Elephant-Shrew) Bibliography, Citations Listed Alphabetically by Author
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Petrodromus Tetradactylus – Four-Toed Sengi
Petrodromus tetradactylus – Four-toed Sengi Specialist Group web site and www.sengis.org for additional information. This genus specifically is in need of a taxonomic revision that would assess the currently recognized 10 subspecies. Subspecies are characterised mainly by pelage colour and bristles under the tail. Two subspecies occur within the assessment region, P. t. schwanni in north-eastern Limpopo and P. t. warreni in northern KwaZulu-Natal. The subspecies in KwaZulu-Natal (P. t. warreni) lacks tail bristles, as opposed to other forms (Rathbun 2013). For general biological information, please consult Perrin and Rathbun (2013), Rathbun (2013) and Rathbun (2005). Galen Rathbun (c) California Academy of Sciences Assessment Rationale Regional Red List status (2016) Near Threatened This species is at the edge of its range within the B2ab(ii,iii,v)* assessment region where two disjunct subspecies occur: National Red List status (2004) Endangered D P. t. schwanni in north-eastern Limpopo and P. t. warreni in northern KwaZulu-Natal, both being restricted to intact Reasons for change Non-genuine: riparian and coastal forest. The estimated area of New information occupancy for P. t. schwanni and P. t. warreni, based on remaining forest habitat, is 72 and 192 km2 respectively. Global Red List status (2015) Least Concern Although P. t. warreni at least may represent a South TOPS listing (NEMBA) None African endemic, further taxonomic resolution is required before we assess it separately. Overall, the species CITES listing None qualifies for Endangered B2ab(ii,iii,v) based on restricted Endemic Edge of Range area of occupancy (264 km2 in South Africa) presumed small population size, and a continuing decline in *Watch-list Data woodland habitat as a result of human expansion over the past decade. -
The Evolution of Micro-Cursoriality in Mammals
© 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | The Journal of Experimental Biology (2014) 217, 1316-1325 doi:10.1242/jeb.095737 RESEARCH ARTICLE The evolution of micro-cursoriality in mammals Barry G. Lovegrove* and Metobor O. Mowoe* ABSTRACT Perissodactyla) in response to the emergence of open landscapes and In this study we report on the evolution of micro-cursoriality, a unique grasslands following the Eocene Thermal Maximum (Janis, 1993; case of cursoriality in mammals smaller than 1 kg. We obtained new Janis and Wilhelm, 1993; Yuanqing et al., 2007; Jardine et al., 2012; running speed and limb morphology data for two species of elephant- Lovegrove, 2012b; Lovegrove and Mowoe, 2013). shrews (Elephantulus spp., Macroscelidae) from Namaqualand, Loosely defined, cursorial mammals are those that run fast. South Africa, which we compared with published data for other However, more explicit definitions of cursoriality remain obscure mammals. Elephantulus maximum running speeds were higher than because locomotor performance is influenced by multiple variables, those of most mammals smaller than 1 kg. Elephantulus also including behaviour, biomechanics, physiology and morphology possess exceptionally high metatarsal:femur ratios (1.07) that are (Taylor et al., 1970; Garland, 1983a; Garland, 1983b; Garland and typically associated with fast unguligrade cursors. Cursoriality evolved Janis, 1993; Stein and Casinos, 1997; Carrano, 1999). In an in the Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla and Carnivora coincident with evaluation of these definition problems, Carrano (Carrano, 1999) global cooling and the replacement of forests with open landscapes argued that ‘…morphology should remain the fundamental basis for in the Oligocene and Miocene. The majority of mammal species, making distinctions between locomotor performance…’. -
Mammalian Species 117
MAMMALIANSPECIES No. 117, pp. 14, 5 figs. Rhynchocyon chrysopygus. BY Galen B. Rathbun Published 8 June 1979 by the American Society of Mammalogists Rhynchocyon Peters, 1847 cyon chrysopygus apparently does not occur in the gallery forests of the Tana River, in the ground-water forest at Witu, or in the Rhynchocyon Peters, 1W7:36, type species Rhynchocyon cirnei dry bushlands between the Galana and Tana rivers. This ele- Peters by monotypy. phant-shrew's habitat is being cleared for exotic forest plantations Rhir~onaxThomas, 1918:370, type species Rh~nchoc~onchr~so- and agriculture all along the coast, resulting in a discontinuous pygus Gunther. and reduced distribution. It will re-occupy fallow agricultural land that is allowed to become overgrown with dense bush (Rathbun, CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Order Macroscelidea, Fam- ily Macroscelididae, Subfamily Rhynch~c~oninae.Corbet and unpublished data)' Hanks (1968) recognized three allopatric species of Rhynchocyon FOSSIL RECORD. As far as is known, the Macrosceli- (figure 1) for which they wrote the following key: didae have always been endemic to Africa (Patterson, 1%5). But- ler and Hopwood (1957) described Rhynchocyon clarki from the 1 Rump straw-colored, contrasting sharply with surround- early Miocene beds of Songhor, Kenya (near Lake Victoria). Ad- ing rufous pelage ----------.-------.-------R. chrysopygus ditional Miocene material from Rusinga Island, Kenya, has been Rump not straw-colored ---------.------.-------------------2 referred to this extinct form (Patterson, 1%5), which was smaller 2(1) Rump and posterior half of back with a pattern of dark than the extant species of Rhynchocyon. R. clarki contributes lines or spots on a yellowish-brown or rufous ground; significantly to the forest related fossil mammal fauna from Ru- top of head without a rufous tinge ._._._....._._R. -
Elephantulus Pilicaudus – Karoo Rock Sengi
Elephantulus pilicaudus – Karoo Rock Sengi the order Eulipotyphla. See www.afrotheria.net for additional information. For general biological information on all sengi species, consult accounts in Rathbun (2005, 2013) and Perrin and Rathbun (2013). For current and more technical information, search the on-line bibliography at www.sengis.org. Assessment Rationale This species was described in 2008, based almost entirely on molecular genetics, with weak support from external morphology. Thus, it is a highly cryptic species. It is considered a sister species of the Cape Rock Sengi, Galen Rathbun (c) California Academy of Sciences Elephantulus edwardii. There are only five known locations (with a total of 17 specimens), with two of these locations based on trapping after the year 2000, the other three are Red List status (2016) Data Deficient* based on older museum specimens. Based on these five Red List status (2004) Not Evaluated locations, this species mainly occurs in boulder habitats, but a sample of five locations is not sufficient to be Reasons for change Non genuine change conclusive. The five locations fall within an area of about Global Red List status (2015) Data Deficient 23,000 km2, but this area may include areas not occupied by the species, and thus a fragmented distribution is TOPS listing (NEMBA) None possible. All sengi species studied to date occur at low CITES listing None densities, which suggests relatively few animals per unit area. Recent trapping efforts for this species indicate that Endemic Yes this may be the case here. Without actual abundance and *Watch-list Data density data, more locations, habitat associations, and a proper assessment of habitat condition, there are not This is a recently described new species of sengi enough data to justify anything but a Data Deficient endemic to South Africa (Smit et al. -
MALAYSIAN PARASITIC MITES II. MYOBIIDAE (PROSTIGMATA) from RODENTS L 2 3 A
74 6 Vol. 6,No. 2 Internat. J. Acarol. 109 MALAYSIAN PARASITIC MITES II. MYOBIIDAE (PROSTIGMATA) FROM RODENTS l 2 3 A. Fain , F. S. Lukoschus and M. Nadchatram ----- ABSTRACT-The fur-mites of the family Myobiidae parasitic on rodents in Malaysia are studied. They belong to 9 species and 2 genera Radfordia Ewing and Myobia von Reyden. The new taxa include one new subgenus Radfordia (Rat timyobia); 4 new species~ Radfordia (Rat timyobia) pahangensis, R.(R.) selangorensis, R. (R.) subangensis, Myobia malaysiensis and one new subspecies Radfordia (Radfordia) ensifera jalorensis. These are described and illustrated. In addition, the male of Radfordia (Rat:ttmyouti.a) acinaciseta Wilson, 1967 is described for the first time. ----- During a stay in the Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, F. S. L. collected a number of parasitic mites from various hosts (Fain et al., 1980). This paper deals with the species of Myobiidae found on rodents. Nine species in 2 genera-Radfordia and Myobia, , were collected. A new subgenus, Radfordia (Rattimyobia), 4 new species, Radfordia (Rattimyobia) pahangensi s, R. (R.) selangorensis, R. (R.) subangensis, Myobia malaysiensis, and 1 new subspecies, R. (Radfordia ) ensifera jalorensis, are described and illustrated. In addition, the male of R. (Rattimyobia) acinaciseta Wilson is described for the first time. The holotypes are deposited in the British Museum, Natural History, London. Paratypes are in the following institutions: Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur; Academy of Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Prague; Bernice Bishop Museum, Honolulu; Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; Institut royal des Sciences naturelles, Bruxelles; Institute of Acaro logy, Columbus; Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg; Rijksmuseum Natural History, Leiden; U. -
Aspects of the Reproductive Biology of Sengis (Macroscelidea) in General
Aspects of the Reproductive Biology of Sengis (Macroscelidea) in general and the Postnatal Development of the Short-eared Sengi (Macroscelides proboscideus) in particular Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer.nat. des Fachbereiches Biologie und Geographie an der Universität Duisburg-Essen Vorgelegt von Gea Olbricht aus Leipzig Juli 2009 Die der vorliegenden Arbeit zugrunde liegenden Experimente wurden im Zoologischen Garten der Stadt Wuppertal, im Zentralafrikanischen Museum Tervuren, Belgien, im Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn und in der Anatomischen Anstalt der Universität München, sowie in den südafrikanischen Museen McGregor in Kimberley und Amathole in King Williams Town durchgeführt. 1. GUTACHTER: Prof. Dr. H. Burda, Universität Duisburg-Essen 2. GUTACHTER: Prof. Dr. B. Sures, Universität Duisburg-Essen 3. GUTACHTER: Dr. R. Asher, Universität Cambridge, GB VORSITZENDER DES PRÜFUNGSAUSSCHUSSES: Prof. Dr. D. Hering, Universität Duisburg-Essen Tag der Disputation: 03. 07. 2009 When we try to pick anything for itself, then it turns out that it is linked to everything else in the universe. John Muir Was wir wissen, ist ein Tropfen; was wir nicht wissen, ein Ozean. Isaac Newton Es ist nicht schwer zu komponieren. Aber es ist fabelhaft schwer, die überflüssigen Noten unter den Tisch fallen zu lassen. Johannes Brahms Meiner Familie gewidmet, Dr. Alexander Sliwa mit Leona, Feline und Olivia ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Six years came and went in the blink of an eye. Through it all, I´ve had a great deal of fun and it is a great pleasure for me to acknowledge all those who´ve helped me in this endeavour. In 2002 I approached Professor Hynek Burda of the Department of General Zoology at the University of Duisburg-Essen with the idea of initiating a study on the reproductive biology of sengis after I have had the unique opportunity of observing short- eared sengis during my time as curator at Wuppertal Zoo. -
Hotspots of Mite New Species Discovery: Sarcoptiformes (2013–2015)
Zootaxa 4208 (2): 101–126 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Editorial ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4208.2.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:47690FBF-B745-4A65-8887-AADFF1189719 Hotspots of mite new species discovery: Sarcoptiformes (2013–2015) GUANG-YUN LI1 & ZHI-QIANG ZHANG1,2 1 School of Biological Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 2 Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, Auckland, New Zealand; corresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract A list of of type localities and depositories of new species of the mite order Sarciptiformes published in two journals (Zootaxa and Systematic & Applied Acarology) during 2013–2015 is presented in this paper, and trends and patterns of new species are summarised. The 242 new species are distributed unevenly among 50 families, with 62% of the total from the top 10 families. Geographically, these species are distributed unevenly among 39 countries. Most new species (72%) are from the top 10 countries, whereas 61% of the countries have only 1–3 new species each. Four of the top 10 countries are from Asia (Vietnam, China, India and The Philippines). Key words: Acari, Sarcoptiformes, new species, distribution, type locality, type depository Introduction This paper provides a list of the type localities and depositories of new species of the order Sarciptiformes (Acari: Acariformes) published in two journals (Zootaxa and Systematic & Applied Acarology (SAA)) during 2013–2015 and a summary of trends and patterns of these new species. It is a continuation of a previous paper (Liu et al. -
Total Ige As a Serodiagnostic Marker to Aid Murine Fur Mite Detection
Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Vol 51, No 2 Copyright 2012 March 2012 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 199–208 Total IgE as a Serodiagnostic Marker to Aid Murine Fur Mite Detection Gordon S Roble,1,2,* William Boteler,5 Elyn Riedel,3 and Neil S Lipman1,4 Mites of 3 genera—Myobia, Myocoptes, and Radfordia—continue to plague laboratory mouse facilities, even with use of stringent biosecurity measures. Mites often spread before diagnosis, predominantly because of detection dif!culty. Current detection methods have suboptimal sensitivity, are time-consuming, and are costly. A sensitive serodiagnostic technique would facilitate detection and ease workload. We evaluated whether total IgE increases could serve as a serodiagnostic marker to identify mite infestations. Variables affecting total IgE levels including infestation duration, sex, age, mite species, soiled-bedding exposure, and ivermectin treatment were investigated in Swiss Webster mice. Strain- and pinworm-associated effects were examined by using C57BL/6 mice and Swiss Webster mice dually infested with Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera, respectively. Mite infestations led to signi!cant increases in IgE levels within 2 to 4 wk. Total IgE threshold levels and corresponding sensitivity and speci!city values were determined along the continuum of a receiver-operating charac- teristic curve. A threshold of 81 ng/mL was chosen for Swiss Webster mice; values above this point should trigger screening by a secondary, more speci!c method. Sex-associated differences were not signi!cant. Age, strain, and infecting parasite caused variability in IgE responses. Mice exposed to soiled bedding showed a delayed yet signi!cant increase in total IgE. -
Volume: 1 Issue: 2 Year: 2019
Volume: 1 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 Designed by Müjdat TÖS Acarological Studies Vol 1 (2) CONTENTS Editorial Acarological Studies: A new forum for the publication of acarological works ................................................................... 51-52 Salih DOĞAN Review An overview of the XV International Congress of Acarology (XV ICA 2018) ........................................................................ 53-58 Sebahat K. OZMAN-SULLIVAN, Gregory T. SULLIVAN Articles Alternative control agents of the dried fruit mite, Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari: Carpoglyphidae) on dried apricots ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 59-64 Vefa TURGU, Nabi Alper KUMRAL A species being worthy of its name: Intraspecific variations on the gnathosomal characters in topotypic heter- omorphic males of Cheylostigmaeus variatus (Acari: Stigmaeidae) ........................................................................................ 65-70 Salih DOĞAN, Sibel DOĞAN, Qing-Hai FAN Seasonal distribution and damage potential of Raoiella indica (Hirst) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) on areca palms of Kerala, India ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 71-83 Prabheena PRABHAKARAN, Ramani NERAVATHU Feeding impact of Cisaberoptus -
Review Article Why Is There Discordant Diversity in Sengi
Review article Why is there discordant diversity in sengi (Mammalia: Afrotheria: Macroscelidea) taxonomy and ecology? Galen B. Rathbun* Department of Ornithology and Mammalogy, California Academy of Sciences (San Francisco), c ⁄ o P.O. Box 202, Cambria, CA 93428, U.S.A. allant de de´serts coˆtiers a` des foreˆts de montagne. En raison Abstract de leur isolement sur le continent africain tre`s vite apre`sla The seventeen species of sengis or elephant-shrews form a scission du Gondwana, les sengis ont the´oriquement well-defined clade of mammals endemic to Africa that e´volue´ au de´part sans qu’il existe beaucoup de compe´tition occupy the extremes of terrestrial habitats, from coastal avec les radiations d’autres placentaires. Les caracte´ris- deserts to montane forests. Because of their isolation on tiques de leur histoire incluent de la myrme´cophagie, des Africa soon after the break-up of Gondwanaland, theo- de´placements par bonds, un usage de nids limite´, voire retically sengis initially evolved with little competition inexistant, la monogamie sociale, de petites porte´es de from other placental radiations. Their life history features jeunes pre´coces et l’inexistence de soins maternels pour les include myrmecophagy, saltatorial gaits, no or limited nouveau-ne´s. Toutes ces caracte´ristiques sont uniques use of nests, social monogamy, small litters of precocial pour les Macrosce´lide´s et repre´sentent un regroupement de young and absentee maternal care of neonates. These caracte´ristiques d’habitude associe´es a` de petites antilopes traits together are unique to the Macroscelidea and rep- ou a` des fourmiliers. -
Parasitic Fauna of Eurasian Beavers (Castor Fiber) in Sweden (1997–1998)
Åhlen et al. Acta Vet Scand (2021) 63:23 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00588-w Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica RESEARCH Open Access Parasitic fauna of Eurasian beavers (Castor fber) in Sweden (1997–1998) Per‑Arne Åhlen1,3, Göran Sjöberg1* and Margareta Stéen2 Abstract Background: The parasitic fauna of beavers (Castor fber and C. canadensis) has been well studied in many parts of their respective areas of distribution. In Scandinavia there have, however, been limited investigations conducted on the parasites of beavers in recent times. The present study is the frst quantitative survey of parasites on beavers living in Sweden and elsewhere in Scandinavia. We investigated the parasitic fauna of the Eurasian beaver (C. fber) in a North–South gradient in Sweden. The aim of the study was to investigate parasite distribution and prevalence in particular, related to average yearly air temperature and diferent age groups of beavers. A total of 30 beavers were sampled at eight localities, spanning a 720 km North–South gradient during the springs of 1997 and 1998. Results: Five parasite taxa were identifed. Four of these were present in all of the examined beavers, Stichorchis subtriquetrus (trematode), Travassosius rufus (nematode), Platypsyllus castoris (coleopteran), and Schizocarpus spp. (arachnid). A higher number of new infections of S. subtriquetrus, and more adults of T. rufus, were seen in beavers in southern Sweden where temperatures are higher. One‑year old beavers had a higher infestation of S. subtriquetrus, but not of T. rufus, than older individuals. Conclusions: The parasite fauna of Swedish beavers mirrored the impoverished parasite fauna of the original Norwe‑ gian population, and the high prevalence of parasites could be due to low major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphism. -
The Suborder Acaridei (Acari)
This dissertation has been 65—13,247 microfilmed exactly as received JOHNSTON, Donald Earl, 1934- COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE MOUTH-PARTS OF THE MITES OF THE SUBORDER ACARIDEI (ACARI). The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1965 Zoology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE MOUTH-PARTS OF THE MITES OF THE SUBORDER ACARIDEI (ACARI) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Donald Earl Johnston, B.S,, M.S* ****** The Ohio State University 1965 Approved by Adviser Department of Zoology and Entomology PLEASE NOTE: Figure pages are not original copy and several have stained backgrounds. Filmed as received. Several figure pages are wavy and these ’waves” cast shadows on these pages. Filmed in the best possible way. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS, INC. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Much of the material on which this study is based was made avail able through the cooperation of acarological colleagues* Dr* M* Andre, Laboratoire d*Acarologie, Paris; Dr* E* W* Baker, U. S. National Museum, Washington; Dr* G. 0* Evans, British Museum (Nat* Hist*), London; Prof* A* Fain, Institut de Medecine Tropic ale, Antwerp; Dr* L* van der fiammen, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden; and the late Prof* A* Melis, Stazione di Entomologia Agraria, Florence, gave free access to the collections in their care and provided many kindnesses during my stay at their institutions. Dr s. A* M. Hughes, T* E* Hughes, M. M* J. Lavoipierre, and C* L, Xunker contributed or loaned valuable material* Appreciation is expressed to all of these colleagues* The following personnel of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Sta tion, Wooster, have provided valuable assistance: Mrs* M* Lange11 prepared histological sections and aided in the care of collections; Messrs* G.