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20210607113005157Rdcf5s.Pdf ABSTRACTS Repetition and Revision: Unraveling Gender, Race, and Class Issues in Invisible Man and The Bluest Eye (pp. 5-12) ABSTRACT: In contemporary African American literary studies, gender conflict is a focal issue. Black men and women writers seem to follow two separate literary traditions. Focusing on Morrison’s subversion and revision of Ellison’s novel in terms of gender and her destabilization and expansion of his work in terms of race and class, this paper proposes the concept of “repetition and revision” as a mode of inquiry to analyze African American literature, outlining a possible African American literary tradition that transcends the gender line. Keywords: Black literature, literary tradition, incest, Ralph Ellison, Toni Morrison Author: Zhao Wenshu <[email protected]> is a professor of English at the Institute for International Students，Nanjing University，Nanjing，China (210093). He is currently working on multicultural American literature. Spatializing Time: The Mass Media’s Politics of Memory in Thomas Pynchon’s Vineland (pp. 13-19) ABSTRACT: The quest for history in Thomas Pynchon’s Vineland features a tendency to spatialize time. Based on Bernard Stiegler’s discussion of mnemotechnology, this essay analyzes the spatialized time in the novel. I argue that Pynchon ascribes the spatialization of time to the exteriorization of memory in the mass media as a way to reflect on the decline of liberal ideals and the rise of right-wing conservatism in postmodern America after the 1960s. Keywords: spatialized time, mass media, interiority of memory, exteriorization of memory Author: Li Rongrui <[email protected]> is a Ph.D. candidate at English Department, School of Foreign Languages, Peking University, Beijing, China (100871). Her major research areas are 20th century American literature and narratology. The Fate Community of the Cat and the Woman: On the Gaze in “The White Cat” (pp. 20-25) ABSTRACT: Power relations are implied among the male, female and the cat in “The White Cat” by Joyce Carol Oates, and the cat and the female formulate a fate community to confront suppression by the male. On one hand, Muir dominates his wife Alissa and the white cat Miranda by means of naming, gender designation and his fate- deciding conduct. On the other hand, Alissa and Miranda boycott Muir and subvert his dominating status through Miranda’s animal gaze and the process of Alissa’s becoming-animal and becoming-woman. The questioning of male domination and the affirmation of female and animal independence reflect Oates’ sense of equality between women and men as well as her view of animals. Keywords: “The White Cat”, gaze, Joyce Carol Oates Author: Jiang Lifu <[email protected]> is an associate professor at College of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China (2111106). His major academic interests include animal studies and zoocriticism. Nathan Englander as One of the Third-Generation Jewish American Writers (pp. 26-33) ABSTRACT: By returning to Jewish roots and reflecting on the Holocaust and Jewish resentment, contemporary Jewish American literature has found new ways to fuel its current boom. An important representative of the third-generation Jewish American writers, Nathan Englander in his recent works shows how contemporary Jewish American writers culturally position themselves. They return from assimilation to Jewishness but avoid defying mainstream culture; they offer a sympathetic understanding of the Jewish resentment but suggest that love and compromise provide the solution to ethnic hatred; they question the master narrative of Holocaust and its role in constructing Jewish identity. Keywords: third-generation Jewish American writers, return to Jewishness, revenge, Holocaust Authors: Tang Weisheng <[email protected]> is a professor at Faculty of English Language and Culture, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China (510420), specializing in narratology and contemporary American literature. Long Yanxia <[email protected]> is a lecturer at School of Foreign Studies, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (510515), specializing in English and American literature. A Thematic Reading of Jonathan Safran Foer’s Everything Is Illuminated (pp. 34-39) ABSTRACT: Jonathan Safran Foer recurrently addresses the theme of memory in his works. Inspired by his long-term personal accumulation of memories, these works embody his artistic representation of memories from bitter personal experiences, tragic ethnic history, and painful national trauma. By tracing Foer’s reminiscences of the past in his novel Everything Is Illuminated, this article examines how he laboriously digs into the past, writes about the past and relives the past to create characters and analyze religious faith, integrating both fictional and real memories, dispelling the fear of being misunderstood, and eventually achieving the goal of transcending reality. Keywords: Jonathan Safran Foer, Everything Is Illuminated, memory, forgetting Authors: Wei Xinjun <wxjheda @163.com> is an associate professor of English at China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (211198). His major academic interests include British literature, American literature and western literary theory. Zhang Guoshen <zhangguoshen [email protected]> is a professor of English at China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (211198). His research interest is in British and American literature. A White Garden of Eden: The Racial Problem in American Pastoral (pp. 40-45) ABSTRACT: In American Pastoral, Philip Roth portrays a Jewish protagonist who tries to get into the American mainstream. Analyzing the dominant role that whiteness plays in familial, national and international spheres, this article discusses the inevitable failure of the character’s idyllic ideal and his efforts to acquire equal citizenship, arguing that the popular image of America as the Garden of Eden is nothing but a white myth. Keywords: Philip Roth, American Pastoral, whiteness studies, race Author: Wang Lixia <[email protected]> is a Ph.D. candidate at School of Foreign Languages, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (215006) and a lecturer at School of Foreign Languages, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China (212000). Her academic interest is in contemporary American literature. Viewing and Being Viewed: Historical Spectacles in Colum McCann’s Let the Great World Spin (pp. 46-54) ABSTRACT: In Colum McCann’s post-9/11 novel Let the Great World Spin, the 9/11 terrorist event in 2001 is represented along with the spectacle of a high-wire performance between the twin towers of the World Trade Center in 1974. Juxtaposing the two historical spectacles enables McCann to imaginatively write back to the 9/11 event and convey his post-9/11 concerns through a narrative quite different from media and official narratives. Through fictional interaction between spectators and spectacles, McCann endeavors to transcend trauma narrative and suggests means of achieving existential equilibrium and spiritual redemption in the current era of loss and crisis. Keywords: Colum McCann, Let the Great World Spin, post-9/11 fiction, historical spectacle Author: Wang Wei <[email protected]> is a lecturer at International College, Qingdao University, Shandong, China (266071), specializing in modern and contemporary American literature. Native American Self-Narration and the Sense of Community in Contemporary Native American Autobiographies (pp. 55-62) ABSTRACT: Native Americans have a long-standing tradition of self-narration which differs fundamentally from white autobiography that centers on the individual. With a sense of community as its primary concern, Native American self-narration stresses the integration of the individual into the community and voices community interests and demands through narratives of personal experience. In early Native American self- narrations, the sense of community is in accord with the common aspiration to maintain or strengthen tribal interconnection and to obtain community recognition and praise. In Native American autobiographies written during the transitional period, the sense of community manifests itself more in exposure of white colonization and nostalgia for cultural and spiritual traditions of the tribe. In expressing a shared sense of community, contemporary Native American autobiographers condemn the genocide of Native Americans by white colonists and articulate intense concerns about the destiny of Native American communities. They also shoulder the responsibility of advocating Native American culture and devotedly explore how to re-embrace traditional faith and reconstruct self-identity within the community. Keywords: Native American self-narration, contemporary Native American autobiography, sense of community Authors: Zou Huiling <[email protected]> is a professor of English at Native American Literature and Culture Research Center and School of Foreign Studies, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China (221116). Her research areas cover British and American literature. Zhu Wenyao <[email protected]> is an M.A. student at Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China (221116), majoring in American literature. On Spatial Writing and the Question of Identity in “The Third and Final Continent” (pp. 63-69) ABSTRACT: “The Third and Final Continent,” the last piece of the short story collection Interpreter of Maladies by Indian American author Jhumpa Lahiri, narrates a story about an Indian immigrant shuttling between
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