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The World at the Time of Messel: Conference Volume
T. Lehmann & S.F.K. Schaal (eds) The World at the Time of Messel - Conference Volume Time at the The World The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 2011 Frankfurt am Main, 15th - 19th November 2011 ISBN 978-3-929907-86-5 Conference Volume SENCKENBERG Gesellschaft für Naturforschung THOMAS LEHMANN & STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL (eds) The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference Frankfurt am Main, 15th – 19th November 2011 Conference Volume Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung IMPRINT The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Conference Volume Publisher PROF. DR. DR. H.C. VOLKER MOSBRUGGER Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Editors DR. THOMAS LEHMANN & DR. STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected]; [email protected] Language editors JOSEPH E.B. HOGAN & DR. KRISTER T. SMITH Layout JULIANE EBERHARDT & ANIKA VOGEL Cover Illustration EVELINE JUNQUEIRA Print Rhein-Main-Geschäftsdrucke, Hofheim-Wallau, Germany Citation LEHMANN, T. & SCHAAL, S.F.K. (eds) (2011). The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates. 22nd International Senckenberg Conference. 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main. Conference Volume. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main. pp. 203. -
Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J. -
A New Species of the Rhinoceros Alicornops from the Middle Miocene of the Linxia Basin, Gansu, China
A NEW SPECIES OF THE RHINOCEROS ALICORNOPS FROM THE MIDDLE MIOCENE OF THE LINXIA BASIN, GANSU, CHINA by TAO DENG . A new species of the genus Alicornops, A. laogouense, from Laogou in Hezheng County, Linxia Basin, China, is described. It is mid-sized in the subfamily Aceratheriinae, but is the largest known species of It represents the first discovery of the genus in Asia. The Middle Miocene fauna bearing A. laogouense is lteI1npOlranleOllS with the Dingjiaergou fauna of Tongxin, Ningxia, China, and its age corresponds to MN 6 in Europe. discovery of A. laogouense in the Linxia Basin implies that Alicornops dispersed from Europe to Asia. During 6 times it was relatively widespread throughout Eurasia. Alicornops laogouense lived in open woodland rich in and rivers. WORDS: Linxia Basin, China, Middle Miocene, Rhinocerotidae, Aceratheriinae. HE Late Cenozoic deposits in the Linxia Basin, Gansu, China, are thick and well exposed. Recently, a m""'''''''<> 11' <In fauna consisting of abundant fossils was discovered in this basin in Middle Miocene deposits Laogou in Hezheng County (Text-fig. 1). The deposits consist of greyish yellow, gravelly, generally .dated sands and occasionally hard sandstones. The sands are mostly medium grained and contain fine gravels. The thickness of the deposits is approximately 58 m. The overlying deposits are grey, rusty yellow sandstones and fine gravels. The underlying beds are alternating thin-bedded light and light orange clays. Judging by the percentage of specimens recovered, proboscideans were dominant and rhinocerotids secondary in this fauna. The known fossils include Amphicyon tairumensis, Anchitheriwn gobiensis, herium sp., Hemicyon teilhardi, Hispanotheriwn matritense, Kubanochoerus gigas, Listriodon liensis, Palaeotragus tungurensis, Platybelodon grangeri, Pliopithecus sp., Zygolophodon sp., and rhrnoc:en)s described herein. -
71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas. -
Sexual Dimorphism in Perissodactyl Rhinocerotid Chilotherium Wimani from the Late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)
Sexual dimorphism in perissodactyl rhinocerotid Chilotherium wimani from the late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China) SHAOKUN CHEN, TAO DENG, SUKUAN HOU, QINQIN SHI, and LIBO PANG Chen, S., Deng, T., Hou, S., Shi, Q., and Pang, L. 2010. Sexual dimorphism in perissodactyl rhinocerotid Chilotherium wimani from the late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55 (4): 587–597. Sexual dimorphism is reviewed and described in adult skulls of Chilotherium wimani from the Linxia Basin. Via the anal− ysis and comparison, several very significant sexually dimorphic features are recognized. Tusks (i2), symphysis and oc− cipital surface are larger in males. Sexual dimorphism in the mandible is significant. The anterior mandibular morphology is more sexually dimorphic than the posterior part. The most clearly dimorphic character is i2 length, and this is consistent with intrasexual competition where males invest large amounts of energy jousting with each other. The molar length, the height and the area of the occipital surface are correlated with body mass, and body mass sexual dimorphism is compared. Society behavior and paleoecology of C. wimani are different from most extinct or extant rhinos. M/F ratio indicates that the mortality of young males is higher than females. According to the suite of dimorphic features of the skull of C. wimani, the tentative sex discriminant functions are set up in order to identify the gender of the skulls. Key words: Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Chilotherium wimani, sexual dimorphism, statistics, late Miocene, China. Shaokun Chen [[email protected]], Chongqing Three Gorges Institute of Paleoanthropology, China Three Gorges Museum, 236 Ren−Min Road, Chongqing 400015, China and Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi−Zhi−Men−Wai Street, P.O. -
FOSSIL RHINOCEROSES of MYANMAR.Pdf (2235
Jour, Mya n. Aca d. Arts & Sc. 2014 Vol. Xli. No.6 FOSSIL RHINOCEROSES OF MYANMAR Zh . r-. t.J ullg Maung Thein', Thaung Htike2, Maung Maung3 Abstract Rhinocer....ses, the family Rhinocerotidae, currently inhabit in Africa and South and Southeas t Asia. In the fossil record. this family was diversified into many gene-a and species, and was widely distributed throughout No rth America, Asia. Europe and Africa in the geological past. In Myanmar. fossil remains of rhinoceroses have b-en doc umented in the late Eocene Pondaung Formation belonging to one species (cf. Teletaceras sp.). However. remains of rhinoceros are comm on in the Neogene of central Myanmar represen ting four genera ("Diceratherium" naricum, Brachypotherinm petimense, Brachypotherium fat ehjangense, Rhinoceros sondaicus, Rhinoceros sp., Dicerorhinus gwebinensis.; Ilicerorhinus sp.) and one indeterm inate genus (tota l eight species). Neogene rhinoceros of Myanmar are also common ly known in the Indian Subcontinent, ind icating the possible faunal exchanges between these regions. Hov eve r. presence of some faunal elements such as elephant (Sinomastodon sp.) and wild boar tPropotamochoerus sp.} in the Pliocene or later period suggests a possible faunal exchange with East Asia. Keywords: Irrawaddy Formation, Neogene, Pondaung Formation, Rhinocerotidae, systematic paleontology Introdu ction The family Rhinocerotidae first arose in the Eocene as one clade of the superfamily Rhinocerotoidea together with Hyracodontidae and Amynodontidae. This family is now in the danger of extinction, and its distribution is limited to Africa and Asian Region (Martin et ai, 2001). However, it was diversified into many genera and species, and was widely distributed throughout North America, Asia, Europe and Africa in the geological past (Prothero et al. -
Marsupials As Ancestors Or Sister Taxa?
Archives of natural history 39.2 (2012): 217–233 Edinburgh University Press DOI: 10.3366/anh.2012.0091 # The Society for the History of Natural History www.eupjournals.com/anh Darwin’s two competing phylogenetic trees: marsupials as ancestors or sister taxa? J. DAVID ARCHIBALD Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182–4614, USA (e-mail: [email protected]). ABSTRACT: Studies of the origin and diversification of major groups of plants and animals are contentious topics in current evolutionary biology. This includes the study of the timing and relationships of the two major clades of extant mammals – marsupials and placentals. Molecular studies concerned with marsupial and placental origin and diversification can be at odds with the fossil record. Such studies are, however, not a recent phenomenon. Over 150 years ago Charles Darwin weighed two alternative views on the origin of marsupials and placentals. Less than a year after the publication of On the origin of species, Darwin outlined these in a letter to Charles Lyell dated 23 September 1860. The letter concluded with two competing phylogenetic diagrams. One showed marsupials as ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals, whereas the other showed a non-marsupial, non-placental as being ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals. These two diagrams are published here for the first time. These are the only such competing phylogenetic diagrams that Darwin is known to have produced. In addition to examining the question of mammalian origins in this letter and in other manuscript notes discussed here, Darwin confronted the broader issue as to whether major groups of animals had a single origin (monophyly) or were the result of “continuous creation” as advocated for some groups by Richard Owen. -
Abstract Volume 9Th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Zurich, 11Th – 13Th November 2011
Abstract Volume 9th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Zurich, 11th – 13th November 2011 14. Traces of life on planet Earth: A tribute to the late Professor Lukas Hottinger 306 14. Traces of life on planet Earth: A tribute to the late Professor Lukas Hottinger Lionel Cavin, Michael Hautmann “Schweizerische Paläontologische Gesellschaft” (SPG/SPS) “Kommission der Schweizerischen Paläontologischen Abhandlungen” (KSPA) TALKS: Symposium 14: Traces of life on planet Earth Symposium 14: Traces 14.1 Geiger, M., Wilson, L. A. B., Costeur, L., Scheyer, T. M., Aguilera, O. A., Sánchez-Villagra, M. R.: Giant rodents from the northern Neotropics - taxonomic, phylogenetic and developmental aspects of their evolution within the caviomorph radiation 14.2 Hiard F., Mennecart B., Berger J.-P.: Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Swiss Molasse Basin (Oligocene and Early Miocene) on the basis of postcranial remains of ruminants (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) 14.3 Hofmann R., Hautmann M., Bucher H.: Ecological structure and taxa distribution in near shore habitats of the Virgin Formation (south-western Utah): Implications for the Early Triassic recovery 14.4 Kolb, C.: Growth patterns deduced from bone histology of the dwarfed island deer Candiacervus from the Late Pleistocene of Crete 14.5 Mary Y., Knappertsbusch M.: Biogeographic morphological investigation of menardiform globorotalids in a time slice at 3.2 My (Mid-Pliocene) 14.6 Meister P.H.: Was the Triassic a plumeworld? 14.7 Mennecart B.: Was Europe an evolutionary DEAD END? Case of the Oligocene-Early Miocene -
En El Mioceno Tardío De Chiapas, México
Arculo cienfico Lum/enero-junio, vol. 2, no. 1, pag. 18-29 TELEOCERAS Y CF. PERACERAS (PERISSODACTYLA, RHINOCEROTIDAE) EN EL MIOCENO TARDÍO DE CHIAPAS, MÉXICO Gerardo Carbot-Chanona Departamento de Paleontología, Dirección de Gestión, Investigación y Educación Ambiental, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente e Historia Natural. Calzada de Las Personas Ilustres S/N, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México. [email protected] RESUMEN Se describen restos fósiles de rinoceronte recolectados en la localidad Puente Ixcán, municipio de Ocosingo, Chiapas, México. El mate- rial consiste en un P2 derecho y un radio derecho completo que presenta evidencias de arrastre. Los caracteres morfológicos y merís- cos, así como el rango temporal de la asociación faunísca, permiten asignar los ejemplares a Teleoceras cf. T. hicksi y cf. Peraceras sp. Los restos de rinoceronte se encuentran asociados con tortugas trioníquidas, cf. Crocodylus sp., un Caimaninae indeterminado, Gomp- hotherium sp. cf. G. hondurensis y un caballo indeterminado. La presencia de cf. T. hicksi y cf. G. hondurensis en la asociación faunísca permite proponer que pertenece al NALMA Henfiliano, documentando de esta manera la distribución más sureña de vertebrados terrestres del Mioceno tardío en México. Palabras clave: Rinoceronte, Neógeno, NALMA Henfiliano, asociación de vertebrados. ABSTRACT Rhinoceros fossil remains collected in the Puente Ixcán locality, Ocosingo municipality, Chiapas, Mexico are described. The material consists of a right P2 and a well-preserved right radius, that show dragging marks. The morphological and merisc characters, as well as temporal range of the faunal associaon, allow to assign the specimens as Teleoceras cf. T. hicksi and cf. Peraceras sp. The rhinoceros remains are associated with trionychid tortoises, cf. -
The Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Hippopotamidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla): a Review Based on Morphology and Cladistic Analysis
Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKZOJZoological Journal of the Linnean Society0024-4082The Lin- nean Society of London, 2005? 2005 143? 126 Original Article J.-R. BOISSERIEHIPPOPOTAMIDAE PHYLOGENY AND TAXONOMY Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 143, 1–26. With 11 figures The phylogeny and taxonomy of Hippopotamidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla): a review based on morphology and cladistic analysis JEAN-RENAUD BOISSERIE1,2* 1Laboratoire de Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie Humaine, UMR CNRS 6046, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur, Pineau 86022 Cedex, France 2Laboratory for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California at Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Science Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3160, USA Received August 2003; accepted for publication June 2004 The phylogeny and taxonomy of the whole family Hippopotamidae is in need of reconsideration, the present confu- sion obstructing palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography studies of these Neogene mammals. The revision of the Hip- popotamidae initiated here deals with the last 8 Myr of African and Asian species. The first thorough cladistic analysis of the family is presented here. The outcome of this analysis, including 37 morphological characters coded for 15 extant and fossil taxa, as well as non-coded features of mandibular morphology, was used to reconstruct broad outlines of hippo phylogeny. Distinct lineages within the paraphyletic genus Hexaprotodon are recognized and char- acterized. In order to harmonize taxonomy and phylogeny, two new genera are created. The genus name Choeropsis is re-validated for the extant Liberian hippo. The nomen Hexaprotodon is restricted to the fossil lineage mostly known in Asia, but also including at least one African species. -
(Mammalia: Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Miocene Hominoid Fauna
G Model GEOBIO-654; No. of Pages 10 Geobios xxx (2013) xxx–xxx Available online at ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com Original article A juvenile skull of Acerorhinus yuanmouensis (Mammalia: Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Miocene hominoid § fauna of the Yuanmou Basin (Yunnan, China) a,b, Xiaokang Lu * a Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China b University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: A unique juvenile skull bearing both milk premolars and unerupted but fully developed permanent Received 4 February 2013 premolars and molars (observed using X-ray microcomputed tomography), and some isolated upper Accepted 10 October 2013 cheek teeth, all from the Late Miocene hominoid fauna of the Yuanmou Basin (Yunnan, China), closely Available online xxx resemble craniodental material of Acerorhinus yuanmouensis Zong, 1998 from the same locality, and are referred to this species. A phylogenetic analysis based on 214 craniodental morphological characters Keywords: scored for 31 terminal taxa reveals that A. yuanmouensis should be assigned to the genus Acerorhinus Acerorhinus indeed. The newly discovered specimens improve our understanding of this species, especially with Aceratheriinae respect to the morphology of the milk premolars and premolars. Two intraspecific variations in the upper Ontogeny premolars are noted: a lingual bridge may be present or absent, and the lingual cingulum continuous or Cladistic analysis Late Miocene reduced. The analysis also indicates that: the phylogenetic status of Acerorhinus lufengensis Deng and Qi, Yuanmou 2009 should be reconsidered; ‘‘Aceratherium’’ huadeensis Qiu, 1979 does neither belong to Aceratherium Hominoid fauna nor Acerorhinus, and its phylogenetic status remains debatable. -
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Relations et position systématique du genre Cuisitherium Sudre et al., 1983, le plus dérivé des artiodactyles de l’Éocène inférieur d’Europe Jean SUDRE Laboratoire de Paléontologie des Vertébrés E.P.H.E., ISEM Université de Montpellier 2, case courrier 064, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Gérard LECOMTE 5 Rue Guiscard, F-60400 Grisolles (France) Sudre J. & Lecomte G. 2000. — Relations et position systématique du genre Cuisitherium Sudre et al., 1983, le plus dérivé des artiodactyles de l’Éocène inférieur d’Europe. Geodiversitas 22 (3) : 415-432. RÉSUMÉ La description d’un maxillaire de Cuisitherium lydekkeri découvert sur le gi- sement yprésien de Monthelon a permis de préciser les caractères dentaires de l’espèce ainsi que les relations et le statut systématique du genre Cuisitherium. On établit que Cuisitherium est probablement directement apparenté au genre monospécifique Lophiobunodon connu dans les niveaux élevés de l’Éocène moyen (La Livinière, MP15). La relation Cuisitherium- Lophiobunodon montre que l’acquisition des molaires supérieures dilambdo- dontes (ectolophe en W et pli de la centrocrête) a dû se réaliser rapidement au MOTS CLÉS cours de l’Éocène moyen sans que cela entraîne des modifications majeures Mammifère, dans la morphologie des molaires inférieures. Cette relation conduit à ratta- artiodactyle, cher Cuisitherium aux Choeropotamidae, conformément à l’opinion de Éocène, évolution, Gentry & Hooker (1988), cette famille incluant d’après ces auteurs des systématique. formes rapportées antérieurement aux Haplobunodontidae. GEODIVERSITAS • 2000 • 22 (3) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.mnhn.fr/publication/ 415 Sudre J.