET), and Nizhniy Novgorod • Use of hexagonal fuel assemblies; Atomenergoproekt. • Avoidance of bottom penetrations in the VVER The VVER is a pressurized water reactor (PWR), vessel; the commonest type of nuclear reactor worldwide, • Use of high-capacity pressurizers. THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY 7 A brief history of the VVER FIRST VVER UNITS A total of 67 VVER reactors have been constructed since the 1960s. The first VVER unit was commis- sioned in 1964, at Novovoronezh nuclear power plant, in the Voronezh region, Russia. The first unit was called the V-210, the second the V-365 (the num- bers were initially corresponding to electrical output). From that time the Novovoronezh nuclear power plant has been a testing ground for new VVER units. Today, ROSATOM continues the commitment to such an approach – export only the technology Novovoronezh 1, the world’s first VVER unit, gave the green light for which has been thoroughly tested at home. further technology development VVER-440 Successful commissioning and operation of these early units provided the basis for subsequent development of more powerful reactors. Implemented first at the same site, the VVER-440 was the first of the VVERs to be Two VVER-440 reactors in Armenia continued to operate through the 0.7g Spitak earthquake in 1988 8 THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY Novovoronezh 1, the world’s first VVER unit, gave the green light for further technology development Loviisa NPP in Finland, with two VVER-440 reactors, has one of the best lifetime performance records in the world constructed on a serial basis. VVER-440 units have These US criteria became the standard for all been safely operating in many European Union “Generation II” PWRs, and thus the safety features countries: Slovakia (Bohunice 1-4, Mohovce 1-2 ), of operating VVER-440 units and other PWR types Hungary (Paks 1-4), Bulgaria (Kozloduy 1-4), Czech of similar vintage are quite similar. Republic (Dukovany 1-4), and Finland (Loviisa 1-2). The reliability of the design is appreciated by Design of the Finnish Loviisa was completed in VVER-440 operating countries where regulators 1971-72 taking into account the General Design have approved the lifetime extension of the Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants, issued by operating plants for decades ahead. Large safety the US AEC in 1971. After that, all VVER plants margins in the VVER-440 design also provide the were designed to meet these safety principles. basis for safe and smooth uprate of these units. THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY 9 Two VVER-1000/V-320 reactors at the Temelin NPP in the Czech Republic provide 20% of the country’s electricity VVER-1000 – V-320 The VVER-1000 was a milestone not only in terms • ”small series” of four plants, commissioned in 1983-86; of generating capacity, but also because of the • ”standard series” of 23 units, commissioned in 1985-2011. many safety innovations it incorporated. The VVER- Design of these standard series VVER-1000 plants, 1000 is the most common VVER design worldwide, called the V-320, was completed in the early 31 units are in operation, and have amassed about 1980s, and implemented at 8 sites in Russia and 500 reactor-years of operation. Ukraine, as well as in Bulgaria (Kozloduy 5-6) and The operating VVER-1000 plants are generally Czech Republic (Temelin 1-2). The safety record of categorized in three broad groups as follows: VVER-1000 plants is good and there have been no • pilot plant, Novovoroneh 5, commissioned in 1980; incidents with significant safety impact. 10 THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY China’s Tianwan 1 and 2 are of the AES-91 type. Two more units are currently under construction VVER-1000 – AES-91 & AES-92 Drawing on the significant body of experience combination of passive and active safety systems. gained with the well established VVER-1000/V-320, Only small modifications were made in the basic the AES-91 (or VVER-1000/V-428) was developed power production systems – reactor, primary cool- by Saint-Petersburg Atomenergoproekt and the ing circuit, and turbine cycle. The main changes AES-92 (or VVER-1000/V-412 and 466) by Moscow were in the safety systems and plant lay-out. Atomenergoproekt. Along with upgraded tech- The AES-91 power plant with V-428 reactor, as nology and improved economics, these designs built at Tianwan, was an evolution from the AES-91 deployed the concept of BDBA (beyond design design initially proposed for Finland (but not basis accident) management based on a balanced constructed), which reflected Finnish regulatory THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY 11 requirements, operating experience with the Loviisa with the technical requirements of European VVER-440 units and international best practice. operating organizations (European Utility Require- The Tianwan AES-91 units, commissioned in 2007, ments (EUR)), was planned for the Belene site in were the first reactors in the world to have “core Bulgaria, but its construction was suspended. Two catchers” installed. AES-92 units are in start-up testing at Kudankulam, A plant of the AES-92 design, certified to conform India, where unit 1 achieved first criticality in 2013. Two units at Novovoronezh II (of the V-392M type) are among the six AES-2006 projects currently underway in Russia VVER-1200 – AES-2006 The AES-2006 design is the latest evolution in the (Novovoronezh II) and two units in the Kaliningrad long line of VVER plants. It meets all the interna- Region (Baltic project). In addition, construction tional safety requirements for Gen III+ nuclear contracts have been signed and site preparation power plants. The first AES-2006 units are now is ongoing for four units in Turkey and two units in under construction in Russia: two units in Sosnovyi Belarus. It is also proposed for Temelin 3-4 (Czech Bor (Leningrad II), two units in Novovoronezh Republic) and Hanhikivi 1 (Finland). 12 THE VVER TODAY: EvOLUTION, DESIGN, SAFETY VVER GENERATIONS GEN I GEN II GEN II/GEN III GEN III+ VVER VVER-440 VVER-1000 VVER-1200 V-210 V-179 V-187 V-392M RUSSIA: RUSSIA: RUSSIA: Novovoronezh 5 RUSSIA: Novovoronezh II 1-2 Novovoronezh 1 Novovoronezh 3-4 (under construction) (decommissioned) V-302 V-230 UKRAINE: South Ukraine 1 V-491 V-365 RUSSIA: Kola 1-2 RUSSIA: Baltic 1-2 RUSSIA: V-338 (under construction) Novovoronezh 2 Decommissioned: UKRAINE: South Ukraine 2 Leningrad II 1-2 (decommissioned) EAST GERMANY: RUSSIA: Kalinin 1-2 (under construction) Greifswald 1-4 BELARUS:
Recommended publications
  • Russia's Nuclear Security Policy
    Innovative approaches to peace and security from the Stanley Foundation POLICYANALYSISBRIEF THE STANLEY FOUNDATION | MAY 2015 Russia’s Nuclear Security Policy: Priorities and Potential Areas for Cooperation The crisis over Ukraine has led to a drastic reduction in regular official Russian-US contacts in most areas, including those where it is in the two countries’ mutual national security interests to work together. Bilateral cooperation on nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security has been among the affected areas. The United States has suspended contacts with Russia in the framework of the G-8 and in the Russian-US Bilateral Presidential Commission’s Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Security Working Group. Implementation of the September 2013 agreement on Cooperation in Nuclear- and Energy- Related Scientific Research and Development (R&D Agreement), which Anton Khlopkov prioritizes joint efforts on nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security, has also been put on hold, and exchanges between nuclear scientists of the two Author countries have been frozen. In turn, Russia has decided not to take part in Anton Khlopkov1 is director of the preparations for the 2016 Nuclear Security Summit. Moscow also notified Moscow-based Center for Energy and Washington that most of the joint nuclear security projects in Russia would Security Studies and editor in chief of the not be extended beyond December 31, 2014. journal Nuclear Club. He is a member of the Advisory Board under the Security This trend is a serious cause for concern, given that Russia and the United Council of the Russian Federation and States, which are depositaries of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of chairman of the Moscow Nonproliferation Nuclear Weapons (NPT), bear special responsibility for maintaining the Conference.
    [Show full text]
  • Voronezh Tyre Plant Company Profile Company Name (Short): Vshz CJSC CEO: Valeriy Y
    Dear readers, The industrial policy pursued by the regional government is in close alignment with the Devel- opment Strategy of Voronezh region up to 2020. It has been approved after thorough consideration and negotiations with non-governmental organi- zations and professional experts. Thus, the region is in for radical system changes in the regional economy. The regional government is successfully develop- ing innovative system. The main directions of clus- ter development policy have been outlined, which increases the region’s competitive advantages and enhances connections between branches and in- dustries. The regional government has managed to create congenial investment climate in the region. The government is coming up with new ways of supporting Rus- sian and foreign investors, developing the system of subsidies and preferences. Innovative industrial parks and zones are set up. Their infrastructure is financed from the state and regional budgets. Voronezh region is one of top 10 in the investment attractiveness rating and is carrying out over 30 investment projects. All the projects are connected with technical re-equipment of companies and creation of high-technology manufac- turers. The number of Russian and foreign investors is constantly increasing. In the Catalogue of Industrial Companies of Voronezh Region, you will find in- formation on the development of industries in Voronezh region, structural and quality changes in the industrial system. Having read this catalogue, you will learn about the industrial potential of Vo- ronezh region, the companies’ production facilities, history and product range. The regional strategy is based on coordinated efforts, a constructive dialogue between private businesses, the government and non-governmental organiza- tions.
    [Show full text]
  • Analytical Tools for Economic Research of Small Municipalities and Gaming Techniques for Community Involvement (The Case of Voronezh Region in Russia) M.I
    R-ECONOMY, 2020, 6(2), 111–124 doi: 10.15826/recon.2020.6.2.010 Original Paper doi 10.15826/recon.2020.6.2.010 Analytical tools for economic research of small municipalities and gaming techniques for community involvement (the case of Voronezh region in Russia) M.I. Solosina1 , I.N. Shchepina1, 2 1 Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 CEMIRAS, Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Relevance. The article deals with the issues of strategic territorial development in Russian regions and municipalities and the analytical tools for studying them. analytical tools, gaming While there is a diversity of tools for studying large municipalities, the choice of techniques, strategic territorial tools for smaller urban and rural settlements is quite limited. This is the research development, municipality, gap this study seeks to address. Research objective. This study focuses on the systemic approach case of municipal districts and settlements in Voronezh region. The aim is to show how the proposed methodology can be applied for such cases. Data and methods. The study relies on the methods of systemic analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, multidimensional statistics as well as on the use of gaming techniques. The data for the analysis were obtained from federal, re- gional and municipal statistics; municipal information systems of settlements of Voronezh region; municipal information system MISS ‘Volost’; and from the executive authorities of Voronezh region. Results. The analysis of the set of in- dicators, including the municipal product to GRP, for the period between 2006 FOR CITATION and 2015 has shown that the town of Liski is one of the leading municipalities in Voronezh district (the municipal product of Liskinsky accounts for over 5% of Solosina, M.I., Shchepina, I.N.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Design and Regulatory Requirements for New Small Reactors, Contract No
    Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission - R550.1 Survey of Design and Regulatory Requirements for New Small Reactors, Contract No. 87055-13-0356 Final Report - July 3, 2014 RSP-0299 Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission R550.1 Survey of Design and Regulatory Requirements for New Small Reactors, Contract No. 87055-13-0356 Final Report July 3, Released for Brian Gihm 0 Victor Snell Jim Sarvinis Milan Ducic 2014 Use Victor Snell Date Rev. Status Prepared By Checked By Approved By Approved By Client - CNSC H346105-0000-00-124-0002, Rev. 0 Page i © Hatch 2015 All rights reserved, including all rights relating to the use of this document or its contents. Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission - R550.1 Survey of Design and Regulatory Requirements for New Small Reactors, Contract No. 87055-13-0356 Final Report - July 3, 2014 Executive Summary The objectives of this report are to perform a design survey of small modular reactors (SMRs) with near-term deployment potential, with a particular emphasis on identifying their innovative safety features, and to review the Canadian nuclear regulatory framework to assess whether the current and proposed regulatory documents adequately address SMR licensing challenges. SMRs are being designed to lower the initial financing cost of a nuclear power plant or to supply electricity in small grids (often in remote areas) which cannot accommodate large nuclear power plants (NPPs). The majority of the advanced SMR designs is based on pressurized water reactor (PWR) technology, while some non-PWR Generation IV technologies (e.g., gas-cooled reactor, lead-cooled reactor, sodium-cooled fast reactor, etc.) are also being pursued.
    [Show full text]
  • BUSINESS PROPOSAL Location: Russia, Voronezh Oblast, Podgorenski District, Belogorie Village, Communications: Asphalted Road, G
    BUSINESS PROPOSAL Location: Russia, Voronezh Oblast, Podgorenski district, Belogorie village, Communications: Asphalted road, gas, water, electricity and telephone landline; Land lot category: populated land; Allowed form of exploitation: individual habitat construction; Legal status: private property; Area: 80 000 m^2. General information: This lot is territory of a now defunct agricultural machinery repair company. It is situated in Belogorie village on the right bank of Don river 7 km away from M4 Highway (Moscow – Rostov – Krasnodar – Sochi) Access is via asphalted road. Westbound, there is the Kantemirovskaya highway which runs parallel to the Don highway and allows access to roads to Kursk, Belgorod and Ukraine Belogorie is a old village with rich history, it is situated in a scenic place on the south of Voronezh oblast. This land lot possess following useful geographical properties: 1. It is situated around the middle of M4 (Don) Highway between Moscow and Krasnodar. Land lot is accessible via the road that connects Don and Kantemirovskaya highways. Travel time from Moscow to Belogorie and from Belogorie to Krasnodar is approx. 6-8 hours, in Podgorenski city nearby there is access to railroad Moscow – Adler (Sochi): all of which can make it a strategic transport hub; 2. There is bridge across Don river nearby, that connects all automotive traffic from left bank to the right bank of Don river. This is an only bridge in the region; 3. Village has artesian waters, gas, electricity and phone landlines. Technical characteristics: 1. It is a perfect rectangle with dimensions of 220*380m. A quarter of land lot area was occupied by different buildings, most of them are being demolished at the moment; 2.
    [Show full text]
  • E-Mail: [email protected]
    ATOMENERGOMASH JSC Nuclear and Power Engineering Address: 28/3 Ozerkovsakaya nab., Moscow, 115184 Telephone: +7(495) 668-20-93 Fax: +7(495) 668-20-95 Website: http://www.aem-group.ru/en/ E-mail: [email protected] www.aem-group.ru/en/ 3 JSC Atomenergomash ABOUT US Аtomenergomash JSC (AEM, Сompany, Group) is a machine building division of ROSATOM State Atomic Energy Corporation. One of the leading Russian power engineering companies, a supplier of efficient integrated solutions for nuclear and thermal power plants, natural gas and petrochemical industry, shipbuilding, hydroelectricity, demineralization, water treatment, water purification and special steel market. FIGURES AND FACTS ATOMENERGOMASH • The key developer and equipment manu- • AEM was established in 2006 as part of facturer for the reactor facility of the ROSATOM State Atomic Energy Corporation. water-water energetic reactor (VVER). • The Holding includes about 20 • The key developer and equipement man- power engineering companies, R&D, ufacturer of fast nuclear reactors (FNR). manufacturing, construction and • Equipment manufacturer for the turbine construction companies located in Russia, island of NPP with VVER. Ukraine, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. • The only Russian manufacturer of steam • The Holding’s equipment is installed in generators and main circulation pumps more than 20 countries. for Russian-built NPPs. • 14% of global Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) • The key developer and manufacturer of and 40% of Thermal Power Plants (TPP) marine reactor plants for the Navy and in Russia and the former Soviet Union nuclear icebreakers. countries run our equipment. • One of the largest manufacturers of power plant boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) for medium and large Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) units.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Modular Reactor Design and Deployment
    INL/MIS-15-34247 Small Modular Reactor Design and Deployment Curtis Wright Symposium xx/xx/xxxx www.inl.gov INL SMR Activities • INL works with all vendors to provide fair access to the laboratory benefits • INL works with industry on SMR technology and deployment • INL is supporting multiple LWR SMR vendors – Small, <300MWe reactors and less expensive reactors compared to current LWR reactors (Small) – Often, but not always, multiple reactors at the same site that can be deployed as power is needed (Modular) – Primary cooling system and reactor core in a single containment structure, but not always (Reactors) – Factory built, usually, which improves quality and costs • Integrated PWR SMR’s are closest to deployment – designed to be inherently safer and simple – primary reactor system inside a single factory built containment vessel – Higher dependence on passive systems to simplify operation and design Reactor Power Nuclear Plant Power Los Angeles Class Submarine -26 MW 5000 Enterprise Class Aircraft Carrier 8x 4000 Unit Power Nimitz Class Aircraft Carrier 2x97MW, 194MW 3000 Plant Power NuScale Reactor 12 x 150MW, 1800MW 2000 Cooper BWR, 1743MW PowerThermal MW 1000 Westinghouse AP-1000, 3000MW 0 European Pressurized Reactor, 4953MW SMRs are Smaller VC Summer • Power less than 300MWe. Dearater – Current Plants 1000MWe – Physically smaller – Fewer inputs – Fits on power grid with less infrastructure – Built in a factory – Simplified designs VC Summer • Passive systems Core • Fewer components NuScale Reactor Multiple Units • SMR Nuclear
    [Show full text]
  • Tokamak Foundation in USSR/Russia 1950--1990
    IOP PUBLISHING and INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY NUCLEAR FUSION Nucl. Fusion 50 (2010) 014003 (8pp) doi:10.1088/0029-5515/50/1/014003 Tokamak foundation in USSR/Russia 1950–1990 V.P. Smirnov Nuclear Fusion Institute, RRC ’Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia Received 8 June 2009, accepted for publication 26 November 2009 Published 30 December 2009 Online at stacks.iop.org/NF/50/014003 In the USSR, nuclear fusion research began in 1950 with the work of I.E. Tamm, A.D. Sakharov and colleagues. They formulated the principles of magnetic confinement of high temperature plasmas, that would allow the development of a thermonuclear reactor. Following this, experimental research on plasma initiation and heating in toroidal systems began in 1951 at the Kurchatov Institute. From the very first devices with vessels made of glass, porcelain or metal with insulating inserts, work progressed to the operation of the first tokamak, T-1, in 1958. More machines followed and the first international collaboration in nuclear fusion, on the T-3 tokamak, established the tokamak as a promising option for magnetic confinement. Experiments continued and specialized machines were developed to test separately improvements to the tokamak concept needed for the production of energy. At the same time, research into plasma physics and tokamak theory was being undertaken which provides the basis for modern theoretical work. Since then, the tokamak concept has been refined by a world-wide effort and today we look forward to the successful operation of ITER. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) At the opening ceremony of the United Nations First In the USSR, NF research began in 1950.
    [Show full text]
  • From Gen I to Gen III
    From Gen I to Gen III Gabriel Farkas Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava [email protected] 14. 9. 2010 1 Evolution of Nuclear Reactors Generation I - demonstration reactors Generation II - working in the present Generation III - under construction 14. 9. 2010 2 Generation IV - R&D 14. 9. 2010 3 Expected development in nuclear technologies Prolongation of lifetieme of existing nuclear reactors Construction of new reactors in frame of Gen. III and IV . Figure 1 Replacement staggered over a 30-year period (2020 - 2050) Rate of construction : 2,000 MW/year 70000 60000 Lifetime 50000 prolongation 40000 Generation IV 30000 Actual reactors 20000 Generation III+ 10000 0 197519801985199019952000200520102015202020252030203520402045205020552060 14. 9. 2010 Average plant life : 48 years 4 Nuclear in Europe (Nuclear ~ 32% of total EU electricity production) SE, 7.3% UK, 7.9% SP, 5.8% BE,4.8% CZ, 2.5% GE, 16.3% FI, 2.4% BU, 1.8% Other 12.4% SK, 1.7% HU, 1.4% LT, 1.1% FR, 45.5% SI, 0.6% NL, RO, 0.5% 0.4% Source PRIS 14. 9. 2010 5 Central & Eastern Europe - Nuclear Landscape Russia Lithuania Ukraine 6 VVER440 Poland 1 RBMK 1300 2 VVER440 8 VVER1000 Min. of Energy 13 VVER1000 NNEGC State owned 11 RBMK 1 BN600 4 Graph Mod BWR Czech Republic Rosenergoatom State 4 VVER440 owned 2 VVER1000 CEZ/ 67% State Romania owned 2 Candu PHW Nuclearelectrica State owned Slovak Republic 4/6 VVER440 Bulgaria ENEL 67% owned 2/4 VVER1000 NEC State owned Hungary Armenia 4 VVER 440 1 VVER440 MVM State owned Armatomenergo, State owned 14.
    [Show full text]
  • Vver and Rbmk Cross Section Libraries for Origen-Arp
    VVER AND RBMK CROSS SECTION LIBRARIES FOR ORIGEN-ARP Germina Ilas, Brian D. Murphy, and Ian C. Gauld, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Introduction An accurate treatment of neutron transport and depletion in modern fuel assemblies characterized by heterogeneous, complex designs, such as the VVER or RBMK assembly configurations, requires the use of advanced computational tools capable of simulating multi-dimensional geometries. The depletion module TRITON [1], which is part of the SCALE code system [2] that was developed and is maintained at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), allows the depletion simulation of two- or three-dimensional assembly configurations and the generation of burnup-dependent cross section libraries. These libraries can be saved for subsequent use with the ORIGEN-ARP module in SCALE. This later module is a faster alternative to TRITON for fuel depletion, decay, and source term analyses at an accuracy level comparable to that of a direct TRITON simulation. This paper summarizes the methodology used to generate cross section libraries for VVER and RBMK assembly configurations that can be employed in ORIGEN-ARP depletion and decay simulations. It briefly describes the computational tools and provides details of the steps involved. Results of validation studies for some of the libraries, which were performed using isotopic assay measurement data for spent fuel, are provided and discussed. Cross section libraries for ORIGEN-ARP Methodology The TRITON capability to perform depletion simulations for two-dimensional (2-D) configurations was implemented by coupling of the 2-D transport code NEWT with the point depletion and decay code ORIGEN-S. NEWT solves the transport equation on a 2-D arbitrary geometry grid by using an SN approach, with a treatment of the spatial variable that is based on an extended step characteristic method [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Vver.1200 Vver.1000 Vver.Toi (V-320)
    Engineering & Construction Division State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM New VVERs in Russia and Abroad Sergey Svetlov , Dr.Sc. (Tech.) Chief Expert for Design ASE Group (ROSATOM Corporation) 4th MDEP Conference on New Reactor Design Activities , 12.09– 13.09.17, London, UK DEVELOPMENT OF VVER DESIGN Kudankulam Bushehr-2 NPP NV-2 NPP NPP NPP in Jordan Rooppur NPP Akkuy VVER.1000 (AES-92) VVER.1200 VVER.1000 VVER.TOI (V-320) VVER.1000 (AES-91) VVER.1200 Kursk-2 NPP VVER.640 MIR-1200 Hanhikivi NPP, LNPP–2, Bel NPP Paks-II NPP Tianwan NPP Baltic NPP El-Dabaa NPP The content of this presentation is for discussion purposes only, shall not be considered as an offer and doesn’t lead to any obligations to ASE group and its affiliated companies. ASE disclaims all responsibility for any and all mistakes, quality and completeness of the information. 2 VVER.1200 Design VVER.1200 is an export name of the Russian design of the nuclear power plant known as AES-2006. It is an evolving NPP design developed on the basis of a Russian design VVER.1000. The VVER.1200 design belongs to Generation III+ . It meets all up-to-date Russian, European and international requirements for new NPP. The first units of this design are the unit #1 of Leningrad NPP-2 (LNPP-2) and the unit #1 of Novovoronezh NPP-2 in Russia. The unit #1 of Novovoronezh NPP-2 with the reactor VVER-1200 was put into operation in 2016. It is the first unit of Generation III+ under operation in the World.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of Advanced Nuclear Technologies
    A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D MARCH 2017 B | CHAPTER NAME ABOUT THE CENTER ON GLOBAL ENERGY POLICY The Center on Global Energy Policy provides independent, balanced, data-driven analysis to help policymakers navigate the complex world of energy. We approach energy as an economic, security, and environmental concern. And we draw on the resources of a world-class institution, faculty with real-world experience, and a location in the world’s finance and media capital. Visit us at energypolicy.columbia.edu facebook.com/ColumbiaUEnergy twitter.com/ColumbiaUEnergy ABOUT THE SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS SIPA’s mission is to empower people to serve the global public interest. Our goal is to foster economic growth, sustainable development, social progress, and democratic governance by educating public policy professionals, producing policy-related research, and conveying the results to the world. Based in New York City, with a student body that is 50 percent international and educational partners in cities around the world, SIPA is the most global of public policy schools. For more information, please visit www.sipa.columbia.edu A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D* MARCH 2017 *Andrew C. Kadak is the former president of Yankee Atomic Electric Company and professor of the practice at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He continues to consult on nuclear operations, advanced nuclear power plants, and policy and regulatory matters in the United States. He also serves on senior nuclear safety oversight boards in China. He is a graduate of MIT from the Nuclear Science and Engineering Department.
    [Show full text]