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der. Theoffensive continuesuntilthe network ofsecrettunnelsalongthe bor- Islamic Jihadpositionsanddestroy the land offensivetoneutraliseHamas and tion Protective Edge which includes a from GazawiththeactivationofOpera - rael responds totherocket launches .Thus,throughoutJuly, Is- armed fightingbetweenIsraelandthe blown hostility with the breakout of salem turns the stalemate into full- murder ofayoungPalestinianinJeru- before nearHebron,followedbythe three young kidnapped days discovery on30Juneofthebodies to resumenegotiations.Thesubsequent ment also contribute to hindering efforts members oftheIsraeli coalition govern- and pressurefromtheultra-nationalist tlements inPalestine-claimedterritory of new constructions intheJewish set- cess. ForIsrael’spart,theauthorisation suspension oftherapprochementpro- comes tofruitioninJune,leadsthe ment betweenFatahandHamas,which ment to form a Palestinian unity govern- This, togetherwithApril’sannounce- ternational UNtreatiesandconventions. Abbas’ decisiontoapplyjoin15in- lowing the PNA President Mahmoud decision thatisputonholdinAprilfol- oners heldinIsraelsincelate2013,a release ofthousandsPalestinianpris- also supportedbyJordan,includesthe Part ofthisprocessrapprochement, the peacetalkscontinuestoadvance. State JohnKerry’sinitiativetorelaunch first halfof2014,theUSSecretary the Gaza Strip. Notwithstanding, in the andHamas,therulinggroupin reached inNovember2012between endangering thefragiletruceagreement between IsraelandtheIslamicJihad March seesaresurgenceofviolence in IsraelandPalestine Chronology ofEvents Chronologies layed untilKerry’s departure toavoid and EastJerusalem.Thedecision, de- homes insettlementstheWest Bank announces thetenderfor1,400 new peace process,theIsraeligovernment lem andRamallahtoreactivate the Israel followinghistenthtriptoJerusa - Secretary ofStateJohnKerry leaves • regularisation as political refugees. end tothedetentionsandaskfortheir (Parliament) inJerusalemtodemandan 8 JanuaryoutsidetheKnessetbuilding call astrikeandholdmassproteston trean arrivinginIsraelthroughEgypt, immigrants, mostlySudaneseandEri- • Israel January 2014 Israeli Nationality Law. PNA andNovember’sapprovalofthe larly withrespecttorelationsthe bers on practically all fronts, particu 2015 duetodifferencesamongmem- and earlyelectionsarecalledforMarch government breaksapartinDecember Justice. In Israel, the unstable coalition bership oftheInternationalCourt ’s formalrequestforfullmem- PNA’s announcement in December of West BankandEastJerusalemthe state, an increase in violence in the and governmentsofPalestineasa recognitions byWestern parliaments quarter of the year is marked by new most ahundredIsraelisdead.Thefinal more than2,100Palestiniansandal- after 50daysofconflictwhichleaves tion achievesaceasefiredeclaration end ofAugust,whenEgyptian media- On 10 January four days after the US On 5Januarythousandsofirregular - demands that the Economy Minister and demands thatthe EconomyMinisterand • to the same end. President MahmoudAbbas’svisit to The visitcomesaweekafterthe PNA launch theUS-brokeredpeaceprocess. King Abdullah II in an attempt to re unexpected visittoJordantalkwith ister, BenjaminNetanyahumadean • approval on a framework agreement. comes toanendon6Januarywithout post on1February2013.Thevisit the peace talkssincehe assumed the his tenthvisittotheregionreactivate John Kerry arrivesinTel Avivtobegin • Peace Negotiations cember 2013 to demand a pay rise. in thearea,whichbeganearlyDe- es oftheUnitedNationsworkers’ strike blocks inprotestovertheconsequenc- Bank setfiretotyresanduproad- Palestinian refugeecampsintheWest • unity government. end of2013toachieveaPalestinian which havebeeninprocesssincethe negotiations between Fatah and • Palestine 2006, passes away. Minister ofIsraelbetween2001and • coalition government. from themoderatemembersof it Hayehudi)andismetwithcriticism the farrightpartyJewishHome(Habay- the ConstructionMinisterUriAriel,from conflict withtheUS,isannouncedby On 29JanuaryBenjaminNetanyahu On 16 January the Israeli Prime Min- On 1JanuarytheUSStateSecretary On 9 Januaryseveralresidentsof On 8Januarythemediareportsnew On 11JanuaryArielSharon,Prime -

IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 383 Chronologies Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 384 Chronologies Appendices . NATO forcesintheterritoryof future Mahmoud Abbasforthedeployment of opposes theproposalofPNAPresident • Israel February 2014 Israeli soldiers. settlement ofOfra,intheWest Bank,by shot deadinthevicinityofIsraeli refugeecampinRamallahis • on , Gaza. Sharon, arekilledinanIsraeliairstrike neral offormerPrimeMinisterAriel siles intoIsraeliterritoryduringthefu- Islamic Jihad accused oflaunching mis- • the last eight years. kind ofattackshasmultipliedfourfoldin itself. According to a UN report, this andevenontheIsraeliarmy attacks carriedoutbyIsraelisettlerson is thelastcaseofso-calledprice-tag dents, theyattackedateenageboy. This Kusra where,accordingtolocalresi- beating oftwosettlerswhoentered Istia, theWest Bank,inresponseto the tlers trytoburndownamosqueinDir • employs full security measures. Minister , for which Israel hours beforethefuneralofformerPrime from theGazaStripintosouthernIsrael, • Conflicts between the Parties tlers remaining in Palestinian territory. PNA wouldneveragreetoIsraeliset- Negotiator SaebErekatassuresthatthe cism. Forhispart,thePalestinianChief government, Bennettretractshiscriti- Home’s expulsionfromthecoalition Hours later,underthethreatofJewish but livingunderPalestiniansovereignty. to considerJewishsettlersremaining PNA andIsrael,thepossibilitymayexist agreement were reached between the Netanyahu had stated that if apeace ister’s declarations at the Davos Forum. gise forhiscriticismofthePrimeMin- Home, NaftaliBennet,publiclyapolo- leader oftheultra-orthodoxpartyJewish On 17 February On 17 February Benjamin Netanyahu On 29 January a Palestinian from the On 22Januarytwomembersofthe On 15 January a group of Israeli set On 13Januarytworocketsarefired - or civiliannational serviceforHaredi the law introducing military conscription tion receivesparliamentaryapproval for • isters at 18. and setsthemaximumnumberof min- tary representationfrom2%to3.25% the thresholdforobtainingparliamen- proves the electoral reform that raises from theopposition,Knessetap- • M-302 rockets to the Gaza Strip. andcarryingSyrian-manufactured al waters in the Red Sea, travelling from nian-flagged shipKlosCininternation- nounces ithasinterceptedthePanama- • ty Yesh Atid. Minister and leader of the centrist par- move drivenbyYair Lapid,Finance from compulsorymilitaryservice,a most exemptionsofrabbinicalstudents the lawthat,asof2017,willeliminate ple demonstrateinJerusalemagainst • Israel March 2014 the end of April2014. ing anewnegotiatingframeworkbefore Palestine andwiththeaimofestablish- tiations toresumebetweenIsraeland of Kerry’s initiativeforthepeacenego- Mahmoud Abbas meet in Paris aspart • Peace Negotiations lar Resistance Committees. Strip injuring two members of the Popu- a missilethatlandsinthemiddleof Gaza attacks,theIsraeliarmylaunches into southernIsrael.Inresponsetothe Islamic Jihadfiringmissilesfrom Gaza with harshmeasuresifitfailstostopthe • Conflicts between the Parties for trafficking arms to Hezbollah. in thearea,knowntobearegularroute sources admittounusualaerialactivity to theborderwithSyria.Israelidefence fires onatarget in eastLebanon,close • On 13Marchthegovernmentcoali - On 12March,despiteaboycott On 5MarchtheIsraelinavyan- On 2Marcharound400,000peo- On 19FebruaryJohnKerry and On 9FebruaryIsraelthreatensHamas On 24FebruarytheIsraeliAirForce ders legalaction tobetakenagainsta • Israel April 2013 work for the peace talks proposal ofanewnegotiatingframe- lah IIofJordaninAqabatoadvancethe • Peace Negotiations in a raid on the . from Fatah’sal-AqsaMartyrs’ Brigades, Jihad’s armedwing,andYazen Jabarin, with MahmoudAbuZeina,fromIslamic Hamza Abuel-Hija,shotdead,together of itsleadingfiguresintheWest Bank, warns thatitwillavengethedeathofone • without causing any damages. HaNegev, ,SderotandEshkol Gaza bytheIslamicJihadlandinShaar • 29 Islamic Jihad positions in Gaza. response, the Israeli air force attacks truce agreement in November 2012. In attack launchedfromGazasincethe southern Israel.Thisisthemostserious Silence and fires some 80 missiles into group launchesOperationBreakingthe ern Israelhoursearlier,theterrorist militants who fired a missile into south Israeli armykillingthreeIslamicJihad • Israel. preparing tofirearocketintosouthern the GazaStripkillstwoPalestinians • Conflicts between the Parties soldiers are injured. the GolanHeightsinwhichfourIsraeli sponse tothepreviousnight’sattackin several Syrianmilitarytargetsinre- • Zeev and 146 in Har Homa. , 40 of which are in Pisgat construction of186newhomesinEast • prodigies. only exceptionof1,800so-calledTorah Yeshiva (religious academies) with the students (ultra-Orthodox ) of the On 9AprilBenjaminNetanyahu or- On 6MarchJohnKerry meetsAbdul- On 22MarchHamas’ armedwing On 14Marchsixrocketsfiredfrom On 12March,inresponsetothe On 3March an Israeliairstrike on On 19MarchtheIsraeliarmybombs On 19MarchIsraelauthorisesthe - cupied territories. struction workin settlements in the oc- held inIsraeliprisonsandfreezing con- rael releasing400Palestinianprisoners since the eighties, in exchange for Is- Jonathan Pollard imprisonedintheUS the USwillreleaseUS-Israeli spy • Peace Negotiations Six Palestinian civilians are injured. tion ofaPalestinianunitygovernment. lowing theannouncementofforma- bombs thenorthofGazaStrip,fol- • Conflicts between the Parties compatible with the peace negotiations. agreement withHamaswouldbein- warns the Fatah-led PNA that any leadership ofMahmoudAbbas.Israel a unitygovernment,intheoryunderthe 2015 andtheformation,beforeJuly, of includes calling elections in January nounce areconciliationagreementthat • ventions. 15 internationalUNtreatiesandcon- documents torequestmembershipof • plosives. but rathertheincorrecthandlingofex- stalled inasafelocatedtheembassy, the explosionofasecuritydevicein- Jamal on1Januarywasnotcausedby tinian ambassadorinPragueJamelal- announces thatthedeathofPales- • Palestine prisoners. authorises freshreleasesofPalestinian abandon thecoalitionifgovernment jamin Netanyahuthatthepartywill tionalist party Jewish Home, warns Ben - my Ministerandleaderoftheultra-na- • Ofek-10. sophisticated spysatelliteintoorbit,the • of unauthorised homes. lus, afterthearmydemolishesaseries in theYitzharsettlement,closetoNab- cused ofinjuringseveralIsraelisoldiers group ofpro-settlementactivistsac- On 1AprilJohnKerry tellsIsraelthat On 23ApriltheIsraeliairforce On 23AprilFatahandHamasan- On 1April Mahmoud Abbas signs On 1ApriltheCzechpoliceforce On 11AprilNaftaliBennett,Econo- On 10 April Israel launches its most thorities. lack ofsupportfromtheIsraeli au- with thePalestinianpopulationand the of soldiers facing constant clashes tary service –againstthevulnerability army orundertakingcompulsory mili- lis – cebook oftensthousandsIsrae- unprecedented massprotestonFa- • Israel May 2014 without results. peace negotiationscometoanend framework agreementtoreactivatethe parties hadsettoreachaUS-brokered • struction of Israel. holocaust andiscommittedtothede- controlling Gazacontinuestodenythe reminding himthattheterroristgroup Abbas formakingapactwithHamas times. Benjamin Netanyahu criticises crime againsthumanityinmodern the Jewishpeopleasmosthorrific bas, describestheHolocaustagainst MahmoudAb- hoah (HolocaustDay), larations givenontheeveofYom HaS- • was no such meeting scheduled. gotiator SaebErekatassuresthatthere same day, althoughthePalestinianNe- gotiating sessionscheduledforthe unity government,Israelcancelsane- of theformationaFatahandHamas • ing power" if the peace talks fail again. rael a legalcommitment as an “occupy- ens todissolvethePNAandgivingIs- • . es new economic sanctions against 2013. Inaddition,Jerusalemannounc- promised toreleaseinthesummerof oners outofatotal104thatIsraelhad of thefourthbatchPalestinianpris- suspend thereleaseof26members Tzipi Livni announces that Israel will response, theIsraeliJusticeMinister ties andconventionson1April.In tions tojoin15internationalUNtrea- Mahmoud Abbassignstheapplica- talks are on the verge of collapse after • On 1Maythemediareports On 29Apriltheninemonthsthat On 27Aprilinunprecedenteddec- On 23Aprilaftertheannouncement On 21 AprilMahmoudAbbasthreat- On 3Aprileffortstoresumepeace many of them members of the nounces the tender for the construction nounces thetender fortheconstruction • Israel June 2014 peace in the Middle East. the comingweekstopraytogetherfor Peres committogoingtheVatican in presidents MahmoudAbbasandShimon Middle East. The Israeli and Palestinian and Palestineduringhisshorttourofthe • Peace Negotiations . arrest ofayoungPalestinianmanfrom in Tapuah, theWest Bank,withthe bomb attackatamilitarycheckpoint claim tohavepreventedasuicide • strike in the Ofer military prison. arrested without charges and on hunger protest forthePalestinianprotesters who were participating in asolidarity teenagers inBeitunia,theWest Bank, • Conflicts between the Parties the Holyland corruption case. ing hispostasMayorofJerusalem,in imprisonment for accepting bribesdur- the Tel AvivDistrictCourttosixyears’ Minister EhudOlmertissentencedby • diplomatic ties in 1993. solved sincebothstatesestablished whose ownershiphasremainedunre- Cenacle onMountZioninJerusalem, Vatican tosharesovereigntyofthe agreement between Israel and the call for holy war against aneventual comes hoursafterultra-OrthodoxJews community in Israel. The statement acts ofvandalismagainsttheChristian expresses hisconcernatthemounting in PatriarchofJerusalemFouadTwal end ofthemonth.On12MayLat- who is visiting the Middle East at the in the old city welcoming Pope Francis, lic Churchremovetheposterlocated demands that the Catho- municipal legislation, the Jerusalem • On 4 June the Israeli government an On 25MayPope FrancisvisitsIsrael On 30MayIsraelimilitarysources On 15MayIsraelisoldierskilltwo On 13MaytheformerIsraeliPrime On 11Maystatingthatitviolates -

IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 385 Chronologies Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 386 Chronologies Appendices Hamdallah’s new Palestinianrecon- • countries. possible criticismfromcertain donor at MahmoudAbbas’ request, toavoid answer tothePNAandnot PLO, of Prisoners’ Affairswillcontinue to spite Hamas’ opposition.TheMinister will continueasForeignMinisterde- sition ofInteriorMinister.RiyadMaliki Hamdallah, whoalsoassumesthepo- Prime Minister in the Rami government is headed by the current Mahmoud Abbas.Thetechnocratic posts inRamallah’sMukataa,before its 17ministers are sworn into their interim nationalunitygovernmentand announce thecompositionofnew warnings fromIsrael,FatahandHamas • reached in April. ance withthereconciliationagreement holding ofelectionsin2015,accord- lah asaninterimcabinetpendingthe will comeintobeingon2JuneinRamal- unity governmentagreedwithHamas official website Al-Rai that the new Azzam el-AhmedannouncesonHamas’ • Palestine ing and Iraq. ist threatspreadingthroughneighbour- a defence agreement against the Jihad • and strengthens its positions in the area. tacks severalrebelpositionsinSyria Syria. Inresponse,theIsraeliarmyat- the areasinceoutbreakofwarin Golan Heights.Thisisthefirstfatalityin Syrian territoryleavesonedeadinthe • Tzipi Livni’s centrist Hatnuah party. second round,fromJusticeMinister after defeating Meir Scheetrit in the becomes the country’s tenth President from Likud’smoreconservativewing, Peres as President of Israel. Rivlin, Reuven RivlinassuccessortoShimon • terrorist organisation. poses due to Hamas’ classification as a new unitygovernment,whichIsraelop- with theannouncementofPalestine’s West Bank,adecisionthatcoincides tlements inEastJerusalemandthe of some1,500newhomesintheset- On 9 June Hamas blames Rami On 2Junedespiteoppositionand On 1JuneaFatahrepresentative On 28JuneJordanandIsraelreach On 22 June a missile launched from On 10JunetheParliamentelects - protestors. ment endsinfightingwithPalestinian soldiers. Theensuingmilitarydeploy - dead inthevillageofHalhulby Israeli who went missing on 12 June are found • Israeli government. after reaching an agreement with the test against their administrative arrests end atwo-monthhungerstrikeinpro- • the south of the Strip. in northGazaandanarmsdeposit air strike on five underground launchers rial damages.Israelrespondswithan a fifth in Sedot causing mate- two landinginPalestinianterritoryand defence system, another two ofwhich are neutralised byIsrael’s missiles launchedatsouthernIsrael, ing aPalestiniangirl.Thisisoneoffive house inBeitLahia,northGaza,kill- Gaza toAshkelon,misfiresandhitsa • the raids. Palestinians arekilledinclashesduring operation. On22Juneafurthertwo clashes duringthesearchandarrest another Palestinian is killed infresh locate the missing people. On 20 June es carried out by the Israeli army to fight eruptsinJeninduringthesearch- On18Juneanintensefire- the PNA. agreement reachedbetweenIsraeland were releasedin2011underthe arrests afurther51Palestinians,who of thethreekidnappedIsraelis,Israel of Operation Return Brothers in search rests. On17Juneduringthesixthday area,makinghundredsofar- spread raidsintheensuingdays the security forces carry out wide- jamin NetanyahublamesHamasand tlement inHebronarekidnapped.Ben- hitchhiking neartheGushEtzionset- • ian opened fire on a border patrol. Bank, whichbeganwhenthePalestin- Nablus duringashootoutintheWest killed and an Israeli soldier injured in • Conflicts between the Parties May. ants areyettoreceivesalariesfrom crisis inGazawhereHamascivilserv- ciliation governmentforthesalary On 31JunethethreeyoungIsraelis On 25JunedozensofPalestinians On 25Juneamissilelaunchedfrom On 12 June three young Israelis On 3JuneaPalestinianmilitantis an endtothehostilities forfivehours,a • tive Edge. and IsraelresumesOperationProtec - hundred rocketsarefiredfrom Gaza plete agreement with Israel. Around a Hamas rejects any truce prior to a com posal foraceasefire.Fortheirpart, Gaza afteracceptinganEgyptianpro- • system. 22 areinterceptedbytheIronDome 130 rocketsarelaunchedatIsrael.Just tect thepeopleofGaza.Thesameday, asks theinternationalcommunitytopro- into Israeliterritory. TheArabLeague Hamas toceasetherocketlaunches close oftheultimatumgivenbyIsraelfor evacuate their homes in Gaza at the • nuclear plant. salem andareasnearTel Avivandthe Other missilesdoreachpartsofJeru- tercepted bytheIronDomesystem. launches aimedatHaifawhicharein- • launches from Gaza. Protective Edgeagainsttherocket • in Gaza. the Israeli army bombs Hamas positions which continuesthefollowingdaywhile gers majorunrestinEastJerusalem, found westofthecapital.Thenewstrig- who wentmissinginEastJerusalemare charred remainsofayoungPalestinian in theWest Bank. Thesamedaythe bodies ofthreeyoungIsraelismurdered in Gaza,hoursafterthediscoveryof 34 HamasandIslamicJihadpositions • Conflicts between the Parties as President of Israel. • Israel July 2014 to the collapse in negotiations. signs ayearafterhisappointmentdue for PeaceNegotiationsMartinIndykre- • Peace Negotiations On 16 July Israel unilaterally declares On 16JulyIsraelunilaterallydeclares On 15JulyIsraelhaltsitsattackson On 14 July 10,000 Palestinians On 9JulyHamasannouncesrocket On 8JulyIsraelbeginsOperation On 1JulytheIsraeliAirForcebombs On 24JulyReuvenRivlintakesover On 27 June the EU Special Envoy - ernment intheStrip, forcingthelocal and puttinganendtotheHamas gov- march infavourofcontinuingthe war tionalist rightorganisesaseparate offensive onGaza.Inparallel,the na- in Tel Avivcallsforanendtotheland • its units from the Strip. the truce ifIsraeldoesnotfirstwithdraw ceasefire. Hamasrefusestoextend community inParistoprolongthe despite arequestfromtheinternational After the 12 hours, shooting resumes ceasefire, which is acceptedbyHamas. ders asecond12-hourhumanitarian • UNRWA in Beit Hanoun, Gaza. the IsraeliAirForceonaschoolof another 200areinjuredinanattackby • tional flights to Israel. cancellation of the majority of interna- International airport and leads to the lands inthevicinityofBenGurion M75 rocketsatTel Aviv, oneof which • and fifty wounded. on ahospitalinGazaleavesfourdead • soldiers dead. estinians and 13 Israeli officers and raeli offensiveleavesatleast100Pal- On thesameday, inShujaiyya,theIs- seven are killed by an anti-tank missile. killed duringthelandoffensive.Afurther • of secret tunnels and bunkers. would betodestroytheentirenetwork tunnel. Theaimofthelandinvasion tack theSufakibbutzthroughasecret plans arediscoveredforHamastoat- eration ProtectiveEdge,afterfresh fensive onGazainanewphaseofOp- ders thestartofanimmediateland- • the civilian population. military ends,endangeringthesafetyof being usedbymilitiasfromtheStripfor schools andreports that its facilities are 20 rocketsinoneoftheirrefugee ugees intheNearEast(UNRWA) finds and Works AgencyforPalestinianRef- • Gaza. Hamas accepts the ceasefire. tarian aidtobedeliveredciviliansin Process RobertSerrytoallowhumani- Coordinator fortheMiddleEastPeace measure requestedbytheUNSpecial On 26 July a peaceful demonstration On 26Julyapeacefuldemonstration On 26JulyBenjaminNetanyahuor- On 24July16peoplearekilledand On 22JulyHamaslaunchesfour On 21JulyanattackbyIsraeliforces On 20July13Israelisoldiersare On 17JulyBenjaminNetanyahuor- On 17JulytheUnitedNationsRelief Syrian-Israeli border. Israelresponds by astraybulletfromthefighting on the hours afteranIsraelisoldierisinjured in thenorthofGolanHeights, just territory thatlandsinakibbutzlocated injured byamissilefiredfrom Syrian • militants in the Strip. er forcebeusedagainstthePalestinian sign theagreementanddemandgreat- Interior, Yitzhak Aharonovich, refuseto Foreign Affairs,AvigdorLieberman;and isters of the Economy, Naftali Bennett; servative members,headedbytheMin- coalition government,whosemorecon- endangers thesurvivalofIsraeli mas after50daysofconflictinGaza ment reachedbetweenIsraelandHa- • system. aid fortheIsraeliIronDomeanti-missile ditional 168millioneurosinemergency a lawthatallowstheUStogiveanad- • Israel August 2014 all tunnels built by Hamas. from completingtheirmissiontodestroy accept atruce that prevents itssoldiers the UN.Israelannouncesthatitwillnot disaster zone” inaletterofprotestto clares theStriptobea“humanitarian • attacks Shujaiyyah and . es intosouthernIsrael.TheIsraeliarmy which continueswiththerocket launch- 19:00. TheofferisrejectedbyHamas, manitarian window” between 15:00 and ally announces the opening of a “hu- • killed and a further 90 are injured. balia isbombed.Atleast15peopleare • Eshkol by a Palestinian howitzer. civilians arekilledandeightinjuredin Shifa. Inaddition,atleastfourIsraeli bombs theStrip’smainhospital,al- camp inGaza.Onthesameday, Israel Israeli missilethatlandsinarefugee en Palestinianchildrenarekilledbyan which marks the end of Ramadan, sev- • surrounding areasto quell the unrest. police force to deploy officers inthe On 27 August an Israeli civilian is On 26Augusttheceasefireagree- On 5AugustBarackObamaratifies On 31 July Mahmoud Abbas de- On 30 July the Israeli army unilater- On 30JulyanotherUNschoolinJa- On 28JulythedayofEidal-Fitr school-shelter. thataffectsaUnitedNations killed inanattackbytheIsraeliarmy in • petrated by the Israeli army in Gaza. “growing evidenceofwarcrimes” per- rael to assume responsibility for the for HumanRightsNaviPillayasksIs- the Strip. TheUNHighCommissioner total deathtollexceeds1,650in ing totheHealthMinistryinGaza, 30% of the civilian casualties. Accord- and teenagershavedied,representing tective Edge,296Palestinianchildren since thebeginningofOperationPro- • Rafah. Goldin duringascreeningoperationin and thekidnappingofLieutenantHadar cuses Hamasofnewrocketlaunches later. FightingresumesafterIsraelac- and UN,whichisbroken90minutes and HamasattheproposalofUS force agreedthenightbeforebyIsrael • Conflicts between the Parties allegedly spying for . the GazaStrip,whowasmurderedfor of AymanTaha, Hamas’ spokesmanin with the enemy after the body is found recent weeks accused of collaborating ing executedPalestinianmilitantsin • Palestine the West Bank. teenage Israeliswhowerehitchhikingin ping andmurderbyHamasofthree taken in June in response to the kidnap ing into force agovernment decision Gush Etzion, Judea as state land, bring hectares intheGvaotsettlement • Abbas. ing thePalestinianPresidentMahmoud state onthe1967borders,contradict- nies agreeing to create aPalestinian Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu de- • hadists are killed. which atleast20soldiersandfourji- forces loyaltoBasharal-Assad,in al-Nusra Front after intense fighting with which istakenduringthedayby with artillery fire into Quneitra in Syria, On 3Augustatleast10people are On 2AugustUNICEFstatesthat On 1Augustaceasefireentersinto On 7AugustHamasadmitstohav- On 31AugustIsraeldeclares400 On 29 August the Office of Israel’s - -

IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 387 Chronologies Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 388 Chronologies Appendices part, demandsHamas’ demilitarisation. table requestforIsrael,which, for its sea blockade on theStrip, an unaccep- is theimmediateliftingofland and mas’ demandsforextending thetruce the neighbouringterritories.One of Ha- borders tocontrolPalestiniantrade with the EUtosendinspectorsGaza eign Minister asks territory. Thesameday, theIsraeliFor- sponse torocket launches into Israeli eral positions in the Gaza Strip in re- agreed to extend the truce, attacks sev the hostilitiesresume.Israel,whichhad agreement in Cairo for adefinitive truce, with the parties unable to reach an hour ceasefirebrokeredbyEgyptand • 72-hour ceasefirecurrently in force. and IslamicJihadtakingadvantageofthe the PalestinianleadersofHamas,Fatah to negotiateadefinitiveceasefirewith of theDefenceMinistry, arrivesinCairo Amos Gilad,headofthepoliticaloffice head oftheShinBetsecurityagencyand Benjamin Netanyahu, Yoram Cohen, composed ofYitzhakMolcho,adviserto • estinian peopleandtheirjustdemands.” “until Israelaccepts therightsof thePal- against the Israeli entity” will continue sure thatthe“chaptersofbattle sam Brigades,Hamas’ armedwing,as- • factions. the IsraeligovernmentandPalestinian proposed byEgyptandaccepted of the72-hourhumanitarianceasefire the entry into force at 8:00 on 5 August firing several rockets minutes before • stroyed. dozens ofaccesspointshavebeende- Gaza andIsrael.Atleast32tunnels stroy allofHamas’ tunnelsbetween pleted itsoperationstolocateandde- draws fromGazaclaimingtohavecom- • truce begins. draw allitstroopsfromGazaoncethe gust. Israelannouncesthatitwillwith- Egypt that will begin at 8:00 on 5 Au- cept a72-hourceasefireproposedby • once Israel has “defeated” Hamas. the UNtake control oftheGazaStrip ister Avigdor Lieberman proposesthat • On 8Augustattheendof72- On 5AugustanIsraelidelegation On 5AugusttheIzzad-DinalQas- On 5AugustHamasisaccusedof On 5AugusttheIsraeliarmywith- On 4AugustIsraelandHamasac- On 4AugusttheIsraeliForeignMin- - Atar andMohammed Barhoum –are – Mohammed AbuShammala,Raed al- the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades • the Gaza Strip. killed inthepreviousday’sairstrike on the al-Qassam Brigades, have been Deif, commanderofthearmedwing the wifeanddaughterofMohammed • lapse. negotiations inCairoonthebrinkofcol- sion of the ceasefire leaving the indirect army, putanendtothe24-hourexten- bombs firedattheStripbyIsraeli launched fromGaza,respondedtowith • current conflict with Israel. shortages in the Strip caused by the in the next 120 daysto ease the power sending afloatingpowerstationtoGaza company Karadenizannouncesthatitis • fire continue. while negotiations for a definitive cease- the truceinGazaforanother24hours tinian factionsinCairoagreetoextend • in June. three Israeli teenagers in the West Bank pected of kidnapping and murdering the ish thehomesoftwoPalestinianssus- • tered into force. tend thetrucejustmomentsafteriten- government of their agreement toex- have meant a violation by the Gaza Strip and Ashkelon.Suchanattackwould Gaza atEshkol,,SedotNegev respond toanallegedrocketfiredfrom Netanyahu orderstheIsraeliarmyto lated the latest ceasefire after Benjamin tually accuse one another of having vio- • -taking it to 18 August. hours of 11 August, for five more days ceasefire, which began in the early Hamas agreetoextendthe72-hour advances inthenegotiations,Israeland • sisted by the US. Cairo underEgyptianmediationandas- to lookforadefinitiveagreementin and Hamaswhilebothsidescontinue hour ceasefireisagreedbetweenIsrael • sides intensify. On 10Augusttheattacksbetweenboth On 21Augustthreecommanders of On 20AugustHamasconfirmsthat On 20Augustseveralrockets On 19AugusttheTurkish shipping On 18AugustIsraelandthePales- On 18AugustIsraelisoldiersdemol- On 14 August Israel and Hamas mu- On 13August,facedwiththelackof On 11Augustat00:00anew72- border withIsrael will bepassedover ings withGaza,thecontrolofwhose Israel’s openingof the border cross- tacks by either side without exception; leaders, are:theimmediatehalt ofat- as disclosedbyIsraeliandPalestinian dead. Thekeypointsoftheagreement, 2,100 Palestiniansand70Israelis days of conflict that has left more than diation andwhichputsanendto50 Israel andHamasunderEgyptianme- ceasefire entersintoforceagreedby • causing any damages. Strip landinIsraeliterritorywithout in Gazaand71rocketsfiredfromthe ports thebombingofatleast30targets • itor the situation. create aninternationalmissiontomon- and byJordanthatincludetheneedto many, FranceandtheUnitedKingdom in paralleltothosepresentedbyGer- tions in the Gaza Strip. This is a version between IsraelandthePalestinianfac- attempt to reach a ceasefire agreement sented before theUnited Nations in an unveils adraft resolution to be pre- • describes the executions as illegal. 72 hoursto25.InRamallah,thePNA trajudicial executionsin Gaza in the last with Israel,bringingthenumberofex- four peopleaccusedofcollaborating • and other Islamist militias. close tolaunchsitesusedbyHamas the peopleofGazatoevacuateareas populated areasinGaza.Israelwarns cludes planningairstrikesondensely its militantswithprotection,whichin- against Hamasandwhoeverprovides warns thatitwillstepupitsoffensive during adayofIsraeliattacks.Israel have beenkilledand20othersinjured spokesman intheStrip,ninepeople cording toAshrafal-Qedra,emergency command centreforHamasmilitias.Ac- that the building was being used as the people injured.TheIsraeliarmyclaims in thecentreofGazacityleaving17 destroys a13-storyresidentialbuilding • with Israel. rested afurthersevenforcollaborating has executedthreePalestiniansandar- Hours later,Hamasannouncesthatit killed inanIsraeliairstrikeonRafah. On 26Augustat19:00thenew On 26AugusttheIsraeliarmyre- On 26AugusttheUnitedStates On 23AugustHamaskillsanother On 23 August an Israeli air strike Hebron in June. murder of three young Israelis closeto Palestinian citizensconnectedwith the • Conflicts between the Parties tective Edge. ment withIsraeltoendOperationPro- the requirementsofAugustagree- sume controloftheGazaStrip,one estinian unitygovernmenttoalsoas- reach anagreementenablingthePal- • to exerciseitsauthorityintheGazaStrip. estinian unitygovernmentcreatedinJune mas, ifthelatterdoesnotallowPal- threatens tostopcollaboratingwithHa- • Palestine mascus as “an act of aggression.” of oneitsfighterjets,describedbyDa- Syrian regimeconfirmsIsrael’sdowning an aircraft from the Syrian regime. The that theIsraeli Air Forcehas intercepted , this is the first time since 1989 enters Israeliairspace.Accordingto tra, in the Golan Heights, after the plane Syrian airforceintheprovinceofQunei- shoots down a MiG-21 fighter jetfrom the • tion of the West Bank.” ans” and“servestodeepentheoccupa- ing thatit“spiesoninnocentPalestini- military intelligenceunit,the8200,alleg- a letterrefusingtoserveinIsrael’slargest in Israelcriticise43reserviststhatsigned ship andawiderangeofpoliticalforces • Israel September 2014 Gaza and Rafah. agrees to reopening its border with rate andbilateralagreement,Egypt for Palestinians.Inaddition,inasepa- the fishing zoneoffcoastofGaza extension fromthreetosixmilesof Gaza from300to100metresandthe the reductionofbufferzonearound in Gazawithinternationaldonors;and coordination ofreconstruction activities which will also lead the to the PNA, On 4SeptemberIsraelarrestseight On 25SeptemberFatahandHamas On 7SeptemberMahmoud Abbas On 23SeptembertheIsraeliAirForce On 14Septemberthemilitaryleader- with JohnKerry insearchof the latter’s ceasefire withIsraelholdsameeting egation formed by the negotiators of the • of occupation. that supportsthistimetableforthe end eral Assembly –approvesaresolution rity Council– orfailingthat,theGen- States, inthehopethatUNSecu- tional support,includingintheUnited laration explainseffortstoraiseinterna- ritories in the next three years. The dec - abandon thePalestinianoccupiedter- PNA andPLO’s intention forIsraelto adviser HananAshrawiannouncesthe press conference,MahmoudAbbas’ • Peace Negotiations West Bank. on 12JulyneartoGushEtzion,the ping and murder of three Israeli students and theprimesuspectsinkidnap- sha in Hebron, both Hamas members Marwan QawasmehandAmerAbuAi- • Gaza tobegin. nism toallowthereconstructionof in Cairoforthecreationofamecha- tween thePNAandIsraelhoursearlier breaking the agreement reached be prisal, thusendingtheceasefireand the attack raises fears of an Israeli re- denies beingbehindthemissilelaunch, ing anydamages.AlthoughHamas Eshkol RegionalCouncilwithoutcaus- from the Gaza Strip and lands in the • firebombs. 50 Palestiniansthrowingstonesand militant. Thesoldiersaremetwithsome close to Ramallah, in search of a Hamas a raidintheal-Amarirefugeecamp, shot deadbyIsraelisoldierscarryingout • beginning of the month. fered inaclashwithIsraelipoliceatthe Wadi al-Jozhasdiedfromwoundssuf- vealed that ayoungPalestinianfrom diers inEastJerusalemafteritisre- ian demonstratorsclashwithIsraelisol- • with Israel during July and August. Gaza Stripinthewakeofconflict cost 9billioneurostoreconstructthe government and the UN believeit will • On 3SeptemberaPalestiniandel - On 2September,speakingataUN On 23SeptemberIsraelisoldierskill On 17Septemberamissileisfired On 10SeptemberaPalestinian is On 7SeptembergroupsofPalestin- On 4SeptemberthePalestinian - ström. Swedish ForeignMinisterMargot Wall- peace process,accordingto the necessary measuretorelaunch the Palestine asanindependentstate asa • tine as an independent state. ing thegovernmenttorecognisePales- approves anon-bindingresolutionask • ian State. Kingdom’s recognitionofthePalestin- 12 againstinsupportoftheUnited resolution with274votesinfavourand ment approvesanon-binding,symbolic • 12 October. Donor ConferenceisheldinCairoon thority inGazabeforetheInternational ernment would assumeimmediate au- agreed inSeptemberthattheunitygov- measures. The Palestinian factions Hamas andFatah,amidtightsecurity place sincethe2007conflictbetween Palestinian unitygovernmenttakes • Palestine Bank. infrastructure tobebuiltintheWest both inEastJerusalem,aswellnew in Har Joma and 600 in Ramat Shlomo, yahu orders the planning of 400 homes • as of November. ling onIsraelibusesintheWest Bank Yaalon willbanPalestiniansfromtravel- sued bytheDefenceMinisterMoshe • shot at on the Egyptian border. • nise the Palestinian State. announces thathiscountrywillrecog- den’s newPrimeMinisterStefanLöfven sador, CarlMagnusNesser,afterSwe- Ministry summons the Swedishambas- • Israel October 2014 frame.” Israeli occupationinaspecifiedtime- to berespectedandfortheendof “clear commitmentforthe1967borders On 30 October Sweden recognises On 22OctobertheIrishParliament On 13OctobertheBritishParlia- On 9Octoberthefirstmeetingof On 27OctoberBenjaminNetan- On 26Octoberanewdirectiveis- On 22OctoberIsraelisoldiersare On 5 October the Israeli Foreign -

IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 389 Chronologies Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 390 Chronologies Appendices of threeIsraeliteenagers, thesubse- marked bythekidnappingandmurder quent, comeafteraviolentsummer which arebecomingincreasingly fre- estinians. TheclashesinJerusalem, of 20metresbyagroupyoung Pal- cocktail attacklaunchedatadistance sponded with gunfire toaMolotov raeli armyspokesmen,thesoldiersre- close toRamallah.AccordingIs- security forces in , a town estinian childwhowasshotbyIsraeli and Ramallah,withthedeathofaPal- beginning ofthemonthinJerusalem streets intensifies,ongoingsincethe • crossings. over theErezandKerem Shalomborder The PNAwillassumeimmediatecontrol guarantee for theinternational donors. reconciliation of Hamas and Fatah as a tunnels. Inaddition,thePNAoffers is not used by Hamas to rebuild the guarantees thatreconstructionmaterial sands ofdisplacedpersons,which mechanism togiveshelterthethou- The UN,IsraelandthePNAagreeona and theUnitedEmirates200million. Qatar announcesabilliondollarsinaid yond the current temporary ceasefire. ing a definitive peace agreement be- moon reiteratetheimportanceofreach- and theUNSecretaryGeneralBanKi- the US Secretary of State John Kerry the 190 million already pledged. Both ery of212milliondollarsinadditionto States announcestheimmediatedeliv- ing to the 1967 borders. The United Israel wouldbetheJewishStatereturn- the groundsforanArabrecognitionof the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative by which region. EgyptasksIsraeltoreconsider and the creation of two states in the agreement toend the Israelioccupation rael andPalestine,culminatinginan resumption of peace talks between Is- rael liftingitsembargoonGazaandthe ficiency oftheaidmoneyreliesonIs- ered intheEgyptiancapitalsayef- Protective Edge.Thecountriesgath- Strip in thewake of Israel’s Operation towards thereconstructionofGaza dollars forthePalestiniangovernment Egypt andNorway, raises5.4billion nor ConferenceinCairo,co-hostedby • Conflicts between the Parties On 16Octobertheunreston On 12OctobertheInternationalDo- those over 50 years old. cess totheTemple Mount,butonlyto violence. Hours later, Israel reopens ac- years topreventamajoroutbreak of Temple Mountforthefirsttimein40 the police,whoproceedtoclose the tween Palestinian demonstrators and The clashesintensifyinJerusalembe- on a motorbiketowardWest Jerusalem. night by shots fired by a man who fled when leavingaconferencetheprevious ,wasseriouslywounded mands greaterJewishpresenceatthe ultra-nationalist Rabbi.Glick,whode- attempt ofYehuda Glick,aprominent leged involvementintheassassination dead aPalestinianwantedforhisal- • fears of a thirdintifada. es intheWest Bank,whichraisefresh demonstrators andIsraelisecurityforc- provoking clashesbetweenPalestinian This serious incident ignites tensions, with Hamasintheunitygovernment. Abbas fortheattackcitinghisalliance sues astatementblamingMahmoud by Palestine.BenjaminNetanyahuis- Israeli occupationof territories claimed ity fortheattackasaresponseto Jerusalem. Hamas assumes responsibil a tram in Givat HaTachmoshet, in north pedestrians whiletheywerewaitingfor lem, whointentionallyranoverthe estinian driverfromSilwan, EastJerusa- jured inanattackcarriedoutbyaPal- killed andanothereightpeoplearein- • fensive. Strip duringtheProtectiveEdgeof- tacks ontheUNfacilitiesinGaza mission toinvestigatetheIsraeliat- nounces thathewillestablishacom- Secretary GeneralBanKi-moonan- • State. tion and allowing the creation of its deadline for ending the Israeli occupa- approve aresolutionthatsetsthe over Palestine’srequestfortheUNto tine beforetheUNGeneralAssembly matic level between Israel and Pales- are beingreproducedonthediplo- both claim as their own. These clashes ple Mount,whichIsraelandPalestine as wellthetensionaroundTem - 50-day war betweenIsraelandHamas; young PalestinianfromShuafatandthe quent raids,therevengekillingofa On 30OctoberIsraelipoliceshoot On 23OctoberanIsraelibabyis On 22OctobertheUnitedNations - eign Minister Avigdor Lieberman during plotting toassassinatetheIsraeli For- a Hamascommandounitaccused of Bet, which succeeded in bringing down police andIsraelisecurityagency Shin results ofajointoperationthe army, • US judge Mary McGowanDavis. Senegalese lawyerDoudouDieneand Canadian judgeWilliamSchabas,with eration ProtectiveEdge,headedbythe crimes allegedlycommittedduringOp- United Nations investigation into the war ment agreestocooperatewiththe • with mounting tension in the area. partial ban on hiring Arab workers, faced Ashkelon, ItamarShimoni,imposesa • other sensitive areas. measures throughoutJerusalemand Mount forprayer,steppingupsecurity restriction forenteringtheTemple • bourhoods in the city. further 174inunspecifiedArabneigh- city. To these200homesareaddeda Jerusalem, amidrisingtensionsinthe Jewish neighbourhoodinRamot,East construction of200newhomesina ties givepreliminaryapprovaltothe • sons due to rising tensions in the area. ter afour-dayclosureforsecurityrea- , which borders Gaza, af- • tlement in the district of . and afurther400intheHarJomaset- Shlomo settlementnorthofJerusalem, construction of600homesintheRamat yahu ordersplanstogoaheadforthe • Jerusalem. Jewish visitorstotheTemple Mountin raeli governmentreopensaccessfor onstrators. Onthesameday, theIs- tween the police and Palestinian dem - unrest inrecentdaysJerusalembe- measure thataimstoputastopthe ishable withupto20yearsinprison,a stones orotherobjectsatcarsispun- Code underwhichanyonethrowing isters approves a reform of the Penal • Israel November 2014 On 21NovemberIsraelreveals the On 20NovembertheIsraeligovern- On 20NovembertheMayorof On 14 November Israel lifts the age On 12NovembertheIsraeliauthori- On 4NovemberIsraelreopensthe On 3NovemberBenjaminNetan- On 2NovembertheCouncilofMin- Kanna, Galilee.The deathsparksnew attack policeofficersinthetown of Kafr origin whohadallegedlybeentrying to shoot deadayoungmanofIsraeli-Arab • . spread throughouttheOldCity and vicinity oftheTemple Mount,which strators andIsraelisecurityforcesinthe break out betweenPalestiniandemon- • Conflicts between the Parties homes. outside theStriptoreturntheir ing thousandsofPalestiniansstranded a monthduetoinstabilityinSinai,allow- with Gaza,whichhadbeenclosedfor opening oftheRafahbordercrossing • ence of two states. solution” totheconflictiscoexist- its convictionthatthe“onlypossible ognise Palestineasastate,reaffirming to abillurgingthegovernmentrec- ment givesalmostunanimousapproval • be able to ensure security.” Hamas statesitis“notinapositionto November aresuspendedinGazaafter death ofYasser Arafatscheduledfor11 ration of the tenth anniversary ofthe announces thattheactsofcommemo- • Palestine ous threat. his toughmeasuresinthefaceofseri- Iranian nuclearplan,butalsoknownfor ing HamasandHezbollah,as well asthe of-Staff, consideredamoderate regard- zenkot isappointedIsrael’snewChief- • centrist parties in the coalition. people,” despitethevoteagainstbytwo clares Israelas“thehomeoftheJewish Nationality Law, an initiative that de- 14 votestoseventheso-calledIsraeli of Ministersapproveswithamajority • remain under arrest. Nokdim, whereLieberman’sfamilylives, town closetotheIsraelisettlementof the cellandresidentsofHarmala,a Protective Edge.Thefourmembersof the summerof2014,duringOperation On 8NovembertheIsraelipolice On 5Novemberintenseclashes On 26NovemberEgyptordersthe On 18NovembertheSpanishParlia- On 9NovemberMahmoudAbbas On 29NovemberGeneralGadiEi- On 23NovembertheIsraeliCouncil ing totheIsraeli army, theyoungman and thenorthofGazaStrip.Accord - , ontheborderbetween Israel ian isshotdeadbyIsraelisoldiers in • Jerusalem. a groupofIsraelisinthenorth East hours afteraPalestinianisstabbedby close toRamallah.Theincidentcomes Jewish settlers on the outskirts of , raeli followingademonstrationheldby ian isinjuredafterbeingshotbyanIs- • dead and fiveinjured. eral peopleinJerusalemleavingtwo zen whoon22Octoberranoversev- molish thehomeofPalestinianciti- • dies frominjuriessufferedintheattack. 19 NovemberanIsraelipoliceofficer before beingshotdeadbypolice.On bourhood ofHarNof,West Jerusalem, gogue intheorthodoxJewishneigh- Palestine murderfourpeopleinasyna- the Popular FrontfortheLiberationof tackers fromEastJerusalemlinkedwith • ing the death as a suicide. rity forces,despiteanautopsydescrib- estinian demonstratorsandIsraelisecu- Jerusalem sparksfightingbetweenPal- driver found hanged in his vehicle in • Palestinians and Israelis. set onfireamidrisingtensionsbetween gogue inShfaram,northernIsraelare Maghir, closetoRamallah,andasyna- • south of the West Bank. break out close to Ramallah and in the north ofHebron.Newclashesalso clashes intheAl-Arroubrefugeecamp, ian isshotdeadbyIsraelisoldiersin • southern . from NablusstabsanIsraelisoldierin earlier, aPalestinianHamassupporter attacks as “legitimate action.” Hours Hamas and Islamic Jihad describe the ment, in the south of the West Bank. others close to the Alon Shvut settle- a young Israeli woman and injures three from Hebronarmedwithaknifemurders • lynching attempt in Taibe. shortly afteranIsraelidriversurvivesa ber Israelgoesonheightenedalert clashes in the West Bank. On 9 Novem- On 23NovemberayoungPalestin - On 18NovemberayoungPalestin- On 18NovemberIsraeliforcesde- On 18NovembertwoPalestinianat- On 17NovemberaPalestinianbus On 12Novemberamosqueinal- On 11NovemberayoungPalestin- On 10NovemberaPalestinianman ined andconfirmed indecisionsof in thelist“isnotbasedonacts exam- establishes thattheinclusionofHamas drawn uponthesamedate.The court terrorist organisations, which was 2001 toincludeHamasinthe list of revert itsdecisionon27December Justice orders the European Council to • binding fortheFrench government. and 151against;adecisionthatisnon- Palestinian Statewith339votesinfavour Assembly supportstherecognitionof • Palestine years, after which Livni would take over. the HeadofGovernmentforfirsttwo wins intheelections,Herzogwouldbe Likud. Ifthelabour-centristcoalition 2015 todefeatBenjaminNetanyahu’s alliance fortheelectionson17March nuah partyTzipi Livniagreetoforman zog andtheleaderofcentristHat- opposition andlabourparty YitzhakHer- • tary elections on 17 March 2015. parties agreetoholdearlyparliamen- • ministers. ignation ofthefourremainingYesh Atid The dismissalsarefollowedbytheres- forcing earlyelectionstobescheduled. coalition governmentcrisisofficialand leader ofHatnuaTzipi Livni,makingthe Yair LapidandtheJusticeMinister leader ofYesh Atid(ThereisaFuture) members, theFinanceMinisterand yahu dismissestwoofhismaincentrist • Israel December 2014 on the city’s streets. Palestinians andIsraelisreportattacks rusalem’s OldCity. Inrecentdays,both were leavingareligiousacademyinJe- stabbing severalIsraelistudentsasthey arrest threePalestinianssuspectedof • fence. area and move away from the border from thesoldierstoleavesecurity and another person ignored warnings On 17DecembertheEUCourtof On 2DecembertheFrenchNational On 10 December the leader of the On 3DecembertheIsraelipolitical On 2DecemberBenjaminNetan- On 24NovembertheIsraelipolice

IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 391 Chronologies Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2015 392 Chronologies Appendices to a rocket launched into southern Is- • estinian is arrested. devices arecapturedandanotherPal- West Bank,inwhichvariousexplosive on theQalandiarefugeecampin shoot deadaPalestinianduringraid • soldiers and border police. Turmus AyaafterclasheswithIsraeli West Bankseparationfence,diesin the settlements and East Jerusalem and who headedadepartmentdealingwith Palestinian minister without portfolio • Jerusalem. umim settlement, on the outskirts of a supermarketclosetotheMaaleAd- one of the men stabbed two Israelis in ing anattackintheWest Bankinwhich forces arrestthreePalestiniansfollow- • Kerem Hospital in Jerusalem. in criticalconditionHadassahEin in theWest Bank.Theattackerremains close totheGushEtzionsettlementbloc stabbed andslightlyinjuredacivilian cording towitnessesand the army, had a PalestinianlinkedwithFatahwho,ac- • Conflicts between the Parties process. estine) solutionandlinkedtothepeace State withinatwo-state(IsraelandPal- symbolic recognitionofthePalestinian liament votesinfavourofadoptinga • Internet.” imputations derivedfromthemediaand competent authorities,butonfactual On 19DecemberIsraelresponds On 16 December Israeli soldiers On 10 December Ziad Abu Ein, a On 3DecembertheIsraelisecurity On 1DecemberIsraelisoldiersshoot On 17DecembertheEuropeanPar- States andAustraliaabstentions with votes against fromthe United December theresolutionisrejected from thePalestinianterritories.On30 for completingtheIsraeliwithdrawal both, andsets2017asthedeadline and withJerusalemasthecapitalfor ous states based on the 1967 borders lishing twodemocratic and prosper- peace negotiations,aimedatestab- one-year periodtoconcludethe the Arabcountriesthatestablishesa resolution onbehalfofPalestineand tions Security Council, submits adraft permanent memberoftheUnitedNa- • Peace Negotiations Khan Yunis. by anunidentifiedsniperinthe area of trol respondswithartillerytoanattack injured, comesafteranIsraeliarmypa- incident, inwhichanIsraelisoldieris tective EdgeoffensiveinAugust.The border seensincetheendof Pro- serious fighting on the Israeli-Gaza Strip observation points,iskilledinthemost south ofGazaandinchargeborder leader ofHamas’ armedwinginthe • personal injury. the Strip.Neitherattackcausesany of Hamas’sarmedwinginthesouth Israeli AirForceattacksatrainingcamp missile firedfromGazaatEshkol,the • Edge. destroyed duringOperationProtective structing the smuggling tunnels pected of producing material for recon- rael bybombingacementfactorysus- On 17DecemberJordan,anon- On 24DecemberTayseer Asmairi, On 20Decemberinresponsetoa United Nations News Centre The Washington Post The New York Times RTVE Ria Novosti Radio Free Europe / RadioLiberty gian presidencies of the EU Press Releases of the Spanish and Bel- mission Press ReleasesoftheEuropeanCom- do Árabe y Musulmán (OPEMAM) Observatorio Político Electoral del Mun- Medarab News L’Orient Le Jour Le Monde Le Figaro IRIS International Relations&Security Network International Crisis Group Il Corriere della Sera Haaretz FRIDE Europe Media Monitor Euronews El País El Mundo Courier International Chatham House Peace Carnegie EndowmentforInternational BBC World Associated Press Al-Jazeera Agencia EFE Affaires Stratégiques Al-Masry al-Youm Sources Nigeria, and South Korea. from theUnitedKingdom,Lithuania,