DOCSLIB.ORG

Strawberry Genotypes with Resistance to Tetranychus Urticae Mediated By

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 44:e006920, 2020 Agricultural Science http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202044006920 eISSN 1981-1829 Strawberry genotypes with resistance to Tetranychus urticae mediated by leaf trichomes Resistência de genótipos de morangueiro ao Tetranychus urticae mediada por tricomas foliares Juliano Tadeu Vilela de Resende¹* , Renato Barros de Lima Filho2 , Luana Karolline Ribeiro² , Jéssica Vanessa Wosniak Corrêa² , Cleber Daniel de Goes Maciel2 , Khamis Youssef³ ¹Universidade Estadual de Londrina/UEL , Departamento de Agronomia, Londrina, PR, Brasil ²Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTRO, Departamento de Agronomia, Guarapuava, PR, Brasil ³Agricultural Researcher Center, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza, Egypt *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received in March 23, 2020 and approved in June 26, 2020 ABSTRACT The two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) is the main pest encountered in strawberry cultivation in protected environments, causing damage and increasing the cost of production associated with chemical control. Breeding programs are essential for obtaining new cultivars that are more tolerant to two-spotted spider mites. The objective was to evaluate whether the leaf trichomes mediatethe resistance of intraspecific strawberry hybrids to two-spotted spider mites. Preselected hybrids were subjected to infestation by two-spotted spider mites and evaluated via the no-choice assay and the travel test. Resistance was correlated with the density of trichomes, both glandular and non-glandular, present on the surface of the leaflets of strawberry genotypes. The results indicated that there is an influence of hybrids and cultivars on the behavior of the pest, allowing the verification of the existence of resistant genotypes (RVDA#16, RVCS#44 and Camino Real). These treatments resulted in low numbers of eggs deposited and hatched compared with the other treatments and shorter distances traveled by two-spotted spider mites on the surface of leaflets. It was also verified that the glandular trichomes presented a significant negative correlation with the average distance traveled by two-spotted spider mites on the surface of the leaf discs, indicating that these structures alter the behavior of these arthropods. Genotype resistance was associated with the presence of glandular trichomes. In addition to the superiority of the agronomic and postharvest attributes of the preselected hybrids (RVDA#16 and RVCS#44) identified in the previous selection efforts, they proved to be promising materials for achieving resistance to the spider mite, revealing important genotypes for use as cultivars and particularly as parents in breeding programs. Index terms: Fragaria x ananassa; intraspecific hybridization; antibiosis; antixenosis. RESUMO O ácaro rajado (Tetranychus urticae) é a principal praga do morangueiro em ambiente protegido, causando danos e aumentando os custos de produção com o controle químico. Em programas de melhoramento, é essecial que as novas cultivares sejam tolerantes ao ácaro. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a resistência ao ácaro rajado de híbridos intraespecíficos, pré-selecionados, mediada por tricomas foliares. Híbridos pré-selecionados foram submetidos a presença do ácaro rajado e avaliados por meio do teste sem chance de escolha e caminhamento, na superfície do folíolo. A resistência ao ácaro foi correlacionada de forma significativa e com a densidade de tricomas glandularese não glandulares,na superfície abaxial dos folíolos dos genótipos.Os resultados evidenciam que há influência dos híbridos pré-selecionados e cultivares, no comportamento do ácaro rajado, permitindo, constatar a resistência dos genótipos RVDA#16, RVCS#44 e Camino Real. Esses tratamentos obtiveram menor número de ovos depositados e eclodidos, quando comparados aos demais e, também menores distâncias percorridas pelo ácaro rajado. Verificou-se ainda que os tricomas glandulares foram correlacionados significativa e negativamente com a distância média percorrida pelo ácaro rajado, na superfície dos discos foliares dos genótipos RVDA#16, RVCS#44 e Camino Real, indicando que essas estruturas alteram o comportamento do artrópode-praga. A resistência dos genótipos está associada a presença dos tricomas gladulares. Os híbridos pré-selecionados (RVDA#16 e RVCS#44), além da superioridade dos atributos agronômicos e de pós-colheita, identificados na seleção anterior, foram promissores para resistência ao ácaro rajado, consistindo em importante genótipo para ser utilizado como cultivar e, principalmente, como parental em programas de melhoramento genético. Termos para indexação: Fragaria x ananassa; hibridação intraespecífica; antibiose; antixenose. 2020 | Lavras | Editora UFLA | www.editora.ufla.br | www.scielo.br/cagro All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License attribuition-type BY. 2 RESENDE, J. T. V. de et al. INTRODUCTION The identification of plants with greater resistance to pest arthropods is extremely important for plant breeding Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) shows high programs; therefore, evaluating and understanding their profitability and plays an important socioeconomic role in behavior is essential (Gong et al., 2018). However, the countries such as the United States, Mexico, Turkey, and resistance of different genotypes is not normally evaluated, Latin American countries such as Brazil and Chile (Biasio and in the main strawberry breeding programs, productive et al., 2015). However, pests and diseases are problems that aspects are the key parameters for the selection of plants. limit the yield potential of cultivars, as they significantly Reconciling these aspects makes it possible to select impair the development of fruits (Van Leeuwen et al., 2015; resistant or pest-tolerant plants, facilitating management Zhang et al., 2018). Among the pests attacking this crop, the in the production field. two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate Tetranychidae), stands out as the main pest in protected preselected strawberry genotypes regarding their resistance environments and can reduce fruit production by up to to spider mites associated with the presence of leaf 80% (Çobanoğlu; Güldali, 2017). The damage is caused by trichomes. the form of feeding, since the mites break the cells of the epidermis through the introduction of their chelicera on the MATERIAL AND METHODS underside of the leaves to feed on the intracellular contents, thereby causing the death of the attacked cells (Bernardi et Experimental material al., 2015; Gong et al., 2018). The application of acaricides is the most widely Twelve hybrid populations were obtained from used method for controlling spider mites (Van Leeuwen crosses between the Aromas, Camarosa, Dover, Festival, et al., 2010; Attia et al., 2013). However, the excessive Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie and Milsei Tudla cultivars. application of these products is responsible for causing the The seedlings obtained from each population were divided development of populations that are resistant to acaricides and evaluated under the climatic conditions of the south (Grbić et al., 2011), reductions in natural enemies, the of the state of Minas Gerais and the south-central state appearance of secondary pests and high levels of residues of Paraná. Genotypes selected based on agronomic and of phytosanitary products in fruits (Csányi et al., 2019). postharvest characteristics at both locations were used Thus, as an alternative to reduce the need for pesticides, to design the composition of treatments. The preselected varietal resistance is an important strategy within an strawberry hybrids used in the trial, RVFS#07 (Festival integrated pest management (IPM) program. In addition Florida x Sweet Charlie), RVDA#16 (Camarosa x Aromas) to influencing the behavior of the arthropod pest through and RVCS#44 (Camarosa x Sweet Charlie), came from the plant characteristics, this tool can be used in parallel with UNICENTRO/UEL/UFLA breeding program (Galvão et other control methods without any restrictions (Fahim; al., 2017; Barth et al., 2019; Barth et al., 2020), maintained Momen; Saiedy, 2020). at the Germplasm Bank of UEL/UNICENTRO. In addition In strawberry plants, both constitutive and to the hybrids, the commercial cultivars Camarosa, Camino inductive defense mechanisms protect plants against pest Real (short photoperiod cultivars), Albion, and Monterey attack (Karlec et al., 2017). In constitutive defense, the (neutral photoperiod cultivars) served as check treatments. plant does not depend on the presence or action of pests, The research was carried out at the Entomology and its resistance is expressed continuously. In contrast, Laboratory of Midwestern Parana State University, located the plant only expresses induced defense when injury in Guarapuava, PR (25° 38′ S and 51° 48′ W, with an occurs, and this type of resistance directly affect herbivores altitude of 1100 meters), from September to November or natural enemies (Smith; Clement, 2012; Moreira et 2019. al., 2018). Trichomes are important constitutive defense The plants were grown in a greenhouse in pots of mechanisms; there are two types of trichomes described in 5 dm3 containing subsurface soil corrected to 70% of base strawberry plants: glandular and non-glandular trichomes saturation. Forty-five days before the transplantation of (Benatto; Penteado; Zawadneak, 2019; Hata et al., 2020). the
Recommended publications
  • (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) Are Equally Radiosusceptible and Unable to Reproduce When Irradiated with 400 Gy Valter Arthur1,*, Roberto L

    (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) Are Equally Radiosusceptible and Unable to Reproduce When Irradiated with 400 Gy Valter Arthur1,*, Roberto L

    Milbemectin and etoxazol acaricide resistant and susceptible strains ofTetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) are equally radiosusceptible and unable to reproduce when irradiated with 400 Gy Valter Arthur1,*, Roberto L. Nicastro2, Mário E. Sato2, and Andre R. Machi3 Abstract The twospotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), is considered one of the most important phytophagous mites causing considerable damage in several agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility to gamma irradiation of strains of T. urticae resistant (R) and susceptible (S) to the acaricides, milbemectin and etoxazol. The R and S strains for milbemectin and etoxazol were- ir radiated with 200 and 400 Gy of gamma radiation in a Gammacell 220 source to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on the growth rate of the mites. A dose of 400 Gy totally eliminated populations of both R and S strains of T. urticae within 10 d. A dose of 200 Gy was not sufficient to totally eliminate both T. urticae strains, but it significantly reduced egg viability of both strains. In the most likely measure of efficacy for phytosanitary- ir radiation of mites—i.e., prevention of F1 egg hatch when parent adults are irradiated—no differences were found in response to irradiation among the 4 strains. Key Words: phytophagous mites; phytosanitary irradiation; phytosanitation; irradiation Resumen La árañita roja de dos manchas, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), es considerado uno de los ácaros fitófagos más impor- tantes que causan daños considerables en varios cultivos agrícolas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la susceptibilidad a la irradiación gamma de las cepas de T.
  • Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain F

    Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain F

    The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain F. Williams, R. Eschen, A. Harris, D. Djeddour, C. Pratt, R.S. Shaw, S. Varia, J. Lamontagne-Godwin, S.E. Thomas, S.T. Murphy CAB/001/09 November 2010 www.cabi.org 1 KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain Acknowledgements This report would not have been possible without the input of many people from Great Britain and abroad. We thank all the people who have taken the time to respond to the questionnaire or to provide information over the phone or otherwise. Front Cover Photo – Courtesy of T. Renals Sponsors The Scottish Government Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government Department for the Economy and Transport, Welsh Assembly Government FE Williams, R Eschen, A Harris, DH Djeddour, CF Pratt, RS Shaw, S Varia, JD Lamontagne-Godwin, SE Thomas, ST Murphy CABI Head Office Nosworthy Way Wallingford OX10 8DE UK and CABI Europe - UK Bakeham Lane Egham Surrey TW20 9TY UK CABI Project No. VM10066 2 The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain Executive Summary The impact of Invasive Non-Native Species (INNS) can be manifold, ranging from loss of crops, damaged buildings, and additional production costs to the loss of livelihoods and ecosystem services. INNS are increasingly abundant in Great Britain and in Europe generally and their impact is rising. Hence, INNS are the subject of considerable concern in Great Britain, prompting the development of a Non-Native Species Strategy and the formation of the GB Non-Native Species Programme Board and Secretariat.
  • Segmentation and Tagmosis in Chelicerata

    Segmentation and Tagmosis in Chelicerata

    Arthropod Structure & Development 46 (2017) 395e418 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Arthropod Structure & Development journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/asd Segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata * Jason A. Dunlop a, , James C. Lamsdell b a Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany b American Museum of Natural History, Division of Paleontology, Central Park West at 79th St, New York, NY 10024, USA article info abstract Article history: Patterns of segmentation and tagmosis are reviewed for Chelicerata. Depending on the outgroup, che- Received 4 April 2016 licerate origins are either among taxa with an anterior tagma of six somites, or taxa in which the ap- Accepted 18 May 2016 pendages of somite I became increasingly raptorial. All Chelicerata have appendage I as a chelate or Available online 21 June 2016 clasp-knife chelicera. The basic trend has obviously been to consolidate food-gathering and walking limbs as a prosoma and respiratory appendages on the opisthosoma. However, the boundary of the Keywords: prosoma is debatable in that some taxa have functionally incorporated somite VII and/or its appendages Arthropoda into the prosoma. Euchelicerata can be defined on having plate-like opisthosomal appendages, further Chelicerata fi Tagmosis modi ed within Arachnida. Total somite counts for Chelicerata range from a maximum of nineteen in Prosoma groups like Scorpiones and the extinct Eurypterida down to seven in modern Pycnogonida. Mites may Opisthosoma also show reduced somite counts, but reconstructing segmentation in these animals remains chal- lenging. Several innovations relating to tagmosis or the appendages borne on particular somites are summarised here as putative apomorphies of individual higher taxa.
  • Tetranychus Lintearius Dufour, 1832, Is a Valid Species (Acar.) Notulae Ad Tetranychidas 11

    Tetranychus Lintearius Dufour, 1832, Is a Valid Species (Acar.) Notulae Ad Tetranychidas 11

    90 ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 27, 1.V.1967 Tetranychus lintearius Dufour, 1832, is a valid species (Acar.) Notulae ad Tetranychidas 11 by G. L. VAN EYNDHOVEN Zoölogisch Museum, Amsterdam It has always been a problem whether or not Tetranychus lintearius Dufour, 1832, should be considered as a separate species. It is the type species of the genus Tetranychus Dufour, 1832, but nevertheless very insufficiently known. Owing to this fact the species has usually been synonymized with Tetranychus urticae C. L. Koch, 1836 ( = Tetranychus telarius (L., 1758) in the sense of Pritchard & Baker, 1955). Dufour described the mite in 1832 with the following characteristics: “Tetranychus lintearius, Tétranyque linger. Ovatus obtusus, ruber, pedibus dilutioribus ; dorso pedibusque pilis albidis longis distinctis. Hab. gregarius in arbustis quos telis vestit.” Two figures complete this Latin diagnosis. The additional description and the notes on the biology are written in French. Dufour found the specimens on the “ajonc”, the gorse (Ulex europaeus L.), at the environs of Saint Sever, Landes, France. Shrubs with a diameter of several feet were entirely enveloped by a large, milkwhite web. Although Dufour was aware of the existence of other spinning mites (Trom- hidium socium, telarium and tiliarium, p. 280), he had never seen them and so he thought his species to be entirely new. As he believed the legs to end in four little claws, he composed for his new genus the name Tetranychus, and as he was highly impressed by the heavy spinning, he introduced as species name the word linte¬ arius, meaning a merchant of linens or a linen-weaver.
  • On Marketable Yields of Field-Grown Strawberries in North-Central Florida Author(S): Teresia W

    On Marketable Yields of Field-Grown Strawberries in North-Central Florida Author(S): Teresia W

    Effect of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), on Marketable Yields of Field-Grown Strawberries in North-Central Florida Author(s): Teresia W. Nyoike and Oscar E. Liburd Source: Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(4):1757-1766. 2012. Published By: Entomological Society of America URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/EC12033 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. HORTICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY Effect of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), on Marketable Yields of Field-Grown Strawberries in North–Central Florida 1,2 1 TERESIA W. NYOIKE AND OSCAR E. LIBURD J. Econ. Entomol. 106(4): 1757Ð1766 (2013); DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EC12033 ABSTRACT Understanding the impact of a pest species on a particular crop is critical for the success of a pest management program. Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of the twospot- ted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on marketable yield of strawberries during the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons.
  • 1706865114.Full.Pdf

    1706865114.Full.Pdf

    Disruption of a horizontally transferred phytoene PNAS PLUS desaturase abolishes carotenoid accumulation and diapause in Tetranychus urticae Astrid Bryona, Andre H. Kurlovsb, Wannes Dermauwa, Robert Greenhalghb, Maria Rigac,d, Miodrag Grbice,f, Luc Tirrya, Masahiro Osakabeg, John Vontasc,h, Richard M. Clarkb,i,1, and Thomas Van Leeuwena,j,1 aLaboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; bDepartment of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; cLaboratory of Molecular Entomology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; dInstitute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; eDepartment of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; fInstituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad de la Rioja, 26006 Logrono, Spain; gLaboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; hLaboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; iCenter for Cell and Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and jInstitute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Edited by David L. Denlinger, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, and approved June 13, 2017 (received for review April 26, 2017) Carotenoids underlie many of the vibrant yellow, orange, and red vision (2, 12, 13). Finally, carotenoids, such as lutein and zeaxanthin colors in animals, and are involved in processes ranging from in human and keto-carotenoids like astaxanthin in other organisms, vision to protection from stresses.
  • Coccinellidae As Predators of Mites: Stethorini in Biological Control

    Coccinellidae As Predators of Mites: Stethorini in Biological Control

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 2009 Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control David J. Biddinger Pennsylvania State University Donald D. Weber USDA-ARS Larry A. Hull Pennsylvania State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub Part of the Agricultural Science Commons Biddinger, David J.; Weber, Donald D.; and Hull, Larry A., "Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control" (2009). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 387. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/387 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Biological Control 51 (2009) 268–283 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Control journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Review Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control David J. Biddinger a,*, Donald C. Weber b, Larry A. Hull a a Fruit Research and Extension Center, Pennsylvania State University, P.O. Box 330, 290 University Drive, Biglerville, PA 17307, USA b USDA-ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, BARC-West Building 011A, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA article info abstract Article history: The Stethorini are unique among the Coccinellidae in specializing on mites (principally Tetranychidae) as Received 5 January 2009 prey. Consisting of 90 species in two genera, Stethorus and Parasthethorus, the tribe is practically cosmo- Accepted 25 May 2009 politan.
  • And Phorodon Humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Oregon Hop Yards

    And Phorodon Humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Oregon Hop Yards

    Development of Biological Control of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Phorodon humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Oregon Hop Yards Woods, J. L., Dreves, A. J., James, D. G., Lee, J. C., Walsh, D. B., & Gent, D. H. (2014). Development of Biological Control of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Phorodon humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Oregon Hop Yards. Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(2), 570-581. doi:10.1603/EC13488 10.1603/EC13488 Entomological Society of America Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse BIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL Development of Biological Control of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Phorodon humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Oregon Hop Yards 1 1 2 3 2 4,5 J. L. WOODS, A. J. DREVES, D. G. JAMES, J. C. LEE, D. B. WALSH, AND D. H. GENT J. Econ. Entomol. 107(2): 570Ð581 (2014); DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EC13488 ABSTRACT The temporal development of biological control of arthropod pests in perennial crop- ping systems is largely unreported. In this study, the development of biological control of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Schrank), in a new planting of hop in Oregon is described over a period of 9 yr (2005Ð2013). Both the abundance and diversity of natural enemies increased over time. Known predators of hop aphid (Coccinellidae and Antho- coridae) were present in all years; however, stable biological control of hop aphid was not achieved in most years and aphicides were required to suppress populations at commercially acceptable levels in 5 of 9 yr. Populations of aphidophagous coccinellids developed synchronously with hop aphid populations, and temporal correlations indicated these are the primary predatory insect associated with hop aphid regulation.
  • Tetranychus Diagnosis

    Tetranychus Diagnosis

    2005 The scientific and technical content of this document is current to the date published and all efforts were made to obtain relevant and published information on the pest. New information will be included as it becomes available, or when the document is reviewed. The material contained in this publication is produced for general information only. It is not intended as professional advice on any particular matter. No person should act or fail to act on the basis of any material contained in this publication without first obtaining specific, independent professional advice. Plant Health Australia and all persons acting for Plant Health Australia in preparing this publication, expressly disclaim all and any liability to any persons in respect of anything done by any such person in reliance, whether in whole or in part, on this publication. The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of Plant Health Australia. Introduction to Tetranychus Tetranychus PART 1: Tetranychus Introduction Spider mites are among the best-known of the Acari, yet their identification remains a persistent challenge to experts and non-experts alike. The costs incurred from crop losses and control strategies are measured in millions of dollars, but agricultural entomologists frequently blame this damage on a few common species (e.g., Two-spotted spider mite or European red mite) without checking species identification. Our goal here is to demystify as much as possible spider mites of the genus Tetranychus. With some practice and a decent microscope, we hope that entomologists involved in the agricultural sector should be able to determine what species are causing damage.

  • Biology and Life Table of Stethorus Tridens Fed Tetranychus Bastosi on Physic Nut

    Bulletin of Insectology 73 (1): 111-116, 2020 ISSN 1721-8861 eISSN 2283-0332 Biology and life table of Stethorus tridens fed Tetranychus bastosi on physic nut Jessica Faria COSTA, Cláudia Helena Cysneiros MATOS, Carlos Romero Ferreira de OLIVEIRA, Gabriel Alves dos SANTOS Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil Abstract This study provides information about the life cycle of the predator Stethorus tridens Gordon (Coleoptera Coccinellidae), and its potential to control the pest Tetranychus bastosi Tuttle, Baker et Sales (Acari Tetranychidae). Life table parameters of S. tridens fed T. bastosi infesting physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) were evaluated. The mean life cycle of S. tridens was 12.35 days and mean longevity was 57.1 days, with an average of 101.1/female. The life table parameters of S. tridens were: specific fertility came to a maximum of 2.49 eggs; survival probability: 0.92%; net reproduction rate: 53.05 individuals; average generation time: 17.09 days; intrinsic rate of growth: 0.23 females/day; finite rate of increase: 1.26 individuals/female; and population doubling time: 2.98 days. These results indicate that S tridens develops successfully when fed T. bastosi on J. curcas. Key words: biological parameters, Jatropha curcas, Stethorini, red spider mite, Tetranychidae. Introduction Driesche (1999), there are several approaches to evalu- ate the impact of natural enemies on biological systems, Coccinellids of the genus Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera and one is life table construction and analysis. Coccinellidae) are specialist predators of tetranychid In this context, the development and fertility life table mites (Putman, 1955), and they forage on a wide range parameters of S.
  • The Genome of Tetranychus Urticae Reveals Herbivorous Pest Adaptations

    The Genome of Tetranychus Urticae Reveals Herbivorous Pest Adaptations

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Digital.CSIC ARTICLE doi:10.1038/nature10640 The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations Miodrag Grbic´1,2*, Thomas Van Leeuwen3*, Richard M. Clark4*, Stephane Rombauts5,6, Pierre Rouze´5,6, Vojislava Grbic´1,2, Edward J. Osborne4, Wannes Dermauw3, Phuong Cao Thi Ngoc5,6,Fe´lix Ortego7, Pedro Herna´ndez-Crespo7, Isabel Diaz8, Manuel Martinez8, Maria Navajas9,E´lio Sucena10,11, Sara Magalha˜es12, Lisa Nagy13, Ryan M. Pace13, Sergej Djuranovic´14, Guy Smagghe3, Masatoshi Iga3, Olivier Christiaens3, Jan A. Veenstra15, John Ewer16, Rodrigo Mancilla Villalobos16, Jeffrey L. Hutter17, Stephen D. Hudson17, Marisela Velez18, Soojin V. Yi19, Jia Zeng19, Andre Pires-daSilva20, Fernando Roch21, Marc Cazaux1, Marie Navarro1, Vladimir Zhurov1, Gustavo Acevedo1, Anica Bjelica1, Jeffrey A. Fawcett5,6{, Eric Bonnet5,6{, Cindy Martens5,6, Guy Baele5,6, Lothar Wissler22, Aminael Sanchez-Rodriguez23, Luc Tirry3, Catherine Blais24, Kristof Demeestere25, Stefan R. Henz26, T. Ryan Gregory27, Johannes Mathieu28, Lou Verdon29, Laurent Farinelli30, Jeremy Schmutz31,32, Erika Lindquist32,Rene´ Feyereisen33 & Yves Van de Peer5,6 The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest with an extensive host plant range and an extreme record of pesticide resistance. Here we present the completely sequenced and annotated spider mite genome, representing the first complete chelicerate genome. At 90 megabases T. urticae has the smallest sequenced arthropod genome. Compared with other arthropods, the spider mite genome shows unique changes in the hormonal environment and organization of the Hox complex, and also reveals evolutionary innovation of silk production. We find strong signatures of polyphagy and detoxification in gene families associated with feeding on different hosts and in new gene families acquired by lateral gene transfer.
  • Habitat Planning for Beneficial Insects Guidelines for Conservation Biological Control

    Habitat Planning for Beneficial Insects Guidelines for Conservation Biological Control

    Habitat Planning for Beneficial Insects Guidelines for Conservation Biological Control Jennifer Hopwood, Eric Lee-Mäder, Lora Morandin, Mace Vaughan, Claire Kremen, Jessa Kay Cruz, James Eckberg, Sarah Foltz Jordan, Kelly Gill, Thelma Heidel-Baker, and Sara Morris Habitat Planning for Beneficial Insects Guidelines for Conservation Biological Control Jennifer Hopwood Eric Lee-Mäder Lora Morandin Mace Vaughan Claire Kremen Jessa Kay Cruz James Eckberg Sarah Foltz Jordan Kelly Gill Thelma Heidel-Baker Sara Morris The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation www.xerces.org © 2016 by The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation is a nonprofit organization that protects wildlife through the conservation of invertebrates and their habitat. Established in 1971, the Society is at the forefront of invertebrate protection, harnessing the knowledge of scientists and enthusiasm of citizens to implement conservation programs worldwide. The Society uses advocacy, education, and applied research to promote invertebrate conservation. The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation 628 NE Broadway Ste. 200 , Portland, OR 97232 tel 503.232.6639 • fax 503.233.6794 • www.xerces.org Regional offices in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin. The Xerces Society is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Acknowledgments This material is based upon work supported by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (grant number 69-3A75-12-253). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Financial support to the Xerces Society for the development of this guide was provided by the Audrey & J.J.