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New CSC Computing Resources
New CSC computing resources Atte Sillanpää, Nino Runeberg CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. Outline CSC at a glance New Kajaani Data Centre Finland’s new supercomputers – Sisu (Cray XC30) – Taito (HP cluster) CSC resources available for researchers CSC presentation 2 CSC’s Services Funet Services Computing Services Universities Application Services Polytechnics Ministries Data Services for Science and Culture Public sector Information Research centers Management Services Companies FUNET FUNET and Data services – Connections to all higher education institutions in Finland and for 37 state research institutes and other organizations – Network Services and Light paths – Network Security – Funet CERT – eduroam – wireless network roaming – Haka-identity Management – Campus Support – The NORDUnet network Data services – Digital Preservation and Data for Research Data for Research (TTA), National Digital Library (KDK) International collaboration via EU projects (EUDAT, APARSEN, ODE, SIM4RDM) – Database and information services Paituli: GIS service Nic.funet.fi – freely distributable files with FTP since 1990 CSC Stream Database administration services – Memory organizations (Finnish university and polytechnics libraries, Finnish National Audiovisual Archive, Finnish National Archives, Finnish National Gallery) 4 Current HPC System Environment Name Louhi Vuori Type Cray XT4/5 HP Cluster DOB 2007 2010 Nodes 1864 304 CPU Cores 10864 3648 Performance ~110 TFlop/s 34 TF Total memory ~11 TB 5 TB Interconnect Cray QDR IB SeaStar Fat tree 3D Torus CSC -
Cray XD1™ Supercomputer Release 1.3
CRAY XD1 DATASHEET Cray XD1™ Supercomputer Release 1.3 ■ Purpose-built for HPC — delivers exceptional application The Cray XD1 supercomputer combines breakthrough performance interconnect, management and reconfigurable computing ■ Affordable power — designed for a broad range of HPC technologies to meet users’ demands for exceptional workloads and budgets performance, reliability and usability. Designed to meet ■ Linux, 32 and 64-bit x86 compatible — runs a wide variety of ISV the requirements of highly demanding HPC applications applications and open source codes in fields ranging from product design to weather prediction to ■ Simplified system administration — automates configuration and scientific research, the Cray XD1 system is an indispensable management functions tool for engineers and scientists to simulate and analyze ■ Highly reliable — monitors and maintains system health faster, solve more complex problems, and bring solutions ■ Scalable to hundreds of compute nodes — high bandwidth and to market sooner. low latency let applications scale Direct Connected Processor Architecture Cray XD1 System Highlights The Cray XD1 system is based on the Direct Connected Processor (DCP) architecture, harnessing many processors into a single, unified system to deliver new levels of application � � � ���� � � � Compute� � � Processors performance. ���� � Cray’s implementation of the DCP architecture optimizes message-passing applications by 12 AMD Opteron™ 64-bit single directly linking processors to each other through a high performance interconnect fabric, or dual core processors run eliminating shared memory contention and PCI bus bottlenecks. Linux and are organized as six nodes of 2 or 4-way SMPs to deliver up to 106 GFLOPS* per chassis. Matching memory and I/O performance removes bottlenecks and maximizes processor performance. -
Merrimac – High-Performance and Highly-Efficient Scientific Computing with Streams
MERRIMAC – HIGH-PERFORMANCE AND HIGHLY-EFFICIENT SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING WITH STREAMS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Mattan Erez May 2007 c Copyright by Mattan Erez 2007 All Rights Reserved ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (William J. Dally) Principal Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (Patrick M. Hanrahan) I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (Mendel Rosenblum) Approved for the University Committee on Graduate Studies. iii iv Abstract Advances in VLSI technology have made the raw ingredients for computation plentiful. Large numbers of fast functional units and large amounts of memory and bandwidth can be made efficient in terms of chip area, cost, and energy, however, high-performance com- puters realize only a small fraction of VLSI’s potential. This dissertation describes the Merrimac streaming supercomputer architecture and system. Merrimac has an integrated view of the applications, software system, compiler, and architecture. We will show how this approach leads to over an order of magnitude gains in performance per unit cost, unit power, and unit floor-space for scientific applications when compared to common scien- tific computers designed around clusters of commodity general-purpose processors. -
Cray XT and Cray XE Y Y System Overview
Crayyy XT and Cray XE System Overview Customer Documentation and Training Overview Topics • System Overview – Cabinets, Chassis, and Blades – Compute and Service Nodes – Components of a Node Opteron Processor SeaStar ASIC • Portals API Design Gemini ASIC • System Networks • Interconnection Topologies 10/18/2010 Cray Private 2 Cray XT System 10/18/2010 Cray Private 3 System Overview Y Z GigE X 10 GigE GigE SMW Fibre Channels RAID Subsystem Compute node Login node Network node Boot /Syslog/Database nodes 10/18/2010 Cray Private I/O and Metadata nodes 4 Cabinet – The cabinet contains three chassis, a blower for cooling, a power distribution unit (PDU), a control system (CRMS), and the compute and service blades (modules) – All components of the system are air cooled A blower in the bottom of the cabinet cools the blades within the cabinet • Other rack-mounted devices within the cabinet have their own internal fans for cooling – The PDU is located behind the blower in the back of the cabinet 10/18/2010 Cray Private 5 Liquid Cooled Cabinets Heat exchanger Heat exchanger (XT5-HE LC only) (LC cabinets only) 48Vdc flexible Cage 2 buses Cage 2 Cage 1 Cage 1 Cage VRMs Cage 0 Cage 0 backplane assembly Cage ID controller Interconnect 01234567 Heat exchanger network cable Cage inlet (LC cabinets only) connection air temp sensor Airflow Heat exchanger (slot 3 rail) conditioner 48Vdc shelf 3 (XT5-HE LC only) 48Vdc shelf 2 L1 controller 48Vdc shelf 1 Blower speed controller (VFD) Blooewer PDU line filter XDP temperature XDP interface & humidity sensor -
Jaguar and Kraken -The World's Most Powerful Computer Systems
Jaguar and Kraken -The World's Most Powerful Computer Systems Arthur Bland Cray Users’ Group 2010 Meeting Edinburgh, UK May 25, 2010 Abstract & Outline At the SC'09 conference in November 2009, Jaguar and Kraken, both located at ORNL, were crowned as the world's fastest computers (#1 & #3) by the web site www.Top500.org. In this paper, we will describe the systems, present results from a number of benchmarks and applications, and talk about future computing in the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility. • Cray computer systems at ORNL • System Architecture • Awards and Results • Science Results • Exascale Roadmap 2 CUG2010 – Arthur Bland Jaguar PF: World’s most powerful computer— Designed for science from the ground up Peak performance 2.332 PF System memory 300 TB Disk space 10 PB Disk bandwidth 240+ GB/s Based on the Sandia & Cray Compute Nodes 18,688 designed Red Storm System AMD “Istanbul” Sockets 37,376 Size 4,600 feet2 Cabinets 200 3 CUG2010 – Arthur Bland (8 rows of 25 cabinets) Peak performance 1.03 petaflops Kraken System memory 129 TB World’s most powerful Disk space 3.3 PB academic computer Disk bandwidth 30 GB/s Compute Nodes 8,256 AMD “Istanbul” Sockets 16,512 Size 2,100 feet2 Cabinets 88 (4 rows of 22) 4 CUG2010 – Arthur Bland Climate Modeling Research System Part of a research collaboration in climate science between ORNL and NOAA (National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration) • Phased System Delivery • Total System Memory – CMRS.1 (June 2010) 260 TF – 248 TB DDR3-1333 – CMRS.2 (June 2011) 720 TF • File Systems -
Cray XT3/XT4 Software
Cray XT3/XT4 Software: Status and Plans David Wallace Cray Inc ABSTRACT: : This presentation will discuss the current status of software and development plans for the CRAY XT3 and XT4 systems. A review of major milestones and accomplishments over the past year will be presented. KEYWORDS: ‘Cray XT3’, ‘Cray XT4’, software, CNL, ‘compute node OS’, Catamount/Qk processors, support for larger system configurations (five 1. Introduction rows and larger), a new version of SuSE Linux and CFS Lustre as well as a host of other new features and fixes to The theme for CUG 2007 is "New Frontiers ," which software deficiencies. Much has been done in terms of reflects upon how the many improvements in High new software releases and adding support for new Performance Computing have significantly facilitated hardware. advances in Technology and Engineering. UNICOS/lc is 2.1 UNICOS/lc Releases moving to new frontiers as well. The first section of this paper will provide a perspective of the major software The last twelve months have been very busy with milestones and accomplishments over the past twelve respect to software releases. Two major releases months. The second section will discuss the current status (UNICOS/lc 1.4 and 1.5) and almost weekly updates have of the software with respect to development, releases and provided a steady stream of new features, enhancements support. The paper will conclude with a view of future and fixes to our customers. UNICOS/lc 1.4 was released software plans. for general availability in June 2006. A total of fourteen minor releases have been released since last June. -
The Gemini Network
The Gemini Network Rev 1.1 Cray Inc. © 2010 Cray Inc. All Rights Reserved. Unpublished Proprietary Information. This unpublished work is protected by trade secret, copyright and other laws. Except as permitted by contract or express written permission of Cray Inc., no part of this work or its content may be used, reproduced or disclosed in any form. Technical Data acquired by or for the U.S. Government, if any, is provided with Limited Rights. Use, duplication or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions described in FAR 48 CFR 52.227-14 or DFARS 48 CFR 252.227-7013, as applicable. Autotasking, Cray, Cray Channels, Cray Y-MP, UNICOS and UNICOS/mk are federally registered trademarks and Active Manager, CCI, CCMT, CF77, CF90, CFT, CFT2, CFT77, ConCurrent Maintenance Tools, COS, Cray Ada, Cray Animation Theater, Cray APP, Cray Apprentice2, Cray C90, Cray C90D, Cray C++ Compiling System, Cray CF90, Cray EL, Cray Fortran Compiler, Cray J90, Cray J90se, Cray J916, Cray J932, Cray MTA, Cray MTA-2, Cray MTX, Cray NQS, Cray Research, Cray SeaStar, Cray SeaStar2, Cray SeaStar2+, Cray SHMEM, Cray S-MP, Cray SSD-T90, Cray SuperCluster, Cray SV1, Cray SV1ex, Cray SX-5, Cray SX-6, Cray T90, Cray T916, Cray T932, Cray T3D, Cray T3D MC, Cray T3D MCA, Cray T3D SC, Cray T3E, Cray Threadstorm, Cray UNICOS, Cray X1, Cray X1E, Cray X2, Cray XD1, Cray X-MP, Cray XMS, Cray XMT, Cray XR1, Cray XT, Cray XT3, Cray XT4, Cray XT5, Cray XT5h, Cray Y-MP EL, Cray-1, Cray-2, Cray-3, CrayDoc, CrayLink, Cray-MP, CrayPacs, CrayPat, CrayPort, Cray/REELlibrarian, CraySoft, CrayTutor, CRInform, CRI/TurboKiva, CSIM, CVT, Delivering the power…, Dgauss, Docview, EMDS, GigaRing, HEXAR, HSX, IOS, ISP/Superlink, LibSci, MPP Apprentice, ND Series Network Disk Array, Network Queuing Environment, Network Queuing Tools, OLNET, RapidArray, RQS, SEGLDR, SMARTE, SSD, SUPERLINK, System Maintenance and Remote Testing Environment, Trusted UNICOS, TurboKiva, UNICOS MAX, UNICOS/lc, and UNICOS/mp are trademarks of Cray Inc. -
Cray DVS: Data Virtualization Service
Cray DVS: Data Virtualization Service Stephen Sugiyama and David Wallace, Cray Inc. ABSTRACT: Cray DVS, the Cray Data Virtualization Service, is a new capability being added to the XT software environment with the Unicos/lc 2.1 release. DVS is a configurable service that provides compute-node access to a variety of file systems across the Cray high-speed network. The flexibility of DVS makes it a useful solution for many common situations at XT sites, such as providing I/O to compute nodes from NFS file systems. A limited set of use cases will be supported in the initial release but additional features will be added in the future. KEYWORDS: DVS, file systems, network protocol used in the communication layer takes advantage 1. Introduction of the high-performance network. The Cray Data Virtualization Service (Cray DVS) is Most file systems are not capable of supporting a network service that provides compute nodes hundreds or thousands or tens of thousands file system transparent access to file systems mounted on service clients. With DVS, there may be thousands of clients that nodes. DVS projects file systems mounted on service connect to a small number of DVS servers; the underlying nodes to the compute nodes: the remote file system file system sees only the aggregated requests from the appears to be local to applications running on the DVS servers. compute nodes. This solves several common problems: • Access to multiple file systems in the data center 2. Architecture • Resource overhead of file system clients on the The Cray XT series of supercomputers contain compute nodes compute nodes and service nodes. -
Accelerators in Cray's Adaptive Supercomputing
Accelerators in Cray's Adaptive Supercomputing NCSA’s Reconfigurable Systems Summer Institute Dave Strenski Application Analyst [email protected] What does a petaflop look like? Theoretical Performance with 10 Gflop/s Nodes 1000 900 800 700 600 Tflop/s 500 400 300 200 1.00000 0.99999 100 0.99990 0.99900 % Parallel 0 0.99000 1 10 0.90000 100 1000 10000 0.00000 Number of Nodes 100000 May 16, 2007 Copyright 2007 – Cray Inc. 2 Supercomputing is increasingly about managing scalability 16,316 • Exponential increase with advent of multi-core chips • Systems with more than 100,000 10,073 processing cores • 80+ core processor expected within the decade 3,518 2,827 3,093 2,230 1,644 1,847 1,245 1,073 722 808 202 408 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Average Number of Processors Per Supercomputer (Top 20) Source: www.top500.org May 16, 2007 Copyright 2007 – Cray Inc. 3 Opportunities to Exploit Heterogeneity Applications vary considerably in their demands Any HPC application contains some form of parallelism • Many HPC apps have rich, SIMD-style data-level parallelism Can significantly accelerate via vectorization • Those that don’t generally have rich thread-level parallelism Can significantly accelerate via multithreading • Some parts of applications are not parallel at all Need fast serial scalar execution speed (Amdahl’s Law) Applications also vary in their communications needs • Required memory bandwidth and granularity Some work well out of cache, some don’t • Required network bandwidth and granularity Some ok with message passing , some need shared memory No one processor/system design is best for all apps May 16, 2007 Copyright 2007 – Cray Inc. -
The Cray XT4 and Seastar 3-D Torus Interconnect
The Cray XT4 and Seastar 3-D Torus Interconnect April 6, 2010 BYLINE Dennis Abts [email protected] Google Inc. Madison, WI USA [email protected] SYNONYMS Cray Red Storm, Cray XT3, Cray XT4, Cray XT5, Cray XT, Interconnection Networks DEFINITION The Cray XT4 system is a distributed memory multiprocessor combining an aggressive superscalar proces- sor (AMD64) with a bandwidth-rich 3-D torus interconnection network that scales up to 32K processing nodes. This chapter provides an overview of the Cray XT4 system architecture and a detailed discussion of its interconnection network. DISCUSSION The physical sciences are increasingly turning toward computational techniques as an alternative to the traditional “wet lab” or destructive testing environments for experimentation. In particular, computational sciences can be used to scale far beyond that of traditional experimental methodologies; opening the door to large-scale climatology and molecular dynamics, for example, which encompass enough detail to ac- curately model the dominant terms that characterize the physical phenomena being studied [2]. These large-scale applications require careful orchestration among cooperating processors to ply these computa- tional techniques effectively. The genesis of the Cray XT4 system was the collaborative design and deployment of the Sandia “Red Storm” computer which provided the computational power necessary to assure safeguards under the nu- clear Stockpile Stewardship Program which seeks to maintain and verify a nuclear weapons arsenal with- out the use of testing. It was later renamed the Cray XT3 and sold commercially in configurations varying from hundreds of processors, to 10s of thousands of processors. An improved processor, faster processor- network interface, along with further optimizations to the software stack and migrating to a lightweight Linux kernel prompted the introduction of the Cray XT4; however, the underlying system architecture and interconnection network remained unchanged. -
A Multifrequency MAC Specially Designed for Wireless Sensor
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science High Performance Computing Facility Operational Assessment, CY 2011 Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility February 2012 Prepared by Arthur S. Bland James J. Hack Ann E. Baker Ashley D. Barker Kathlyn J. Boudwin Doug Hudson Ricky A. Kendall Bronson Messer James H. Rogers Galen M. Shipman Jack C. Wells Julia C. White U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FACILITY OPERATIONAL ASSESSMENT, FY11 OAK RIDGE LEADERSHIP COMPUTING FACILITY Arthur S. Bland Ricky A. Kendall James J. Hack Bronson Messer Ann E. Baker James H. Rogers Ashley D. Barker Galen M. Shipman Kathlyn J. Boudwin Jack C. Wells Doug Hudson Julia C. White February 2012 Prepared by OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6283 managed by UT-BATTELLE, LLC for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. -
INNOVATION for HPC AMD Launches Opteron 6300 Series X86 & Announces 64-Bit ARM Strategy
HPC Advisory Council Switzerland Conference 2013 ROBERTO DOGNINI – HEAD OF COMMERCIAL SALES EMEA MARCH 2013 AGENDA AMD & HPC Opteron 6300 Is AMD out of the server game ? What’s changing.... and roadmap... Products Q&A 2 INNOVATION FOR HPC AMD Launches Opteron 6300 Series x86 & Announces 64-bit ARM Strategy AMD Launches Worlds First 16- Core x86 Server Processor 2012 AMD Opteron Cray ORNL “Titan” Powers First x86 2011 Ranks #1 on Top500 PetaFlop Supercomputer AMD Achieves 2010 Sixth # 1 Spot in Last AMD Launches First x86 Dual- Five Years AMD Launches Core Opteron 2009 Opteron processor processor • First 64-bit x86 • Direct-Connect 2008 24 of the 50 Fastest 2007 Supercomputers on Top500 using 2006 AMD Opteron™ 2005 Top500 # 1 & 2 AMD Technology 2004 processors Power 2003 IBM “Roadrunner” Fastest #1 Cray “Jaguar” #2 Supercomputers in 11 Countries Cray/Sandia Cray Introduces “Red Storm” Rank #2 Cray “Jaguar” Reaches Cray XD1 based on Top500 with on AMD #1 on Top500 & AMD AMD Opteron™ Technology Powers 4 of Opteron™ processors The Top 5 Systems processor 3 3 TODAY: NEW AMD OPTERON™ 6300 SERIES PROCESSORS OPTIMIZED FOR HPC TCO AMD Opteron™ 6300 Series Processors Scalable Performance Energy Efficient Cost Effective . Scalability under heavy load – . Up to 40% higher performance . Low acquisition costs maintain SLAs at peak times per watt than previous generation . The right performance at the . Record-breaking Java right price performance1 . Flexible power management 4 AMD OPTERON™ BULLDOZER MODULE Dedicated Shared at the Shared at the Components module level chip level Fetch Decode Int Int FP Scheduler Scheduler Scheduler Core 1 Core 2 bit bit - - FMAC FMAC 128 128 Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline Pipeline L1 DCache L1 DCache Shared L2 Cache Shared L3 Cache and NB 5 COMPETITIVE PERFORMANCE – 2P SPECFP Perf Per $ 2 x Abu Dhabi 6380 $0.19 2 x SandyBridge E5-2670 $0.16 2 x Abu Dhabi 6386 SE $0.16 2 x SandyBridge E5-2690 $0.12 4 socket...