LATIN I MASTERY LIST

This is the information that you should know at the beginning of second year. We will spend a week or so reviewing – but it would be a good idea to go over this material before returning to school.

NOUNS • Memorize endings of declensions 1-5, including neuters • Know that the genitive case gives the noun stem • Know the case usage: Nominative: subject, complement Genitive: possession (“of”) Dative: indirect object (“to/for”) Accusative: direct object, object of preposition Ablative: object of preposition, time when, time within which, means/ instrument, agent Vocative: direct address

VERBS • Principal parts of four conjugations • Tenses – know how to recognize, translate and form Present Future Pluperfect Imperfect Perfect Future Perfect • Irregular verbs (all tenses) - sum, eo, fero • Imperative mood

ADJECTIVES • 1st/2nd declension (us, a, um) and 3rd declension (is, is, e) • Agreement with nouns: gender, number and case

PREPOSITIONS • Prepositions that take the accusative case: ad, in, per, post, prope, propter, apud • Prepositions that take the ablative case: a/ab, cum, de, e/ex, in, sine, sub

SCHEMATIZING • Use declensions to accurately schematize (see attached sheet)

SCHEMATIZING

Schematizing involves: 1. breaking down the sentence into smaller parts 2. identifying the key parts of the sentence (verb/subject/direct object)

verb = main verb of the clause

noun/pron. and modifiers = subject or word related to subject

noun/pron. and modifiers = direct object or word related to d. o.

noun/pron. and modifiers = indirect object or word related to i. o.

noun/pron. and modifiers = ablative (not in a prepositional phrase)

noun/pron. and modifiers = complement/predicate nominative

= pause in the sentence: colon, semicolon, comma, etc.

= subordinate clause (relative clause, eg.)

preposition + noun/pron. = prepositional phrase

= points to a word read after, often genitive

infinitive = complementary, objective or subjective

5 steps to translating a sentence: 1. Read through the entire sentence. 2. Mark any pauses in the sentence. 3. Circle verbs, put prepositional phrases in parentheses 4. Bracket any subordinate clauses. 5 Identify the key parts of the sentence: verb/subject/direct object 6. Deal with the details.