Some Restoration Projects in Iran Iran Is Composed of a Central Plateau Rimmed by Mountain Ranges Mainly the Alborz and Zagros Mountains

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Some Restoration Projects in Iran Iran is composed of a central plateau rimmed by mountain ranges mainly the Alborz and Zagros Mountains The character of the land is one of steppes and desert All of Restoration Projects in Iran is mainly supported by two organizations : Environment Department Forest & Rangeland Organization The current Restoration Programs The Uremia Lake restoration Project Zagros woodland restoration Project The Cheetah habitat restoration activities Desertification Project (Forest & Rangeland Organization) Unsustainable Development puts the lake at risk • More water abstraction from rivers and ground water resources; • Expansion of agricultural lands; Use of traditional irrigation systems; • Existing of unauthorized irrigation wells; The woodland is located on Zagros Mountains in west of Iran There are 27 protected area in the Zagros region The Zagros Mountains Project purpose is to facilitate the design, establishment, sustainable development and integrated management of the oak woodlands in west of Iran Changing the forest areas to agricultural and habitat lands Lack of fossil fuel supply in some areas Imbalance presence of domestic animal in the woods Road Constructions Mining Threats Public Education Local community participation Management of domestic animal in the woodland Implanting , proliferation and pest controlling of Trees The Cheetah Conservation Project • Their population is divided between at least ten protected habitats. • These habitats are located in the region of the Kavir Desert in eastern Iran. Living map of Asiatic Cheetah Road construction is an important factor of habitat degradation Increasing the number of protected area staffs number of game guards present: Kavir National Park – 16 Game Guards Siahkouh National Park – 5 Game Guards Turan National Park – 21 Game Guards Miandasht Wildlife Refuge – 12 Game Guards Dare Anjir Wildlife Refuge – 5 Game Guards Abbas Abad Wildlife Refuge – 14 Game Guards Naybandan Wildlife Refuge – 8 Game Guards Ravar Wildlife Refuge – 5 Game Guards Bafq Protected Area – 9 Game Guards Kalmand Protected Area – 15 Game Guards Education of local people and governmental officials .

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LCSH Section K
K., Rupert (Fictitious character) Motion of K stars in line of sight Ka-đai language USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) Radial velocity of K stars USE Kadai languages K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) — Orbits Ka’do Herdé language USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) UF Galactic orbits of K stars USE Herdé language K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K stars—Galactic orbits Ka’do Pévé language UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) BT Orbits USE Pévé language K9 (Fictitious character) — Radial velocity Ka Dwo (Asian people) K 37 (Military aircraft) USE K stars—Motion in line of sight USE Kadu (Asian people) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) — Spectra Ka-Ga-Nga script (May Subd Geog) K 98 k (Rifle) K Street (Sacramento, Calif.) UF Script, Ka-Ga-Nga USE Mauser K98k rifle This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Inscriptions, Malayan K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 subdivision. Ka-houk (Wash.) USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 BT Streets—California USE Ozette Lake (Wash.) K.A. Lind Honorary Award K-T boundary Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary UF Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) K.A. Linds hederspris K-T Extinction Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction BT National parks and reserves—Hawaii K-ABC (Intelligence test) K-T Mass Extinction Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-B Bridge (Palau) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K-theory Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test [QA612.33] USE Kajukenbo K.
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CHAPTER 3 HYDROLOGICAL MODELING 3.1 Introduction 3.2
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Central Asia
#1 Central Asia Snow leopard. All three big cats in the region – Persian leopard, Asiatic cheetah and snow leopard – are threatened by illegal hunting. Hunting of the cats' natural prey also causes starvation and increases the likelihood of attacks on domestic animals. 14 | | 15 Contents #1 3 _ Ongoing conservation efforts 54 List of figures 18 List of tables 18 3.1 Government 56 List of boxes 18 3.1.1 Institutions for conservation 56 List of abbreviations and acronyms 18 3.1.2 Protected areas 59 3.1.3 Transboundary initiatives 60 3.1.4 Wildlife law enforcement 62 3.1.5 National and local policies 63 0 _ Executive summary 20 3.1.6 International agreements 66 3.2 Community-based conservation 67 3.3 Civil society 67 1 _ Background 24 3.3.1 CSOs in Central Asia 67 3.3.2 CSO/NGO approaches and projects 68 1.1 Socio-economic setting 26 3.4 Private sector 72 1.1.1 Political and administrative context 26 3.5 International agencies and donors 73 1.1.2 Population and livelihoods 27 1.1.3 Economy 29 1.1.4 Resource ownership and governance 30 1.2 Key biodiversity features 31 4 _ Lessons learned 78 1.2.1 Geography and climate 31 4.1 Protected areas 80 1.2.2 Habitats and ecosystems 32 4.2 Landscape approaches to conservation 81 1.2.3 Species diversity, endemicity and extinction risk 35 4.3 Transboundary initiatives 82 1.2.4 Geographic priorities for conservation 36 4.4 Wildlife crime 82 4.5 Trophy and market hunting 84 4.6 Civil society organisations 85 2 _ Conservation challenges 40 4.7 Biodiversity conservation research 85 4.8 Private sector 85
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Molecular and Serological Survey of Selected Viruses in Free-Ranging Wild Ruminants in Iran
RESEARCH ARTICLE Molecular and Serological Survey of Selected Viruses in Free-Ranging Wild Ruminants in Iran Farhid Hemmatzadeh1*, Wayne Boardman1,2, Arezo Alinejad3, Azar Hematzade4, Majid Kharazian Moghadam5 1 School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 2 School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia, 3 DVM graduate, Faculty a1111111111 of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, 4 Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad a1111111111 University, Shahrekord branch, Shahrekord, Iran, 5 Iran Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 Abstract A molecular and serological survey of selected viruses in free-ranging wild ruminants was OPEN ACCESS conducted in 13 different districts in Iran. Samples were collected from 64 small wild rumi- Citation: Hemmatzadeh F, Boardman W, Alinejad nants belonging to four different species including 25 Mouflon (Ovis orientalis), 22 wild goat A, Hematzade A, Moghadam MK (2016) Molecular (Capra aegagrus), nine Indian gazelle (Gazella bennettii) and eight Goitered gazelle and Serological Survey of Selected Viruses in Free- (Gazella subgutturosa) during the national survey for wildlife diseases in Iran. Serum sam- Ranging Wild Ruminants in Iran. PLoS ONE 11 (12): e0168756. doi:10.1371/journal. ples were evaluated using serologic antibody tests for Peste de petits ruminants virus pone.0168756 (PPRV), Pestiviruses [Border Disease virus (BVD) and Bovine Viral Diarrhoea virus Editor: Graciela Andrei, Katholieke Universiteit (BVDV)], Bluetongue virus (BTV), Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), and Parainfluenza Leuven Rega Institute for Medical Research, type 3 (PI3). Sera were also ELISA tested for Pestivirus antigen.
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Conservation of the Asiatic Cheetah, Its Natural Habitat and Associated Biota in the I
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1993 United Nations List of National Parks and Protected Areas
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34 Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Research, Vol
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Asiatic Cheetah's (Acinonyx Jubatus Venaticus Griffith, 1821) (Felidae: Carnivora) Habitat Suitability Modeling in Iran
Volume 5 (1): 15-31 (2021) (http://www.wildlife-biodiversity.com/) Research Article Asiatic Cheetah's (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus Griffith, 1821) (Felidae: Carnivora) habitat suitability modeling in Iran Bahman Shams-Esfandabad1, Bagher Nezami2,3*, Negar Najafi Siavashan4, Zeinab Asadi5, Javad Ramezani3,6 1Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran 2Associate Professor, Department of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran 3Research Group of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran 4M.A. of Land Use Planning, Environmental Science Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural resources, Gorgan, Iran 5Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 6Assistant Professor, Department of Marine & Freshwater Sciences, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran *Email: [email protected] Received: 4 June 2020 / Revised: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 2 August 2020 / Published online: 02 August 2020. Ministry of Sciences, Research, and Technology, Arak University, Iran. How to cite: Shams-Esfandabad, B., Nezami, B., Najafi Siavashan, N., Asadi, Z. & Ramezani, J. (2021). Asiatic Cheetah's (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus Griffith, 1821) (Felidae: Carnivora) habitat suitability modeling in Iran, 5(1), 15-31. https://doi.org/ 10.22120/jwb.2020.128638.1151 Abstract Critically endangered Asiatic Cheetah faces a dramatic decrease in its abundance and distribution in recent decades, entailing the necessity for more severe conservation activities for the species in its last remaining habitats in Iran. Proper management of the target species is highly dependent on knowledge about its distribution and habitat requirements. The Maximum Entropy modeling approach was applied to achieve the species habitat suitability models using data collected from 2001 to 2018.
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5 95 GEORGELEDEC ROBERTGOODLAND Public Disclosure Authorized
1t- ___________________ 5 95 GEORGELEDEC ROBERTGOODLAND Public Disclosure Authorized VV >~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ITheir Prot ection Public Disclosure Authorized (PUB -£ ~~~~Reot rNo;.:1159. Tye Public Disclosure Authorized Tit'le: WILDLANDSS: THF-TR.PROTECTiON &; .w.- j B ? . , 7'6? ~~~~~~BOKTOR- SETf1E _' . _19-9 Public Disclosure Authorized M 11 .FElC,9tI Y I, .? f 0 | E fg | E ti _ eo | -m> | Wildlands Their Protecion and Management in Economic Development George Ledec Robert Goodland t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The World Bank Washington, D.C. Copyright © 1988 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433,U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing November 1988 Second printing September 1990 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this book are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The map that accompanies the text has been prepared solely for the convenience of readers; the designations and presentation of material in it da not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Bank, its aff liates, or its Board or member countries concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area or of the authorities thereof or concerning the delimitation of its boundaries or i ts national affiliation. The backlist of publications by the World Bani:is shown in the annual Indexof Publications, which is available from Publications Sales Unit, The World Bank, 1818 H Street, N.W, Washington, D.C.
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Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus in Vulnerable Wild Small
RESEARCH LETTERS Address for correspondence: Dennis Tappe, Bernhard Nocht Institute for characterized at that time. In 2001, at least 1,500 wild goats Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; and gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa) with clinical signs simi- email: [email protected] lar to those caused by PPRV infection died in Kavir National Park (Figure; online Technical Appendix Table, https://ww- wnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/23/4/16-1218-Techapp1.pdf). An estimated 25%–40% of the wild goat population in the park was deemed lost as a result of the disease. In 2011, PPRV was the suspected cause of 550–700 deaths among wild Peste des Petits Ruminants sheep in Sarigol National Park (Figure); laboratory investi- gations using conventional reverse transcription PCR (RT- Virus in Vulnerable PCR) confirmed PPRV infection in several dead animals Wild Small Ruminants, (Iran veterinary organization, pers. comm., 2011 Sep 26). Iran, 2014–2016 Beginning in September 2014, park rangers reported and field investigations substantiated mass deaths among wild goats in Bamou National Park (Figure). Clinical signs Mahmoud Marashi, Siamak Masoudi, in affected animals were similar to those reported in wild Majid Kharazian Moghadam, small ruminants in 2011, and samples we tested from 5 dead Hossein Modirrousta, Mahyar Marashi, goats were positive for PPRV by RT-PCR (online Technical Masoumeh Parvizifar, Majid Dargi, Appendix). In April 2015, a new outbreak started in Haftad Mahyar Saljooghian, Farbod Homan, Qolleh Arak (Figure) and continued until mid-May, result- Bernd Hoffmann, Claudia Schulz, Elke Starick, ing in the death of 428 wild goats and 30 wild sheep.
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Status of Asiatic Cheetah in Iran: a Country-Scale Assessment
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