Global Catastrophe Recap October 2018

Table of Contents

Executive Summary 3

United States 4

Remainder of North America 5

South America 5

Europe 6

Middle East 7

Africa 8

Asia 8

Oceania 9

Appendix 10

Contact Information 17

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 2

Executive Summary . Michael leaves USD15+ billion in economic damage; fourth-strongest US hurricane on record . Multiple tropical impact Asia-Pacific as the financial toll reaches into the billions (USD) . Storms and flooding in leaves dozens dead & widespread damage to property and forestry

Hurricane Michael became the strongest tropical on record to strike the Florida Panhandle and the fourth strongest hurricane to strike the mainland, based on reliable data since 1851. At least 45 people were left dead in the U.S. Widespread wind and damage was incurred along the Florida Panhandle coast and additional wind and flood-related damage swept throughout parts of Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland. Total economic losses – including physical damage and net loss business interruption – was anticipated to exceed USD15 billion. Public and private insurers were likely to incur payouts topping USD8 billion.

Rainfall from what would eventually become initially spawned flooding across multiple countries in . Total economic damage minimally exceeded USD100 million.

October also featured several significant events in Asia-Pacific. The most notable was Super , which crossed through the Northern Mariana Islands as a powerful Category 5 storm with 180 mph (290 kph) winds. This made Yutu one of the strongest tropical cyclones to ever impact a U.S. territory. Yutu would later make landfall in the Philippines. was struck by multiple landfalling storms – Typhoon Trami and Typhoon Kong-Rey – as aggregated economic losses were expected to exceed USD1 billion. India faced landfall by as storm surge, high winds and inland flooding prompted economic damage topping USD920 million. At least 85 people were killed.

Two tropical systems impacted – Willa and Vicente – though widespread major damage did not occur. Cyclone Luban made landfall in the , with unspecified impacts in .

A complex severe weather outbreak impacted much of Italy and other countries across Southern and Central during the last week of October into early November. Nearly 30 people were killed in Italy alone as flooding, landslides, severe winds, and strong waves left widespread damage in the hardest-hit Italian regions of Liguria, Veneto, Lazio, and Trentino-Alto Adige. Total economic losses were likely to exceed USD3.4 billion, including a minimum of USD1.1 billion in Veneto alone. Further economic damage topping USD270 million was registered in Austria.

Other costly and deadly flood events swept elsewhere across Europe during the month – including the extratropical remnants of coming ashore in – with the combined economic toll likely to minimally reach into the hundreds of millions (USD).

Additional major floods were also registered in Uganda, Iran, Jordan, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia.

Multiple outbreaks of severe weather were observed in the United States. Among the worst events impacted parts of during mid-October as severe and torrential rainfall led to flash flooding in an area from Dallas/Fort Worth to Austin to San Antonio. Total economic losses were estimated to approach USD350 million.

A magnitude-5.9 earthquake struck off the northern coast of Haiti. At least 18 people were killed, more than 540 others injured, and nearly 20,000 homes were damaged or destroyed.

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 3

United States Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/01-10/03 Flooding , New Mexico, 3 Hundreds Millions 10/02 Severe Weather Northeast 0 Hundreds 10s of millions 10/10-10/12 HU Michael Southeast, Mid-Atlantic, Central America 45 350,000+ 15+ billion 10/15-10/20 Flooding Texas 2 20,000+ 350+ million 10/31-11/01 Severe Weather Plains, Southeast 2 Thousands Millions

Remnant moisture from led to flooding across the Southwest from October 1-3. Several inches of heavy rainfall fell in parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and California – which had been coping with severe drought conditions – and prompted flash flooding in several communities. Flood inundation was noted in homes, businesses, and vehicles. Total economic damage was likely to reach into the millions (USD).

Numerous rounds of severe thunderstorms swept across parts of the Northeast on October 2, leading to widespread damage. Most of the damage occurred in Pennsylvania, where no fewer than 14 tornadoes touched down – including four rated EF2. Additional tornadoes were confirmed in New York and Connecticut. Further non-tornadic damage due to straight-line winds or hail was noted in Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. Total economic and insured losses were expected to reach into the tens of millions (USD).

Hurricane Michael made landfall in the Florida Panhandle on October 10 as a 155 mph (250 kph) Category 4 storm, leaving at least 45 people dead in the United States. The cyclone caused significant wind and coastal storm surge damage in Florida as winds gusted beyond 120 mph (195 kph) and storm surge neared 9.0 feet (2.7 meters) in height. Additional wind and inland flood damage was noted in parts of Georgia, Alabama, the Carolinas, Virginia, and Maryland. Michael became the strongest storm to strike the Florida Panhandle and the fourth-strongest hurricane to strike the United States mainland. Total economic losses were expected to exceed USD15 billion. This includes USD2.3 billion in economic damage to the Florida and Georgia timber industries, and another USD2 billion in agricultural sector loss alone in Georgia. Public and private insurers – including the National Flood Insurance Program and the USDA’s crop insurance program – were poised to make more than USD8 billion in payouts.

Days of heavy rainfall and thunderstorms swept across Central Texas from October 15-20, leading to widespread flash flooding in several communities. At least two people were killed. Some of the hardest-hit areas included an area from Dallas/Fort Worth to Austin to San Antonio after more than 10 inches (254 millimeters) of rain fell. Rainfall return periods ranged from 1-in-50 and 1-in-200 years; or having a 2 percent or 0.5 percent chance of occurring in any given year. This caused numerous rivers to overflow their banks and led to significant inundation. Total economic damage was estimated to exceed USD350 million. Public and private insurers cited payouts nearing USD175 million.

An outbreak of severe weather swept across southern sections of the United States on October 31 and November 1, killing at least two people. Powerful thunderstorms spawned tornadoes, damaging straight- line winds, and flooding rains across parts of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucky, Florida, and Georgia. October 31 featured an estimated 55 tornado reports by NOAA’s Storm Prediction Center, marking the largest single-day number of such reports in 2018. Total economic and insured losses were likely to reach well into the millions (USD).

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 4

Remainder of North America (Non-U.S.) Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/06-10/07 Flooding Central America 15 Thousands 100+ million 10/07 Earthquake Haiti 18 20,000+ Millions 10/23 HU Willa Mexico 0 Hundreds 50+ million 10/23 TS Vicente Mexico 14 Unknown Millions

Heavy rains triggered flooding across parts of Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Costa Rica on October 6-7. At least 15 people were killed. These rains were spawned by a tropical disturbance in the western that would eventually become Hurricane Michael. The worst affected country was Honduras, with tens of thousands of people affected and eight killed. Due to widespread agricultural and infrastructural damage, total, aggregated economic losses well exceeded USD100 million.

A magnitude-5.9 earthquake struck near the northern coast of Haiti on October 7, killing at least 18 people and injuring 548 others. The tremor had an epicenter about 19 kilometers (11.8 miles) northwest of Ti Port-de-Paix. According to official damage assessments, 2,100 homes were destroyed and 15,932 sustained damage. Nord-Ouest province was the hardest-hit, with approximately 60 percent of the noted damaged buildings. Total economic losses were estimated to reach into the millions (USD). – a one-time Category 5 storm – made landfall at Isla Del Bosque, Mexico on October 23 as a 120 mph (195 kph) Category 3. The cyclone brought hurricane-force winds and coastal storm surge before rapidly dissipating over land and spawning torrential rain and inland flooding. Widespread damage was noted in the hardest-hit Mexican states of , , , , and Zacatecas. Total economic losses were expected to reach into the millions (USD). Agricultural damage in the Las Cañas River basin alone were listed at MXN200 million (USD10 million).

The remnants of Tropical Storm Vicente made landfall in the Mexican state of Michoacán on October 23, spreading heavy rains across multiple coastal areas. At least 14 people were killed in flood-related incidents, including 11 alone in the state of Oaxaca. Excessive rains prompted several rivers – including the Papaloapan River – to overflow their banks and inundate numerous villages. South America Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/19-10/24 Flooding Trinidad & Tobago 0 4,300+ 10s of millions

Torrential rains on October 19 resulted in widespread flooding across Trinidad & Tobago, with primary impacts in Eastern and Central Trinidad. Official assessments suggested up to 150,000 people being affected and 800 evacuated. Areas particularly affected by the flooding and landslides were Sangre Grande, Tunapuna/Piarco, Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo, and Mayaro/Rio Claro regions. Initial governmental expenses were expected to exceed TTD25 million (USD3.7 million); however, the eventual financial impact is expected to be much higher.

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 5

Europe Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/04-10/05 Flooding Italy 3 Hundreds 130+ million 10/08-10/10 Flooding 13 5,500+ 150+ million 10/12-10/15 Flooding Norway 0 500+ 10s of millions 10/14-10/16 Ex-HU Leslie Portugal, Spain, 14 18,500+ 500+ million 10/17-10/21 Flooding Spain 0 10,000+ 100+ million 10/24-10/25 Flooding Russia 6 2,600+ 10s of millions 10/28-11/04 Severe Weather Italy, Austria 29 Thousands 3.7+ billion

A Mediterranean cutoff low-pressure area spawned heavy rainfall across the southern regions of Italy on October 4-5. Major regional flooding followed, with the worst impacts noted in . Severe storms caused local streams to overflow in all five provinces of the region. Three people died in the Lamezia Terme. Coldiretti Calabria, a local agricultural association, suggested that economic losses in the agricultural sector alone could reach EUR100 million (USD115 million). This includes damage to vegetable and olive farms due to landslides and swollen streams.

A torrential downpour on October 9 resulted in a deadly flash flooding on Island, Spain, which killed 13 people. This became the deadliest flood on Mallorca since 1989. The floodwaters inundated dozens of homes and swept many vehicles away. According to official assessments, economic damage reached at least EUR91 million (USD105 million). Further flooding ensued in . Emergency services registered at least 684 incidents, of which more than a half occurred in Tarragona. The local government allocated EUR22.7 million (USD26.3 million) for infrastructure repairs alone. Along with further flood-related claims in the Baleares, Andalusia, Malaga and Tarragona, insured losses are expected to exceed EUR27 million (USD31 million).

Heavy rainfall and rapid snowmelt due to a sudden increase in temperatures caused water courses in Western Norway to overflow their banks and triggered landslides from October 12-15. Among the hardest-hit areas was in Skjåk, where many homes were under water. Total economic and insured losses were estimated to reach into the millions (USD) due to a high average claim value in Norway. Initial estimates placed the insured loss at NOK100 million (USD12.2 million), but likely to rise.

The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Leslie impacted parts of southern Europe between October 14- 16. The storm became one of the strongest to ever impact Portugal and caused widespread notable damage, notably in the district. Total economic losses were estimated at more than EUR100 million (USD115 million), with loss for insurers nearing half of that amount. Leslie’s remnants later spawned substantial flooding in southern France. The worst impacts were noted in the River catchment. The flooding caused a notable loss for insurers, initially estimated at EUR200 million (USD230 million) with 16,000 claims filed as of October 22.

Several days of torrential rain caused widespread flood-related damage across eastern and southern regions of Spain from October 17-21. Official estimates by the local insurance association suggest insured losses in the region of EUR50 million (USD57 million), with the most severe impacts in the provinces of Málaga, Castellón, Valencia and Tarragona. Total economic losses were even higher.

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 6

Severe storms swept across the Tuapse district in Eastern Russia’s Krasnodar Region on October 24-25. Resultant floods killed six people and injured three, while 380 were evacuated. The Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations noted 2,530 residential property in 29 settlements affected by flooding, a majority of which were located in Tuapse district, but additional effects were also felt in Absheron, Lazarevsky, and Sochi city districts. Minor infrastructural damage was further registered, including on railway tracks, 4 railway stations and two bridges.

A complex pattern of severe weather impacted much of Italy from October 28 to November 4, leading to the deaths of at least 29 people. The inclement weather led to significant incidents of flooding, landslides, strong winds, waves, hail, and heavy snowfall that caused major damage in the regions of Veneto, Liguria, Toscana, Piemonte, Lazio, Sardegna, and elsewhere. Total economic losses resulting from physical damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, agriculture, and infrastructure were estimated to approach EUR3.0 billion (USD3.4 billion). An initial report from Veneto alone cited minimal economic damage at EUR1 billion (USD1.1 billion). Additional losses were incurred in Austria, where the preliminary financial toll reached EUR235 million (USD270 million). Middle East Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/05-10/06 Flooding Iran 9 2,650+ 166+ million 10/14 Cyclone Luban Yemen, 14 Hundreds Millions 10/26 Flooding Jordan 21 N/A Millions

Notable flooding hit northern Iranian provinces following heavy rains on October 5-6. The heaviest damage was reported near the Alborz mountains on the shores of the Caspian Sea, particularly Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan, North Khorasan, Isfahan, and Yazd. More than 150 towns and villages in 39 counties were affected and nine people were killed. At least 2,650 homes were damaged, including 82 which were destroyed. Local officials cited the economic cost at IRR7 trillion (USD166 million), with infrastructure damage alone at IRR5 trillion (USD120 million).

Cyclone Luban made landfall in southeastern Yemen near the border of Oman as a tropical depression on October 14. The storm, which rapidly weakened prior to coming ashore, spread periods of heavy rainfall across both Yemen and Oman that spawned flash flooding in some locations. At least 14 fatalities were reported. In Oman, the hardest-hit areas included Dhofar and Al-Wusta Governorates. Economic and insured losses were likely to reach into the millions (USD). Similar flood damage was noted in six districts in Yemen: Al Ghaydah, Al Masilah, Al Hawf, Huswain, Qishn, and Sayut. Thousands of families were left homeless due to inundation to their homes.

Deadly flash flooding killed 21 people, mostly schoolchildren on the shores of the Dead Sea in Jordan on October 26, while at least 35 were injured. The event was caused by a sudden spell of heavy rainfall, which triggered a in one of the dry valleys. One bridge collapsed, according to the authorities. Additional damage was incurred on local agricultural industry.

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 7

Africa Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/11 Flooding Uganda 51 Hundreds Unknown

Mudslides and flash flooding impacted Eastern Uganda on October 11, killing at least 51 people. The disaster occurred in Bududa district, where hundreds of structures were damaged or destroyed. Asia Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 09/28-10/02 Typhoon Trami Japan 4 Thousands 1+ billion 10/06-10/12 Flooding Sri Lanka 12 2,700+ Millions 10/06-10/07 Typhoon Kong-Rey South Korea, Japan 3 1,400+ Millions 10/11-10/13 Cyclone Titli India 85 Thousands 920+ million 10/12 Flooding Indonesia 27 500+ Unknown 10/30 Typhoon Yutu Philippines 27 8,000+ 75+ million

Typhoon Trami brushed by Okinawa, Japan as a Category 2 storm before making landfall in Wakayama prefecture on September 30. Between September 28-October 1, Typhoon Trami caused widespread disruption and damage on the Japanese mainland. At least 4 people were killed and more than 200 others were injured. Preliminary estimates by the Fire and Disaster Management Agency noted that more than 6,000 homes and other structures suffered damage due to wind and inundation. Total economic losses were expected to exceed USD1 billion.

Heavy rains fell in Sri Lanka from October 6-12 due to the retreating monsoon. This triggered major flooding and landslides across the country. The National Disaster Management Centre announced that more than 75,000 people were affected and 12 were killed. More than 12,000 people were displaced after 2,650 homes were damaged or destroyed.

A weakening Super Typhoon Kong-Rey grazed Okinawa before later making landfall in South Korea and Japan as a tropical storm on October 6. By October 7, Kong-Rey became extratropical while tracking through northern Japan. Kong-Rey brought strong winds and heavy rain to the region. At least 3 people died and nearly 1,400 buildings were damaged due to the passage of the storm. Total economic losses were estimated into the millions (USD).

Cyclone Titli made landfall near the border of the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha on October 11, killing at least 85 people and injuring hundreds more. The storm brought coastal storm surge, high winds, and torrential inland rainfall. Titli caused widespread damage to homes, businesses, infrastructure, and agriculture in Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. In Andhra Pradesh, local officials reported that the financial damage to property and infrastructure was INR37 billion (USD507 million). Total economic damage in Odisha was estimated at INR30 billion (USD413 million).

Flash floods and landslides hit North Sumatra in Indonesia on October 12 after a prolonged period of heavy rainfall. The events resulted in a death toll of at least 27 people; many of them were students of a school in Muara Saladi village in Mandailing Natal Regency. According to local authorities, at least 500 homes were damaged or destroyed. Three bridges were destroyed in West Pasaman.

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 8

Typhoon Yutu made landfall in the Northern Philippines on October 30 as a Category 2 storm and brought periods of heavy rainfall and very gusty winds to an area still recovering from September’s Super . Widespread property, infrastructure, and agriculture damage was noted across Luzon Island. At least 27 people were killed and nearly 8,000 homes suffered varying extent of damage. A preliminary economic damage estimate of PHP2.9 billion (USD55 million) was incurred to local agriculture alone. Oceania (Australia, New Zealand, South Pacific Islands) Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 10/11 Severe Weather Australia 0 1,000+ Millions 10/24 Typhoon Yutu Northern Mariana Islands 2 Hundreds Millions

Severe weather prompted large hail and tornadoes in parts of Australia’s Queensland on October 11. In central Queensland, winds of up to 145 kph (90 mph) were noted in Blackwater; while hailstones across the southeastern part of the state were as large as tennis balls while destroying crops, houses and cars and covering fields and paddocks in ice. Local emergency services received hundreds of calls related to storm damage. Total economic and insured losses were estimated into the millions (USD).

Super Typhoon Yutu became the strongest on record to impact the Northern Mariana Islands after passing directly over the island of Tinian on October 25 local time (October 24 UTC). The storm was a Category 5 with 180 mph (290 kph) winds – 1-minute average sustained – as it crossed over Tinian and the northern eyewall impacted Saipan. Catastrophic wind and storm surge damage was reported across each island to homes, structures, vehicles, infrastructure, and agriculture. At least two people were killed. Total economic damage was expected to reach well into the millions (USD).

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 9

Appendix

Updated 2018 Data: January-September

United States Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/01-12/31 Drought Nationwide N/A N/A 2.0+ billion 01/03-01/05 Winter Weather Eastern & Central U.S. 22 60,000+ 1.1+ billion 01/08-01/09 Flooding California 21 6,500+ 900+ million 01/14-01/17 Winter Weather Plains, Midwest, Northeast, Southeast 16 Thousands Millions 01/21-01/24 Winter Weather Plains, Midwest 10 Hundreds Millions 02/03-02/07 Winter Weather Plains, Midwest, Northeast 7 Thousands 50+ million 02/07-02/10 Winter Weather Plains, Midwest, Northeast 5 Thousands 50+ million 02/19-02/22 Flooding Plains, Midwest, Southeast 10 25,000+ 400+ million 02/23-02/27 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast 5 15,000+ 175+ million 03/01-03/03 Winter Weather Northeast 9 325,000+ 2.3+ billion 03/07-03/08 Winter Weather Northeast 1 60,000+ 525+ million 03/12-03/15 Winter Weather Northeast 0 Thousands Millions 03/18-03/21 Severe Weather Plains, Southeast, Northeast 0 100,000+ 1.5+ billion 03/21-03/22 Flooding California 0 Hundreds Millions 04/03-04/04 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast 1 40,000+ 335+ million 04/06-04/07 Severe Weather Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi 0 80,000+ 825+ million 04/07 Severe Weather 0 12,500+ 150+ million 04/13-04/17 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast, Northeast 6 110,000+ 1.3+ billion 04/14-04/15 Flooding Hawaii 0 1,000+ 125+ million 04/17-04/18 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains 0 20,000+ 135+ million 04/22-04/23 Severe Weather Southeast 0 Thousands Millions 04/28-05/05 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest 0 125,000+ 1.4+ billion 05/03-07/30 Volcano Hawaii 0 Hundreds+ Millions 05/12-05/16 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains, Midwest, Northeast 5 115,000+ 1.45+ billion 05/13-05/15 Flooding Florida 0 Hundreds Millions 05/19-05/20 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest 0 30,000+ 500+ million 05/28-06/01 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains, Midwest, Mid-Atlantic 1 45,000+ 525+ million 05/27-05/28 Flooding Maryland 1 5,000+ 100+ million 05/27-05/30 STS Alberto Southeast, Midwest 5 10,000+ 125+ million 06/03-06/07 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast 0 95,000+ 1.1+ billion 06/11-06/13 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains 0 60,000+ 980+ million 06/13-06/14 Severe Weather Northeast 0 2,000+ 75+ million 06/17-06/21 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains, Midwest 3 190,000+ 2.4+ billion 06/19-06/21 Flooding Texas 0 11,000+ 225+ million 06/23-06/26 Severe Weather Central/Eastern U.S. 0 20,000+ 195+ million 06/23-07/10 Wildfires West 0 Hundreds+ 100s of Millions 06/27-06/29 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast 1 15,000+ 150+ million 06/29-07/04 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest 1 20,000+ 250+ million

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 10

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 06/01-07/31 Wildfire Western U.S. 1 Hundreds 100s of Millions 07/08-07/10 Flooding Arizona 0 15,000+ 200+ million 07/19-07/22 Severe Weather Plains, Midwest, Southeast 18 85,000+ 1.43+ billion 07/21-07/26 Flooding Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast 1 30,000+ 450+ million 07/22-07/24 Severe Weather 0 12,500+ 140+ million 07/26-07/29 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains, Southwest 0 65,000+ 890+ million 07/24-08/31 Wildfire California 6 Thousands 400+ million 08/01-08/31 Wildfire California 14 12,000+ 1.8+ billion 08/06-08/08 Severe Weather Rockies, Plains 0 65,000+ 800+ million 08/11-08/15 Flooding Northeast, Mid-Atlantic 0 10,000+ 400+ million 08/14-08/16 Severe Weather Oklahoma, Texas 0 Hundreds Millions 08/20 Flooding Wisconsin 0 2,000+ 108+ million 08/22-08/26 HU Lane Hawaii 0 Thousands 100s of Millions 08/27-08/29 Severe Weather Midwest 0 35,000+ 725+ million 09/04-09/09 TS Gordon Southeast 2 15,000+ 250+ million 09/01-09/15 Flooding Midwest 2 Hundreds 100s of millions 09/12 HU Olivia Hawaii 0 Unknown Negligible 09/14-09/19 HU Florence Southeast, Mid-Atlantic 53 350,000+ 10+ billion 09/20-09/21 Severe Weather Midwest 0 13,000+ 200+ million 09/21-09/24 Severe Weather Plains, Southeast 2 13,000+ 250+ million 09/24-09/26 Severe Weather Midwest, Northeast 1 10,000+ 250+ million

Rest of North America (Non-U.S.) Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/11-0/14 Flooding Canada 0 5,000+ 90+ million 02/16 Earthquake Mexico 0 18,000+ Millions 02/19-02/22 Flooding Canada 0 Thousands 75+ million 04/04-04/05 Winter Weather Canada 0 15,000+ 115+ million 04/14-04/17 Winter Weather Canada 0 15,000+ 295+ million 04/26-05/17 Flooding Canada 0 Hundreds 10s of Millions 05/04-05/05 Severe Weather Canada 3 65,000+ 425+ million 05/26-05/29 STS Alberto Cuba 7 Thousands Millions+ 06/03 Volcano Guatemala 122 Thousands Millions 06/13 Severe Weather Canada 0 Unknown 10s of Millions 06/14 Severe Weather Canada 0 10,000+ 110+ million 06/28-06/30 Severe Weather Canada 0 Thousands Millions 07/01-07/31 Drought Central America 0 Unknown 200+ million 07/07-07/10 Severe Weather Canada 0 4,000+ 45+ million 07/09-07/11 HU Beryl (Remnants) Puerto Rico, Hispaniola 0 2,000+ Millions 07/13-07/14 Severe Weather Canada 0 Thousands Millions 08/02 Severe Weather Canada 0 15,000+ 100+ million 08/07-08/08 Flooding Canada 0 4,500+ 150+ million 09/05-09/07 Flooding Mexico 3 2,500+ 53+ million 09/20-09/23 Flooding Mexico 20 300,000+ 100s of millions

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 11

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 09/21 Severe Weather Canada 0 15,000+ 325+ million

South America Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/14 Earthquake Peru 2 2,541+ Millions 01/29-02/08 Flooding Bolivia, Argentina 7 Thousands 138+ million 02/09 Severe Weather Argentina 0 Thousands Millions 02/15-02/21 Flooding Brazil 4 Thousands 10s of Millions 01/01-03/31 Drought Uruguay N/A N/A 500+ million 01/01-03/31 Drought Argentina N/A N/A 3.4+ billion 03/20-03/21 Flooding Brazil 3 Thousands 43+ million 03/12-04/17 Severe Weather Colombia 14 Unknown Millions 06/12 Severe Weather Brazil 2 2,630+ Millions

Europe Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/01-01/04 WS Eleanor & Carmen Western & Central Europe 7 200,000+ 1.3+ billion 01/06-01/07 Severe Weather Spain 0 Hundreds 60+ million 01/08 Earthquake 0 3,000+ Millions 01/18 WS Friederike Western & Central Europe 13 100,000+ 2.75+ billion 01/20-02/01 Flooding France 0 30,000+ 500+ million 02/23-03/02 Winter Weather Western, Central & Eastern EU 88 Thousands 1.6+ billion 03/09-03/14 WS Felix & Gisele Portugal, Spain 0 Hundreds 10s of Millions 03/28 Flooding Russia 2 1224 Unknown 03/25-04/05 Flooding Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria 15 Thousands Millions 04/29 Severe Weather , France, Belgium 0 Thousands 10s of Millions 05/10-05/16 Severe Weather Central Europe 0 Thousands 10s of Million 05/25-05/31 Severe Weather Western & Central Europe 1 30,000+ 500+ million 06/01-06/07 Severe Weather Central & Western Europe 2 Thousands 150+ million 06/08-06/13 Severe Weather Central, Western & SE Europe 6 Thousands 100s of Millions 06/28-06/29 Flooding Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine 3 2,000+ 50+ million 05/01-08/31 Drought Northern & Central Europe 0 Unknown 7.5+ billion 07/03-07/05 Severe Weather France, Germany, Italy 0 Hundreds 10s of millions 07/08-07/25 Wildfire Sweden 0 Unknown 102+ million 07/15 Severe Weather France, Germany 0 Hundreds Millions 07/18-07/19 Flooding Poland, Slovakia 0 Hundreds 50+ million 07/23-07/24 Wildfire Greece 92+ 1,645+ 10s of millions 08/03-08/04 Wildfire, Heatwave Portugal, Spain 1 Hundreds 25+ million 08/20 Flooding Italy 10 N/A N/A 08/23-08/25 Severe Weather Central Europe 0 Thousands Millions 09/19-09/22 WS Ali & Bronagh Western & Northern Europe 1 Hundreds 10s of millions 09/23-09/24 WS Fabienne Central Europe 1 Hundreds 10s of millions

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 12

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 09/29 Severe Weather Greece 2 2,000+ Millions

Africa Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/01-05/31 Drought South Africa N/A N/A 1.2+ billion 01/03-01/07 Flooding Democratic Republic of Congo 51 465 Millions 01/12-01/13 CY Ava Madagascar 73 4,800+ Millions 01/15-01/18 CY Berguitta Mauritius, La Reunion 0 Thousands 10s of Millions 01/16-01/22 Flooding Mozambique 11 15,000+ 5.1+ million 02/07-02/09 Flooding Malawi 1 2,000+ Unknown 02/22-03/07 Flooding Angola, Malawi, Rwanda 8 6,500+ Millions 03/17-03/18 CY Eliakim Madagascar 21 17,228+ Millions 03/22-03/23 Flooding South Africa, Lesotho 7 Thousands Millions 01/01-05/31 Flooding Rwanda 134 6,000+ 28+ million 03/14-05/31 Flooding Kenya 226 Thousands 350+ million 03/14-05/31 Flooding Uganda N/A Thousands 150+ million 04/01-05/31 Flooding 5 Thousands 80+ million 04/14-04/16 Flooding Tanzania 15 Hundreds Unknown 04/14-04/17 Flooding Ethiopia 2 Thousands Millions 04/24 TS Fakir Réunion 2 Hundreds 18+ million 05/19 TS Sagar Somalia, Djibouti, Yemen 55 Thousands Millions 05/28 Flooding Ethiopia 23 Unknown Unknown 06/18-06/29 Flooding Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria 38 Thousands Millions 07/13-07/16 Flooding Nigeria 71 600+ Unknown 07/01-08/31 Flooding Niger 22 18,140+ Millions 07/15-08/15 Flooding Sudan 23 8,900+ Millions 08/31-09/20 Flooding Niger, Ghana, Burkina Faso 39 Hundreds Unknown 09/01-09/30 Flooding Nigeria 199 17,816+ 275+ million 09/04 Landslide Ethiopia 12 Unknown Negligible 09/22 Flooding Tunisia 5 2,500+ 36+ million

Middle East Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/19-01/20 Winter Weather Lebanon 15 N/A Negligible 02/16-02/18 Flooding Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon 3 Hundreds Millions 03/07 Earthquake Iran 0 5,500+ Millions 03/24 Severe Weather Turkey 0 Thousands Millions 04/25-04/26 Flooding Israel 11 Hundreds Millions 05/17-05/21 Flooding Tajikistan 6 1,145+ Millions 05/23-05/27 TS Mekunu Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia 30 5,000+ 400+ million 07/08 Landslide Turkey 24 N/A Unknown 07/22 Earthquake Iran 0 1,000+ Millions

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 13

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 08/26 Earthquake Iran 2 2,600+ Millions

Asia Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/01-01/07 Winter Weather India, Nepal 94 N/A Negligible 01/02-01/05 Winter Weather China 21 3,500+ 854+ million 01/13-01/17 Flooding Philippines 11 1,900+ Millions 01/21-01/25 Winter Weather Japan, China 5 Unknown Millions 01/23 Earthquake Indonesia 0 9,291+ Millions 01/24-01/29 Winter Weather China 2 2,500+ 1.45+ billion 02/03-02/12 Flooding Malaysia 0 Hundreds Millions 02/05-02/06 Flooding Indonesia 4 7,228+ Millions 02/06 Earthquake Taiwan 17 Thousands 100+ million 02/12-02/14 TS Sanba Philippines 0 2,000+ <10 million 02/21-02/23 Flooding Indonesia 20 20,000+ Millions 03/03 Severe Weather China 14 59,000+ 147+ million 03/10 Wildfire India 17 N/A N/A 03/15-03/18 Severe Weather China 5 2,000+ 50+ million 03/22-03/26 Flooding Indonesia 3 1,092+ Unknown 03/29 Severe Weather China 0 200+ 30+ million 04/02-04/18 Winter Weather China 0 Thousands 3.4+ billion 04/11 Severe Weather India 42 Thousands 100+ million 04/17 Severe Weather India 18 4,446+ 100+ million 04/19-04/25 Severe Weather China 1 2,200+ 91+ million 04/29-04/30 Severe Weather Bangladesh 33 Unknown Unknown 05/02-05/03 Severe Weather India 143 Thousands 24+ Million

05/06-05/09 Severe Weather India 32 4,200+ Millions 05/07-05/15 Flooding Afghanistan, Pakistan 78 Thousands Millions 05/07-05/14 Flooding China 2 2,000+ 31+ million 05/12-05/17 Severe Weather China 2 2,000+ 67+ Million 05/13-05/16 Severe Weather India 95 Hundreds Millions+ 05/17-05/20 Flooding India 6 2,422+ 10+ Million 05/28-05/29 Severe Weather India 54 Thousands Millions 05/28 Earthquake China 0 15,900+ 7+ Million 05/29-05/31 Flooding India 12 1,000+ Millions+ 05/29-05/30 Severe Weather Myanmar 5 1,400+ Unknown 05/07-07/10 Flooding China 108 150,000+ 1.75+ billion 06/01-10/31 Drought China N/A Unknown 3.55+ billion 06/01-06/06 Severe Weather India 42 Hundreds Millions 06/06-06/07 Severe Weather China 2 800+ 31+ Million 06/02-06/07 TS Ewiniar Vietnam, China 15 5,400+ 573+ Million 06/09-06/12 Severe Weather China 0 Thousands 91+ Million 06/08-06/12 Severe Weather India 61 16,000+ 100+ million 06/05-06/14 Flooding Bangladesh, Myanmar 26 1,540+ Unknown

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 14

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 06/12-06/21 Severe Weather China 2 12,000+ 317+ million 06/18 Earthquake Japan 4 166,000+ 3.25+ billion 06/23-06/27 Flooding Vietnam 33 3,776 + 23+ million 06/24-07/03 Flooding India 52 Hundreds Millions 06/28-07/05 Flooding China 11 12,000+ 278+ million 06/29-07/03 Severe Weather China 5 8,000+ 157+ million 07/02-07/03 TY Prapiroon Japan, South Korea 4 Hundreds 10s of Millions 07/05-07/08 Flooding Japan 230 65,000+ 7.0+ billion 07/01-07/25 Heatwave Japan, Korea, China 150+ N/A Unknown 07/01-07/03 Flooding Pakistan, India, Nepal 21 Hundreds Millions 07/01-09/30 Flooding China (south), Vietnam 38 50,000+ 2.0+ billion 07/01-09/30 Flooding China (north) 50+ 175,000+ 5.75+ billion 07/07-07/11 Severe Weather China 1 300+ 33+ million 07/08-07/25 Flooding Russia 0 6,000+ 16+ million 07/10-07/11 Flooding China 19 18,300+ 580+ million 07/10-07/12 STY Maria China, Taiwan 2 15,000+ 490+ million 07/13-07/20 Flooding China 0 500+ 53+ million 07/17-07/24 TS Sonh-Tinh Vietnam, China, Laos 34 32,000+ 235+ million 07/17-07/31 Flooding Philippines 13 5,050+ 88+ million 07/17-07/26 Flooding Laos, Cambodia 150 2,000+ Millions 07/20-07/24 Flooding India 20 8,300+ Unknown 07/22-07/25 TS Ampil China 1 6,000+ 175+ million 07/22-07/25 Severe Weather China 6 15,000+ 295+ million 07/27-08/03 TY Jongdari Japan, China 0 Thousands 100+ Million 07/27-07/29 Flooding India 33 300+ Unknown 07/28 Earthquake Indonesia 17 15,000+ 23+ million 07/28-07/30 Flooding Myanmar, Thailand 19 Thousands Unknown 08/05, 08/09 Earthquake Indonesia 560 90,000+ 528+ million 08/02-08/06 Flooding India 5 1,100+ Millions 08/03-08/08 Severe Weather China 6 1,000+ 39+ million 08/07-08/20 Flooding India 500 30,000+ 5.5+ billion 08/13 Earthquake China 0 6,000+ Millions 08/09-08/15 TS Yagi Philippines, China 7 Thousands 74+ million 08/13-08/19 TS Bebinca China, Vietnam 16 8,000+ 236+ million 08/16-08/18 TY Rumbia China 22 20,000+ 4.3+ billion 08/19 Earthquake Indonesia 12 Thousands 10s of millions 08/19-08/23 Flooding China 5 3,100+ 33+ million 08/23-08/25 TY Soulik Japan, Korea Peninsula, China, Russia 71 2,000+ 81+ million 08/23-08/26 TY Cimaron Japan 0 Hundreds Millions 08/23-08/26 Flooding Taiwan 7 Hundreds 34+ million 08/24 Flooding Afghanistan 11 Hundreds Millions 08/28-08/29 Flooding South Korea 1 Hundreds Millions 06/01-10/01 Drought India N/A N/A 1.1+ billion 08/29-09/07 Flooding North Korea 150 12,000+ Unknown 09/01-09/06 Flooding India 46 160+ 10s of millions

Global Catastrophe Recap: October 2018 15

Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 09/03 Earthquake China 0 2,630+ 5.2+ million 09/04-09/05 TY Jebi Japan 17 486,000+ Billions 09/06 Earthquake Japan 41 36,000+ 1.25+ billion 09/08-09/19 Winter Weather China 0 N/A 23+ million 09/15-09/18 STY Mangkhut N. Mariana Islands, Philippines, China, HK 102 250,000+ Billions 09/23-09/24 Flooding India 25 Hundreds Millions 09/28 Earthquake Indonesia 2,256 70,000+ 1.45+ billion

Oceania (Australia, New Zealand, South Pacific Islands) Date Event Location Deaths Structures/ Economic Claims Loss (USD) 01/01-08/01 Drought Australia N/A Thousands 1.2+ billion 01/04-01/07 Flooding New Zealand 0 3,600+ 50+ million 01/31-02/02 Flooding (Fehi) New Zealand 0 Thousands 67+ million 02/09-02/20 CY Gita Tonga, Fiji, Samoa, New Zealand 1 10,000+ 225+ million 02/18-02/20 TS Kelvin Australia 0 4,000+ 25+ million 02/26 Earthquake Papua New Guinea 160 Thousands 190+ million 03/03 CY Hola Vanuatu, N. Caledonia, NZ 3 Unknown Unknown 03/05-03/08 Earthquake Papua New Guinea 36 Unknown Millions 03/09-03/11 Flooding Australia 0 2,000+ 40+ million 03/17-03/19 Wildfire Australia 0 1,039+ 90+ million 03/17 CY Marcus Australia 0 6,218+ 75+ million 03/24-03/27 CY Nora Australia 0 2,000+ 25+ million 03/31 CY Josie Fiji 6 Unknown 10+ million 04/10 CY Keni Fiji 0 804+ Unknown 04/10-04/11 Severe Weather New Zealand 0 12,523+ 87+ million 04/27-04/29 Flooding New Zealand 0 2,000+ 25+ million 05/10-05/14 Flooding Australia 0 8,800+ 130+ million 06/11 Flooding New Zealand 0 Unknown 10s of Millions

Additional Report Details

TD = Tropical Depression, TS = Tropical Storm, HU = Hurricane, TY = Typhoon, STY = Super Typhoon, CY = Cyclone

Fatality estimates as reported by public news media sources and official government agencies.

Structures defined as any building – including barns, outbuildings, mobile homes, single or multiple family dwellings, and commercial facilities – that is damaged or destroyed by winds, earthquakes, hail, flood, tornadoes, hurricanes or any other natural- occurring phenomenon. Claims defined as the number of claims (which could be a combination of homeowners, commercial, auto and others) reported by various public and private insurance entities through press releases or various public media outlets.

Damage estimates are obtained from various public media sources, including news websites, publications from insurance companies, financial institution press releases and official government agencies. Damage estimates are obtained from various public media sources, including news websites, publications from insurance companies, financial institution press releases and official government agencies. Economic loss totals include any available insured loss estimates, which can be found in the corresponding event text. Specific events may include modeled loss estimates determined from utilizing Impact Forecasting’s suite of catastrophe model products.

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Contact Information Adam Podlaha Steve Bowen Head of Impact Forecasting Director & Meteorologist Impact Forecasting Impact Forecasting Aon Aon +44.20.7522.3820 +1.312.381.5883 [email protected] [email protected]

Michal Lörinc Anwesha Bhattacharya Catastrophe Analyst Senior Analyst Impact Forecasting Impact Forecasting Aon Aon +420.234.618.222 + 91.80.6621.8575 [email protected] [email protected]

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