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Independence Kosovo www.ssoar.info State-Building in Post-Independence Kosovo: Policy Challenges and Societal Considerations Armakolas, Ioannis (Ed.); Demjaha, Agon (Ed.); Elbasani, Arolda (Ed.); Schwandner-Sievers, Stephanie (Ed.); Skendaj, Elton (Ed.); Tzifakis, Nikolaos (Ed.) Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Sammelwerk / collection Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Armakolas, I., Demjaha, A., Elbasani, A., Schwandner-Sievers, S., Skendaj, E., & Tzifakis, N. (Eds.). (2017). State- Building in Post-Independence Kosovo: Policy Challenges and Societal Considerations. Prishtinë: Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-53686-2 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY Lizenz (Namensnennung) zur This document is made available under a CC BY Licence Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden (Attribution). For more Information see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.de State-building in post- independence Kosovo: Policy Challenges and Societal Considerations Edited by: Ioannis Armakolas Agon Demjaha Arolda Elbasani Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers Elton Skendaj Nikolaos Tzifakis Kosovo Foundation for Open Society 2 State-building in post-independence Kosovo: Policy Challenges and Societal Considerations Edited by Ioannis Armakolas University of Macedonia, Greece Agon Demjaha Tetovo State University, Macedonia Arolda Elbasani New York University, United States Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers Bournemouth University, United Kingdom Elton Skendaj Manchester University, United States Nikolaos Tzifakis University of the Peloponnese, Greece Kosovo Foundation for Open Society 3 Publisher: Kosovo Foundation for Open Society, Imzot Nike Prela vila 13, Prishtinë 10000 Date: July 2017 Katalogimi në botim – (CIP) Biblioteka Kombëtare e Kosovës “Pjetër Bogdani” 32:304(047) Policy Challenges and Societal Considerations / Edited by Ioannis Armakolas…et al. – Prishtinë : Kosovo Foundation for Open Society, 2017. – 399 f. ; 21 cm. 1. Armakolas, Ioannis ISBN 978-9951-503-04-4 4 Contents 7 List of Abbreviations 11 Abstracts 21 About the Editors 23 About the Authors 27 Acknowledgements 29 Introduction Ioannis Armakolas, Agon Demjaha, Arolda Elbasani, Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers, Elton Skendaj, Nikolaos Tzifakis PART I - STATE-BUILDING AND THE CHALLENGES TO REFORM 53 Hybrid Institutions? International Templates and Political Patronage in the Recruitment of Civil Servants in Kosovo Katarina Tadić 73 Privatization or Patronage: Assessment of Difficulties in Kosovo’s Pri vatization Process Dita Dobranja 95 Crafting Exclusive Nations? The Role of Education in Post-war Kosovo Ervjola Selenica PART II – DEMOCRACY, CONTENTION, AND PARTY POLITICS 115 Exploring Citizens’ Dissatisfaction with Democracy: Trends and Factors in Kosovo Pranvera Tika 135 People’s Power Hits Glass Ceiling? State-building and Contention in Contemporary Kosovo Alma Vardari 159 The Impact of Personalization of the Electoral System on Intra-party Democracy: The Evidence from Kosovo Zlatko Vujovi ć PART III – THE BRUSSELS DIALOGUE BETWEEN KOSOVO AND SERBIA: PROCESS AND IMPLICATIONS 189 The European Union and Peace Implementation: The case of Brussels Dialogue between Kosovo and Serbia Cemaliye Beysoylu 5 215 Four Years of EU Mediation Efforts in the ‘Brussels Dialogue of the Deaf’: Analysing the Negotiations for the Association/Community of Serb Municipalities in Kosovo Miruna Troncotă 247 The Media Coverage of the Brussels Dialogue and Reconciliation Prospects in Kosovo Andrea Garaiova PART IV – SOCIAL RELATIONS AND THE CHALLENGE OF RECONCILIATION 269 Dealing with the Past and the Process of Reconciliation in Kosovo Atdhe Hetemi 291 Cultural Heritage: Contested Perspectives and Strategies in Kosovo Nikolaos Pasamitros 311 Contested Territory - History Textbooks and the Domestic Politics of Edu cation in Kosovo Narcisa Semi Traditional Mediation Practices at a Decentralized Level: A Resource for or an Obstacle to Kosovo’sć State-building Process? Mirjona Sadiku PART V – SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS: DOMESTIC AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES 331 From Kosovo Liberation Army to Kosovo Security Force and Beyond: The Question of the Kosovo Armed Force Giorgos Triantafyllou 353 The Normalization of Relations between Kosovo and Serbia: A Regional Security Complex Perspective Miroslava Kuľková 403 Russia in the Balkans: A View from Kosovo Cosmin Ioniță 6 List of Abbreviations AAK – Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (Aleanca për Ardhmërinë e Kosovës) ACSM/ASM/CSM – Association/Community of Serbian Majority Municipalities AHD – Authorised Heritage Discourse AKM – Association of Kosovo Municipalities AKR – New Kosovo Alliance (Aleanca Kosova e Re) AP – Autonomous Province Kosovo BiH/BH – Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Hercegovina) BIRN – Balkan Investigative Reporting Network CBA – Central Bank of Kosovo CCS – Comparative Candidate Study CEFTA – Central European Free Trade Agreement CIDA – Canadian International Development Agency CoE – Council of Europe COMKFOR – Commander of Kosovo Force CPKSS – Comprehensive Proposal for Kosovo Status Settlement CSA – Council for Senior Appointments CSMP – Council on Senior Management Positions CSO – Civil Society Organizations CSR – Civil Service Regulation CSTO – Collective Security Treaty Organization DCSA – Department of Civil Service Administration DFID – Department for International Development DIRI – Defense Institutional Reform Initiative DoES – Department of Education and Science EC – European Commission ECMI – European Centre for Minority Issues EEAS – European External Action Service EU – European Union EUA – European University Association EULEX – European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo EUSR – European Union Special Representative FER – New Spirit Party (Partia Fryma e Re) FOC – Full Operational Capabilities FRY – Federal Republic of Yugoslavia FYROM – Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia GDP – Gross Domestic Product GIZ – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH 7 GLPS – Group for Political and Legal Studies IBM – Integrated Border/Boundary Line Management ICCROM – International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property ICJ – International Court of Justice ICMM – Independent Commission for Mines and Minerals ICMP – International Commission on Missing Persons ICO – ICOMOS – International Council on Monuments and Sites ICR – International Civilian RepresentativeOffice IGO – Intergovernmental Organisations IMF – International Monetary Fund IMP – International Military Presence IMWG DwPR – Inter-Ministerial Working Group on Dealing with the Past and Reconciliation IOB – Independent Oversight Board IOM – International Organization for Migration ISG – International Steering Group for Kosovo ISSR – Internal Security Sector Review ITU – International Telecommunication Union JSL – United Serbian List (Jedinstvena Srpska Lista) KAF – Kosovo Armed Force KCCH – Kosovo Council for Cultural Heritage KCSS – Kosovar Center for Security Studies KDTP – Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo (Kosova Demokratik Türk Partisi) KEK – Kosovo Energy Corporation (Korporata Energjetike e Kosovës) KFOR –Kosovo Force KIPRED – Kosovar Institute for Policy Research and Development KLA – Kosovo Liberation Army (Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës) KOSTT - Kosovar Electricity Transmission, System and Market Operator KPC – Kosovo Protection Corps KS – Kosovo (Kosova) KSF – Kosovo Security Force KSIP – Kosovo Standards Implementation Plan KTA – Kosovo Trust Agency LDK – Democratic League of Kosovo (Lidhja Demokratike e Kosovës) MARRI –Migration, Asylum, Refugees Regional Initiative MCSC – Municipal Community Safety Councils MEST – Ministry of Education, Science and Technology MP – Member of the Parliament MPA – Ministry of Public Administration MTA – Military Technical Agreement 8 NAC – North Atlantic Council NAPISAA – National Action Plan for the Implementation of the Stabilization and Association Agreement NAT – NATO Advisory Team NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization NGO – Non Governmental Organization NISMA – Initiative for Kosovo (NISMA për Kosovën) NLAT – NATO Liaison and Advisory Team OECD – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OHCHR – Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OMPF – Office of Missing Persons and Forensics OSCE – Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe PAK – Privatisation Agency of Kosovo PAR – Public Administration Reform PDK – Democratic Party of Kosovo (Partia Demokratike e Kosovës) PISG – Provisional Institutions for Self-Government PR List System – Proportional Representation List System QCA – Qualitative Content Analysis RECOM – Coalition for Regional Commission​ RKS – Republic of Kosovo (Republika e Kosovës) RSC – Regional Security Complex SAA – Stabilisation and Association Agreement SC – Municipal Community Safety Councils SFRY – Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia SIDA – Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SLS – Independent Liberal Party (Samostalna Liberalna Stranka) SNS – Serbian Progressive Party (Srpska Napredna Stranka) SOE – Socially Owned Enterprises SPAC – Senior Public Appointment Committee SRSG – Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General SSSR – Strategic Security Sector Review STJK – Support to Transitional Justice in Kosovo TVET – Technical and Vocational Training UN – United Nations UNESCO – UNGA – United Nations General Assembly United Nations
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