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Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and Co2 Emissions

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Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and Co2 Emissions INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions In support of the G8 Plan of Action Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/w/bookshop/pricing.html ENERGY INDICATORS INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous body which was established in November 1974 within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to implement an international energy programme. It carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among twenty-six of the OECD thirty member countries. The basic aims of the IEA are: To maintain and improve systems for coping with oil supply disruptions. To promote rational energy policies in a global context through co-operative relations with non-member countries, industry and international organisations. To operate a permanent information system on the international oil market. To improve the world’s energy supply and demand structure by developing alternative energy sources and increasing the efficiency of energy use. To assist in the integration of environmental and energy policies. The IEA member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The Slovak Republic and Poland are likely to become member countries in 2007/2008. The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA. ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of thirty democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. © OECD/IEA, 2007 International Energy Agency (IEA), Head of Communication and Information Offi ce, 9 rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France. Please note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at http://www.iea.org/Textbase/about/copyright.asp FOREWORD 3 FOREWORD Improving energy efficiency is the single most important first step toward achieving the three goals of energy policy: security of supply, environmental protection and economic growth. Nearly a third of global energy demand and CO2 emissions are attributable to manufacturing, especially the big primary materials industries such as chemicals and petrochemicals, iron and steel, cement, paper and aluminium. Understanding how this energy is used, the national and international trends and the potential for efficiency gains, is crucial. This book shows that, while impressive efficiency gains have already been achieved in the past two decades, energy use and CO2 emissions in manufacturing industries could be reduced by a further quarter to a third, if best available technology were to be applied worldwide. Some of these additional reductions may not be economic in the short- and medium-term, but the sheer extent of the potential suggests that striving for significant improvements is a worthwhile and realistic effort. A systems approach is needed that transcends process or sector boundaries and that offers significant potential to save energy and cut CO2 emissions. The growth of industrial energy use in China has recently dwarfed the combined growth of all other countries. This structural change has had notable consequences for industrial energy use worldwide. It illustrates the importance of more international co-operation. The IEA has undertaken an extensive programme to assess industrial energy efficiencies worldwide. This study of industrial energy use represents important methodological progress. It pioneers powerful new statistical tools, or “indicators” that will provide the basis for future analysis at the IEA. At the same time it contains a wealth of recent data that provide a good overview of energy use for manufacturing worldwide. It also identifies areas where further analysis of industrial energy efficiency is warranted. Industry has provided significant input and support for this analysis and its publication is intended as a basis for further discussion. I am encouraged by the strong commitment that industry is demonstrating to address energy challenges and welcome the valuable contributions from the Industrial Energy-Related Technologies and Systems Implementing Agreement of the IEA collaborative network. This book is part of the IEA work in support of the G8 Gleneagles Plan of Action that mandated the Agency in 2005 to chart the path to a “clean, clever and competitive energy future”. It is my hope that this study will provide another step toward the realisation of a sustainable energy future. This study is published under my authority as Executive Director of the IEA and does not necessarily reflect the views of the IEA Member countries. Claude Mandil Executive Director ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This publication was prepared by the International Energy Agency. The work was co- ordinated by the Energy Technology and R&D Office (ETO). Neil Hirst, Director of the ETO, provided invaluable leadership and inspiration throughout the project. Robert Dixon, Head of the Energy Technology Policy Division, offered essential guidance and input. This work was done in close co-operation with the Long-Term Co-operation and Policy Office (LTO) under the direction of Noé van Hulst. In particular, the Energy Efficiency and Climate Change Division, headed by Rick Bradley, took part in this analysis. Also the Energy Statistics Division and the Office of Global Energy Dialogue provided valuable contributions. Dolf Gielen was the co-ordinator of the project and had overall responsibility for the design and development of the study. The other main authors were Kamel Bennaceur, Tom Kerr, Cecilia Tam, Kanako Tanaka, Michael Taylor and Peter Taylor. Other important contributions came from Richard Baron, Nigel Jollands, Julia Reinaud and Debra Justus. Many other IEA colleagues have provided comments and suggestions, particularly Jean-Yves Garnier, Elena Merle-Beral, Michel Francoeur, Dagmar Graczyk, Jung-Ah Kang, Ghislaine Kieffer, Olivier Lavagne d’Ortigue, Audrey Lee, Isabel Murray and Jonathan Sinton. Production assistance was provided by the IEA Communication and Information Office: Rebecca Gaghen, Muriel Custodio, Corinne Hayworth, Loretta Ravera and Bertrand Sadin added significantly to the material presented. Simone Luft helped in the preparation and correction of the manuscript. Marek Sturc prepared the tables and graphics. We thank the Industrial Energy-Related Technology Systems Implementing Agreement (IETS); notably Thore Berntsson (Chalmers University of Technology, Chair of the IETS Executive Committee) for its valuable contributions to a number of chapters in this report. A number of consultants have contributed to this publication: Sérgio Valdir Bajay (State University of Campinas, Brazil); Yuan-sheng Cui (Institute of Technical Information for the Building Materials Industry, China); Gilberto De Martino Jannuzzi (International Energy Initiative, Brazil); Aimee McKane (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States); Yanjia Wang (Tsinghua University, China) and Ernst Worrell (Ecofys, Netherlands). We thank the IEA Member country government representatives, in particular the Committee on Energy Research and Technology, the End-Use Working Party and the Energy Efficiency Working Party and others that provided valuable comments and suggestions. In particular, we thank Isabel Cabrita (National Institute of Industrial Engineering and Technology, Portugal); Takehiko Matsuo (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan); Hamid Mohamed (National Resources Canada) and Yuichiro Yamaguchi (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan). Our appreciation to the participants in the joint CEFIC – IEA Workshop on Feedstock Substitutes, Energy Efficient Technology and CO2 Reduction for Petrochemical Products, 12-13 December 2006 who have provided information and comments, in particular Giuseppe Astarita (Federchimica); Peter Botschek (European Chemical Industry Council); Russell Heinen (SRI Consulting); Hisao Ida (Plastic Waste Management Institute, Japan); Rick Meidel (ExxonMobil); Nobuaki Mita (Japan Petrochemical Industry Association); Hi Chun Park (Inha University, Korea); Martin Patel (Utrecht University); Vianney Schyns (SABIC) and Dennis Stanley (ExxonMobil). 6 TRACKING INDUSTRIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CO2 EMISSIONS Also we would like to thank the members
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