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2019-2020 Undergraduate Catalog Alfred University Undergraduate Catalog 2019-2020 1
2019-2020 Undergraduate Catalog Alfred University Undergraduate Catalog 2019-2020 1 Table of Contents Alfred at a Glance Alfred University Vision, Mission and Values Academic Calendars Campus Map, Location and Directions Admissions Tuition and Fees Financial Aid Policies Student Life Consumer Complaint Procedure Student Rights under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act Academics.................................................................................................................................................................2 Academic Regulations Degree Requirements.............................................................................................................................................2 General Education Goals .......................................................................................................................................2 Credits, Grades and Grade Point Average (GPA) ..................................................................................................3 Transfer Credit and Credit by Exam ......................................................................................................................4 Credit by Exam ...........................................................................................................................................5, 12-14 Academic Standing (Scholastic Standards)............................................................................................................6 Academic Honors ..................................................................................................................................................6 -
Pain Management E-Book
VetEdPlus E-BOOK RESOURCES Pain Management E-Book WHAT’S INSIDE Gabapentin and Amantadine for Chronic Pain: Is Your Dose Right? Grapiprant for Control of Osteoarthritis Pain in Dogs Use of Acupuncture for Pain Management Regional Anesthesia for the Dentistry and Oral Surgery Patient A SUPPLEMENT TO Laser Therapy for Treatment of Joint Disease in Dogs and Cats Manipulative Therapies for Hip and Back Hypomobility in Dogs E-BOOK PEER REVIEWED CONTINUING EDUCATION Gabapentin and Amantadine for Chronic Pain: Is Your Dose Right? Tamara Grubb, DVM, PhD, DACVAA Associate Professor, Anesthesia and Analgesia Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine Pain is not always a bad thing, and all pain is not Untreated or undertreated pain can cause myriad the same. Acute (protective) pain differs from adverse effects, including but not limited to chronic (maladaptive) pain in terms of function insomnia, anorexia, immunosuppression, and treatment. This article describes the types of cachexia, delayed wound healing, increased pain pain, the reasons why chronic pain can be sensation, hypertension, and behavior changes difficult to treat, and the use of gabapentin and that can lead to changes in the human–animal amantadine for treatment of chronic pain. bond.2 Hence, we administer analgesic drugs to patients with acute pain, not to eliminate the protective portion but to control the pain ACUTE PAIN beyond that needed for protection (i.e., the pain Acute pain in response to tissue damage is often that negatively affects normal physiologic called protective pain because it causes the processes and healing). This latter type of pain patient to withdraw tissue that is being damaged decreases quality of life without providing any to protect it from further injury (e.g., a dog adaptive protective mechanisms and is thus withdrawing a paw after it steps on something called maladaptive pain. -
Family Generations Stay with the Gentle Giants
Family Generations Stay With the Gentle Giants Kelly McCarthy, Writer Louisville, KY - November 16, 2013 – Today at the North American International Livestock Exposition (NAILE), the Draft Horse Show came to a close after two days of impressive competition. Alternating with the action-packed Cowboy Mounted Shooting Classes, draft horses and their exhibitors provided spectacular entertainment for audiences in Freedom Hall. After the first round of Ladies Mounted Shooting, a two horse hitch entered the arena pulling more than just a carriage and its passengers… but also a legacy. While the Minniear’s Belgian horses are beautiful in all their glory, the family’s history with Belgian draft horses is something beautiful as well. Mike and Glenna Minniear, competing in the North American International from Goodland, IN, have made showing their draft horses a family affair. The Honey Locust Belgians began with Mike Minniear’s grandfather and uncle in the 1950’s, who started using horses in competitive pulling. Since then, Mike and Glenna have taken over and, after showing competitively themselves, have ignited a passion for draft horses in the rest of their family. The couples’ grandsons, Austin and Joel Huff, have also become involved in the draft horse showing community, making them the fourth generation since the founding of the Honey Locust Belgians. Appearing together while showing in horse hitch classes, the brothers take the reins for certain events. Austin Huff, 18, drives the carriage for the six horse and unicorn hitches, while Joel, 16, takes the lead during four horse hitches and the cart classes. Since their start in the draft horse community, the Minniear’s have always kept Belgians in their barn. -
A Review of the Effects of Pain and Analgesia on Immune System Function and Inflammation: Relevance for Preclinical Studies
Comparative Medicine Vol 69, No 6 Copyright 2019 December 2019 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 520–534 Overview A Review of the Effects of Pain and Analgesia on Immune System Function and Inflammation: Relevance for Preclinical Studies George J DeMarco1* and Elizabeth A Nunamaker2 One of the most significant challenges facing investigators, laboratory animal veterinarians, and IACUCs, is how to bal- ance appropriate analgesic use, animal welfare, and analgesic impact on experimental results. This is particularly true for in vivo studies on immune system function and inflammatory disease. Often times the effects of analgesic drugs on a particu- lar immune function or model are incomplete or don’t exist. Further complicating the picture is evidence of the very tight integration and bidirectional functionality between the immune system and branches of the nervous system involved in nociception and pain. These relationships have advanced the concept of understanding pain as a protective neuroimmune function and recognizing pathologic pain as a neuroimmune disease. This review strives to summarize extant literature on the effects of pain and analgesia on immune system function and inflammation in the context of preclinical in vivo studies. The authors hope this work will help to guide selection of analgesics for preclinical studies of inflammatory disease and immune system function. Abbreviations and acronyms: CB,Endocannabinoid receptor; CD,Crohn disease; CFA, Complete Freund adjuvant; CGRP,Calcitonin gene-related -
Grapiprant: an EP4 Prostaglandin Receptor Antagonist and Novel Therapy for Pain and Inflammation
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.13 Review Grapiprant: an EP4 prostaglandin receptor antagonist and novel therapy for pain and inflammation † Kristin Kirkby Shaw , Lesley C. Rausch-Derra* and Linda Rhodes* † *Aratana Therapeutics, Inc., Kansas City, Kansas, USA and Animal Surgical Clinic of Seattle, Seattle, Washington, USA Abstract There are five active prostanoid metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) that have widespread and varied physio- logic functions throughout the body, including regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal blood flow, renal haemo- dynamics and primary haemostasis. Each prostanoid has at least one distinct receptor that mediates its action. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a prostanoid that serves important homeostatic functions, yet is also responsible for regulating pain and inflammation. PGE2 binds to four receptors, of which one, the EP4 receptor, is primar- ily responsible for the pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis (OA). The deleterious and patho- logic actions of PGE2 are inhibited in varying degrees by steroids, aspirin and cyclo-oxygenase inhibiting NSAIDs; however, administration of these drugs causes decreased production of PGE2, thereby decreasing or eliminating the homeostatic functions of the molecule. By inhibiting just the EP4 receptor, the homeostatic function of PGE2 is better maintained. This manuscript will introduce a new class of pharmaceuticals known as the piprant class. Piprants are prostaglandin receptor antagonists (PRA). This article will include basic physiol- ogy of AA, prostanoids and piprants, will review available evidence for the relevance of EP4 PRAs in rodent models of pain and inflammation, and will reference available data for an EP4 PRA in dogs and cats. Piprants are currently in development for veterinary patients and the purpose of this manuscript is to introduce veteri- narians to the class of drugs, with emphasis on an EP4 PRA and its potential role in the control of pain and inflammation associated with OA in dogs and cats. -
GALLIPRANT; INN: Grapiprant
9 November 2017 EMA/747932/2017 Veterinary Medicines Division Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use CVMP assessment report for GALLIPRANT (EMEA/V/C/004222/0000) International non-proprietary name: grapiprant Assessment report as adopted by the CVMP with all information of a commercially confidential nature deleted. 30 Churchill Place ● Canary Wharf ● London E14 5EU ● United Kingdom Telephone +44 (0)20 3660 6000 Facsimile +44 (0)20 3660 5555 Send a question via our website www.ema.europa.eu/contact An agency of the European Union © European Medicines Agency, 2018. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 4 Scientific advice ........................................................................................................................ 4 MUMS/limited market status ...................................................................................................... 4 Part 1 - Administrative particulars ......................................................................................... 5 Detailed description of the pharmacovigilance system ................................................................... 5 Manufacturing authorisations and inspection status ....................................................................... 5 Overall conclusions on administrative particulars ......................................................................... -
Hip Dysplasia: Understanding a Very Misunderstood Puppy Abnormality
PET OWNER SERIES Congenital Hip Dysplasia: Understanding a very misunderstood puppy abnormality It is worth noting at the outset that all orthopedic conditions and post-operative recoveries are made worse by an obese or over-weight body condition. Since dogs come in all shapes and sizes, even within one breed, body weight is a difficult variable to guide. Body "condition" is easier to evaluate and recognize when "ideal". Also worth noting is that carrying excess fat tissue is not “bad” just because the animal is “heavy”, but probably more importantly because fat tissue is pro-inflammatory. It is an active, dynamic group of cells throughout the body that, when in excess, accelerates many degenerative processes leading to disease and injury. A lifetime-study of a large group of dogs demonstrated that lean dogs lived almost two years longer than their genetically similar overweight counterparts! The "ideal" body condition is leaner than you think. Very few dogs these days are ideal (65% are overweight or obese), so our frame of reference is skewed. To evaluate body condition, you use your eyes and hands. You should be able to feel the ribs, pelvic bones and shoulder bones easily, but not see them. You should be able to see (or feel in the fluffy dogs) a "waist" behind the ribs when viewed from the top. You should be able to see the belly tuck up behind the ribs when viewed from the side. Hip dysplasia is a common developmental problem in large breed dogs that is both hereditary and affected by nutrition, body weight and activity level. -
Galliprant (Grapiprant Tablets) for Oral Use in Dogs Only 20 Mg, 60 Mg
GALLIPRANT- grapiprant tablet Elanco US Inc. ---------- Galliprant® (grapiprant tablets) For oral use in dogs only 20 mg, 60 mg and 100 mg flavored tablets A prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP4 receptor antagonist; a non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Caution: Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Description: GALLIPRANT (grapiprant tablets) is a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP4 receptor antagonist; a non- cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibiting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the piprant class. GALLIPRANT is a flavored, oval, biconvex, beige to brown in color, scored tablet debossed with a “G” that contains grapiprant and desiccated pork liver as the flavoring agent. The molecular weight of grapiprant is 491.61 Daltons. The empirical formula is C26H29N5O3S. Grapiprant is N-[[[2-[4-(2-Ethyl-4,6-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c] pyridin-1- yl)phenyl]ethyl]amino]carbonyl]-4 methylbenzenesulfonamide. The structural formula is: Indication: GALLIPRANT (grapiprant tablets) is indicated for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs. Dosage and Administration: Always provide “Information for Dog Owners” Sheet with prescription. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual response. The dose of GALLIPRANT (grapiprant tablets) is 0.9 mg/lb (2 mg/kg) once daily. Only the 20 mg and 60 mg tablets of GALLIPRANT are scored. The dosage should be calculated in half tablet increments. Dogs less than 8 lbs. (3.6 kgs) cannot be accurately dosed. Dosing Chart Dose Weight in pounds Weight in 20 mg tablet 60 mg tablet 100 mg tablet kilograms 8-15 3.6-6.8 0.5 0.9 mg/lb (2 15.1-30 6.9-13.6 1 mg/kg) once 30.1-45 13.7-20.4 0.5 daily 45.1-75 20.5-34 1 75.1-150 34.1-68 1 The 100 mg tablet is not scored and should not be broken in half. -
The Martin Messenger
The Martin Messenger A monthly newsletter for Martin Community College November 2017 Martin Sworn in as new Clerk of Simpson MCC Office Administration stu- dent, and Stokes resident, Elaine Martin was sworn in as the Clerk and Finance Officer for the village of Simpson on October 30. Simpson’s Mayor, David Boyd, (pictured above Inside this issue: and middle right with Martin) adminis- October Trustee Meeting 2-3 tered the oath of office and officially PTA Rubs the Right Way! 4 welcomed her to the staff. BLET starts in January 4 The village of Simpson is located Academic Skills Lab 5 in Pitt County, a few miles east of Cynthia Price returns 5 Greenville. U.S. Census data from Summer comes in Fall 5 2010 estimates the population of the Christmas committee 5 village to be 416. Simpson is a part of SGA Fall Fest 6 the Greenville Metropolitan Area. New horse feeders 7 If Martin looks familiar, that’s be- Checking on Cash 7 cause she has been working for sev- Maintenance miracle 8 eral months as the night receptionist Campus renovations 9 at MCC. “Her pleasant and helpful Real Crisis Center 9 demeanor will serve her well as a AAQHC Horse Show 10 public administrator,” according to for- mer Mayor of Washington and MCC SECU Scholarships 11 PR Director Judy Jennette. MCC Foundation Rodeo 12 Municipal and county clerks are New CJT program on go! 13 the back bone of well run govern- Foundation Trips 13 ment. In North Carolina, cities and 14-15 LCAC Halloween Contest counties are required by law to have a Matthews in NCCCLP 16 clerk for their governing boards. -
Simultaneous Quantitation of Lipid Biomarkers for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using LC–MS/MS
H OH metabolites OH Article Simultaneous Quantitation of Lipid Biomarkers for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using LC–MS/MS Yashpal S. Chhonker 1 , Shrey Kanvinde 2, Rizwan Ahmad 3, Amar B. Singh 3,4,5, David Oupický 2,4 and Daryl J. Murry 1,4,* 1 Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; [email protected] 2 Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (D.O.) 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; [email protected] (R.A.); [email protected] (A.B.S.) 4 Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA 5 VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-402-559-3790 or +1-402-559-2430 Abstract: Eicosanoids are key mediators and regulators of inflammation and oxidative stress that are often used as biomarkers for severity and therapeutic responses in various diseases. We here report a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of at least 66 key eicosanoids in a widely used murine model of colitis. Chromatographic separation was achieved with Shim-Pack XR-ODSIII, 150 × 2.00 mm, 2.2 µm. The mobile phase was operated in gradient conditions and consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid in water with a total flow of 0.37 mL/min. -
3699 Galliprant PI 240X220mm 2016.Indd
® medication is needed after a daily dose of GALLIPRANT, a non-NSAID/ GALLIPRANT (grapiprant tablets) non-corticosteroid class of analgesic may be necessary. For oral use in dogs only The concomitant use of protein-bound drugs with GALLIPRANT has not been 20 mg, 60 mg and 100 mg flavored tablets studied. Commonly used protein-bound drugs include cardiac, anticonvulsant and behavioral medications. A prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP4 receptor antagonist; a non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal Drug compatibility should be monitored in patients requiring adjunctive therapy. anti-inflammatory drug Consider appropriate washout times when switching from one anti-inflammatory to another or when switching from corticosteroids or COX-inhibiting NSAIDs Caution: to GALLIPRANT use. Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. The use of GALLIPRANT in dogs with cardiac disease has not been studied. Description: It is not known whether dogs with a history of hypersensitivity to sulfonamide drugs will exhibit hypersensitivity to GALLIPRANT. GALLIPRANT is a GALLIPRANT® (grapiprant tablets) is a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP4 receptor antagonist; a non-cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibiting, non-steroidal anti- methylbenzenesulfonamide. inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the piprant class. GALLIPRANT is a flavored, Adverse Reactions: oval, biconvex, beige to brown in color, scored tablet debossed with a “G” In a controlled field study, 285 dogs were evaluated for safety when given that contains grapiprant and desiccated pork liver as the flavoring agent. either GALLIPRANT or a vehicle control (tablet minus grapiprant) at a dose of The molecular weight of grapiprant is 491.61 Daltons. The empirical formula 2 mg/kg (0.9 mg/lb) once daily for 28 days. -
CVHA Newsletter January 2014
CVHA Newsletter Official Publication of Central Valley Harness Association January 2014 3UHVLGHQW·V0HVVDJH Greetings to all CVHA members! Hopefully you were able to do some driving over the holidays. A few of us had an impromptu idea for driving on New Year's Day, thanks to Phyllis Rumley. We met at Verde View Farm and drove through the nearby orange orchards and along the Fancher Creek canal. Phyllis led the way with her intrepid Welsh Cob, Ty, followed by Lois Patten and her Welsh Pony, Flower. Kathleen Rose and her intrepid mini, Romeo, brought up a veryclose rear - he was a real trooper. Passengers were Sharon Booth, and Brent Patten on Ty's marathon carriage, and Dee Douglas with Lois in her Road Cart. It seemed as if we trotted undisturbed for miles. There were no issues encountered and everyone had a wonderful time, including a sip of the bubbly afterward. If anyone would like to be on a list of impromptu invitees to such a drive, please let me or Phyllis know. We also had a chance to utilize our new Fresno County Horse Park memberships this weekend. Phyllis is preparing for moving up to Preliminary Level for the CDE season, by breaking in her new navigator Kathleen. (I think Kathleen's eyes were twice as large after Phyllis cantered several times through the big water hazard!) I took my Norwegian Fjord pony, Buttercup, out for her first long trot since being sick. Everything went smoothly, no glitches or conflicts with the handful of eventers who were out there training.