Falconbridge Limited 2003 Annual Report FUNDAMENTAL STRENGTH Our Operations

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Falconbridge Limited 2003 Annual Report FUNDAMENTAL STRENGTH Our Operations Falconbridge Limited 2003 Annual Report FUNDAMENTAL STRENGTH Our Operations NICKEL COPPER CORPORATE 1 Sudbury 6 Compañía Minera Doña Inés de 9 Corporate Office (Sudbury, Ontario) Collahuasi S.C.M. (44%) (Toronto, Ontario) Mines and mills nickel-copper ores; smelts (Northern Chile) 10 Project Offices nickel-copper concentrate from Sudbury’s Mines and mills copper sulphide ores into (Kone and Nouméa, New Caledonia; mines and from Raglan, and processes concentrate; mines and leaches copper Brisbane, Australia) custom feed materials. oxide ores to produce cathodes. 11 Exploration Offices 2 Raglan 7 Kidd Division (Sudbury, Timmins and Toronto, Ontario; (Nunavik, Quebec) (Timmins, Ontario) Laval, Quebec; Pretoria, South Africa; Mines and mills nickel-copper ores from Mines copper-zinc ores from the Kidd Mine. Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Brisbane, open pits and an underground mine. Mills, smelts and refines copper-zinc ores Australia) from the Kidd Mine and processes Sudbury 3 Nikkelverk A/S copper concentrate and custom feed 12 Business Development (Kristiansand, Norway) materials. (Toronto, Ontario) Refines nickel, copper, cobalt, precious and platinum group metals from Sudbury, 8 Compañía Minera Falconbridge 13 Marketing and Sales Raglan and from custom feeds. Lomas Bayas (Brussels, Belgium; Pittsburgh, (Northern Chile) Pennsylvania; Tokyo, Japan) 4 Falconbridge Dominicana, C. por A. Mines copper oxide ores from an open pit; (85.26%) (Bonao, Dominican Republic) refines into copper cathode through the 14 Technology Centre Mines, mills, smelts and refines nickel solvent extraction-electrowinning process (Sudbury, Ontario) laterite ores. (SX-EW). 5 Custom Feed (Brussels, Belgium; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Christ Church, Barbados) 2 3 7 14 1 11 5 13 9 12 13 5 13 4 5 6 11 10 11 8 10 11 Contents 1 Strong Fundamentals 16 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 58 Corporate Governance Initiatives 2 To Our Shareholders 34 Auditors’ Report 59 Officers of the Corporation 6 Strength in Nickel 35 Financial Statements 60 Corporate Directory 10 Strength in Copper 39 Notes to the Financial Statements 62 Shareholder and Corporate 56 Board of Directors Information Cover photo: A view of the conveyor from the new crusher at the Collahuasi copper mine in Chile, the fourth-largest mine in the world. Nickel Prices and Inventories Copper Prices and Inventories 60.0 6.00 1,500 1.0 52.5 5.25 0.9 1,200 0.8 45.0 4.50 0.7 37.5 3.75 900 0.6 30.0 3.00 0.5 22.5 2.25 600 0.4 (000s of tonnes) (000s of tonnes) 0.3 15.0 1.50 300 0.2 7.5 0.75 0.1 0.0 0.00 0 0.0 99Q4 00Q4 01Q4 02Q4 03Q4 99Q4 00Q4 01Q4 02Q4 03Q4 Nickel prices soared in the second half of Copper prices increased 14% in 2003 the year while inventories declined. year over year. Price (US$/lb.) LME Inventories Price (US$/lb.) Exchange* Inventories *LME, COMEX, Shanghai Falconbridge Nickel Production Falconbridge Copper Production (000s of tonnes) (000s of tonnes) 120 350 280 90 210 140 60 70 30 0 01 02 03 00 03 00 01 99 02 The Company set a nickel production record Copper production in 2003 was slightly in 2003, exceeding 104,000 tonnes. lower than in 2002, partly due to anticipated lower ore grades at Collahuasi, Chile. Falconbridge Falconbridge Earnings Cash Flow Falconbridge Revenues by Product (US$ M) (US$ M) 270 540 240 480 $445 210 $194 420 180 360 Nickel 49% 150 300 $228 Copper 33% 120 240 Zinc 5% 90 180 Other 13% 60 $50 120 30 60 0 0 02 03 02 03 Both earnings and cash flow benefited Nickel and copper together represent in from the surge in metal prices in 2003. excess of 80% of the Company’s revenues. 2003 Financial Highlights The world economy picked up at a faster pace than originally anticipated. Nickel continued to outperform all other base metals, with prices rising 40% over the year. The market outlook also improved for copper, with prices rising 14%. The fundamentals remain very positive for 2004 and 2005. US$ MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA 2003 2002 Operating Highlights Revenues $ 2,083 $ 1,525 Operating income 305 78 Earnings 194 50 Cash provided by operating activities 445 228 Capital expenditures and deferred project costs 370 234 Financial Position (at December 31) Cash and cash equivalents 298 165 Working capital 649 443 Total assets 4,105 3,398 Long-term debt 1,427 1,280 Shareholders’ equity 1,925 1,516 Return on common shareholders’ equity 11.7% 3.1% Return on net assets 12.6% 3.2% Ratio of net debt to net debt plus equity 37% 42% Per Common Share Earnings (Basic) $ 1.05 $0.24 Earnings (Diluted) 1.04 0.24 Cash provided by operating activities 2.51 1.29 Book value 10.83 8.57 Shares outstanding 178.8 177.6 2003 Performance Versus Objectives Achieve efficiency, production and Begin Koniambo bankable feasibility Advance development of Kidd cost objectives set by each operation study Mine D and Collahuasi expansion Met or exceeded production tar- Began bankable feasibility study and keep projects on budget and gets at almost all operations. in September. Financing arrange- on schedule 17Production records established for 4ments progressing in parallel. Both Collahuasi and Kidd Mine D nickel and at Lomas Bayas. remain on budget and on Controllable cost targets largely Grow nickel resource base through schedule. Collahuasi completion met but exchange rate movements exploration, acquisitions, business is expected in June 2004 and and higher energy costs adversely partnerships and technology Mine D in late 2004. affected results. Added 11 million tonnes of nickel 5resources. Expanded resources at Deliver cost savings and increased Increase asset utilization within Nickel Rim South and Fraser profits by working with Noranda and INO by increasing profitable feed Morgan deposits in Sudbury by other mining companies volumes 87% and 158%, respectively. Also 8Six Sigma delivered $13 million of 2Record nickel production within replaced Raglan production. savings in 2003, with $30 million INO, which increased by 13% to expected in 2004. Continued 77,183 tonnes, compared to Improve profitability of Kidd through cooperation with Noranda gene- 68,530 tonnes in 2002. cooperative activities with Horne rated cost savings of $8 million. smelter and CCR refinery Review Montcalm feasibility study 6Cooperative activities with Noranda and make development decision on successfully implemented. Lowered this nickel deposit operating costs through a 15% Made development decision and workforce reduction. Ability to 3started construction in November. process higher value complex con- centrates has been verified. Falconbridge: Strong Fundamentals During the past two years, Falconbridge has built a solid foundation in the nickel and copper markets, two metals with excellent fundamentals. Shareholder value will be created with a strategy focused on maximizing the value of our assets, profitably growing our production base and maintaining a strong balance sheet. Return on Net Assets 2003 Share Price Return on Equity (Cdn$) 35% 32 18% 30 30% 15% 28 Goal: 15% 25% 26 12% 20% 24 Goal: 18% 22 9% 15% 20 6% 10% 18 16 5% 3% 14 0% 12 0% 97 03 94 95 96 98 99 01 02 00 97 03 94 95 96 98 99 01 02 00 Jan Apr Oct Jun Feb Mar Nov Aug Dec July May Sept The implementation of our new In 2003, Falconbridge’s share price Falconbridge achieved an 11.7% return business plan will help narrow the increased 107%, whereas the on equity in 2003 and remains focused gap with our 18% RONA objective. S&P/TSX Composite Index on its 15% ROE objective. increased 24%. Investment Grade Credit Ratings: Moody’s: Baa3 Standard & Poor’s: BBB– Dominion Bond Rating Service: BBB High IN THIS REPORT, ALL NUMBERS ARE IN U.S. DOLLARS AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ARE METRIC UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED. 1 To Our Shareholders 2003 was a year of significant industrialization of Asia, particu- Fundamental progress for Falconbridge. Our larly in China, where demand must decision to focus on our strengths – be met with imports due to the Strength in nickel and in copper – continued country’s insufficient nickel and to pay dividends as the fundamen- copper resources. tals for these metals kept improving. During 2003, world nickel con- Higher metal prices combined with sumption grew by 5%, with over solid production resulted in net one-third of that growth coming earnings of $194 million, or from China alone. Nickel prices $1.05 per share, a 288% increase moved faster than anticipated due • Uniquely concentrated in compared to last year. Operation- to labour disruptions at a major nickel and copper – two ally, we met or exceeded most of producer, which removed approxi- metals with excellent our targets, improved the position mately 30,000 tonnes of supply. of our assets and advanced our new short-term and long-term This further compounded an projects. We managed the balance fundamentals already tight market situation. As a sheet by funding our operations result, the nickel price rallied and capital expenditures from • Consumption rising due sharply and is now over $7.00/lb. operating cash flows and also added to improving global In 2003, the price averaged to our liquidity by extending the $4.37/lb., compared to $3.07/lb. economy and demand term of our debt and establishing in 2002. from China new credit relationships. Our progress, combined with the The copper market shifted into • Solid production base improving outlook for nickel and deficit in 2003 as a result of supply with upside potential copper contributed to a significant constraints and China’s increasing improvement in Falconbridge’s demand for the metal. Overall • Substantial options share price during the past year.
Recommended publications
  • Falconbridge Limited
    Falconbridge Limited 2004 ANNUAL REPORT 2004 Financial Highlights (US$ MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA) 2004 2003 Operating Highlights Revenues $ 3,070 $ 2,083 Operating income 969 301 Earnings 672 191 Cash provided by operating activities before changes in working capital 1,067 445 Capital expenditures and deferred project costs 573 370 Financial Position Cash and cash equivalents 645 298 (at December 31) Working capital 933 649 Total assets 5,118 4,172 Long-term debt 1,437 1,427 Shareholders’ equity 2,563 1,938 Return on common shareholders’ equity (ROE) 31% 11% Return on net assets 31% 13% Ratio of net debt to net debt plus equity 24% 37% Per Common Share (US$) Earnings (Basic) $ 3.71 $ 1.03 Earnings (Diluted) 3.69 1.02 Cash provided by operating activities 5.38 2.48 Book value 14.25 10.84 Shares outstanding (millions of shares) 179.8 178.8 Front cover, from left to right: RETURN ON EQUITY RETURN ON NET ASSETS SHARE PRICE 1) Nickel Rim South, Sudbury, Falconbridge achieved a Falconbridge increased its During 2004, Falconbridge Ontario, vent shaft galloway 31% return on equity in RONA to 31% in 2004, maintained an average stock price assembly of two sections 2004 exceeding its 15% surpassing its 18% target. of Cdn$31.88, 60% higher than 2) Nickel end product ROE objective. its 2003 average of Cdn$19.95. 3) Lomas Bayas, Chile 4) Nikkelverk, Norway, refinery (%) (%) (Cdn$) 37 30 30 34 25 25 31 28 20 20 GOAL 18% 25 15 GOAL 15% 15 22 2003 average stock price 10 10 19 16 5 5 13 0 0 10 00 01 02 03 04 00 01 02 03 04 2003 2004 Investment Grade Credit Ratings: Moody’s: Baa3 Standard & Poor’s: BBB– Dominion Bond Rating Service: BBB High Why Invest in Falconbridge? Right metals – nickel and copper Solid production base – upside potential Growth opportunities – within our control Growing value of scarce resources Financial strength to fund operations and growth projects NICKEL PRODUCTION COPPER PRODUCTION Falconbridge achieved Falconbridge achieved record refined nickel production of copper mine production of 100,900* tonnes in 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Operations Sustainability Report
    TSX:KL NYSE:KL ASX:KLA Canadian Operations Sustainability Report JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2017 PMS: 662 C PMS: Cool Gray 7 C PMS: 7407 C PMS: 135 C C:100 M:87 Y:0 K:20 C:20 M:14 Y:12 K:40 C:6 M:36 Y:79 K:12 C:0 M:21 Y:76 K:0 R:24 G:54 B:131 R:135 G:138 B:143 R:210 G:152 B:71 R:255 G:203 B:88 HEX: #163683 HEX: #878a8f HEX: #d29847 HEX: #ffcb58 Canadians Operations Sustainability Report | January to December 2017 | Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd About This Report ABOUT THIS REPORT Kirkland Lake Gold (the “Company” or “KL”) operates four gold mines: Macassa, Holt and Taylor in Canada, and Fosterville in Australia. The Company’s Canadian-based mines operate under the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada, and in particular the Mining Act of Ontario and the Regulations promulgated thereunder. This report is for the calendar year 2017 and all monetary amounts noted in the report are presented in Canadian Dollars (CAD), unless otherwise indicated. This report is available at www.klgold.com TSX:KL NYSE:KL ASX:KLA Canadians Operations Sustainability Report | January to December 2017 | Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd Contents PMS: 662 C PMS: Cool Gray 7 C PMS: 7407 C PMS: 135 C C:100 M:87 Y:0 K:20 C:20 M:14 Y:12 K:40 C:6 M:36 Y:79 K:12 C:0 M:21 Y:76 K:0 R:24 G:54 B:131 R:135 G:138 B:143 R:210 G:152 B:71 R:255 G:203 B:88 2017HEX: #163683 HEX: #878a8f HEX: #d29847 HEX: #ffcb58 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 1.0 Introduction 01 1.1 Overview of Kirkland Lake Gold Canadian Operations 01 1.1.1 Macassa 02 1.1.2 Holt 03 1.1.3 Taylor 04 2.0 Economic Benefits
    [Show full text]
  • Companhia Vale Do Rio Doce
    As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2007. UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 20-F ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2006 Commission file number: 001-15030 COMPANHIA VALE DO RIO DOCE (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Federative Republic of Brazil (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Avenida Graça Aranha, No. 26 20030-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (Address of principal executive offices) Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered Preferred class A shares of CVRD, no par value per share New York Stock Exchange* American Depositary Shares (evidenced by American depositary receipts) each representing one preferred class A share of CVRD New York Stock Exchange Common shares of CVRD, no par value per share New York Stock Exchange* American Depositary Shares (evidenced by American depositary receipts) each representing one common share of CVRD New York Stock Exchange 6.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2036, issued by Vale Overseas New York Stock Exchange 8.250% Guaranteed Notes due 2034, issued by Vale Overseas New York Stock Exchange 6.250% Guaranteed Notes due 2017, issued by Vale Overseas New York Stock Exchange 6.250% Guaranteed Notes due 2016, issued by Vale Overseas New York Stock Exchange * Shares are not listed for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares pursuant to the requirements of the New York Stock Exchange.
    [Show full text]
  • Ausenco NI 43-101 Template
    Crawford Nickel Sulphide Project NI 43-101 Technical Report & Preliminary Economic Assessment Ontario, Canada Effective Date: May 21, 2021 Prepared for: Canada Nickel Company Inc. 130 King St. West Suite 1900 Toronto, Ontario, M5X 1E3 Prepared by: Ausenco Engineering Canada Inc. 11 King St. West Suite 1550 Toronto, Ontario, M5H 4C7 List of Qualified Persons: Paul Staples, P.Eng., Ausenco Engineering Canada Inc. Greg Lane, FAUSIMM, Ausenco Services Pty. Ltd. Scott Jobin-Bevans, P.Geo., Caracle Creek International Consulting Inc. John Siriunas, P.Eng., Caracle Creek International Consulting Inc. David Penswick, P.Eng., Independent Mining Consultant Sheila Ellen Daniel, P.Geo., Wood Canada Ltd. Karel Van Zyl, P.Eng., Wood Canada Ltd. CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFIED PERSON L. Paul Staples I, L. Paul Staples, P.Eng., certify that I am employed as VP and Global Practice Lead with Ausenco Engineering Canada (“Ausenco”), with an office address of 855 Homer Street, Vancouver, BC. This certificate applies to the technical report titled “Crawford Nickel Sulphide Project – NI 43-101 Technical Report & Preliminary Economic Assessment” that has an effective date of May 21, 2021 (the “Technical Report”). I graduated from Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario in 1993 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Materials and Metallurgical Engineering. I am a member in good standing of the Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia, Licence #47467. I have practiced my profession for 28 years continuously. I have been directly involved in many similar projects and studies in Canada and abroad. I have read the definition of “Qualified Person” set out in the National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and certify that by virtue of my education, affiliation to a professional association and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a “Qualified Person” for those sections of the Technical Report that I am responsible for preparing.
    [Show full text]
  • Ontario Must Assess the Impacts of Mines and Smelters Before They Are Built!
    ONTARIO MUST ASSESS THE IMPACTS OF MINES AND SMELTERS BEFORE THEY ARE BUILT! Submission on a proposed list of projects which will be subject to the comprehensive environmental assessment requirements in Part II.3 of the Environmental Assessment Act (EAA) and will be designated in a regulation as Part II.3 projects Environmental Registry of Ontario number 019-2377 by Ontarians for a Just Accountable Mineral Strategy Commissioned by MiningWatch Canada November 5, 2020 Executive summary Before new or expanding mines, mills and smelters get their permits and are built in Ontario, we need to know their impacts. The process to do this is known as environmental assessment (EA). On July 8, 2020, Government of Ontario proposed sweeping changes to the Environmental Assessment Act (EAA) as part of the omnibus COVID-19 Economic Recovery Act, Bill 197. One of these changes is to develop a list of high-risk projects that will be subject to EA. Ontario has never required new or expanding mines, mills, smelters, and refineries to undergo an assessment of their impacts on the environment, the economy, or society. Out of 31 mines and mills currently operating in Ontario, only four have gone through an EA, and only one of those was by the province; the other three were reviewed by the federal government. With one exception, mines and smelters in Sudbury, Timmins, and Kirkland Lake have never completed an EA. We are hopeful that mines and smelters will finally appear on a new Ontario list of projects that pose the most risk to us all and we welcome this opportunity to comment.
    [Show full text]
  • NORANDA ANNUAL REPORT 2004 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Cc2 Noranda
    NORANDA ANNUAL REPORT 2004 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements cc2 Noranda N nnual eport 2004 Strong Results, Excellent Performance oranda A R A nnual R Noranda is a leading copper and nickel company copper and nickel mining deposits. It employs eport with investments in fully-integrated zinc and 16,000 people at its operations and offices in 2004 aluminum assets. The Company’s primary focus is 18 countries and is listed on the New York Stock the identification and development of world-class Exchange and The Toronto Stock Exchange (NRD). A World of Resources A Wealth of Opportunities For the most up-to-date investor information visit our website: www.noranda.com Solid Strategy, Solid Returns A World of Resources Noranda is a leading international mining and metals company with a Operating Capital Assets A Wealth of Opportunities primary focus of identifying and developing world-class copper and by Business Noranda’s current business spans the globe and our quest for growth and development opportunities has nickel mineral deposits. We are one of the world’s largest producers of 1% equal breadth. With a winning strategy, a strong financial position, empowered employees and an attractive copper, nickel and zinc, and a significant producer of primary aluminum 15% 3% portfolio of development projects, we remain well positioned to further enhance value for all shareholders. and fabricated aluminum products, lead, silver, gold, cobalt, indium and 59% sulphuric acid. We employ 16,000 people at operations and offices in 22% 18 countries. Noranda is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and The Toronto Stock Exchange and trades under the symbol NRD.
    [Show full text]
  • Ontario Mine Rescue Competition Awards
    Ontario Mine Rescue Competition Awards JUNE 2018 Table of Contents Provincial Championship Award (M.S.A. Trophy) John Guthrie (Special Equipment) Award Firefighting Award First Aid Award Equipment Technician Award Kirkland Lake District Onaping District Red Lake District Southern District Sudbury District Thunder Bay/Algoma District Timmins District Former District Trophies Provincial Championship Award The M.S.A. Trophy, donated by MSA Canada Ltd., has been awarded to the top team in the annual Provincial Mine Rescue Competition since 1955. A cut and polished granitoid slab with plaque rests above a silver, trapezoidal engraved scene of a linked six-man mine rescue team wearing McCaa breathing apparatus. The team is traversing a double-tracked drift, as the lead rescuer holds a Wolf flame safety lamp, while the second holds a self-rescuer. The trophy originally consisted only of the slab and the first tier with the engraving. The bottom three tiers were added. 1950 – Pamour Porcupine Gold Mines 1987 – Denison Mines Ltd. 1951 – Hallnor Mines Ltd. 1988 – Denison Mines Ltd. 1952 – Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines Ltd. 1989 – American Barrick Resources 1953 – Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd. - Holt McDermott Mine 1954 – MacLeod Cockshutt Gold Mines Ltd. 1990 – Sifto Canada, Goderich Mine 1955 – Kerr Addison Gold Mines Ltd. 1991 – Placer Dome Inc., Campbell Mine 1956 – Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd. 1992 – Placer Dome Inc., Dome Mine - East Mine 1993 – Inco Ltd., Frood Stobie Complex 1957 – Steep Rock Iron Mines Ltd. 1994 – Inco Ltd., Levack Complex 1958 – Steep Rock Iron Mines Ltd. 1995 – Inco Ltd., Frood Stobie Complex 1959 – Algom Uranium Mines Ltd. 1996 – Falconbridge, Onaping Craig Mine - Quirke Mine 1997 – Falconbridge 1960 – Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Solid-Ground-2-2016.Pdf
    #2 2016 SOLIDGROUND A MAGAZINE FROM Canada: SANDVIK MINING AND ROCK TECHNOLOGY Profound productivity Sandvik DR481i: Bigger is better Intelligence: TRUST THE Higher BUCKET: learning an integrated solution Battery-driven equipment heralds the future of emissions-free underground mining. CHARGED UP WELCOME SANDVIK NEWS Riding high in Finland ................................ 5 Dear reader, PROFILE Salt of the earth ......................................... 6 THE MAIN HEADLINE on the front cover, “Charged up” (referring to our battery-trammed equipment and exhaust-free TRADE NEWS mining), can also mean “to be excited and full of energy” – and The search for Pharaohs’ gold ............... 8 that’s very much how Sandvik Mining and Rock Technology is feeling about the future of our industry, with the innovative KGHM RUDNA COPPER MINE products and services that we are bringing to the market. A total-bucket approach....................... 10 Today’s challenging market calls for ever-greater productivity BATTERY-DRIVEN EQUIPMENT and efficiency, and our focus is on supporting our customers in this drive. Just one example is the total bucket concept delivered The mission to eliminate emissions...16 to Europe’s largest copper mine, enabling a significant reduction GLENCORE KIDD BASE-METAL MINE in loader maintenance costs, optimized productivity and reduced downtime. Automation to the core ........................ 20 SANDVIK DR481i ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY will always be a top Productivity through power ................ 26 priority for us, and we know that it will only continue to grow in importance across our industry. That’s why we are launching SUSTAINING SAFETY the aforementioned battery-driven mining equipment to Rod rack redesign ................................... 30 address the potential health impacts of diesel particulate matter and other underground engine INTELLIGENCE emissions – thereby also potentially helping to Education roundtable ..........................
    [Show full text]
  • Tracing Ancient Hydrogeological Fracture Network Age and Compartmentalisation Using Noble Gases
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 222 (2018) 340–362 www.elsevier.com/locate/gca Tracing ancient hydrogeological fracture network age and compartmentalisation using noble gases Oliver Warr a,b,⇑, Barbara Sherwood Lollar b, Jonathan Fellowes c, Chelsea N. Sutcliffe b, Jill M. McDermott b, Greg Holland c, Jennifer C. Mabry a, Christopher J. Ballentine a a Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom b Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada c School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom Received 3 March 2017; accepted in revised form 16 October 2017; available online 25 October 2017 Abstract We show that fluid volumes residing within the Precambrian crystalline basement account for ca 30% of the total ground- water inventory of the Earth (> 30 million km3). The residence times and scientific importance of this groundwater are only now receiving attention with ancient fracture fluids identified in Canada and South Africa showing: (1) microbial life which has existed in isolation for millions of years; (2) significant hydrogen and hydrocarbon production via water–rock reactions; and (3) preserving noble gas components from the early atmosphere. Noble gas (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) abundance and isotopic compositions provide the primary evidence for fluid mean residence time (MRT). Here we extend the noble gas data from the Kidd Creek Mine in Timmins Ontario Canada, a volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit formed at 2.7 Ga, in which fracture fluids with MRTs of 1.1–1.7 Ga were identified at 2.4 km depth (Holland et al., 2013); to fracture fluids at 2.9 km depth.
    [Show full text]
  • Asbestos Hill Mine in Nunavik
    Seeking Closure: Legacies of the Asbestos Hill mine in Nunavik Jeanette Carney, Memorial University of Newfoundland Masters Thesis Report Asbestos Hill: Inuit Experiences with Nunavik’s First Mine Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………...3 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Interviews ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Archives ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Funding and Support .................................................................................................................... 6 Findings ........................................................................................................................................... 6 History .......................................................................................................................................... 6 The Asbestos Hill mine ................................................................................................................. 7 Inuit Work Experiences....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Canadian Mining Industry North of the 55Th Parallel: a Maritime Traffic Generator?
    The Canadian Mining Industry North of the 55th parallel: a maritime traffic generator? Abstract Keywords: Arctic, Mining, Canada, Sea Shipping & Transportation, Northwest Passage Introduction Melting summer sea ice in the Arctic has been extensively documented and has increasingly been making headlines. This phenomenon, underlined by scientists and the media since the turn of the century, has triggered speculation on the opening of much shorter sea routes linking Europe via the eastern coast of North America to Asia, as well as on increased access to mineral resources in this region. The Arctic is currently undergoing a change of pace many would not have considered possible only a decade or so ago (Molenaar 2014). Closely integrated into the current economics of globalization, the Arctic region of the 21st century shows a growing worldwide economic, political and scientific interest. It also provides options in relation to energy security (Zhang 2011; Blunden 2012; Huebert and al. 2012; Johnston 2010; 2012) and visions of new transarctic sea routes (Lasserre, 2011; Pelletier and Lasserre 2012; Farré and al. 2014; Heininen 2014). In recent years, the prospect of growing shipping traffic in Arctic waters led to analysis pertaining to the possibilities for expanded activities in the cruise industry (Stewart and al. 2007; Grenier and Müller 2011; Lemelin, Dawson and Stewart 2012; Lasserre and Têtu 2013; Dawson, Johnston and Stewart 2014), the fishing industry (Arctic Council 2009), as well as in cargo shipping for western and Asian commercial shipping companies (Lasserre and Pelletier 2011; Campbell, 2012; Lasserre 2014) It seems, however, that less attention has been paid to the prospect of the mining industry becoming a major maritime traffic generator despite all the attention paid to the oil & gas potential of the region.
    [Show full text]
  • My Administration Régionale Kativik Kativik Regional
    2007 vtF4 kNooμ5 v?mY Administration régionale Kativik Kativik Regional Government kNooμk5 vt1zpq5 vt[4 kNooμ5 v?mzb Council of the Kativik Regional Government Conseil de l’Administration régionale Kativik S3gi3ni vtmº5 Executive Committee Comité administratif μr wm3M4 ÉnC e8kxJx6 GS[3ig6H ÔyW €Ncb6 Gvq3h6H ÷i s{?s5 Gdx3b6H ™ä xs9Ml4 Gxfo[4H Maggie Emudluk Aisara Kenuajuak (Puvirnituq) Joseph Annahatak (Kangirsuk) Johnny Oovaut (Quaqtaq) Eli Aullaluk (Akulivik) grjx3typ grjx3typs2-gzoz Chairperson Vice-Chairperson présidente vice-président xyq5 vt1zº5 Other Councillors Autres conseillers uxp €3z6 Wl3©5 Gvq3hJx6H Mary A. Pilurtuut (Kangiqsujuaq) ˜p Ax5 Gƒ4Jx6H Larry Watt (Kuujjuaq) Wb jxv8 Gvq3hxl4Jx6H Peter Morgan (Kangiqsualujjuaq) Ö[5 ¬vy GxsXl4H David Lucassie (Aupaluk) Wb x3Ng6 Gbys/6H Peter Angnatuk (Tasiujaq) €8t jxcs+ Gwk4Jx6H Andy Moorehouse (Inukjuak) €bu XWv4g6 Gn9lw5H Adamie Papigatuk (Salluit) vwyμ4GwKp[4H Casey Mark (Ivujivik) s÷W gvl4 Gsus/6H Robbie Tookalook (Umiujaq) ¬vy wk4X4 Gƒ5JxÇW4H Lucassie Inukpuk (Kuujjuarapik) WoW ™i+ GvsZsÛ5yμ5+H Phillip Einish (Kawawachikamach) WQx1zizi yMtz: ©3ô cçlq5, ƒD3Jx6 u3awy3[4. Front cover: Torngat Mountains, Kuururjuaq Park Project. Couverture : Les monts Torngat, projet de parc Kuururjuaq. vtF4 KATIVIK 2007 wloq5b hNsiq5 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE DES MATIÈRES grjx3typs2 scsyq5 .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]