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17-2 NHS Review Jun 2017 NAVAL HISTORICAL REVIEW Patron: Vice Admiral T.W. Barrett, AO, CSC, RAN Chief of Navy Volume 38 No. 2 – June 2017 Contents Page The Bosun’s Call ............................................................................................................. ii HMAS Patricia Cam ........................................................................................................ 1 HDMLs, SDMLs and SDBs ......................................................................................... 7 The Gospel of St John and LCDR Donald McKenzie RAN ...............................10 The Ship that started the Second World War ..........................................................13 The ‘Battle’ of May Island ...........................................................................................16 Antarctica – the forgotten Continent ........................................................................21 CMDR Frederick Campbell Darley, RN ..................................................................27 The History of HMAS Leeuwin ...................................................................................33 Secret Devices used to defeat Napoleon ..................................................................36 Book Club ......................................................................................................................41 Letters to the Editor ....................................................................................................44 Editor (and Bosun): Walter Burroughs Assistant (and Bosun’s Mate): Doris Shearman All rights reserved. Reproduction in part or whole is forbidden without the express permission in writing of the Society. Opinions expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the Society. The Editor of the Review is available to offer advice to prospective contributors. Contact: The Editor, The Boatshed, Building 25, Garden Island, NSW 2011 Phone: 02 9359 2372/2243. Fax: 02 9359 2383 Email: [email protected] Website: www.navyhistory.org.au ii Naval Historical Review June 2017 The Bosun’s Call: This edition focuses attention on those smaller and sometimes forgotten naval craft. In particular your editor was pleased to get from behind his desk and accept an invitation by the East Arnhem Land Regional Council to attend an Anzac Day ceremony at Yirrkala (near Gove) which also marked the unveiling of a monument to commemorate the loss of HMAS Patricia Cam in these waters nearly 75 years ago. This moving ceremony was possibly unique as it cemented bonds between proud local indigenous people and the naval community who had both lost kin when the ship was bombed and sunk by a Japanese aircraft. The Patricia Cam survivors landed on the northern end of Guluwutu Island in the We have numerous other stories ranging Wessel Islands. The southern end of the from a discussion on our continuing same island is (or was) well known to patrol involvement in the vast unknowns of boat crews who fancy excitement with a fast Antarctica to looking back at Junior Recruit trip through the ‘Hole in the Wall’. training in the early years of HMAS Leeuwin, The opportunity was also taken to visit noting plans have recently been announced the local NORFORCE (North-west Mobile for redevelopment of the ex-Leeuwin site. Force) headquarters at Nhulunbuy where For those interested in cloak and dagger the Naval Cadet Unit TS Melville Bay shares activities the Secret Devices used to defeat facilities. Napoleon will not disappoint, providing At Darwin, calls were made on the Patrol excellent examples on the art of code Boat Force Commander, Captain Jason breaking. The ‘Battle’ of May Island tells us Hunter, RAN, at his Larrakeyah Barracks how not to organise a major fleet exercise – headquarters to briefly view the base. but could this happen again? Perhaps now Possibly not widely known is that over 600 forgotten is Commander Frederick Darley, naval men and women are based in the one of the founding fathers of HMAS Territory either doing plenty of sea-time in Cerberus, his relatively short life was patrol boats or ashore at HMAS Coonawarra. inspirational. An interesting artefact, a copy Finally a visit was made to the new of The Gospel of St John, was recently received commercial port at East Arm. Near here, by the Society; these were presented to adjacent to the old Catalina flying boat members of the ships’ companies of HMA ramp, now lies the wreck of HDML 1321. Ships Australia and Sydney at the start of their With local interest in her restoration, United first commission in 1913. We finish our saga States Marines transiting through the with a short story for trivia devotees on The Territory have kindly provided aid in helping Ship that started the Second World War. lighten the vessel by removing several tons Walter Burroughs, Editor and Bosun of ballast, in the form of 50 pound BHP Doris Shearman, Assistant Editor and lead ingots, from her hull. Bosun’s Mate Naval Historical Review June 2017 1 HMAS Patricia Cam Graeme Andrews, one of our long serving members with a sharp wit and fine pen, wrote an excellent article, Cam’s Trawlers, first published in the May 2006 edition of Afloat magazine. After checking with Graeme, much of the history of this company is taken from this article. Another primary source is a 1983 biography by John Leggoe, Trying to be Sailors, which graphically covers the late author’s time as First Lieutenant of HMAS Patricia Cam during her last fateful voyage. This is further supported by discussions with his surviving daughter Margaret Leggoe. Sydney Fishing Fleets Before the Second World War there were surplus coal going to the open market. two main fishing fleets operating from In 1939 Carlo went to Europe intending Sydney, the Red Funnel Trawlers and those to invest in modern ships and canning of Cam & Sons. Red Funnel operated out of equipment. On his return, with war looming, Woolloomooloo Bay, now home of the he took the precaution of changing his name Fleet Base East, while Cam’s base was at by deed poll and Carlo Caminiti became Blackwattle Bay near the eastern end of the Charles Cam. Further proofing the business old Glebe Island swing bridge. against alien discrimination he appointed his Rocco Caminiti arrived in New South son-in-law, John Reid, as General Manager. Wales in 1881 seeking to escape his The intended new ships never arrived, homeland’s political turmoil and establish a and in late 1939 and early 1940 the new life (this has a familiar ring). He first Commonwealth requisitioned all but one of took up farming but later became a Cam’s fleet of steam trawlers which were commercial fisherman. In 1907 Rocco died commissioned into the RAN as auxiliary aged 58, leaving a wife, five sons and two minesweepers. However with the wartime daughters. One of his sons, Carlo, continued influx of population to the big cities there harbour fishing and in addition, in 1913, was an increased demand for fish. To make opened a fish shop in Drummoyne, starting good this shortfall several new vessels were a thriving new business. ordered from local yards to be built as In those days there was a NSW wooden motor ships. The first and biggest Government State Fishery, but in 1923 the was Patricia Cam, but in 1942 she too was fleet was privatised and the boats placed on requisitioned into the RAN. In the same year the market (again a familiar theme). Carlo a similar fate awaited John Reid Cam which had sufficient funds to buy the trawler was taken over by the United States Army. Goonambee and a second vessel was purchased the following year. From these HMAS Patricia Cam beginnings Carlo Caminiti developed his Built as part of a Federal Government fishing fleet. scheme to promote Australian hardwood They weathered the Great Depression shipbuilding, Patricia Cam was a 121 foot and in 1934 the company was reconstituted (37 m) long wooden hulled ship of 300 tons as Cam & Sons Ltd. An expanding fleet constructed by the well-known building yard took on the names of many family members of Beattie Bros. at Brisbane Waters, NSW. which included Alfie Cam, Olive Cam and Fitted with two American manufactured Mary Cam. As these were all coal burners, to Fairbanks-Morse 160 HP diesel engines she secure economical supplies and diversify, a had an optimistic designed speed of 10 colliery near Swansea was leased with knots. The Gosford Times & Wyong District 2 Naval Historical Review June 2017 trucks would drive out to her to load and discharge cargo. On 12 October 1942 command of this hard working vessel passed to a 41 year old seasoned master mariner with plentiful experience in the Pacific islands, Lieutenant Alexander (Sandy) Meldrum, RANR. Just before her final voyage a new First Patricia Cam under construction by Beattie Bros. at Lieutenant, Sub Lieutenant John Leggoe, Brisbane Waters, NSW RANVR was appointed. John was a 32 year Graeme Andrews Collection old journalist who had joined under the Advocate announced her launching on ‘Yachtsmen Scheme’ which by this time was Saturday 30 November 1940 as a tuna training new entries at HMAS Cerberus and fishing vessel capable of carrying 250 tons of then sending them to join small ships. fish. Far from being a fishing boat, she was On yet another routine patrol, Patricia used as a collier carrying coal from Cam’s Cam left Darwin in the early hours of mine at Lake Macquarie, through the 13 January 1943. After one intermediate channel at Swansea, to their depot at stop she arrived at Milingimbi Mission on 20 Blackwattle Bay. January and
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