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Monica Prasad Northwestern University Department of Sociology
SPRING 2016 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW COLLOQUIUM ON TAX POLICY AND PUBLIC FINANCE “The Popular Origins of Neoliberalism in the Reagan Tax Cut of 1981” Monica Prasad Northwestern University Department of Sociology May 3, 2016 Vanderbilt-208 Time: 4:00-5:50 pm Number 14 SCHEDULE FOR 2016 NYU TAX POLICY COLLOQUIUM (All sessions meet on Tuesdays from 4-5:50 pm in Vanderbilt 208, NYU Law School) 1. January 19 – Eric Talley, Columbia Law School. “Corporate Inversions and the unbundling of Regulatory Competition.” 2. January 26 – Michael Simkovic, Seton Hall Law School. “The Knowledge Tax.” 3. February 2 – Lucy Martin, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Political Science. “The Structure of American Income Tax Policy Preferences.” 4. February 9 – Donald Marron, Urban Institute. “Should Governments Tax Unhealthy Foods and Drinks?" 5. February 23 – Reuven S. Avi-Yonah, University of Michigan Law School. “Evaluating BEPS” 6. March 1 – Kevin Markle, University of Iowa Business School. “The Effect of Financial Constraints on Income Shifting by U.S. Multinationals.” 7. March 8 – Theodore P. Seto, Loyola Law School, Los Angeles. “Preference-Shifting and the Non-Falsifiability of Optimal Tax Theory.” 8. March 22 – James Kwak, University of Connecticut School of Law. “Reducing Inequality With a Retrospective Tax on Capital.” 9. March 29 – Miranda Stewart, The Australian National University. “Transnational Tax Law: Fiction or Reality, Future or Now?” 10. April 5 – Richard Prisinzano, U.S. Treasury Department, and Danny Yagan, University of California at Berkeley Economics Department, et al. “Business In The United States: Who Owns It And How Much Tax Do They Pay?” 11. -
2020-04-11 (April 11, 2020) Brought to You by SEPP ( the Science and Environmental Policy Project
The Week That Was: 2020-04-11 (April 11, 2020) Brought to You by SEPP (www.SEPP.org) The Science and Environmental Policy Project Quote of the Week: “In questions of science, the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a single individual.” – Galileo [International Space Hall of Fame] In Memory S. Fred Singer (Sept. 27, 1924 – April 6, 2020) A Quest for Knowledge: Show me your best data. (physical evidence) Fred Singer’s journey through physical science was marked by endless curiosity and the belief that physical evidence (data), not theory, were needed to resolve controversies in science. At the age of 16 he tackled the difficult Maxwell Equations that are the foundation of electromagnetism, of which visible light is a part. Singer’s Ph.D. thesis at Princeton was on then- poorly understood cosmic rays. His advisor was John Wheeler, who had worked with Niels Bohr in explaining nuclear fission with quantum physics. (All Wheeler’s students were a very exceptional cadre, including the Nobel laureate Richard Feynman.) Earlier, Bohr had a noted public dispute with Albert Einstein on quantum physics, after Einstein objected to the probabilistic view used, making precise prediction impossible. Bohr’s views are generally accepted and the great admiration he and Einstein had for each other remained. This is an outstanding example of scientists disagreeing publicly, without personal accusations, which are too common today. Singer was a pioneer in exploration of space, particularly the upper reaches of the atmosphere. He measured characteristics of cosmic radiation in the upper atmosphere, and discovered, or co- discovered, upper-atmospheric ozone, and the equatorial ‘electrojet current’ which intensifies the geomagnetic field. -
Title Search Realism
A New View of Science: Title Search Realism Naomi Oreskes Erik M. Conway Consensus and Dissent •Past several years: numerous talks on the scientific consensus on climate change •Focused on the epistemic basis for that consensus: evidence. • Crammed with “facts”… Carbon Dioxide as Greenhouse Gas • John Tyndall (1820-1893) • Established “greenhouse” properties of carbon dioxide, water in 1850s 1900s: Svante Arrhenius suggested that increased atmospheric CO2 from burning fossil fuels could warm Earth • Early calculations of effect of doubling CO2: – 1.5 -4.5 o C. • Swede.. Thought global warming would be a good thing… http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG14_19_05UN.JPG First empirical evidence of both increased CO2 and warming detected in 1930s by G.S. Callendar • Callendar argued that increase in CO2 was already occurring (in the 1930s). • Quarterly J. Royal Meteorological Society 64: 223 (1938) suggested that temperature might be increasing, too. • Wonderful new biography by J R CO2 inventory: Charles David Keeling Keeling curve began in 1958 as part of the IGY 1960s: Clear trend of increasing atmospheric CO2 “This generation has altered the composition of the atmosphere on a global scale through…a steady increase in carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels.” --Lyndon Johnson Special Message to Congress, 1965 By the 1970s, there was a consensus among scientific experts that, given the steady rise of CO2 that Keeling had demonstrated, that sooner or later global warming would occur: “A plethora of studies from diverse sources indicates a consensus that climate changes will result from man’s combustion of fossil fuels and changes in land use.” National Academy of Sciences Archives, An Evaluation of the Evidence for CO2-Induced Climate Change, Assembly of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Climate Research Board, Study Group on Carbon Dioxide, 1979, Film Label: CO2 and Climate Change: Ad Hoc: General Big question was when? Surprising answer: just a few years later…. -
Global Climate Coalition
Log in Page Discussion Read View source View history Search SourceWatch HELP CMD SHINE A LIGHT ON What Is CMD? CORRUPTION! Donate Here ALEC Exposed Outsourcing America Thanks to a $50,000 challenge grant, your gift will be matched 1- Exposed Koch Exposed to-1, so every dollar you give today will go twice as far! FrackSwarm CoalSwarm NFIB Exposed GIVE TODAY! Fix the Debt State Policy Network Recent Changes Global Climate Coalition Random page The Global Climate Coalition (GCC) was one of the most outspoken How To and confrontational industry groups in the United States battling Learn more from the Sign Up to Edit Center for Media and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Prior to its disbanding in early Democracy's research Contact Us 2002, it collaborated extensively with a network that included industry on climate change. Help Write History Research Corporations trade associations, "property rights" groups affiliated with the anti- Edit an Article environmental Wise Use movement, and fringe groups such as Correct Errors This article is Sovereignty International, which believes that global warming is a plot to part of the Search Effectively enslave the world under a United Nations-led "world government." Center for Media Find FAQs & Democracy's Explore Our Index Contents spotlight on front groups and Blow the Whistle 1 Personnel corporate spin. Find the Home Page 2 History Other Info 3 Excerpts from the GCC web site 4 Funding About SourceWatch About PRWatch 5 Internal Documents Search Categories 6 Case Studies Random Article 7 Contact Information 8 Other SourceWatch Related Resources Other Policies 9 External links Ground Rules Disclaimers Copyright Info Personnel Ads Glenn Kelly, Executive Director Gail McDonald, President William O'Keefe, Chairman, an executive for the American Petroleum Institute Tools Frank Maisano, Media Contact, is a member of the Potomac Communications Group, whose other clients What links here include Con Edison, the Edison Electric Institute, the Nuclear Energy Institute, the U.S. -
Media Locks in the New Narrative
7. Influences on a changed story and the new normal: media locks in the new narrative It was the biggest, most powerful spin campaign in Australian media history—the strategy was to delay action on greenhouse gas emissions until ‘coal was ready’—with geo-sequestration (burying carbon gases) and tax support. Alan Tate, ABC environment reporter 1990s On 23 September 2013 the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) program Media Watch explored a textbook example of why too many Australians and their politicians continue to stumble through a fog of confusion and doubt in regard to climate change. The case under the microscope typified irresponsible journalism. Media Watch host Paul Barry, with trademark irony, announced: ‘Yes it’s official at last … those stupid scientists on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] got it wrong’, in their latest assessment report. He quoted 2GB breakfast jock Chris Smith from a week earlier saying the IPCC had ‘fessed up’ that its computers had drastically overestimated rising temperatures. ‘That’s a relief,’ said Barry, and how do we know this? ‘Because Chris Smith read it on the front page of last Monday’s Australian newspaper. When it comes to rubbishing the dangers of man-made global warming the shock jocks certainly know who they can trust.’ But wait. The Australian’s story by Environment Editor Graham Lloyd—‘We got it wrong on warming says IPCC’ was not original either. According to Media Watch, Lloyd appeared to have based his story on a News Limited sister publication from the United Kingdom. Said Barry: ‘He’d read all about it in the previous day’s Mail on Sunday,’ which had a story headlined ‘The great green con’. -
Culture Wars' Reloaded: Trump, Anti-Political Correctness and the Right's 'Free Speech' Hypocrisy
The 'Culture Wars' Reloaded: Trump, Anti-Political Correctness and the Right's 'Free Speech' Hypocrisy Dr. Valerie Scatamburlo-D'Annibale University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada Abstract This article explores how Donald Trump capitalized on the right's decades-long, carefully choreographed and well-financed campaign against political correctness in relation to the broader strategy of 'cultural conservatism.' It provides an historical overview of various iterations of this campaign, discusses the mainstream media's complicity in promulgating conservative talking points about higher education at the height of the 1990s 'culture wars,' examines the reconfigured anti- PC/pro-free speech crusade of recent years, its contemporary currency in the Trump era and the implications for academia and educational policy. Keywords: political correctness, culture wars, free speech, cultural conservatism, critical pedagogy Introduction More than two years after Donald Trump's ascendancy to the White House, post-mortems of the 2016 American election continue to explore the factors that propelled him to office. Some have pointed to the spread of right-wing populism in the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis that culminated in Brexit in Europe and Trump's victory (Kagarlitsky, 2017; Tufts & Thomas, 2017) while Fuchs (2018) lays bare the deleterious role of social media in facilitating the rise of authoritarianism in the U.S. and elsewhere. Other 69 | P a g e The 'Culture Wars' Reloaded: Trump, Anti-Political Correctness and the Right's 'Free Speech' Hypocrisy explanations refer to deep-rooted misogyny that worked against Hillary Clinton (Wilz, 2016), a backlash against Barack Obama, sedimented racism and the demonization of diversity as a public good (Major, Blodorn and Blascovich, 2016; Shafer, 2017). -
In the News -- Jan. 29, 2007
District likely to ask for extension to meet standard BY STACEY SHEPARD, Californian staff writer Bakersfield Californian, Monday, Jan. 29, 2007 Valley air regulators will likely ask for a delay in meeting a federal air standard today. That's when the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District will release its latest draft plan for cleaning up ozone, the main ingredient in smog. The current deadline for reducing ozone to levels mandated by the federal government is 2013. "We really have a problem here that no one else in the country has to face," said Brenda Turner, a spokeswoman for the district. Ozone is created when nitrogen oxides -- emitted from vehicle tailpipes, factories and construction equipment -- react with sunlight. Increased ozone is known to aggravate lung disorders. Ozone tends to become trapped here because of the valley's shape, stagnant air and hot temperatures. To make the 2013 deadline, the valley must cut emissions by nearly 70 percent. To do that, the last version of the cleanup plan, released by the district in October, estimated it would take 7.5 billion in taxpayer dollars to fund incentive programs. Even if money weren't an issue, the district doesn't believe the technology is available yet to make the needed reductions by 2013, Turner said. That's why more time seems to be the only alternative. Potentially, the deadline could be extended out by 10 years to 2023. Doing so would drop the price to fund incentive programs to about $2 billion or less, air district officials have said. The state Air Resources Board decides whether to grant an extension. -
Front Matter, the Formation and Stocks of Total Capital
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital Volume Author/Editor: John W. Kendrick Volume Publisher: NBER Volume ISBN: 0-87014-271-2 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/kend76-1 Publication Date: 1976 Chapter Title: Front matter, The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital Chapter Author: John W. Kendrick Chapter URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c3803 Chapter pages in book: (p. -28 - 0) The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital John W. Kendrick THEGEORGE WASHINGTON UNiVERSITY Assisted by YvonneLethem and Jennifer Rowley NATIONALBUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH New York1976 DISTRIBUTED BY Columbia University Press New York and London Copyright © 1976 by the National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. AUrightsreserved. Printed in the United States of America. Designed by Jeffrey M. Barrie Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kendrick, John W. The formation and stocks of total capital. (General series—National Bureau of Economic Research; no. 100) Bibliography: p. 241 Includes index. 1. Capital—United States.2.Capital productivity— United States.3.Saving and investment—United States. I.Lethem, Yvonne, joint author.II.Rowley, Jennifer, joint author.III.Title.IV.Series:National Bureau of Economic Research.General series; no. 100. HC11O.C3K452 332'.041 76-20790 ISBN 0-87014-271-2 The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Number 100, General Series NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH OFFICERS Arthur F. Bums, Honorary Chairman Robert E. Lipsey, Director, International and J. Wilson Newman, Chairman Financial Studies Moses Abramovitz, Vice Chairman Harvey J. -
(A Thousand Points Of) Light on Biased Language
Shedding (a Thousand Points of) Light on Biased Language Tae Yano Philip Resnik School of Computer Science Department of Linguistics and UMIACS Carnegie Mellon University University of Maryland Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA College Park, MD 20742, USA [email protected] [email protected] Noah A. Smith School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA [email protected] Abstract To what extent a sentence or clause is biased (none, • somewhat, very); This paper considers the linguistic indicators of bias in political text. We used Amazon Mechanical Turk The nature of the bias (very liberal, moderately lib- • judgments about sentences from American political eral, moderately conservative, very conservative, bi- blogs, asking annotators to indicate whether a sen- ased but not sure which direction); and tence showed bias, and if so, in which political di- rection and through which word tokens. We also Which words in the sentence give away the author’s asked annotators questions about their own political • views. We conducted a preliminary analysis of the bias, similar to “rationale” annotations in Zaidan et data, exploring how different groups perceive bias in al. (2007). different blogs, and showing some lexical indicators strongly associated with perceived bias. For example, a participant might identify a moderate liberal bias in this sentence, 1 Introduction Without Sestak’s challenge, we would have Bias and framing are central topics in the study of com- Specter, comfortably ensconced as a Democrat munications, media, and political discourse (Scheufele, in name only. 1999; Entman, 2007), but they have received relatively adding checkmarks on the underlined words. -
Automated Tackling of Disinformation
Automated tackling of disinformation STUDY Panel for the Future of Science and Technology European Science-Media Hub EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA) PE 624.278 – March 2019 EN Automated tackling of disinformation Major challenges ahead This study maps and analyses current and future threats from online misinformation, alongside currently adopted socio-technical and legal approaches. The challenges of evaluating their effectiveness and practical adoption are also discussed. Drawing on and complementing existing literature, the study summarises and analyses the findings of relevant journalistic and scientific studies and policy reports in relation to detecting, containing and countering online disinformation and propaganda campaigns. It traces recent developments and trends and identifies significant new or emerging challenges. It also addresses potential policy implications for the EU of current socio-technical solutions. ESMH | European Science-Media Hub AUTHORS This study was written by Alexandre Alaphilippe, Alexis Gizikis and Clara Hanot of EU DisinfoLab, and Kalina Bontcheva of The University of Sheffield, at the request of the Panel for the Future of Science and Technology (STOA). It has been financed under the European Science and Media Hub budget and managed by the Scientific Foresight Unit within the Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services (EPRS) of the Secretariat of the European Parliament. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank all respondents to the online survey, as well as first draft, WeVerify, InVID, PHEME, REVEAL, and all other initiatives that contributed materials to the study. ADMINISTRATOR RESPONSIBLE Mihalis Kritikos, Scientific Foresight Unit To contact the publisher, please e-mail [email protected] LINGUISTIC VERSION Original: EN Manuscript completed in March 2019. -
Starr Forum: Russia's Information War on America
MIT Center for Intnl Studies | Starr Forum: Russia’s Information War on America CAROL Welcome everyone. We're delighted that so many people could join us today. Very SAIVETZ: excited that we have such a timely topic to discuss, and we have two experts in the field to discuss it. But before I do that, I'm supposed to tell you that this is an event that is co-sponsored by the Center for International Studies at MIT, the Security Studies program at MIT, and MIT Russia. I should also introduce myself. My name is Carol Saivetz. I'm a senior advisor at the Security Studies program at MIT, and I co-chair a seminar, along with my colleague Elizabeth Wood, whom we will meet after the talk. And we co-chair a seminar series called Focus on Russia. And this is part of that seminar series as well. I couldn't think of a better topic to talk about in the lead-up to the US presidential election, which is now only 40 days away. We've heard so much in 2016 about Russian attempts to influence the election then, and we're hearing again from the CIA and from the intelligence community that Russia is, again, trying to influence who shows up, where people vote. They are mimicking some of Donald Trump's talking points about Joe Biden's strength and intellectual capabilities, et cetera. And we've really brought together two experts in the field. Nina Jankowicz studies the intersection of democracy and technology in central and eastern Europe. -
President Trump's Campaign to Erase the Social Cost of Carbon
Hidden Costs: President Trump’s Campaign to Erase the Social Cost of Carbon By Alison Cassady April 19, 2017 On March 28, 2017, President Donald Trump signed an executive order that attempts to upend critical components of President Barack Obama’s Climate Action Plan.1 The sweeping executive order directs his Cabinet officials to review and potentially rescind several climate-related rules, including the Clean Power Plan, or CPP—which set the first-ever carbon pollution standards for power plants—and two rules establishing methane pollution limits for oil and gas drilling facilities. The order also ends a morato- rium on coal leasing on public lands, among other policy changes.2 Media coverage focused primarily on these significant rule reversals. But the executive order also rescinds what the chief economist of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisors called the “the most important figure you’ve never heard of”—the social cost of carbon, or SCC.3 The SCC reflects the marginal economic cost of adding one ton of carbon pollution to the atmosphere or, conversely, the economic benefit of removing one ton. President Obama established an interagency working group to develop the SCC so that federal agencies had a sound basis from which to quantify the benefits of policies to cut carbon pollution and justify those policies relative to their costs. The SCC is currently set at $39 per metric ton in 2007 dollars. Because the SCC plays a key role in validating federal climate policies, fossil fuel interests and their allies in conservative think tanks—many of whom served on the Trump admin- istration’s transition team—have been pushing to eliminate or lower the SCC value.4 The executive order rescinds the current SCC and provides agencies with direction that could result in a SCC value that approaches zero.