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Rapport Final Evaluation Initiale Du Projet De Résilience Dans Le Sud (Care/Echo Sud)

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Rapport Final Evaluation Initiale Du Projet De Résilience Dans Le Sud (Care/Echo Sud) 2016 EVALUATION INITIALE DU PROJET DE RÉSILIENCE DANS LE SUD (CARE/ECHO SUD) Projet de redressement et de renforcement de la capacité de résilience des communautés les plus vulnérables affectées par le choc climatique dans le District d’Ambovombe Androy RAPPORT FINAL Vero Ravon Rambato RANDRIAMOELIARIVONY Alfred Consultant 12/12/2016 0 Rapport de l’évaluation initiale du projet de résilience dans le Sud / ECHO Sud Novembre 2016 RANDRIAMOELIARIVONY Alfred Consultant 1 Rapport de l’évaluation initiale du projet de résilience dans le Sud / ECHO Sud Novembre 2016 Table des matières Résumé ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Méthodologie utilisée......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Rappel des grandes lignes de l’approche et méthodologie suivis par le consultant ....................... 13 La phase de documentation .......................................................................................................................................... 15 La mise en œuvre du plan de collecte et d’exploitation des données ..................................................... 16 Déroulement de la collecte des données ........................................................................................................... 16 L’exploitation des données ...................................................................................................................................... 20 Constats et remarques sur l’évaluation .................................................................................................................... 22 I. LES PRINCIPAUX RESULTATS DE L’EVALUATION ................................................................................ 24 1.1. LES RESULTATS DES ENTRETIENS AUPRES DES PERSONNES RESSOURCES ................... 24 1.1.1. La disparité des interventions d’urgence dans le Sud ........................................................... 24 1.1.2. La femme et la société ............................................................................................................................ 26 1.1.3. L’accès à l’eau et la responsabilité des femmes dans la gestion de l’eau ..................... 26 1.1.4. Le peuple de l’Androy ............................................................................................................................. 27 1.1.5. Les villages les plus impactés par l’insécurité alimentaire ................................................. 28 1.1.6. Stratégie de prévention locale pour faire face aux aléas ...................................................... 30 1.1.7. Implication d’autres acteurs dans la Réduction des Risques due à la sécheresse .. 31 1.2. LES RESUTATS DES ENQUETES MENAGES........................................................................................... 32 1.2.1. Typologie des ménages .......................................................................................................................... 33 1.2.2. L’accès aux services de base................................................................................................................ 34 1.2.3. L’insécurité alimentaire dans les ménages ................................................................................. 36 1.2.4. Les moyens d’existence ......................................................................................................................... 41 1.2.5. La structure agraire et production alimentaire ........................................................................ 44 II. ANALYSE DE LA SITUATION INITIALE DU PROJET ECHO Sud........................................................ 47 2.1. Situation socioéconomique actuelle.......................................................................................................... 47 2.1.1. Insécurité alimentaire et niveau de vulnérabilité.................................................................... 47 2.1.2. Disponibilité et accessibilité des aliments de base ................................................................. 47 2.1.3. Accès à l’eau ................................................................................................................................................. 48 2.1.4. Accès aux services de santé ................................................................................................................. 49 2.1.5. Source de revenus .................................................................................................................................... 49 2.2. Tableau récapitulatif des indicateurs ....................................................................................................... 50 2.3. Les éventuels facteurs bloquants du projet .......................................................................................... 62 2.3.1. Le manque de synergie des réponses aux urgences dans le Sud ..................................... 62 2.3.2. Les écueils sur le plan institutionnel et structurel existants.............................................. 62 2.3.3. Le raketa mena, ou la peste végétale du Sud .............................................................................. 62 2.3.4. La sécheresse et le vent « tieakatimo ».......................................................................................... 63 2.4. Les facteurs de réussite ................................................................................................................................... 64 III. LE PLAN DE SUIVI-EVALUATION A METTRE EN PLACE .................................................................... 65 3.1. Le Projet CARE Echo Sud................................................................................................................................. 65 3.1.1. Présentation du Projet CARE Echo Sud ......................................................................................... 65 3.1.2. Mise en œuvre du Projet CARE Echo Sud ..................................................................................... 65 3.1.3. Chaîne de résultats ................................................................................................................................... 66 3.1.4. Le champ du système de suivi évaluation.................................................................................... 67 3.2. Les principes du système S&E ...................................................................................................................... 67 3.3. Suivi du projet CARE Echo Sud .................................................................................................................... 67 RANDRIAMOELIARIVONY Alfred Consultant 2 Rapport de l’évaluation initiale du projet de résilience dans le Sud / ECHO Sud Novembre 2016 3.3.1. Le tableau de bord des indicateurs ................................................................................................. 67 3.3.3. Chronogramme du suivi évaluation ................................................................................................ 68 3.4. Activités ad hoc de suivi évaluation .......................................................................................................... 69 IV. CONCLUSIONS ET RECOMMANDATIONS ................................................................................................... 70 ANNEXES .................................................................................................................................................................................. 76 Annexe 1 : Les termes de référence de l’évaluation ........................................................................................ 77 Annexe 2 : CV des évaluateurs.................................................................................................................................... 83 Annexe 3 : Liste des personnes et organisations consultées.................................................................... 108 Annexe 4 : Références documentaires .................................................................................................................. 109 Annexe 5 : Autres annexes techniques.................................................................................................................. 110 5.1. Liste des enquêteurs recrutés avec leurs références ................................................................... 110 5.2. Méthodologie de ciblage par le PAM ....................................................................................................... 111 5.3. TABLEAUX D’ANALYSE .................................................................................................................................. 114 RANDRIAMOELIARIVONY Alfred Consultant 3 Rapport de l’évaluation initiale du projet de résilience dans le Sud / ECHO Sud Novembre 2016 Résumé Le projet CARE / Echo Sud est un projet de redressement et de renforcement de la capacité de résilience des communautés les plus vulnérables affectées par le choc climatique dans le District d’Ambovombe Androy. Ce district se trouve dans la région Sud de Madagascar qui a été, depuis
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