UNIT #2 – INDUSTRIALIZATION

LESSON #2 - New Inventions and Free Enterprise (94-95) New Plan for Composition Book:

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS NEW VOCABULARY 1. What was America’s • Thomas Edison role in the “second” • Menlo Park industrial revolution? • Alexander Graham Bell 2. What type of man was • Laissez-Faire the typical • entrepreneur in this Free Enterprise System time? • Entrepreneurs Intro to lesson

• What is an invention? • Give examples. • What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen? • What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen? • What SHOULD be invented? Intro to lesson

• What is an invention? • Give examples. • What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen? • What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen? • What SHOULD be invented, that nobody’s yet done successfully? Start of Industrial Revolution (England, 1750) • Most people were living on farms 3m • Life was hard, but families were close • Population explosion in late 1700s led to: – Lots of people willing to work for cheap • Too many people on farms to sustain population • People moved to cities, for new opportunity – Lots of people needing products • From this, the Industrial Revolution was born The “second” Industrial Revolution • Immigration and births after Civil War (in USA) • American industry EXPLODED • Great men with great minds and great ideas appeared • They were usually born poor • But saw opportunity • Worked hard • Demanded excellence • And became self made millionaires • Powerful… rich men • Others invented amazing new inventions… Inventors of America • Thomas Edison – “The Wizard of Menlo Park” (NJ • Research facility – Famous from invention of phonograph (1877) – And lightbulb (1879)

• Alexander Graham Bell – Experimented with transmitting sound – Invented the telephone (1876) Other big American inventions • In Menlo Park – Battery – Motion picture • Cyrus Field – Trans-Atlantic cable (1866) • George Westinghouse (Wm Tesla) – Alternating Current (safe electricity) • Thaddeus Lowe – Ice machine (1865) • Home inventions – Dishwasher, washing machine, power sewing machine What did these other men invent? (find out on p. 94) Free Enterprise • Early business owners worked hard to get rich • They resented any government interference – LASSEZ-FAIRE – Government should keep hands OFF business – Believed competition would regulate price – Believed this way promoted wealth for all Free Enterprise

• People willing to risk their $$ to make it rich were called ENTREPRENEURS • USA became one of biggest trade centers in the world during and after Civil War

Are YOU willing to make such an investment in yourself…

… and your future?

Carnegie Vanderbilt Rockefeller 1:30-8:30