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Sustainable Development Goals Learning from Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve Sustainable Development Goals learning from Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve Educating the Youth towards Sustainable Future This manual was prepared and developed by: Mammadova Aida (editor), Kanazawa University International Student Center. For the further details of the course, please contact the Course Head, Mammadova Aida ([email protected]) ISBN:978-4-9910364-1-5 Please cite this booklet as; Mammadova. A, (2018) “Sustainable Development Goals, learning from Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve” Kanazawa University, International Student Center, Japan, 33pp Contents Purpose of this manual What are Sustainable Development Goals What are Biosphere Reserves Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve Shiramine village Educating the Youth towards Sustainable Development Goals in Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve I. Summer Experience II. Winter Experience Covering Sustainable Development Goals from Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve Students’ comments on life in Shiramine Questionnaire Acknowledgement Purpose of this manual To act towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is crucial the enrolment of the higher institutions, as they play main role in national development, and they are main educational force to raise the awareness about the social, economic and environmental issues. Also, SDGs are covering particular range of subjects like, agriculture, health, energy, industry, infrastructure, etc, and educational institutions can significantly contribute weather in research, teaching or community engagement. It is the main role of the academic institutions to develop a training course where students can acquire integrative knowledge and monitor how different socio- economical and environmental sectors depend on each other, and function in an integrative manner. It is important to provide the opportunity for the students to directly collaborate with communities and to address local issues, to monitor the sources of those issues and how the issues of one country are similar with other countries. However, educators are facing many challenges while applying the SDGs into the curriculum, as there is no concrete methodology for their applications. Due to the big amount of goals, it is hard to grasp all of them in one curriculum, and also it is very hard to divide those goals for particular course, as they are very connected with each other. Another challenge is to implement those goals at the regional level, which sometime can appear that not all goals are relevant to the regional issues. Saying more, not all environmental, social or economic issues are solely about sustainability and its goals, as they are rather issues related to the human- nature interrelationship, cultural identities and basic human values. Achievement of the SDGs requires the bottom-up approach, and in terms of educational implications, it is very much depends on how well the educators are familiar with the diverse and profound concept of sustainability itself. In our project we decide to create a new methodological approach, through the practical implementation of the SDGs inside the rural areas, and raise awareness in youth towards the social, economic and environment issues. This manual describes the curriculum, conducted by Kanazawa University in Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserves (BRs), as main function of BRs is to provide the educational platform towards the sustainable development. To raise the awareness towards the SDGs, fieldwork activities were performed through the community-service activities and participatory approaches during summer and winter seasons. Evaluation of all 17 SDGs in Shiramine were conducted by the students during and after completion of the course. This booklet was developed as the outcome of our project and we hope that it could be effectively used as the manual for the educators to conduct the fieldwork activities towards the practical implementation of the SDGs inside the Biosphere Reserves. Aida MAMMADOVA Editor in Chief Kanazawa University 2018 What are Sustainable Development Goals? In September 2015, during the United Nations Summit in New York, world leaders adopted “The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”. The agenda carries the new goals and motivations for the world to act towards the sustainable, resilient future, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. Agenda has 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets, which balance the environmental, economic and social dimensions towards the sustainable development on Earth. For the next 15 years, all world leaders must come together to achieve those goals which are critically important for the future development of the humanity. Unique in its kind, the Agenda covers broad spectrum of development issues and increase the focus on developed countries and their role in achieving SDGs by supporting developing countries. All 17 goals are strongly interconnected and depend on each other’s. In order to achieve environmentally sustainable conditions, we need to achieve the stable social, political and economical conditions, with fair distribution of capital and resources, where each individual will be able to meet their own basic human needs. If the economic growth utilizes the natural capital, but in doing so pollutes the air, soil, and water, then at the end it will damage and impair human’s ability for well-being and reduce quality of life. Rather than producing more in quantity, improving qualitative factors will make the system more sustainable and stable. All forms of capital must be utilized in a way that will not compromise the possibilities for future generations to meet their needs. List of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower al women and girls Goal 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all Goal 8: Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries Goal 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources Goal 15: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies Goal 17: Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development What are Biosphere Reserves? Since the 1970’s when the UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme was launched, it has designated the areas with the significant conservational importance throughout the world as the Biosphere Reserves (BRs). This biosphere reserves were designated as the model regions for the sustainable development, whose inhabitants pursue environmental livelihoods and support the development of the sustainable societies and economies of the regions. In 1984, UNESCO has adopted the Action Plan for Biosphere Reserves, underlining the BRs as “protected areas of representative terrestrial and coastal environments which have been internationally recognized for their value in conservation and in providing the scientific knowledge, skill and human values to support sustainable development”. At the begging the idea of BR originated as a tool in the field of the environmental sciences to create the international cooperation for the natural conservation, research and educational activities. However later it evolved to became the trend for the international development. Presently, the purpose of the BR is to promote sustainable socio-economic development of the region by integrating the conservation of biological and cultural diversity, based on the efforts of local communities and stakeholders. BRs has three main functions which were stated in Seville Strategy (UNESCO 1995): conservation role with the need of maintaining biological diversity, genetic resources and ecosystems; development role with the need to associate the environmental protection with the development governing principle in the fields of socio-cultural and ecological sustainability; logistic role with the need to establish international network in the frames of MAB for monitoring, research, education and information exchange. BR are not just protected areas, their main function is to demonstrate the balanced relationship between the people and nature for the sustainable development. According to Madrid Action Plan, Education for Sustainable Development programmes promote BRs as a “learning site of excellence for sustainable development”, and BRs created a unique and excellent opportunities to act as a learning sites, in ordered to create and implement the national policies and strategies. To secure the sustainable development BRs have three main zonation systems; core, buffer and transition zones. Core zone: often a national park, that requires the legal national protection with limited human activities. The core zone seeks mainly the biodiversity protection, and it can be entered mainly for the
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