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PHYSICS NEWS BULLETIN of the INDIAN PHYSICS ASSOCIATION January – March 2020 Vol PHYSICS NEWS BULLETIN OF THE INDIAN PHYSICS ASSOCIATION January – March 2020 Vol. 50 No. 1 ISSN: 0253 – 7583 www.tifr.res.in/~ipa1970 B.V. Sreekantan (1925-2019) INDIAN PHYSICS ASSOCIATION was founded in 1970 with the following aims and objectives: a) to help the advancement, dissemination and application of the knowledge of physics b) to promote active interaction among all persons, bodies, institutions (private and/or state owned) and industries interested achieving the advancement, dissemination and application of the knowledge of physics c) to disseminate information in the field of physics by publication of bulletins, reports, newsletters, journals incorporating research and teaching ideas, reviews, new developments, announcements regarding meetings, seminars, etc., and also by arranging special programmes for students or establishing student cadres d) to arrange seminars, lectures, debates, panel discussions, conferences and film shows on current research topics and other topics of national and local interest pertaining to research and teaching in physics e) to undertake and execute all other acts as mentioned in the constitution of IPA President Members Dr. A. K. Mohanty [email protected] Dr. D. Kanjilal [email protected] Vice President Dr. S. M. Yusuf Dr. N. K. Sahoo [email protected] [email protected] General Secretary Dr. Bivash R. Behera Prof. Vandana Nanal [email protected] [email protected] Dr. Sudhakar Panda Joint Secretary [email protected] Dr. Pawan Kumar Kulriya [email protected] Prof. Srubabati Goswami [email protected] Treasurer Dr. D. V. Udupa Prof. Vijay Singh [email protected] [email protected] Room No. 4, PRIP Shed Room No. 103 B, NIUS Building Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education Trombay V. N. Purav Marg, Mankhurd Mumbai – 400 085 Mumbai – 400 088 Tel.: +91 22 25505138 / 25595369 Tel: +91 22 25072531 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.tifr.res.in/~ipa1970 PHYSICS NEWS Vol. 50 No. 1 January – March 2020 Contents Editorial 2 From the President’s Desk 3 Articles The Scientific Journey of B.V. Sreekantan 4 P.C. Agrawal Prof. B.V. Sreekantan - A Humane Visionary 14 Palahalli R. Vishwanath How to ‘see’ the invisible at collider 16 Rohini Godbole Quest for the “Top” 22 Naba K. Mondal Resources for Quantum Technologies 24 Aditi Sen (De) Subsurface detection by SHAllow RADar on MARS 29 S. K. Mishra and Rajiv R. Bharti ANN based identification of tsunamigenic earthquakes using seismic wave 35 Ajit Kundu, Pratap Mane and Siddhartha Mukhopadhyay News and Events GIPWG Activity Report 42 Book Review: Dr. B.V. Sreekantan-A Pioneer Physicist 44 Meet the Physicists 46 Backscatter: Pandemics, Public Health, and Physics 47 The opinions expresses in the articles in this issue are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Physics News or IPA PHYSICS NEWS is funded by a grant from the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS) of the department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. Image Credits : Front cover - CORSIKA simulation of an extensive air shower initiated by a 1 TeV proton (www- zeuthen.desy.de/~jknapp/fs/proton_12_0deg.xz.png); Back cover - The High Altitude GAmma Ray (HAGAR) telescope array at Hanle, Ladakh (HAGAR team, TIFR) Physics News PHYSICS NEWS (ISSN : 0253-7583) January-March 2020 Vol. 50 No. 1 Editorial [email protected] We are very happy to bring out the first issue of the golden jubilee volume (Volume 50) of the IPA Physics News. In this issue we pay tribute to Prof. B.V. Sreekantan, EDITORS one of the pioneers of experimental cosmic ray research in India from deep mines to Arnab Bhattacharya high altitudes. He initiated X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy studies, which have culminated in many major projects like the ASTROSAT satellite and the HAGAR Vandana Nanal telescope. He was closely associated with the IPA and served as its president from Aradhana Shrivastava 1977-79. We have two articles on Prof. Sreekantan by his close associates describing his role as a scientist and science administrator. The January to March period covers the UN’s International Day of Women and Girls th th in Science (11 Feb.) and Women’s Day (8 March). Additionally, this year the theme CONSULTING EDITORS for India’s National Science Day (28th Feb.) was “Women in Science”. This issues Dipan K. Ghosh contains articles by two outstanding women physicists: Aditi De, the first woman physicist in the past 60 years to get prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar award in S. Kailas physical sciences and Rohini Godbole – recipient of the IPA’s R.D. Birla award of 2018 and the first woman physicist to be honoured with Padma award. The Hyderabad charter – recommendations from the gender working group of IPA to move towards S. Kailas achieving gender neutrality, is also reported in this issue. To add a personal touch to the newsletter, we are starting a new page “Meet the Physicists” – bringing you profiles of physicists across the country, from different disciplines and age groups. In this issue, keeping up with theme of 11th February, we feature 4 women physicists across India. We also have two general articles - ANN based identification of tsunamigenic earthquakes using seismic waves and Subsurface detections by SHAllow RADar (SHARAD) on MARS. We are glad that the recently introduced “backscatter” page has been very well received and in this issue we take a look at a topic in the news that certainly is causing great concern, the connection between physics and pandemics. We hope you enjoy the different articles in this issue. This is your newsletter and we really welcome your valuable feedback and suggestions to make Physics News grow in stature and strength. Please note that Physics News is now available online on the IPA webpage. Happy reading! Editorial Board PHYSICS NEWS is published quarterly and is the official bulletin of Indian Physics Association, IIT Bombay, Mumbai – 400 076 PHYSICS NEWS is mailed free to all members. Copies can be purchased at the rate of ₹.150 per copy. Correspondence regarding subscription and other matter should be addressed to General Secretary, IPA - [email protected] 2 Physics News From the President’s Desk This issue highlights the works of one of the Pioneering Physicists of the country, prof. B.V. Sreekantan – who passed away recently. Prof. Sreekantan was intimately connected with IPA and worked as a President of IPA during 1977-79. His contributions to Physics research in India and to the IPA, are numerous and he will be missed by the community Many members have appreciated on-line publication of Physics News Oct-Dec. 2019 issue. This is expected to widen the reach of Physics News and consequently, IPA both nationally and internationally. A special seminar “New horizons in Physics” is being planned in Aug. 2020 to commemorate 50 years of IPA, with a goal to acquaint young researchers with exciting developments in various areas of Physics. We hope this occasion will also provide opportunities for improved networking with young physicists. A.K. Mohanty 3 Physics News The Scientific Journey of B.V. Sreekantan P.C. Agrawal Senior Professor (Retd.) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research E-mail: [email protected] P.C. Agrawal joined TIFR in 1962 and earned PhD from Mumbai University in 1972 on study of X- ray binaries with balloon- borne experiments under the mentor-ship of Prof B.V. Sreekantan. During the last four decades he has contributed significantly to advance understanding of a variety of cosmic X-ray sources with the balloon, rocket and satellite borne experiments. He initiated the proposal for the first Indian Astronomy satellite ASTROSAT and served as its Principal Investigator during 2001- 2011. ASTROSAT, in operation since its launch in 2015, carries three X-ray instruments developed at TIFR, including a major instrument designed by Prof.Agrawal’s team. Abstract This article recounts the major scientific achievements of Prof B.V. Sreekantan from 1948 to 1992. He made noteworthy contributions to the development of many research programs for the studies of high energy cosmic rays and their interactions. He played a significant role in the initiation of major internationally competitive experiments like the first ever detection of cosmic ray produced neutrinos and proton decay experiment. He initiated an experiment at Ooty to detect Cerenkov light produced by very high energy Gamma-ray showers in the atmosphere, that has later culminated in the setting up of MACE Instrument at Hanle by BARC to study sources of TeV gamma-rays. He was instrumental in starting the balloon and rocket- borne experiments in the then emerging area of X-ray astronomy that resulted in TIFR group developing capability for building complex instruments for satellites and becoming an important center for research in X-ray astronomy. This led to the development and launch of the multiwavelength astronomy satellite ASTROSAT, launched by ISRO in 2015, which carried 3 major X-ray instruments developed by TIFR. Joining Tata Institute of Fundamental Research During his long and illustrious science career at TIFR, (TIFR) and early Project : Sreekantan made notable contributions to several areas of research using a variety of techniques and particle detectors. Sreekantan was born on June 30, 1925 and pursued his During his entire research career, the focus of his research was education in Mysore and Bengaluru leading to the award of studies of cosmic rays and their interactions. However, when M.Sc. Degree from Mysore University in 1947. He had new areas of research opened up like X-ray Astronomy and developed interest in research and applied for Research TeV Gamma-ray Astronomy, he immediately sensed the studentship to Institutions like Indian Institute of Science, opportunity for making front ranking contributions in these Bengaluru and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research virgin fields and took a plunge in them.
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