Irrigation Sector Reform Activity: RBM Sub-activity Institutional and Monitoring Framework Report Deliverable 7 Millennium Challenge Account Moldova Ref. project 278168 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald in association with: ACDI/VOCA ACSA Agland Milieu NGO BIOS July 2011 River Basin Management Sub- Activity Institutional and Monitoring Framework Report July 2011 MCA Moldova 21, Iorga Nicolae St, office 5 Chisinau, MD-2012 Republic of Moldova Mott MacDonald, Amsterdamseweg 15, 6814 CM Arnhem, PO Box 441, 6800 AK, Arnhem, Netherlands T +31 (0)26 3577 111 F +31 (0)26 3577 577 W www.mottmac.com Green corner – Save a tree today! Mott MacDonald is committed to integrating sustainability into our operational practices and culture. As a world leading consultancy business we are always seeking to improve our own performance and reduce the environmental impact of our business. 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Institutional and Monitoring Framework Report Issue and revision record Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description 0.0.3 April 2011 Ron Manley 2.3 1 May 2011 Ludmila Gofman Ron Manley Caroline la Submission of first draft to MCA Chapelle 3.00 18 May 2011 Ludmila Gofman Gary Merkley Enhancements and modifications Ron Manley according to MCA comments and Paul Buijs internal criteria Maxim Gorgan Paul Holmes Alexander Mueller Marcella Nanni Luc Verelst 3.1 31 May 2011 Ludmila Gofman Gary Merkley Caroline la Final editing and report organization Chapelle 4 1 June 2011 Caroline la Submission to client Chapelle 5 22 July 2011 Ludmila Gofman Gary Merkley Caroline la Modifications according to MCA Chapelle comments of 07 July 2011 This document is issued for the party which commissioned it We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned document being relied upon by any other party, or being used project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission used for any other purpose. which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it. T +31 (0)26 3577 111 F +31 (0)26 3577 577 W www.mottmac.com Institutional and Monitoring Framework Report Content Section Page List of Abbreviations 7 Executive Summary 9 1. Introduction 21 1.1 Scope of Work for the RBM Sub-activity ______________________________________________ 21 1.2 Institutional and Monitoring Framework Review Process _________________________________ 21 1.3 Status of the Report ______________________________________________________________ 22 1.4 Irrigation in Moldova ______________________________________________________________ 22 1.5 River Basin Management in Moldova ________________________________________________ 22 1.6 Legal and Institutional Framework ___________________________________________________ 23 1.6.1 National ______________________________________________________________________ 23 1.6.2 International ___________________________________________________________________ 25 2. River Basin Management 28 2.1 Introduction _____________________________________________________________________ 28 2.2 River Basin Management – Best Practice _____________________________________________ 29 2.2.1 Integrated Water Resource Management ____________________________________________ 29 2.2.2 Elements of Good Practice in Integrated River Basin Management ________________________ 31 2.2.3 Water Framework Directive _______________________________________________________ 32 2.3 International Practice _____________________________________________________________ 37 2.3.1 Basin Management _____________________________________________________________ 37 2.3.2 Personnel and Budgets __________________________________________________________ 37 2.3.3 Approach of Specific Countries ____________________________________________________ 38 2.4 Water Charges __________________________________________________________________ 40 2.4.1 United Kingdom ________________________________________________________________ 41 2.4.2 Abstraction ___________________________________________________________________ 41 2.4.3 Discharges ___________________________________________________________________ 42 2.4.4 Solid Waste ___________________________________________________________________ 43 2.4.5 France _______________________________________________________________________ 43 2.4.6 Example of Agence d’Eau Seine-Normandie _________________________________________ 44 2.4.7 Diffuse Pollution _______________________________________________________________ 45 2.5 Comparison of Charging Schemes __________________________________________________ 45 2.5.1 Similarities ____________________________________________________________________ 45 2.5.2 Differences ___________________________________________________________________ 46 2.6 River Basin Management Process ___________________________________________________ 46 2.6.1 Sequence of Activities ___________________________________________________________ 46 2.6.2 Objectives ____________________________________________________________________ 46 2.6.3 Baseline ______________________________________________________________________ 47 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald i Institutional and Monitoring Framework Report 2.6.4 Initial Appraisal ________________________________________________________________ 47 2.6.5 Options ______________________________________________________________________ 47 2.6.6 Draft River Basin Management Plan ________________________________________________ 47 2.6.7 River Basin Management Plan ____________________________________________________ 47 2.6.8 Implementation ________________________________________________________________ 47 2.6.9 Monitoring and Evaluation ________________________________________________________ 47 2.6.10 Reappraisal __________________________________________________________________ 48 3. Institutional Framework for Water Resources Management 49 3.1 Introduction _____________________________________________________________________ 49 3.2 Key Water Management Institutions _________________________________________________ 49 3.2.1 Data Exchange ________________________________________________________________ 53 3.3 Findings _______________________________________________________________________ 53 3.3.1 Institutional Analysis ____________________________________________________________ 53 3.4 Water Law _____________________________________________________________________ 55 3.4.1 Existing Water Legislation ________________________________________________________ 55 3.5 Study Tour _____________________________________________________________________ 68 3.5.1 Requirements _________________________________________________________________ 68 3.5.2 Climate ______________________________________________________________________ 68 3.5.3 Agriculture ____________________________________________________________________ 70 3.5.4 Water Management _____________________________________________________________ 71 3.6 Recommendations _______________________________________________________________ 72 3.6.1 Possible Institutional Scenarios and Recommended Choice _____________________________ 72 3.6.2 Economic Mechanisms __________________________________________________________ 76 3.6.3 Study Tour ____________________________________________________________________ 78 4. Monitoring and Data Management 80 4.1 Introduction _____________________________________________________________________ 80 4.2 Water Abstraction and Discharge ___________________________________________________ 80 4.2.1 Water Abstractions and Discharge Permits __________________________________________ 82 4.2.2 Monitoring of Abstractions and Discharges __________________________________________ 83 4.3 Meteorology ____________________________________________________________________ 84 4.4 Hydrology ______________________________________________________________________ 86 4.4.1 Current Network - Surface Water Flows _____________________________________________ 86 4.5 Groundwater Monitoring ___________________________________________________________