Gandhian Ideology and India's Foreign Policy

Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons

Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations

1969

Gandhian Ideology and India'S Foreign Policy

Jagannathan. Muthusamy Loyola University Chicago

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Recommended Citation Muthusamy, Jagannathan., "Gandhian Ideology and India'S Foreign Policy" (1969). Master's Theses. 2476. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/2476

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GANDHIAN IDI«>IOGY AND INDIA 1 S FOREIGN

POLICY

Jagannathan Muthusamy

A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Loyola University in partial tulf'illmen.t of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts.

December l, 1969 'l!ABLI OF COlfTllfTS

Chapter Page

I. IN'lRODUCTION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1

II. GANDHIAN IDliX>IDGY: ~JHAT IT !St •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• III. llIDIA 18 NOIWIOJ.mfT STRUGGLE FOR INDEPBWDDfCE: WllY DID IT 16 SUCCEED! •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

IV. INDIA •s FOREIGN POLICY: WHY nmIA IS HONALIGNEDt ••••••••••• 28 V. DmIA 'S RELATIONS 'Wl'l'H ITS NEIGHBORS. HAS THE CREED OF NON• VIOLmfCE FAILEI>t...... 45

VI. INDIA AND '?HE 'l'HIRD WORLD: WHAT IS ITS lMPOR'l'ANCE IN 'a!E WORLD SI'l'lJATION '!'ODAY~ ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 60 VII. CONCUJSION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 84 BIBLIOGRAPHY...... 91

- .... - The wrld today is in a state of continuing crisis. Like the sword of

Damacles, the nuclear weapons in the hands of the majorpowers pose a tllreat ot destruction of the hllll8n race as a Whole. In this world context India follows a foreign :poli".:Y based UPon t'b.e principles of non-alignment. In the cold war, India hes not taken aides with any Of the pawer blocs of the East or the West. India 1a not alone in this. Meny of the Af'ro..AsUm. countries which attained :f'reedan after the Second World l-kr have joined hends with India in adopting the policy of. n.on.-eligmrant in their respective countries. These countries coostitute the 'l'bil"d World. Tb.ere is both support for and oppcsition to this in the West.

An attempt is made in this thesis to explicate India• s foreign policy of non-alignment and the influence of Gandhian ideology at non-violence. In all the amiaisof hl.Ell8ll history, it was Mahtma Gandhi wo used the :principle of non-violence for a political purpose • to win freedan i'ran an alieu rule for his country. '?his was his greatest contribution to the world a.a a whole. If he was alive today he would strive with all the resources at his camnand to substitute moral warfare 1n the place of nuclear war.fare.

Critics of India repeat the slogan, "If you are not with us, You are againS' us." This is wrong. Those who have read and understood the history of dif• ferent nations will not subscribe to this view. The history of the United states itself is en instance :ln point. Under the Monroe Doctrine the United

- 1 - states followed a foreign policy of non-alig