Future EQ Perspectives for Russian Global New-Build Projects
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Russia's Nuclear Security Policy
Innovative approaches to peace and security from the Stanley Foundation POLICYANALYSISBRIEF THE STANLEY FOUNDATION | MAY 2015 Russia’s Nuclear Security Policy: Priorities and Potential Areas for Cooperation The crisis over Ukraine has led to a drastic reduction in regular official Russian-US contacts in most areas, including those where it is in the two countries’ mutual national security interests to work together. Bilateral cooperation on nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security has been among the affected areas. The United States has suspended contacts with Russia in the framework of the G-8 and in the Russian-US Bilateral Presidential Commission’s Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Security Working Group. Implementation of the September 2013 agreement on Cooperation in Nuclear- and Energy- Related Scientific Research and Development (R&D Agreement), which Anton Khlopkov prioritizes joint efforts on nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security, has also been put on hold, and exchanges between nuclear scientists of the two Author countries have been frozen. In turn, Russia has decided not to take part in Anton Khlopkov1 is director of the preparations for the 2016 Nuclear Security Summit. Moscow also notified Moscow-based Center for Energy and Washington that most of the joint nuclear security projects in Russia would Security Studies and editor in chief of the not be extended beyond December 31, 2014. journal Nuclear Club. He is a member of the Advisory Board under the Security This trend is a serious cause for concern, given that Russia and the United Council of the Russian Federation and States, which are depositaries of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of chairman of the Moscow Nonproliferation Nuclear Weapons (NPT), bear special responsibility for maintaining the Conference. -
From Gen I to Gen III
From Gen I to Gen III Gabriel Farkas Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava [email protected] 14. 9. 2010 1 Evolution of Nuclear Reactors Generation I - demonstration reactors Generation II - working in the present Generation III - under construction 14. 9. 2010 2 Generation IV - R&D 14. 9. 2010 3 Expected development in nuclear technologies Prolongation of lifetieme of existing nuclear reactors Construction of new reactors in frame of Gen. III and IV . Figure 1 Replacement staggered over a 30-year period (2020 - 2050) Rate of construction : 2,000 MW/year 70000 60000 Lifetime 50000 prolongation 40000 Generation IV 30000 Actual reactors 20000 Generation III+ 10000 0 197519801985199019952000200520102015202020252030203520402045205020552060 14. 9. 2010 Average plant life : 48 years 4 Nuclear in Europe (Nuclear ~ 32% of total EU electricity production) SE, 7.3% UK, 7.9% SP, 5.8% BE,4.8% CZ, 2.5% GE, 16.3% FI, 2.4% BU, 1.8% Other 12.4% SK, 1.7% HU, 1.4% LT, 1.1% FR, 45.5% SI, 0.6% NL, RO, 0.5% 0.4% Source PRIS 14. 9. 2010 5 Central & Eastern Europe - Nuclear Landscape Russia Lithuania Ukraine 6 VVER440 Poland 1 RBMK 1300 2 VVER440 8 VVER1000 Min. of Energy 13 VVER1000 NNEGC State owned 11 RBMK 1 BN600 4 Graph Mod BWR Czech Republic Rosenergoatom State 4 VVER440 owned 2 VVER1000 CEZ/ 67% State Romania owned 2 Candu PHW Nuclearelectrica State owned Slovak Republic 4/6 VVER440 Bulgaria ENEL 67% owned 2/4 VVER1000 NEC State owned Hungary Armenia 4 VVER 440 1 VVER440 MVM State owned Armatomenergo, State owned 14. -
Vver and Rbmk Cross Section Libraries for Origen-Arp
VVER AND RBMK CROSS SECTION LIBRARIES FOR ORIGEN-ARP Germina Ilas, Brian D. Murphy, and Ian C. Gauld, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Introduction An accurate treatment of neutron transport and depletion in modern fuel assemblies characterized by heterogeneous, complex designs, such as the VVER or RBMK assembly configurations, requires the use of advanced computational tools capable of simulating multi-dimensional geometries. The depletion module TRITON [1], which is part of the SCALE code system [2] that was developed and is maintained at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), allows the depletion simulation of two- or three-dimensional assembly configurations and the generation of burnup-dependent cross section libraries. These libraries can be saved for subsequent use with the ORIGEN-ARP module in SCALE. This later module is a faster alternative to TRITON for fuel depletion, decay, and source term analyses at an accuracy level comparable to that of a direct TRITON simulation. This paper summarizes the methodology used to generate cross section libraries for VVER and RBMK assembly configurations that can be employed in ORIGEN-ARP depletion and decay simulations. It briefly describes the computational tools and provides details of the steps involved. Results of validation studies for some of the libraries, which were performed using isotopic assay measurement data for spent fuel, are provided and discussed. Cross section libraries for ORIGEN-ARP Methodology The TRITON capability to perform depletion simulations for two-dimensional (2-D) configurations was implemented by coupling of the 2-D transport code NEWT with the point depletion and decay code ORIGEN-S. NEWT solves the transport equation on a 2-D arbitrary geometry grid by using an SN approach, with a treatment of the spatial variable that is based on an extended step characteristic method [3]. -
Vver.1200 Vver.1000 Vver.Toi (V-320)
Engineering & Construction Division State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM New VVERs in Russia and Abroad Sergey Svetlov , Dr.Sc. (Tech.) Chief Expert for Design ASE Group (ROSATOM Corporation) 4th MDEP Conference on New Reactor Design Activities , 12.09– 13.09.17, London, UK DEVELOPMENT OF VVER DESIGN Kudankulam Bushehr-2 NPP NV-2 NPP NPP NPP in Jordan Rooppur NPP Akkuy VVER.1000 (AES-92) VVER.1200 VVER.1000 VVER.TOI (V-320) VVER.1000 (AES-91) VVER.1200 Kursk-2 NPP VVER.640 MIR-1200 Hanhikivi NPP, LNPP–2, Bel NPP Paks-II NPP Tianwan NPP Baltic NPP El-Dabaa NPP The content of this presentation is for discussion purposes only, shall not be considered as an offer and doesn’t lead to any obligations to ASE group and its affiliated companies. ASE disclaims all responsibility for any and all mistakes, quality and completeness of the information. 2 VVER.1200 Design VVER.1200 is an export name of the Russian design of the nuclear power plant known as AES-2006. It is an evolving NPP design developed on the basis of a Russian design VVER.1000. The VVER.1200 design belongs to Generation III+ . It meets all up-to-date Russian, European and international requirements for new NPP. The first units of this design are the unit #1 of Leningrad NPP-2 (LNPP-2) and the unit #1 of Novovoronezh NPP-2 in Russia. The unit #1 of Novovoronezh NPP-2 with the reactor VVER-1200 was put into operation in 2016. It is the first unit of Generation III+ under operation in the World. -
Rosatom, Transnational Nuclear Nightmare
RULES FOR BUSINESS RIGHTS FOR PEOPLE ASIA DEMANDS BINDING RULES ON BUSINESS October 2018 Syeda Rizwana Hasan from BELA/FoE Bangladesh at IGWG 2nd session 2016 @Victor Barro/FoEI BUILDING A STRONG ‘stop robbing peoples’ land: protest in Sri Lanka @Janaka Withanage/CEJ AND BINDING TREATY VOTING CHART Summary of Asian countries’ positions with respect to the UN Binding Treaty on Transnational Traditionally, international human rights law focuses on the role and responsibilities of states. Corporations and other business enterprises with respect to human rights Human rights abuses arising from the cross-border activities of corporations is the largest gap in international law. In our globalised world, companies operate between different national jurisdic- Voted for UN Presence at UNHRC Engagement with civil tions and often escape accountability. Country Binding treaty IGWG binding mandate society on UN Binding Treaty in 20145,6 treaty sessions until7 Transnational corporations (TNCs) and other companies are often implicated in human rights abuses across Asia. A destructive coal mine in Bangladesh threatens to destroy one of the world’s Not a member largest mangrove ecosystems. Hundreds of people risk being displaced from a mega-sugar plan- AUSTRALIA at the time 2016 2020 NO tation in Sri Lanka. Yet many of these crimes go on unpunished, due to corruption in local legal systems and the fact that many corporations are richer and more powerful than the states that Not a member 2015 / 2016 / seek to regulate them. BANGLAGESH at the time 2017 2017 NO In 2014, a people’s victory was celebrated at the United Nations Human Rights Council: Resolu- Proactive: meetings with tion 26/9 was adopted, establishing a new Intergovernmental Working Group (IGWG)1, which has 2015 / 2016 / foreign ministry, human rights INDONESIA YES 2017 2017 a mandate to elaborate an international legally binding instrument to regulate TNCs and other commission and ambassador. -
A Comparison of Advanced Nuclear Technologies
A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D MARCH 2017 B | CHAPTER NAME ABOUT THE CENTER ON GLOBAL ENERGY POLICY The Center on Global Energy Policy provides independent, balanced, data-driven analysis to help policymakers navigate the complex world of energy. We approach energy as an economic, security, and environmental concern. And we draw on the resources of a world-class institution, faculty with real-world experience, and a location in the world’s finance and media capital. Visit us at energypolicy.columbia.edu facebook.com/ColumbiaUEnergy twitter.com/ColumbiaUEnergy ABOUT THE SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS SIPA’s mission is to empower people to serve the global public interest. Our goal is to foster economic growth, sustainable development, social progress, and democratic governance by educating public policy professionals, producing policy-related research, and conveying the results to the world. Based in New York City, with a student body that is 50 percent international and educational partners in cities around the world, SIPA is the most global of public policy schools. For more information, please visit www.sipa.columbia.edu A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D* MARCH 2017 *Andrew C. Kadak is the former president of Yankee Atomic Electric Company and professor of the practice at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He continues to consult on nuclear operations, advanced nuclear power plants, and policy and regulatory matters in the United States. He also serves on senior nuclear safety oversight boards in China. He is a graduate of MIT from the Nuclear Science and Engineering Department. -
India: Protests Against Koodankulam Nuclear
FEBRUARY 8, 2007 | No. 652 INDIA: PROTESTS AGAINST KOODANKULAM NUCLEAR PROJECT INDIA: PROTESTS AGAINST KOODANKULAM NUCLEAR Our most decent, most democratic and most lameduck Prime PROJECT 1 Minister Manmohan Singh signed a deal for four additional USA: NRC MUST REVIEW nuclear plants at Koodankulam with the Russian President Putin N-TERRORISM IN CALIFORNIA on January 27, 2007 even before the public hearing process was LICENSING 2 held for the same. The first hearing was held on October 6. Some SWEDEN: LEAKED REPORT 700 to 800 people unexpectedly turned up and the group REVEALS SAFETY BREACHES AT included many rural women who were not reluctant to speak FORSMARK 3 their minds. The meeting prematurely ended in chaos. The SWEDEN: NUCLEAR CHALLENGE second hearing was scheduled for January 31. TO ENVIRONMENTAL CODE (652.5782) SACCER - Alarmed by the Koodankulam authorities cunningly FAILS 4 plan of the Koodankulam authorities to ducked and conveniently claimed that NUCLEAR POWER POLICY IN take water from the Pechiparai irrigation they were setting up desalination plants EUROPE 5 dam in Kanyakumari district, several with Israeli technology and hence they farmers' organizations and fisherpeople's were not going to take Pechiparai dam ENERGY (R)EVOLUTION: A associations started organizing against water. When we pointed out their claim SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY that dangerous move. This dam water in the official EIA report and in a recent OUTLOOK 6 plan was recorded in the official EIA journal article written by a senior nuclear IN BRIEF 8 (Environmental Impact Assessment) official, they claimed that they were all report that the Koodankulam authorities mistakes. -
Russia's Akademik Lomonosov – the First Modern Floating Nuclear
Russia’s Akademik Lomonosov – The First Modern Floating Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) Peter Lobner, 15 May 2021 1. Introduction Designated Project 20870, construction of Akademik Lomonosov started on 15 April 2007, when the keel was laid at the Sevmash shipyard in Severodvinsk, which also is Russia’s premier submarine building shipyard. Originally, Akademik Lomonosov was expected to supply power to the Sevmash shipyard itself and the town of Severodvinsk, in Northwest Russia. Cutaway drawing showing the general arrangement of the Akademik Lomonosov. Source: Rosatom In August 2008, the hull of Akademik Lomonosov was transferred to the Baltic Shipyard in St. Petersburg, where a second “keel laying” was held in May 2009. Plans for deploying the FNPP were reconsidered, leading to the final selection of Pevek, a remote Arctic coastal city in Russia’s Far East. The FNPP was launched on 30 June 2010 and outfitting continued with the vessel secured dockside at the Baltic Shipyard. Two un-fueled OKBM Afrikantov KLT-40S modular pressurized water reactors (PWRs) were installed in October 2013. 1 After work on the vessel and reactor systems was completed in April 2018, Akademik Lomonosov was towed 4,000 km (2,485 miles) around Norway to Murmansk, where the reactors were fuelled and tested at Rosatomflot facilities, which also support their nuclear- powered icebreaker fleet. In June 2019, the Russian nuclear regulatory agency Rostekhnadzor issued a 10-year license to Rosenergoatom to operate Akademik Lomonosov until 2029. After successfully completing testing, Akademik Lomonosov departed Murmansk on 23 August 2019 and was towed 4,770 km (2,964 miles) along the Northern Sea Route, arriving at its final destination on 9 September 2019 at a new protected pier at Pevek, which is about 980 km (609 miles) west of the Bering Strait. -
Advanced Sodium Fast Reactor Power Unit Concept
International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles: Challenges and Opportunities (FR 09 ) Advanced Sodium Fast Reactor Power Unit Concept a a a V.M. Poplavsky , A.M. Tsybulya , Yu.E. Bagdasarov , b b b b B.A. Vasilyev , Yu.L. Kamanin , S.L. Osipov , N.G.Kuzavkov , c c V.N. Yershov , M.R. Ashirmetov a FSUE “SSC RF-IPPE”, Obninsk, Russia b JSC “Afrikantov OKBM”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia c JSC “SPb AEP”, St. Petersburg, Russia KYOTO, JAPAN 7-11 December 2009 Russian Experience in Development and Implementation of BN Sodium Fast Reactors for NPPs Reactor Development Construction Operation BN-350 1960 - 1965 1965 - 1973 1973 -1998 BN-600 1963 - 1972 1972 - 1980 1980 - in operation 1975 - 1983 BN-800 Under construction Planned for 2014 2002 - 2004 BN-1600 1980's - - BN-1800 2002 - 2005 - - BN-1200 From 2006 - Planned for 2020 Main Tasks and Goals of BN-1200 Development Provide competitiveness against advanced power units with other reactor plants and fossil power plants. Enhance safety to eliminate the need for population protection measures beyond the NPP site in case of any feasible accidents. Ensure the breeding ratio of 1.2 (Stage 1), 1.3-1.35 (Stage 2) for the mixed uranium-plutonium oxide fuel and 1.45, for the nitride fuel. Prepare putting into operation of the reactor series within 2-3 years after the pilot power unit start-up. Approaches to BN-1200 Development Use largely approved BN-600 technical solutions and solutions implemented in the BN-800 as a basis for reactor plant reliable operation. -
Nuclear Power Industry
JSC ATOMENERGOMASH RESULTS OF 20161 1 The brochure data are valid as of April 26, 2017. JSC ATOMENERGOMASH RESULTS OF 2016 The pilot fast neutron reactor After a long interruption, JSC Atomenergomash with primary sodium CEFR the nuclear industry equipment reinforces the key 3,668 developed under the order manufacture was resumed at business areas – nuclear from Chinese Nuclear Power “Atommash” plant. In particular, power industry, gas and Corporation. The developer the activities were commenced petrochemical industry, of the reactor plant was for the manufacture of the main shipbuilding and general 10 YEARS OF PROGRESS OJSC Afrikantov OKBM, the equipment of the reactor island industry. steam generator developer of the Power units 1 and 2 of was OJSC OKB GIDROPRESS. Belarusian NPP. THE HISTORY OF JSC ATOMENERGOMASH, THE mechanical ENGINEERING DIVISION OF ROSATOM STATE CORPORATION (THE «DIVISION») STARTED FROM TWO 2,947 OJSC Atomenergomash The complete cycle of steam COMPANIES. TODAY THE DIVISION IS ONE OF THE LEADING mechanical ENGINEERING COMPANIES IN RUSSIA. IT COMPRISES OVER 20 LEADING ENGINEERING manufactured a core catcher generators manufacture was at the Atommash plant in mastered – from semi-products JSC TsKBM completed the BUREAUS, MAJOR MACHINE BUILDERS, RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS. THE DIVISION IS INVOLVED IN THE KEY PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED BY ROSATOM, WIDENS unprecedentedly short time (PJSC Energomashspetsstal) to test of the new MCP design – and supplied it to the Baltic body manufacture (OJSC PZM), single-shaft configuration 2,414 Labor productivity per employee, thousand rubles THE COMPETENCES AND ACTIVELY MASTERS NEW MARKETS AND TECHNOLOGIES. 2,397 NPP. assembly of in-vessel components with water cooling of motor and shipment to client and bearing assemblies that (OJSC ZiO-Podolsk). -
Rosatom Technical Academy” (Rosatom Tech)
“Rosatom Technical Academy” (Rosatom Tech) Developments of Nuclear Technologies in Russia 3rd of Febuary 2020, STTN-BATAN Evgenii Varseev Assitant to vice-rector for international cooperation, Rosatom Tech © 2019 Rosatom Tech Self Introduction Eugeny Varseev Specialist in International training at Rosatom Tech since 2016 Education 2014-2016 – Master’s degree in “New-generation nuclear power technologies and advanced NFC” at National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia 2012-2016 – PhD student, Majoring in Development, operation and decommissioning of nuclear power facilities PhD dissertation title: «Masstransfer in circuits with liquid metal coolants», Institute for Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE), Obninsk, Russia 2006-2012 – Specialist degree (5.5 years) in “Nuclear reactors and power facilities” at Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering (IATE NRNU MEPhI), Obninsk, Russia Work experience Since November 2019 – assistant to vice-rector o Rosatom Tech for int. cooperation 2016 - 2019 – Specialist of International Center at Rosatom Tech, Obninsk, Russia 2011 - 2016 – Research engineer at SSC RF - Institute for Physics and Power Engineering named after A.I. Leypunsky, Obninsk, Russia © Rosatom Tech 2 Rosatom in a Nut Shell • More than 260 000 people in 400 nuclear companies and R&D institutions - total number of employees • 80 000 people (30%) are employees under 35 years • 43 years old- average age of employees • More than 3 300 people employees with PhD and Doctor Degrees • 1800 graduates each year are recruited -
Nuclear Fuel for VVER Reactors. Current Status and Prospects
6th International Conference on WWER Fuel Performance, Modelling and Experimental Support 19–23 September 2005, Albena Congress Center, Bulgaria TVEL Corporation Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors. Current status and prospects 19-23 September, 2005 V.L. Molchanov Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors Main factors determining burnup and operating life of nuclear fuel Fuel assembly performance Fuel rod performance Core physics Technical and economic indicators Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors. Current status and prospects 2 Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors Post-irradiation Operating tests: experience: Core physics: 1) Design criteria are fulfilled; 1) New design 1) Oxide layer on fuel constraints which allow rod (FR) cladding does 2) 5 TVSA stayed at to introduce loading not exceed 15 µm; Kalinin-1 for 6 years up pattern like complete to burnup of 59 2) Fission Gas Release «in-out»; MW×days/kgU; does not exceed 3%; 2) Flexible fuel cycles 3) 12 working 3) Satisfactory assemblies (WA) condition of cladding. operated at Kola-3 for 6 years up to burnup of 57 MW×days/kgU. Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors. Current status and prospects 3 Post-irradiation fuel studies JSC TVEL arranges for post- irradiation studies of full-scale fuel assemblies. During the studies the following is determined: - geometry parameters; - condition of FA components; - properties of zirconium-based materials and fuel composition; - oxidation and hydrating degree; - causes of fuel rod failure. 3 мм 25 мкм Nuclear fuel for VVER reactors. Current status and prospects 4 Nuclear fuel for VVER-440 reactors Type 2004 2005 2006 2007 3.82% (WA and FA SA vibration resistant V-230 Kola NPP design and for V-230 reactors) V-213 4.25% (second generation of WA and FA SA ) Dukovany NPP V-213 3,82;4,38% 4,25% Mohovce NPP V-213 3,82% 4,25% V-230 3,82% Bogunice NPP V-213 3,82% 4,25% Paks NPP V-213 3,82% Novovor.