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Special Covid-19 Newsletter.Pdf LINUS PAULING INSTITUTE OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH NEWSLETTER SPECIAL EDITION 2020 Nutrients for the immune system LOOK INSIDE ACCESS GRANTED Fighting COVID-19 with Big Data As US doctors fight COVID-19 throughout The N3C is spearheaded by Melissa IN THIS ISSUE the nation, an enormous amount of Haendel, PhD, principal investigator and useful data is being generated. Because Director of Translational Data Science Access of the emergent nature of this pandemic, at the Linus Pauling Institute. To propel Granted..................1 strategies to fight COVID-19 quickly evolve, this initiative, Dr. Haendel has brought From the Director....2 and valuable information from patient together more than 60 clinical centers records is scattered across the country. with the resources of the National Flattening the Institutes of Health. How can researchers find patterns and Curve.....................2 clues for treatment options in such a Supported in part by Oregon State Is IV Vitamin C widespread, disparate data stream? University and the Oregon Clinical and Effective Against Translational Research Institute at Oregon COVID-19?.............4 Enter the National COVID Cohort Health & Science University, the N3C will Collaborative, also known as the N3C. build, maintain, and regulate a new, Nutritional Strategies secure database housing electronic The N3C is a nationwide collaboration to Support the health records from COVID-19 patients. Immune System.......6 of clinicians, informaticians, and other biomedical researchers. The collaborative Putting the nation’s health data together is tasked with two goals: collect COVID-19- into one place is not as easy as it sounds. related health information into a centralized First of all, healthcare providers across data repository and create secure analytical the country use different record systems tools to process that data. with no standard data format. Continued on page 3 FROM THE DIRECTOR This special issue of the LPI Research Despite the limitations that the global Newsletter is focused on our ongoing pandemic has placed on our lives, efforts surrounding the COVID-19 LPI researchers are still hard at work on pandemic. This issue features Dr. our usual research projects. Melissa Haendel’s work to help establish a first-of-its-kind nationwide database My group recently reported the results of COVID-19 patient information (see of a clinical trial on hops supplements. front cover). Also see our overview of We show that women using hops to what we know about IV vitamin C use in control menopausal hot flashes may treating COVID-19 (page 4). not have to worry about harmful drug interactions. My research group is also joining Richard van Breemen, PhD the effort against the pandemic. In addition, Dr. Adrian “Fritz” Gombart Endowed Chair We are using our patented affinity recently published a highly cited review and Director, selection technology to discover addressing how supplements can Linus Pauling Institute natural compounds that can prevent maintain a well-functioning immune COVID-19. Our approach capitalizes on system (see page 6). the sensitivity, speed, and selectivity of For references, see the sidebar or mass spectrometry to identify specific the LPI website. More articles will be compounds in complex mixtures published soon. (like botanical supplements) that can interact with therapeutic targets, such Thank you for reading this special as viral proteins. edition of our newsletter. You will be hearing from us again very soon. References If our search is successful, we hope to van Breemen RB. Curr. Trends Mass be able to use plant-derived products Please stay safe and healthy, Spectrom. 18 (2020) in hand sanitizers, surface cleaning van Breemen et al. J. Agric. Food products, and even dietary supplements Chem. 68 (2020) doi: 10.1021/acs. to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 virus from jafc.0c01077 infecting human cells. Richard B. van Breemen FLATTENING THE CURVE Julie McMurry, MPH, is part of This has now taken the form of a There is more online than we can Dr. Melissa Haendel’s group at the website: FlattentheCurve.com summarize here, and the information LPI, has training in communicable is updated frequently. Explore the diseases. More than just a collection of website to learn about COVID-19 and scientifically accurate information, what you can do to help. Early in this pandemic, McMurry it is a centralized hub for proven knew it was important to act COVID-19 strategies with a simple Julie McMurry, MPH, is an Assistant quickly and gather verifiable, message: You can do something to Professor of Practice at OSU’s College accurate information on COVID-19. stop this pandemic. of Public Health and Human Sciences 2 Continued from front page “In the United States, there is no universal system for our healthcare data,” explains Haendel. “So you need to start by converting data into a common system. We have constructed a process for collecting electronic health records from many different institutions and storing them in the same format.” The N3C takes data from disparate systems and standardizes them to a common architecture. In a process Haendel refers to Throughout this process, all the For more information as “harmonizing the data,” inconsistencies protected health information of on the N3C or how you across health data structures are eliminated. COVID-19 patients remains safe. Only can request access the vital pieces of the data, such as the to data, go to: In effect, this harmonization translates the progression of the disease or the effect https://covid.cd2h.org data from large hospitals and a variety of of antivirals or other therapies, will be small clinics into the same language. Data available to participating institutions with consolidation opens up participation to no risk of revealing patient identities. a large variety of individual contributors, allowing all to join this nationwide initiative. Data for the N3C will be gathered from as much of America’s diverse populations as possible. This is more important than it might sound. Since the United States is “One of the most important comprised of people from many different aspects of the N3C is ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds, the N3C has the power to represent the that the data sources health of many people from minority and disadvantaged communities. and methods are all fully reproducible. This allows The more clinics and hospitals that participate, the more it will be a resource for everyone in our country. greater transparency, invites community review, and Several large hospitals are already uploading data to the N3C, but more increases the validity of the clinical partners are always needed. analyses the N3C facilitates.” “It’s just unfortunate that it took a —Melissa Haendel, PhD global pandemic to spur us into action,” Haendel continues, “This unique data system will be invaluable to researchers One advantage of this common framework and clinicians.” is to facilitate the use of computer-based tools, such as machine learning and artificial Ultimately, the N3C will be used to Clinicians who intelligence. These types of analytical tools predict patient responses to antiviral or are interested in can quickly sift through the data to answer anti-inflammatory therapies, identify contributing data or important questions. potential new treatments, and find other participating in this clinical tests that can inform decision singular effort should “Machine learning algorithms can do things making. send an email to: like reveal candidate drugs that reduce the [email protected] severity of COVID-19 symptoms or build Because of its strong foundation, the predictive analytics in assisting clinical care N3C’s value against COVID-19 will grow decisions,” Haendel explains. in the weeks and months to come. 3 IS INTRAVENOUS VITAMIN C EFFECTIVE AGAINST COVID-19? A Review of the Theories and the Evidence Every day, scientists Doctors on the front lines of the COVID-19 How might IV vitamin C work at the LPI answer your pandemic are using intravenous (IV) questions about the vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid) to in COVID-19? use of IV vitamin C in help people suffering from this disease. Because there are limited peer-reviewed the treatment of data of IV vitamin C use against viral COVID-19. As many LPI supporters know, IV vitamin C infections, we must rely on results from therapy is nothing new. Drs. Linus Pauling previous trials of other inflammatory We provide some and Ewan Cameron used it to treat cancer conditions like sepsis. in-depth information patients nearly fifty years ago. Today, IV about this potential vitamin C is used against cancer, sepsis, Blood vitamin C levels in the millimolar therapy here, but a infections, and other conditions. range may create superoxide and hydrogen summary is also on peroxide. In theory, these reactive oxygen our website at: Vitamin C plays an important role in the species can inactivate viruses and destroy bit.ly/IV-VitaminC immune system (see pages 6-7), but IV bacteria. While cells in our body have vitamin C can do things that oral vitamin C defenses against these reactive molecules, supplements cannot. these pathogens do not. To help you navigate this topic, we are Alternatively, IV vitamin C could dampen providing an evidence-based primer on IV the harmful effects of an overactive immune vitamin C and how it might work against system. A wave of inflammation and harmful serious infectious diseases like COVID-19. oxidative reactions precedes the respiratory complications seen in severe COVID-19 Why use IV vitamin C? patients. Early intervention is very important. Researchers and clinicians have Excess inflammation could lead to lower experimented with IV vitamin C against vitamin C concentrations in the blood. various forms of infectious disease and COVID-19 patients can also have low levels cancer for nearly a century. However, of interferon, an antiviral cytokine. Could clinical data using this approach have IV vitamin C boost interferon production and shown mixed results.
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