ATV-CC information PACKAGE

The European cargo control centre

Albert Einstein ATV-4 mission © CNES/S.Girard - NASA p. 4 1. Albert Einstein, the 4th European cargo vessel A record-breaking vessel The ATV-4 cargo ontents Declic on board the ATV-4 C 2. A control centre at the heart of operations p. 8 The control centres and TDRS, essential relay satellites for the ATV Coordinating ground support facilities

p. 12 3. Analysing the mission Space mechanics: CNES expertise Maintenance operations in eclipse

p. 16 4. Control centre organisation

p. 18 5. The operations carried out at the ATV-CC The different phases - From launch to injection - Phasing - Rendezvous - A Station module - Propulsion system - Controlled re-entry into the atmosphere p. 20 6. The ATAC: a training academy at the ATV-CC A specific training programme A day at the ATAC

p. 22 7. The wealth of ATV experience

p. 24 8. After the ATV... Legacy data to be protected The Orion service module, derived from the ATV

p. 27 CNES, the French space agency

p. 28 Contacts

Information package Information package ATV-4 2 ATV-4 3 Albert Einstein, the 4th European cargo vessel

Albert Einstein is the fourth in the five-vessel Automated Transfer Vehicle 1 (ATV) series of European space freigh- ters. It is also the heaviest ever lofted into space by an Ariane launcher.

It will take off on board an ES, and de- liver over 2,500 kg of dry cargo to the Interna- tional Space Station. It will also haul fuel, water and oxygen into space, as well as carrying its own fuel to reboost the Station’s orbit.

The total mass of the Albert Einstein ATV with all its cargo is 20,193 kg. In terms of weight, it beats the previous Ariane launch record by over 500 kg set in 2012 by its predecessor, the Edoardo Amaldi ATV.

The ATV is among the most complex vehicles developed by the ESA, due to the fact that it must automatically rendezvous with the ISS, and also due to its exceptional size and the severe safety constraints involved in manned flights.

On 16 December 1998, the ESA Council de- cided to assign the development and opera- tions of the Control Centre for this spacecraft to CNES, because of its competence in the field of manned flights and satellite operations. This

ATV-CC (ATV Control Centre) was set up at CSG/JM Guillon, 2013. © CNES/ESA//Optique Vidéo the Toulouse Space Centre. Interfacing with The ATV-4 at the the control centres in Moscow and Houston, on 7 May 2013, before its integration it is responsible for conducting operations and with Ariane 5 ES. coordinating the necessary ground support facilities for the ATV operations. The provision of the 5 ATVs capable of carrying To date, the ATV-CC has conducted operations cargo to the ISS, reboosting its orbit and then, for 3 ATV spacecraft: «Jules Verne» in 2008, at the end of the mission, retrieving waste from «Johannes Kepler» in 2011 and « Edoardo the ISS for disposal, is part of ESA’s contribu- th The ATV-3 Edoardo Amaldi » in 2012. «Albert Einstein», the 4 tion to the operating costs of the International Amaldi approaching the model, is due to be launched in 2013, and the Space Station. International Space Station, just before docking on 29 5th, «Jacques Lemaître», will meet up with the March 2012. Station in 2014. © NASA/, 2012 © NASA/, 2012

Information package Information package ATV-4 4 ATV-4 5 During the launch campaign at the Guiana Space Centre.

The ATV-4 in brief Declic on board the ATV-4

Launch site: , Amongst the cargo that the Albert Einstein Launcher: Ariane 5 ES ATV must deliver to the International Space Diameter of ATV-4: 4.5 m Length: 9.8 m Station is an insert for the Declic fluid phy- Total mass of vehicle: 20,193 kg sics mini-laboratory, developed by CNES as Size of panels deployed: 22.3 m part of a cooperative agreement with NASA. During the launch campaign at the Guiana This HTI insert (High Temperature Insert) Taken on 19 October 2010

Space Centre. CSG/G Barbaste, 2013 © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo by the Declic instrument was initially intended for studying the pro- on board the ISS, this picture shows the state perties of pure supercritical water. Brought of water at a temperature of 99 thousandths of a back to the ground as part of the cooperative degree below the critical agreement for the joint use of the Declic ins- temperature. trument, this insert was modified by the © CNES/, 2010 © CNES/, 2010 CNES to achieve a new scientific objective: the study of supercritical salt water. This There are a variety of applications for the new experiment duplicates the conditions Declic fluid physics mini-laboratory. It is a encountered on oceanic ridges. In return for case of gaining a better understanding of the this readjustment, NASA has made available solidification of materials, as well as amas- to CNES the mass resources ascending in sing the necessary basic knowledge for de- the ATV which are available to it through the veloping organic waste recycling systems. ISS operating agreement concluded between the American space agency and ESA. © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG/P Baudon, 2013 Baudon, 2013 CSG/P © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG/JM Guillon, 2013 CSG/JM Guillon, 2013 © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo

The ATV-4 cargo LIQUID CARGO TOTAL CARGO 4 104 kg 6 589 kg

Fuel • 2,235 kg required by the ATV-4 • 2580 kg for the Station’s propulsion DRY CARGO operations (reboosting, higher orbit) 2 485 kg • 860 kg for the International Space Station’s tanks. Dry freight 2,485 kg 570 kg of water for the crew (food, scientific experiments, clothing, etc.)

100 kg of air and oxygen © CNES/Frédéric MALIGNE,2012

Weighing 20,193 kg, the Albert Einstein ATV beats the previous Ariane launch Installed on board the ISS, the Declic fluid physics mini-laboratory is operated from the Toulouse Space Centre. record by over 500 kg set in 2012 by its predecessor, the Edoardo Amaldi ATV. © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG/P Baudon, 2013 Baudon, 2013 CSG/P © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo

Information package Information package ATV-4 6 ATV-4 7 A control centre at the heart of operations

The ATV-CC, located may be replaced by an emergency centre situa- in Toulouse ted in Huntsville, Alabama.

2 The ATV-CC is in charge of conducting the The Moscow mission control ATV operations and coordinating the neces- centre (MCC-M) sary ground support facilities. Specifically developed for the ATV operations, the nomi- This operates the Russian service module to nal control centre, as well as the emergency which the ATV will be docking, and is therefore centre and a test platform, conduct the ATV the main contact point during ATV operations. It mission operations. also handles the Station’s reboosting phases.

The Houston mission control On board the ISS, the crew prepares the station centre (MCC-H) for receiving the transfer vehicle, oversees the rendezvous and the docking operations (inter- This operates the American part of the Interna- venes if necessary to stop them or cancel the tional Space Station. It is the supreme autho- approach), and finally transfers the ATV cargo rity for all operations linked to the ISS. If need into the station, and the station waste into the be, for example in the case of a hurricane, it ATV on its return.

André Kuipers and oversee the approach and the docking of the Edoardo Amaldi ATV-3 in the Zvezda module.

The Control Centre installed in the Toulouse Space Centre was specially developed for the ATV. © CNES/Sébastien GIRARD, 2013 © NASA/, 2012

Information package Information package ATV-4 8 ATV-4 9 ARTEMIS and TDRS, In case of a major breakdown on board, an essential relay satellites emergency system, based at three ground for the ATV stations, would provide the minimum com- munication necessary to stop the mission under normal conditions. In theory, the ATV does not transmit any data directly to Earth. The relay satellites ARTEMIS and TDRS are the sole links Top left, the control between the ATV and its control centre. The centre for the American part of the Internatio- ability to relay data from one satellite to ano- nal Space Station in Houston; on the right ther satellite, situated in , the Tsoup control centre frees up a lot of ground stations. CENTER © NASA/JOHNSON SPACE © RKK in Moscow. Bottom left, the Redu centre in Belgium; on the right the Jupiter Room at the Guiana Space Centre. Artemis (on the left) and TDRS (on the right). © ESA - D. Galardin © ESA CSG/JM Guillon © CNES/ESA/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo © ESA/J.Huart © Boeing

Coordinating ground support facilities ISS ATV Locating The ATV-CC is part of an international - The Guiana Space Centre (Kourou), ground segment which involves many launch site for the Ariane launcher which

GPS partners: is carrying the ATV on board.

ISS data - NASA with the Houston control centre which implements the American ground TDRS support facility (in particular the TDRS As well as the usual activities of maintai- ning the various control centre tools in TDRS tracking systems), operating condition (tracking and steering Artemis - The Russian space agency with the the cargo vehicle, calculating manoeuvres Telemetry and remote control Tsoup control centre (Moscow), and trajectories, flight plan management), - ESA with the European network control one of the ATV-CC’s tasks is to ensure centre at DLR in Germany and the consistency in the entire ground support ARTEMIS satellite piloted from Belgium system (basically reservation of resources in Redu. and their operational coordination with the partners).

Moscow CNES - Toulouse ISS control centre ATV Control Centre Houston ISS control centre

Information package Information package ATV-4 10 ATV-4 11 3 Analysing the mission

The ATV-CC control centre seen from the «Flight Dynamics» room during training for docking. Here the space mechanics experts make sure the mission runs smoothly. © CNES/Sébastien GIRARD, 2013

The mission analysis activities conduc- - analysing manoeuvres and optimising trajec- ted by the ATV-CC concern the mis- tories (phasing, deorbiting and re-entry), sion’s optimisation. On the one hand, it - defining the mission’s attitude profile, must comply with certain constraints formula- - assessing the performances of orbit restitu- ted by the vehicle’s designer and the station partners (security, maximum manoeuvre va- tion and relative navigation in relation to the lue, sensor glare, etc.) and, on the other hand, ISS, minimise propellant consumption. - calculating orbital events, in particular the communication periods via Russian tracking Several technical themes are researched in par- stations and the ARTEMIS and TDRS satel- ticular in this context: lites, and producing synthesis chronograms. - calculating the time of launch and defining The mission analysis is a fundamental acti- rendezvous opportunities, vity in the preparation stages of the mission.

The Station approach phase. The ATV is only actually autonomous about 30 kilometres from the ISS. By way of comparison, on a trip from Toulouse to Paris, the ATV would only be autonomous when it arrived at the Porte d’Orléans! © CNES/GIRARD Sébastien, 2013

Information package Information package ATV-4 12 ATV-4 13 Space mechanics: systems take charge of the ATV during ope- CNES expertise rations, where the role of the FDS is not sim- ply limited to monitoring the vehicle! In fact, the ATV is only actually autonomous about Since the late 1990s, and following on from 30 kilometres from the ISS. By way of com- the work conducted on the Hermès shuttle parison, on a trip from Toulouse to Paris, project as well in the framework of the Fran- Maintenance operations the ATV would only be autonomous when co-Russian missions on the Mir station, the it arrived at the Porte d’Orléans! Before it in eclipse CNES space mechanics teams have taken arrives at that point, it is the control centre charge of the generic mission analysis (com- For this ATV-4 mission, the ATV-CC will will be particularly big (70°), meaning which commands the ATV’s movements. For mon to all flights) and specific mission analy- have to wait a few days before carrying the ATV will be continually illuminated. example, GPS measurements are processed out cleaning operations on the solar Consequently, the ATV control centre had sis (for a given flight) of the ATV programme. on the ground most of the time and during panel motors of the cargo vehicle. These to delay this operation by 5 days, in order These studies are still going on to take feed- the first flight, around sixty orbital correction manoeuvres, which are usually carried to gain a few minutes of eclipse essential back into account and also in order to be able out during the 24 hours following the for the ATV panel maintenance activities manoeuvres had to be calculated and opti- to respond quickly to unexpected situations. launch, must take place «in the shade» to be carried out as efficiently as possible. mised by the FDS. This was the case just before the launch of to avoid an electric overload which would In this context, the ATV teams have had jeopardise the mission. However, the ATV to rearrange the entire sequence of The ATV-3 the Jules Verne ATV-1, where initially unplan- Edoardo Amaldi will not see an eclipse in its first day in activities between injection and docking, approaching the ned strategies had to be invented in order to To carry out this work, around fifteen people International space. The beta angle (the Sun’s angle of to take into account this new constraint. Space Station, just position it in a parking orbit while waiting for divided into three teams, work in shifts 24/7 incidence in relation to the orbit plane) before docking on 29 March 2012. an optimal rendezvous opportunity with the until the end of the mission, since to gua- ISS to present itself. rantee a return to Earth without risk to popu- lations, it is again the FDS team which calcu- lates the de-orbit manoeuvres, which will be These same teams defined the FDS (Flight uploaded from the ground. Dynamics System) within the Toulouse control centre. Nearly twenty expert software

Nearly twenty expert software systems take charge of the ATV during

operations. © NASA/, 2012 © CNES/MALIGNE Frédéric, 2012 © CNES/MALIGNE Frédéric, 2012

Information package Information package ATV-4 14 ATV-4 15 A Control centre organisation

For the entire ATV mission (up to 6 Row 1. In the foreground, around the «U»- months), the Flight Control Team tracks shaped table are the vehicle teams res- the European cargo vessel 24/7. During ponsible for monitoring the ATV’s behaviour. 4 The «Spacecraft Commander» is in charge of the key phases (rendezvous, undocking, sending remote commands to the ATV. etc.) around fifty people are in the control room. Within the ATV-CC, the roles are Row 2. Here the people in charge of the mis- shared out as follows. sion take their places: the ESA Mission Direc- tor beside the CNES «Flight Directors», the A. On the left, the «Flight Dynamics» «ATV Interface Officer» and the «OPS Mana- control room. Here, the space mechanics ger», in charge of coordinating operations. engineers carry out orbit determination cal- culations necessary for the ATV manoeuvres. Row 3. The «Ground Controllers» ensure all B. On the right, the vehicle experts’ room the ground support facilities involved in (Engineering Support Room). and controlling the ATV are working properly and ESA specialists provide their support and in- provide the interface with the NASA teams in depth knowledge of the cargo vessel, in order Houston and the Tsoup control centre in Moscow, as well as the Guiana Space Centre © CNES/ Frédéric MALIGNE, 2012 to aid decision-making throughout the mis- sion. A safety specialist for the Station crew at the time of launch. is also present. B Row 4. During the key phases of the mis- C. In the centre, the main control room is sion, representatives from NASA and Tsoup where the operational teams work. sit on the first row in the room.

C

A B

4 3 2

1 © CNES/ Frédéric MALIGNE, 2012 © CNES/GIRARD Sébastien, 2012

Information package Information package ATV-4 16 ATV-4 17 The operations carried out at the ATV-CC

The operations carried out from the ATV of within one centimetre. These videometers control centre consist of several phases are supplemented by telegoniometers sending 10,000 laser pulses per second to the Station. 1. 4. throughout the mission: 5 These are delicate manoeuvres: the ATV and the Station are moving at a speed of 28,000 km/ 1. From launch to injection hour. They are monitored by the Toulouse Control The ATV mission begins with the launch of the Centre and the Station crew, who can interrupt cargo vehicle on board an Ariane 5 ES from the the approach at any time. Kourou . An elliptical orbit of 137 km at If the rendezvous is interrupted, the ATV is placed its perigee and 260 km at its apogee is reached into a safe orbit in relation to the ISS. Docking is after the first firing of the storable propellant attempted again two days later. stage, for a little less than 8 minutes. Following a waiting time of 48 minutes (ballistic phase), 4. A Station module the second firing is triggered to reach a circular orbit at an altitude of 260 km. At the final stage, Once docked, that is to say connected at a ATV separation is performed on completion of mechanical, computer, electrical and hydraulic 2. 5. the steering manoeuvres. After one and a quar- level, the ATV becomes a completely separate ter hours in flight, a third 15-second firing is trig- module to the Station. If, however, due to excep- gered, causing the storable propellant stage and tional circumstances, another space freighter the equipment bay to fall into the Pacific ocean. had to dock on the port used by the ATV, the The ATV solar panels are deployed and the first ATV could be temporarily unmoored, sent to a communications between the Control Centre waiting position, and resume its place when it and the ATV are established. is free again.

2. Phasing 5. Propulsion system Compared to a standard satellite positioning, the In the course of its mission, the cargo trans- difficulty of the ATV mission lies in the fact that portation vehicle is regularly used to correct the the rendezvous point, the Station, is not fixed orbit of the Station. It can also be put to use but moving, which involves particularly careful during manoeuvres to avoid or 3. 6. correct the attitude of the Station to facilitate

© CNES/ill./DUCROS David, 2008 et 2010 © CNES/ill./DUCROS David, 2008 et 2010 phasing with the ISS. These phasing operations bring the ATV close to the Station prior to the fi- rendezvous with other supply modules. nal phase: the rendezvous. If necessary, the ATV can be temporarily put on hold on a parking orbit 6. Controlled re-entry into the from among the 4 positions planned at 1,000 or atmosphere 2,000 km in front of or behind the Station. Once it has carried out its mission, the ATV is 3. Rendezvous guided by the Control Centre towards its final destination, an uninhabited area in the South Pa- The last few metres separating the ATV from the cific, above which it breaks up in the atmosphere. Station are continuously closely monitored by the The re-entry takes place less than 48 hours after Re-entry Control Centre, firstly with a GPS system, then into the atmosphere 6. leaving the Station, along a very steep angle, so

© ESA/NASA/, 2008 through the combined use of two highly accurate as to limit the scattering of debris which have measuring systems. not been burnt away in the atmosphere. In the The first comprises two videometers, “the eyes course of this last trip, the ATV will have circled of the ATV”, enabling it to dock with a precision the earth several times.

Information package Information package ATV-4 18 ATV-4 19 The ATAC: a training academy at the ATV-CC

In 2009, in order to benefit from the the mission, the vehicle, the organisation of experience acquired on the ATV mis- the teams and the interactions with partners. sions, CNES and ESA decided to set During the second part of the course, each 6 «student» is taught theoretical and practical up a specific training programme: the components by the «elders» in his team which ATAC, which stands for ATV-CC Trai- are specifically linked to his occupation. Then ning Academy. This programme is come the «real-life» simulations which cover intended for engineers in command of all the phases of the mission, from launch to the cargo transportation vehicle and undocking and re-entry into the atmosphere. includes theory as well as practical simulations. The simulation programme, which may last se- veral days, is determined in secret by a group The course begins with a «basic training» ses- of engineers: «The ATAC Team» prepares fai- sion. The 130 people involved in the operations lures which the operators will encounter. These familiarise themselves with the definition of breakdown scenarios are fed into a computer simulator, the ATV Ground Control Simulator (AGCS). During the training sessions which can go on for up to 5 days, 24 hours a day, there will be a series of breakdowns in order to test the responsiveness of the future ATV «pilots»: loss of communication, fire on board the ISS, faulty solar panel, debris avoidance manoeuvre, etc. Only this type of strict trai- © CNES/Sandrine Arribeux, 2012 © CNES/Sandrine ning effectively prepares ATV-CC operators.

A day at the ATAC played out by the simulation engineers in their little «breakdown injection» room). Toulouse Space Centre, Friday 26 April 2013. It is the 5th day of simulation for the engineers at The night and the morning were the- the ATV-CC control centre. A week deliberately refore quite eventful, spent handling filled with pitfalls to prepare the controllers in the 2 manoeuvres. Vincent François dealing with technical faults. had quite an intense experience: no-one was expecting to see his car During this last day of simulations, the ATV in the Toulouse Space Centre car Control Centre schedule planned the closing park quite so early that morning. of the airlock which connects the ATV to the However, this «ground controller» International Space Station. The goal: for the («ground» support facility engineer) A training session was at the console from 6 o’clock in at the ATV-CC. crew to carry out a spacewalk activity. But A sequence of failure the morning. Having only slept for simulations over several there’s a surprise in store! A new debris avoi- days put operators’ skills about 5 hours, he rose to the chal- and reactions to the test. dance manœuvre has been ordered by the ope-

rators at the Moscow control centre (this time lenges of the training. © CNES/Sébastien GIRARD © CNES/Sébastien Girard, 2013

Information package Information package ATV-4 20 ATV-4 21 The wealth of ATV experience

Over 5 years and with 4 ATVs, the Toulouse Control Centre has built up a 7 wealth of experience. With each mis- sion, its teams have proved their adap- tability and responsiveness, giving operations the best chance of success.

The mission’s American partners, for example, have asked the ATV-CC to carry out attitude checks for the International Space Station, which was not planned at the start. The ATV therefore provided assistance in enabling the ISS to receive arriving vehicles (, Soyuz, , Dragon, etc.). The operations necessary for these new parameters had to be thought up. From an operational standpoint, these manoeuvres are complicated, because when the Station is no longer in its normal © NASA/, 2012 flight axis, quite long breaks in connection can André Kuipers unloading ATV-3. With each new mission, the occur and must be cleverly handled, according teams at the ATV-CC came up to when the TDRS and Artemis relay satellites with new solutions to relieve the ISS crew from unloading pass by. The ATV-CC must therefore calculate operations. the gaps in connection so as to anticipate them at times which will not affect the remainder of the operations.

In order for the Station crew to be less involved in unloading the ATV, the ATV-CC teams also Moored to the International Space Station, a had to find new solutions, especially for trans- manned spacecraft, the ATV must satisfy the ferring oxygen which is a particularly delicate highest safety and safeguarding criteria, and operation as it can jeopardise the Station’s all eventualities must be prepared for, including safety. The crew was relieved of some of the the most improbable ones. monitoring operations, which were directly The objective driving the operations is to make conducted from the ground. The vehicle spe- the mission more robust against unknown cialists at the ATV-CC carried out numerous quantities: to look for other rendezvous solu- calculations to measure the risks, define the tions, to conduct operations in the attached quantities which could be transferred in one go phase with more redundancy, etc. without jeopardising safety, etc. Temperature monitoring was also set up to guard against In the end, the ATV-CC teams improve the risk of condensation. The objective being to re- cargo transportation vehicle’s configuration lieve the crew as much as possible from having through their experience, so that operations go to be present and to monitor. as effectively as possible. The International Space Station with the ATV “Jules Verne” in the foreground on 1 June 2008. © NASA

Information package Information package ATV-4 22 ATV-4 23 After the ATV…

Legacy data to be protected

The expertise developed at the ATV-CC Control 8 Centre during the 5 ATV missions is worth saving at all costs. It is in fact the first time that Europe has carried this level of responsibility in the «manned flight» domain. Furthermore, in light of the upcoming equipping of the American capsule Orion with a service module derived from the ATV (see below), this data represents a vital legacy, particularly in the field of propulsion.

In fact, complex propulsion systems had to be © CNES/Sébastien Girard, 2013 developed for the ATV, with four independent circuits, and cross-strapped redundancy, in order to meet the reliability requirements for manned flight. Naturally, this complexity in turn causes severe operating constraints. The ATV’s success regarding propulsion no longer has to be proved, so it is essential to hold onto the expertise acquired, because the service module for the future Orion capsule will use the motor principles used for the ATV.

Upon the request of ESA, the CNES ground team has therefore begun the laborious task of © NASA/, 2008 archiving and securing the data received and Below: The Jules Verne ATV undocking produced at the ATV-CC during the last 3 ATV missions. This work will be continued during the Albert Einstein (ATV-4) and Jacques Lemaitre (ATV-5) missions. It involves all the telemetry as well as all the information derived from it: using the telemetry, history of all the operations, etc.

To do so, a study comprehensively determined all the data to be archived: their type, their volume and their source. A strategy was then established to define a specific infrastructure, as well as an archiving process. This in particular included archiving by mission. These operations take place at the end of each ATV campaign and last about two weeks. At the end of this phase, The ATV-2 and for security reasons, the data are stored in “Johannes Kepler” as it left the ISS two different buildings at the Toulouse Space on 20 June 2011. © NASA/, 2011 © NASA/, 2011 Centre.

Information package Information package ATV-4 24 ATV-4 25 The Orion service module, derived from the ATV CNES,

On 16 January 2013, NASA and the (8 instead of 4), the electric generators and the French space agency concluded an the water and gas storage systems. agreement according to which Europe will A main engine with a thrust of 2.6 tonnes Since its inception in 1961, CNES is the public organisation responsible for elaborating and directing supply the service module for the first will be added. The module must provide France’s space policy within Europe. mission of the American Orion capsule. propulsion for the vessel, its power supply, Orion’s first flight is scheduled for 2017 its thermal control, and storage for the air It designs satellites and puts them into orbit, inventing the space systems of tomorrow; it promotes and will be launched at the inaugural flight and water necessary for a crew’s survival. new emerging services, useful in everyday life. of the SLS launcher (Space Launch System), NASA’s new heavy-lift launcher. CNES is the source of great space projects, launchers and satellites, which it commissions the This service module therefore represents industry to manufacture. It also surrounds itself with scientific partners and is engaged in many the «barter element» which enables ESA international cooperative projects. to honour its financial commitment towards NASA for continued use of the International Space Station up to 2020. The agreement concerns a flight and CNES is involved in 5 domains, provides an option for the construction of which mobilise 2,400 people: a second module which would be used for a manned flight to the Moon in 2021. Launchers This service module will use some of the Europe can reach space independently with the Ariane 5, Soyuz and launchers. ATV’s sub-systems, especially the attitude control motors, the auxiliary motors Earth observation Satellites collect continual global measurements of the Earth system.

The future Orion capsule. This vehicle’s service module Universe sciences will use some of the ATV’s sub-systems. From the solar system to distant stars, probes and telescopes decipher the Universe © NASA that surrounds us.

Space applications Space technology is useful to us on a daily basis for locating or communicating.

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Discover and share CNES’ universe: • on the social networks: www.cnes.fr/le-buzz © NASA  • on iPhone, key word «CNES» or by scanning the following code:

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