Crossing and Constructing Borders Within Daily Contacts Cedric Parizot
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The Humanitarian Monitor CAP Occupied Palestinian Territory Number 17 September 2007
The Humanitarian Monitor CAP occupied Palestinian territory Number 17 September 2007 Overview- Key Issues Table of Contents Update on Continued Closure of Gaza Key Issues 1 - 2 Crossings Regional Focus 3 Access and Crossings Rafah and Karni crossings remain closed after more than threemonths. Protection of Civilians 4 - 5 The movement of goods via Gaza border crossings significantly Child Protection 6-7 declined in September compared to previous months. The average Violence & Private 8-9 of 106 truckloads per day that was recorded between 19 June and Property 13 September has dropped to approximately 50 truckloads per day 10 - 11 since mid-September. Sufa crossing (usually opened 5 days a week) Access was closed for 16 days in September, including 8 days for Israeli Socio-economic 12 - 13 holidays, while Kerem Shalom was open only 14 days throughout Conditions the month. The Israeli Civil Liaison Administration reported that the Health 14 - 15 reduction of working hours was due to the Muslim holy month Food Security & 16 - 18 of Ramadan, Jewish holidays and more importantly attacks on the Agriculture crossings by Palestinian militants from inside Gaza. Water & Sanitation 19 Impact of Closure Education 20 As a result of the increased restrictions on Gaza border crossings, The Response 21 - 22 an increasing number of food items – including fruits, fresh meat and fish, frozen meat, frozen vegetables, chicken, powdered milk, dairy Sources & End Notes 23 - 26 products, beverages and cooking oil – are experiencing shortages on the local market. The World Food Programme (WFP) has also reported significant increases in the costs of these items, due to supply, paid for by deductions from overdue Palestinian tax increases in prices on the global market as well as due to restrictions revenues that Israel withholds. -
Defeating Terror Promoting Peace ISRAEL MINISTRY of FOREIGN AFFAIRS
ISRAEL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Israel’s Operation against Hamas Defeating Terror Promoting Peace ISRAEL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS 1 Moderates vs. Extremists The Struggle for Regional Peace Israel desires peace with those who seek peace, but must deter those who seek its destruction ISRAEL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Israel's greatest hope Signing the Israel-Jordan is to live in peace and security with all its neighbors Peace Treaty ISRAEL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Prime Minister Begin, President Sadat and Israel Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Foreign Minister Livni meets with Qatar President Carter signing the Israel-Egypt Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas Prime Minister Hamad bin Jassem bin Jabr Al- Peace Treaty, Washington, 26 March 1979 with US President Bush at the Annapolis Thani at the 8th Doha Forum on Democracy, Conference, November 2007 Development, and Free Trade (April 2008) More info Foreign Minister Livni meets with Former Israel Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, MASHAV Course for Palestinian Farmers on Foreign Minister of Oman Yousef Bin Alawi US President George Bush and Palestinian Cooperative Development in Rural Areas Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas Middle East summit in Aqaba (June 2003) Israel has proven its ability to make peace with those who desire peace. The moderates in the region agree on the need for a “two-state solution” to the Palestinian issue ISRAEL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Assad and Ahmadinejad Hamas in Gaza - September 2007 Ahmadinejad and Nasrallah While Israel desires peace with those who seek peace, -
A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution WATCH
HUMAN RIGHTS A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution WATCH A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution Copyright © 2021 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-900-1 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org APRIL 2021 ISBN: 978-1-62313-900-1 A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution Map .................................................................................................................................. i Summary ......................................................................................................................... 2 Definitions of Apartheid and Persecution ................................................................................. -
Viewed on the Website of the Prime Minister's Office
Held Back: Students Trapped in Gaza June 2008 Hundreds of young Palestinian men and women are trapped in the Gaza Strip and cannot leave to pursue academic studies abroad. The closure that Israel has imposed on Gaza is preventing these students from exercising their right to freedom of movement, to access education and to develop their potential, and it is devastating the Palestinian academic community. Last year, hundreds of students in Gaza lost their places at foreign universities, and if the closure continues, hundreds more will be unable to travel to their places of study for the upcoming academic year. Gisha – Legal Center for Freedom of Movement calls for all students in Gaza to be permitted to exercise their right to freedom of movement and to access education – including at universities abroad. Cover Photo: Gisha. Christian pilgrims in Gaza given rare opportunity to travel, December 2007. All rights reserved by Gisha – Legal Center for Freedom of Movement June 2008 Tel. +972(0)3-6244120 Fax. +972(0)3-6244130 Email: [email protected] www.gisha.org 2 1.5 Million People in Isolation Introduction Since June 2007, when the Hamas movement seized control of the internal governmental institutions of the Palestinian Authority in the Gaza Strip, Israel has kept Gaza's borders almost entirely closed. The closure is part of a wider policy of collective punishment which Israel has adopted towards the residents of the Strip. 1 The closure denies the 1.5 million residents of the Gaza Strip the option of leaving the Strip or reentering it. Medical treatment, higher education and further training, travel for work and business, family visits and reunification – all these are denied to Gaza residents. -
Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison
Lebanon Syria Haifa Mediterranian Sea Tel-Aviv-YafoTel-Aviv-Yafo JerusalemJerusalem WestWest BBankank (Judea(Judea & SSamaria)amaria) za a GazaG I s r a e l Egypt Jordan Eilat Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs ®¯¢Ú© ‰È„Ó ¯Â·Èˆ ÈÈÈÚÏ ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È‰ ÊίӉ Institute for Contemporary Affairs Founded jointly with the Wechsler Family Foundation © 2007 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 13 Tel Hai Street, Jerusalem, Israel 92107 Tel. 972-2-561-9281 Fax. 972-2-561-9112 Email: [email protected] www.jcpa.org ISBN 965-218-058-0 Production Coordinator: Edna Weinstock-Gabay Graphic Design: Rami & Jacky / Efrat / Lenka Maps: Rami & Jacky Photos: AP Photo, Government Press Office Back cover photo: IDF Spokesman Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank their colleagues, Deborah Norris and Marie E. Yetsin, for their assistance. The authors appreciate the advice and assistance of Daniel Taub, Adv. Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 Introduction 9 I. The Doctrine of Statehood 11 A. The Traditional Criteria for Statehood as Enunciated by the Montevideo Convention of 1933 11 1. Criterion i: A Permanent Population 12 2. Criterion ii: A Defined Territory 12 3. Criterion iii: Government 13 4. Criterion iv: Capacity to Enter into Relations with Other States 14 5. Independence 16 B. Additional Criteria for Statehood 16 C. Additional Criteria for Statehood Suggested as a Result of Modern Developments in International Law 17 1. The Rule of Legality 18 3 2. -
Gaza Strip 2020 As-Siafa Mapping Movement and Access Netiv Ha'asara Temporary
Zikim Karmiya No Fishing Zone 1.5 nautical miles Yad Mordekhai January Gaza Strip 2020 As-Siafa Mapping Movement and Access Netiv Ha'asara Temporary Ar-Rasheed Wastewater Treatment Lagoons Sources: OCHA, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics of Statistics Bureau Central OCHA, Palestinian Sources: Erez Crossing 1 Al-Qarya Beit Hanoun Al-Badawiya (Umm An-Naser) Erez What is known today as the Gaza Strip, originally a region in Mandatory Palestine, was created Width 5.7-12.5 km / 3.5 – 7.7 mi through the armistice agreements between Israel and Egypt in 1949. From that time until 1967, North Gaza Length ~40 km / 24.8 mi Al- Karama As-Sekka the Strip was under Egyptian control, cut off from Israel as well as the West Bank, which was Izbat Beit Hanoun al-Jaker Road Area 365 km2 / 141 m2 Beit Hanoun under Jordanian rule. In 1967, the connection was renewed when both the West Bank and the Gaza Madinat Beit Lahia Al-'Awda Strip were occupied by Israel. The 1993 Oslo Accords define Gaza and the West Bank as a single Sheikh Zayed Beit Hanoun Population 1,943,398 • 48% Under age 17 July 2019 Industrial Zone Ash-Shati Housing Project Jabalia Sderot territorial unit within which freedom of movement would be permitted. However, starting in the camp al-Wazeer Unemployment rate 47% 2019 Q2 Jabalia Camp Khalil early 90s, Israel began a gradual process of closing off the Strip; since 2007, it has enforced a full Ash-Sheikh closure, forbidding exit and entry except in rare cases. Israel continues to control many aspects of Percentage of population receiving aid 80% An-Naser Radwan Salah Ad-Deen 2 life in Gaza, most of its land crossings, its territorial waters and airspace. -
Restriction of Movement
PHOTO:RYANRODRICKBEILER.COM Restriction of movement Israel has controlled the movement of people and candy, and spices were blocked from entering Gaza. Some goods into and out of Gaza for decades, but since the limitations have been lifted, but severe restrictions on imposition of the blockade in 2006, restrictions have the import of many goods—including the raw materials been severely tightened. necessary for industrial production, construction The Erez Crossing, located on the northern edge of the materials, medical supplies, fuel, and many consumer Israeli-built wall around Gaza, is the only crossing through goods—remain in place. which civilians can travel between Gaza and Israel. At the start of the Second Intifada or Palestinian “uprising” in late 2000, around 26,000 people were allowed to leave Gaza each day via the Erez Crossing. During the first half of 2016, the number of Palestinians allowed out of Gaza has averaged only around 15,000 per month. Nearly all access to the outside world is blocked for the residents of Gaza. Students are denied exit to study abroad. Patients needing medical treatment not available in Gaza are delayed or blocked from reaching care. People ISRAEL with families in other parts of the occupied Palestinian FISHING ZONE territory are blocked from seeing their relatives. People wishing to leave to pursue work in other places are blocked from doing so. The only official crossing for goods into and out Partly operational of Gaza is through Kerem Shalom. Any imports and crossing point exports are regulated through a list of controlled entry EGYPT Closed crossing point items created by Israel. -
GAZA Situation Map - As of 5Th of January 2009
GAZA Situation Map - as of 5th of January 2009 Reported Palestinian casualties as of 5 January 2009 * Killed 534 20% of killed Palestinians Siafa are civilians Injured Erez crossing point is partially open 2,470 Al Qaraya al Badawiya for a limited number of medical al Maslakh evacuations and foreign nationals. Madinat al 'Aw da Beit Lahiya * Beit Hanoun Situation Jabalia Camp Ash Shati' Camp • More than a million Gazans still have 'Izbat Beit Hanoun no electricity or water, and thousands Gaza Jabalia = 25 people = 25 people of people have fled their homes for safe Wharf shelter. Based on MoH as of 5 January 2009 40% of injured Palestinians are civilians * 'A rab Maslakh Beit Lahiya • Hospitals are unable to provide adequate Reported Israeli casualties as of 5 January 2009 Gaza intensive care to the high number of Killed * casualties. 8 of which 4 are civilians crossing point for fuels - open today. dead and at least injured Injured Nahal Oz • 534 2470 of which 46 are civilians 215,000 litres of industrial fuel along with 47 tonnes since 27 December, Source: Palestinian 106 of cooking gas have been pumped from Israel to Gaza Ministry of Health MoH, as of 5th of = 25 people January 2009. = 25 people Al Zahra Al Mughraqa Karni crossing * Based on the Israeli Magen David Adom and the Israeli (Abu Middein) Defence Force (IDF), as of 5 January point for goods • 60 IDF soldiers have been wounded in Gaza since Saturday the 4th of Jan., Priority Needs: including four who remain in serious condition. • Industrial fuel is needed to power the Gaza Power Plant. -
Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison
Lebanon Syria Haifa Mediterranian Sea Tel-Aviv-YafoTel-Aviv-Yafo JerusalemJerusalem WestWest BBankank (Judea(Judea & SSamaria)amaria) za a GazaG I s r a e l Egypt Jordan Eilat Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs ®¯¢Ú© ‰È„Ó ¯Â·Èˆ ÈÈÈÚÏ ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È‰ ÊίӉ Institute for Contemporary Affairs Founded jointly with the Wechsler Family Foundation © 2007 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 13 Tel Hai Street, Jerusalem, Israel 92107 Tel. 972-2-561-9281 Fax. 972-2-561-9112 Email: [email protected] www.jcpa.org ISBN 965-218-058-0 Production Coordinator: Edna Weinstock-Gabay Graphic Design: Rami & Jacky / Efrat / Lenka Maps: Rami & Jacky Photos: AP Photo, Government Press Office Back cover photo: IDF Spokesman Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank their colleagues, Deborah Norris and Marie E. Yetsin, for their assistance. The authors appreciate the advice and assistance of Daniel Taub, Adv. Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 Introduction 9 I. The Doctrine of Statehood 11 A. The Traditional Criteria for Statehood as Enunciated by the Montevideo Convention of 1933 11 1. Criterion i: A Permanent Population 12 2. Criterion ii: A Defined Territory 12 3. Criterion iii: Government 13 4. Criterion iv: Capacity to Enter into Relations with Other States 14 5. Independence 16 B. Additional Criteria for Statehood 16 C. Additional Criteria for Statehood Suggested as a Result of Modern Developments in International Law 17 1. The Rule of Legality 18 3 2. -
July Session 2019
Tentative itinerary* | July Session 2019 *Subject to change: Due to the dynamic character of the Middle East, our intention to focus on the current issues in the region, and the availability of speakers and organizations, the following list of topics, visits, and speakers might be updated.* Our Coexistence in the Middle East (CME) summer program consists of the following three complementary summer courses. All field trips and program activities are to be split among all three programs as indicated by the colors below: Activity for all Coexistence in the Middle East (CME) courses Narratives and Realities: Inside the Israeli Palestinian Conflict | July 2-23,2019 3 credits - 45 academic hours | Syllabus | Website | Instructor: Dr. Gershon Baskin Dr. Baskin was the initiator and negotiator of the secret back channel with Hamas for the release of Gilad Schalit. He served as an adviser on the peace process to late Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and on a Jerusalem experts committee under former Prime Minister Ehud Barak. Israel and the Post-Arab Spring: An Interactive View | July 2-23,2019 3 credits - 45 academic hours | Syllabus | Website | Instructor: Dr. Nir Boms Dr. Boms is a research fellow at the Moshe Dayan Center at Tel Aviv University and at the International Center for Counter Terrorism in Herzliya. His articles have appeared in the Washington Times, Iran Times International, and the Jerusalem Post among other international publications. Religion in the Holy Land: Faith's Role in Peace and Conflict August 1-14,2019 3 credits - 45 academic hours | Syllabus | Website | Instructor: Dr. Daniel Roth Rabbi Dr. -
Advance Edited Version Distr
Advance Edited Version Distr. GENERAL A/HRC/12/48 15 September 2009 Original: ENGLISH HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Twelfth session Agenda item 7 HUMAN RIGHTS IN PALESTINE AND OTHER OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES Report of the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict∗ ∗ Late submission A/HRC/12/48 page 2 Paragraphs Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PART ONE INTRODUCTION I. METHODOLOGY II. CONTEXT III. EVENTS OCCURRING BETWEEN THE “CEASEFIRE” OF 18 JUNE 2008 BETWEEN ISRAEL AND THE GAZA AUTHORITIES AND THE START OF ISRAEL’S MILITARY OPERATIONS IN GAZA ON 27 DECEMBER 2008 IV. APPLICABLE LAW PART TWO OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY: THE GAZA STRIP Section A V. THE BLOCKADE: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW VI. OVERVIEW OF MILITARY OPERATIONS CONDUCTED BY ISRAEL IN GAZA BETWEEN 27 DECEMBER 2008 AND 18 JANUARY 2009 AND DATA ON CASUALTIES VII. ATTACKS ON GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS AND POLICE VIII. OBLIGATION ON PALESTINIAN ARMED GROUPS IN GAZA TO TAKE FEASIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT THE CIVILIAN POPULATION A/HRC/12/48 page 3 IX. OBLIGATION ON ISRAEL TO TAKE FEASIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT CIVILIAN POPULATION AND CIVILIAN OBECTS IN GAZA X. INDISCRIMINATE ATTACKS BY ISRAELI ARMED FORCES RESULTING IN THE LOSS OF LIFE AND INJURY TO CIVILIANS XI. DELIBERATE ATTACKS AGAINST THE CIVILIAN POPULATION XII. THE USE OF CERTAIN WEAPONS XIII. ATTACKS ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF CIVILIAN LIFE IN GAZA: DESTRUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, FOOD PRODUCTION, WATER INSTALLATIONS, SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS AND HOUSING XIV. THE USE OF PALESTINIAN CIVILIANS AS HUMAN SHIELDS XV. DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY: GAZANS DETAINED DURING THE ISRAELI MILITARY OPERATIONS OF 27 DECEMBER 2008 TO 18 JANUARY 2009XVI. -
January 2013 [Pdf 754.31Kb]
MONTHLY REPORT January 2013 Security corridor leading to Erez checkpoint at Beit Hanoun, north Gaza, 2012. © WHO oPt Referral of Patients from the Gaza Strip Ref: RAD 1 (Feb.25, 2013) Summary Death at Erez: A patient critically ill with H1N1 virus died at Erez checkpoint shortly after his transfer to an Israeli ambulance. Resuscitation had been attempted by both Israeli and Palestinian ambulance teams. Patients interrogated: 12 patients (3 F; 9 M) who had applied for permits in January to cross Erez checkpoint were requested to appear for Israeli security interviews. Patients delayed: 56 patients (21 F; 35 M) did not receive a response to their permit application and missed their hospital appointments. Referrals within oPt: January represented the highest number of referrals to East Jerusalem hospitals in the past three years, and highest to West Bank hospitals since 2011. Referrals to Jordan: Only one patient received financial coverage from the Ministry of Health for treatment in Jordanian hospitals. 6 self-funded patients applied for permits. Referrals to non-MoH facilities inside Gaza: 133 cases were referred to private and NGO facilities inside Gaza mainly for lithotripsy, MRI, and cardiac catheterization. Medical reasons for referrals: Most January 2013 referrals were for treatment in oncology (16.5%), nuclear medicine (10%), urology (8%), paediatrics (7%), orthopaedics (6%), ophthalmology (6%), haematology (5.5%), heart surgery (5%), heart catheterization (5%) and neurosurgery (5%). The estimated cost was NIS 12.8 million. Referrals increased to Jerusalem The total number of Gaza patients referred by the Ministry of Health (MoH) in January was 1,216, an increase over the monthly average in the previous year of 1,139.