1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2673 The problem posed for the future by these nors of the Federal Reserve System. I provisions presents important political and might say that the Committee on Bank- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legal considerations, which must be care . ing and Currency voted this morning fully examined before any position can be TUESDAY, MARCH 20, -1951 publicly stated. We are, of course, continu to send this nomination to the Senate, ally studying all aspects of this problem. and I trust the nomination will be taken The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Sincerely yours, up as soon as possible. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Bras JACK K. McFALL, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The k::.!:tp, D. D., offered the following prayer: Assistant Secretary nomination will be received and placed (For the Secretary of State.) on the Executive Calendar. Eternal God, our Father, grant that The PRESIDING OFFICER u to know how outrageous incorporate into the text of your bill a ref suggested to you that consideration be given we think the whole situation is and how erence to the etfect that "the United States to changing the wording of the present leg anxious we are to have this directive with Displaced Persons Commission is hereby au islation to <:<>nform to that of s. 716. On drawn or amended. I have contacted Mon thorized and directed to provide by regula page 54 of S. 716 membership In totalitarian signor Swanstrom of the National Catholic tions that," etc. - organizations is defined as voluntary mem Welfare Conference who has agreed to join Trusting that I will hear favorably from berst ·p. Those persons whose past mem hands with us in this matter. I also pre you '..n the very near future on this matter. bership or past affiliation wa:s involuntary sented a resolution before the general board and wishing you and your colleagues com or occurred and terminated prior to the age of the newly formed National Council of the plete success in the Eighty-second Congress. of 14 are specifically excepted in S. 716. Churches of Christ in the United States of lam The position of the Lutheran Resettle America, ·which represents nearly all of Prot Sincerely yours, ment Service in making the above request estantism in this country, and secured fa• is consistent with the principle it has em Rt. Rev. Msgr. EDWARD E. SWANSTROM, vorable action for this group also to be rep Executive Director. phasized in all its discussions with Govern resented and to join us in the conference; ment services and commissions on the reset so this is not a sentimental ranting of a tlement program; viz, that each individual single individual. The principle involved NEW YORK, N. Y., February 20, 1951: should be judged on the basis of his own here affects, I bel1eve, the pro~als which Hon. FRANCIS E. WALTER, worth, and not categorically denied con you, yourself, imply in the report of inves House of Representatives, sideration for immigration because of nomi tigation of a year and a half agt' regarding Washington, D. C.: nal affiliation with a totalitarian govern the necessity and desirabllity of assisting Unless language in S. 728 and H. R. 2839 ment. Therefore, in the interest of justice ethnic Germans to immigrate to other coun is changed to conform to language on page and equality of treatment to all distressed tries, including the United States. 54 of s. 716, Lutheran resettlement program peoples and in the Interest of a united stand I do hope with all my heart that you will under Displaced Persons Act will be seriously of this Government with all peoples resist regard this matter as of sufficient importance impaired because many displaced persons ing communism, we urge that the language to assist Mr. Markel in securing the appoint and re+-ugees from Baltic States, the Ukraine. of the two resolutions this week under con ment with Attorney General McGrath and and other eastern European countries who sideration In both Houses of Congress be to join us in the conference whenever it is fled communism would be barred by present revised to conform to that in S. 716. being held. language relating to communism, as is in Sincerely yours, Most cordially yours, terpreted in House Committee Report 118. CORDELIA Cox, PAUL C, EMPIE, Urgent request suggested revision be made. Resettlement Executive. Executive Director. CORDELIA Cox, (Copies to Mr. A. C. ~ackey, Mr. H. J, National Lutheran Council. L'Heureux, Mr. Edward M. O'Connor.) WAR RELIEF SERVICES-NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE, NATIONAL LUTHERAN CoUNcn., NEW YORK, N. Y., March 19, 1951. New Y01·k, N. Y., February 8, 1951. NEW YORK, N. Y., February 21, 1951. Hon. FRANCIS E. WALTER, The Honorable FRANCIS E. wALTER, Hon. FRANCIS E. WALTER, Chairman, House Subcommittee on The House of Representatives, House of Representatives, Immigration, House of Representa Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. tives, Washington, D. C.: DEAR CONGRESSMAN wALTER: Those of us DEAR MR. WALTER: On February 20, 1951, Out of concern for displaced persons perse engaged in locating sponsorship for displaced you received a telegram from the National cuted by Nazis and Communist, I urge final persons and refugees take great comfort in Lutheran Council calling to your attention approval of S. 728 as amended and passed by the fact that you and other members of the the difficulties which will arise in the opera the Senate. House Judiciary Committee are now putting tion of the resettlement program under the ALBERT J. PENNER, forward a bill which will amend the Code Displaced Persons Act as amended should Minister, Broadway Tabernacle Church. of Federal Regulations related to the Sub':' the language of S. 728 and H. R. 2339 not versive Activities Control Act of 1950. be modified. The fact that Senator McCARRAN, to whom Under the present wording of the resolu NEW YORK, N. Y., March 20, 1951. I have directed a similar letter, and the mem tions displaced persons and refugees who Representative FRANCIS E. WALTER, bers of the Senate Judiciary Committee, are have had any relationship to a Communist House Office Building: also putting forward a comparable, if not regime would be automatically excluded Urge approval S. 728 as amended and identical, bill related to the same issue, from consideration for immigration to the passed in Senate. would appear to augur well for the expedi- Unitec'l. StateS-; Rev. JOSEPH HOWELL. 2676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH ·20 NEW YORK, N. Y., March 19, 1951. attitude of the United States ·Government section 13 of the Displaced . Persons Act, as The Honorable FRANCIS E. w ALTER, has varied in the matter of their admission. amended." Commi ttee on the Judiciary, For the first 6 months or so of the actual In the future, therefore, applicants for House of Representatives: operation of Public Law 774 the Latvian admission into the United States under the As special legal adviser of Church World legionnaires were not admitted. Displaced Persons Act, as amended, w:io have Service, strongly urge . amendment of your Then, in June, July, and the first part of been members of the Baltic Waffen SS will bill 2339 to pick up Senate amendment of its August, 1949, they were being admitted. be considered on their individual merits. l companion McCarran bill. This will elim Then they were banned again. If you have further questions on this mat inate grave injustice to escaped persecutees The automatic ban imposed against all ter, we shall be pleased to hear. from you. of Moscow who were forced into a nominal Latvian legionnaires in August 1949 lasted With kind regards, I am, membership situation. until September 1, 1950, when the Displaced Sincerely yours, HOWARD B. VAIL. Persons Commission adopted the following EDWARD M. O'CONNOR, policy: Acting Chairman. "The Baltic Waffen SS units (Baltic NATIONAL COUNCIL OF legions) are to be considered as separate and PRIVATE CALENDAR THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST distinct in purpose, ideology, activities, and IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, The SPEAKER. This is Private Cal NEW YORK, N. Y., March 15, 1951. qualifications for membership from the endar day. The Clerk will call the first German SS, and therefore the Commission The Honorable FRANCIS E. WALTER, holds them not to be a movement hostile individual bill on the Private Calendar. · House of Representatives, JACK A. WITHAM -WashiJtgton, D. C. :to the Government of the United States un MY DEAR MR. WALTER: I am sorry I had to der section 13 of the Displaced Persons Act as amended. The Clerk called the-bill (H. R. 1253) leave Washington yesterday before I could "In the future, therefore, applicants for for the relief of Jack A. Witham. have an opportunity to see you and to thank admission into the United States under the There being no objection, the Clerk you for your courtesy to me in connection read the bill, as fallows: with the hearing on the omnibus immigra Displaced Persons Act, as amended, who have been members of the Baltic Waffen SS will tion bill. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of Also, I wanted to thank you for your real be considered on their individual merits." the Treasury be, and he is hereby, author statesmanship in connection with the action This pqlicy had just begun to be applied ized and directed to pay, out of any money in in the processing of Latvian displaced per in the Senate on S. 728. It was particularly :the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the fine and generous of Senator McCARRAN to sons, when in December 1950, the Latvian sum of $1,103.70 to Jack A. Witham (Marine accept Senator FERGUSON'S proposal. I hope legionnaires were banned again. Corps serial No. 323988), of Cincinnati, A grave injustice-and untold hardships Ohio, in full settlement of all claims against that the action by the Senate is wholly satis have been caused the Latvian legionnaires factory to you and I as~ume _from our earlier the United States for Marine Corps pay and conversations that this is so. We are en and their families by the confusing changes allowances from February 2, 1946, through tirely content to allow the parentheses in o:: administrative policy. February 2, 1948: Provided, That no part of section 2 to stand, because we do not hon Latvian Relief, Inc., has unceasingly re the amount appropriated in this act in ex estly believe that any of our people. would quested the admission of the Latvian legion cess of 10 percent thereof shall be paid be deported on this basis and should there naires, as a matter of elementary fairness, or delivered to or received by any agent or be any Communist infiltree of whom we do and on the merits of the case. ~ttorney on account of services rendered in not know, we will cooperate instantly in ac · There is little time left before the expira connection with this claim, and the same complishing their deportation. tion of Public Law 774. Only an immediate shall be unlawful, any contract to the con One very ·important point you made in and unmistakable clarification of the eligi trary notwithstanding. Any persqn violating your statement as recorded in the CONGRES bility of the Latvian legionnaires can in the provisions of this act shall be deemed SIONAL RECORD of February 19, is the one ·some measure help them to gain admission guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction .which refers to the importance of making to the United States. There are many cases theerof shall be fined in any sum not exceed these new provisions applicable straight of divided families, and many cases that ing $1,000. across the board, including the administra have been pending since 1948 and 1949. tion of section 13 of the Displaced Persons Therefore, I respectfully wish to request The bill was ordered to be engrossed Act. I hope that you will press this pqint in that the policy of the Displacec;l Persons '• and read a third time, was read the third .the joint conference on H. R. 2339 and S. 728, · Commission adopted on September 1, quoted time, and passed, and a motion to recon so that the Commission will be influenced above, with respect to the eligibility of sider was laid on the table. in their administration of section 13. the Latvian legionnaires and set forth in EDULJI DIN SHAW AND SISTER Again thanking you for all of your hospi the letter of Mr. Edward M. O'Connor, Act talities to me, I am, ing Chairman of the Displaced Persons Com The Clerk called the bill (S. 58) for the Cordially yours, mission, of September 8, 1950, be incorpo relief of Edulji Dinshaw and his sister ROLAND ELLIOTT, rated in the legislative materials p_ertaining Mrs. Bachoo Dinsha Woronzow. ' D irector, Resettlement Program. to S. 728 and H. R. 2339. There being no objection, the Clerk Attached, I beg to submit a photostat of read the bill, as follows: LATVIAN RELIEF, INC., the above letter of Mr. Edward M. O'Connor. I wish to take this opportunity to express . Be it enacted, etc., That, for the purposes · New York, N. Y., March 17, 1951. of the immigration and naturalization laws, The Honorable FRANCIS E. WALTER, on behalf of Latvian Relief, Inc., to you, sir, our sincere appreciation for the benevo Edulji Dinshaw and his sister, Mrs. Bachoo The House of Representatives, Dinsha Woronzow, shall be held and con Washingt on, D. C. lent and humanitarian attitude that you. have effectively displayed in so many of the sidered to have been lawfully admitted to the SrR: I should like to offer my appreciation United States for permanent residence as of for the legislation now being considered displaced persons' problems. Sincerely yours, the date of the enactment of this act, upon under S. 728 and H. R. 2339. payment of the required visa fees and head The bill as passed by the Senate is most HARRY W. LmLNORS, President, Latvian Relief, Inc. taxes. Upon the granting of permanent resi necessary to avoid unfairness or injustice in dence to such aliens as provided for in this the operation of the Displaced Persons Act ac_t, the Secretary of State shall instruct the (P~blic Law 774). DISPLACED PERSONS COMMISSION, proper quota-control officer to deduct two One of the groups of displaced persons Washington, D. C., September 3, 1950. numbers from the appropriate quotas for th.e that is now excluded from the United Stat es Mr. HARRY W. LIELNORS, first year that such quotas are available. is the group of the so-called Latvian legion President, Latvian Relief, Inc., naires. During the Nazi occupation of Lat New York, N. Y. The bill was ordered to be read a third via these Latvians were, in 1943 and 1944, DEAR MR. LIELNORS: In view of the pre time, was read the third time and passed forcibly mobilized under threat of military vious interest you have shown in the matter and a motion to reconsider was laid or{ law and impressed into German military of the Baltic Waffen SS Units (Baltic le the table. · service in strictly combat units, under vari gions), we would like to take this opportu ous Nazi German designations. nity to acquaint you with the decision taken MARIE LOUISE ARDANS The units of the so-called Latvian legion by the Commission in this matter. The were combat units exclusively, and they were Commission on September 1, 1950, adopted The Clerk called the bill United States Army vehicle, about 12 miles the request of the gentlen1an from Russia. south of Big Piney, Suble:tte County, Wyo., . Pennsylvania? Thus far they have been appealing in vain on July 30, 1933: Provided, That no part of There was no object:on. to heaven imploring for justice. No one the amount appropriated in this act in excess Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, I include has responded to them. It is you, gentlemen of 1.0 percent thereof shall be paid or deliv the following letter: of the jury, you will give them your answer. ered to or received by any agent or attorney And the eloquent words which Aubert on account of sPrvices rendered in connection NEw YORK. N. Y., March 14, 1951. has spoken in defense of Polounin and with this claim, and the same shall· be un Hon. FRANCIS' EUGENE WALTER, Konradi are .equally applicable to Boris lawful, any contract to the contrary not House of Representatives, Koverda. The fact that he was convicted withstanding. Any person violating the· pro Washington, D. c. to a 10-year prison term is no credit to visions of this act shall be deemed guilty of Dear Mr. WALTER: Pray accept my most Polish justice. This sentence does not de a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof sincere and heartf'elt thanks for · the noble preciate the moral value of his heroic deed. shall be fined in any sum not exceeding initiative you took in irtroducing a bill Yea, many a conviction has been quashed $1,000. granting Boris Koverda the permission to by the impartial judgment of history, and enter and settle in the United States. He on the guillotine much blood has been The bill was ordered to be engrossed did deliberately kill in Warsaw a top Com spilled before which today humanity bows and read a third time, was read the third munist official. He never denied this fact, with reverence. time, and passed, and a motion to recon and we, loyal Americans of Russian extrac Let me thank you once more on my own sider was laid on the table. tion, feel that his deed was an act of justice. br half and on behalf of thousands of Charlotte Corday assassinated Marat, and American citizens of Russian Slavic extrac MRS. BLANCHE RICHARDS she went down in history not as a murderess tion who feel exactly as I do, and let me The Clerk called the bill e amount of s·1ch shortage ing the provisions of this act shall be deemed the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the though not personally at fault. The Comp guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction sum of $1,000 to Mrs. Catherine V. Mycue, of troller General of the United States is au thereof shali be fined in any sum not exceed Winthrop, Mass., in full settlement of all thorized and directed to credit the account ing $1,000. claims against the United States for damages of the said First Lt. Walter S. Moe, Jr., in sustained as a result of firing of heavy Army · the sum of $1,799.29, and no finan~e officer The bill was ordered to be engrossed coastal artillery at Fort Heath, Mass., during of the United States shall be accountable for and read a third time, was read the third the year 1942. such sum. time, and passed, and a motion to recon With the following committee amend The bill was ordered to be engrossed sider was laid on the table. ments: and read a third time, was reaj the third DEWEY PICKETT Line 5, strike out "$1,000" and insert time, and passed, and a motion to recon The Clerk called the bill With the following committee amend· · ·There being no ob~ection, the Clerk time, and pas:::ed, and a motion to recon ment: read the bill, as fallows: sider was laid on the table. Page l, line 6, strike out "$1,699.28" and Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of SISTEF, ANNA ETTL insert "$1,130.50." the Treasury is authorized and directed to pay, out of any money in the Treasury not The Clerk called the bill nent residence to such aliens as provided Gee. for in this act, the Secretary of State shall f pr the relief of Kimiko Shibuya. instruct the proper quota officer to deduct With the following committee amend Ther.e being no objection, the Clerk three numbers from the appropriate quota ment: read the bill, as follows: for the first year that such quota is avail .strike out all after the enacting clause and Be it enacted, etc., That the provisions of able." insert "That, in the administration of the the immigration laws relating to the exclu The committee amendment was immigration and naturalization laws, the sion of aliens inadmissible because of race provisions of sections 4 (g) and 9 of the shall not hereafter apply to Kimiko Shibuya, agreed.to. Immigration Act of 1924, as amended, shall ) the Japanese fiancee of Wilburn L. Rash, a The bill was ordered to be engrossed be held to be applicable to the alien John citizen of the United States and an hon and read a third time, was read the third Yan Chi Gee, the minor, unmarried child orably discharged veteran of World War II, time, and passed, and a motion to re of James Kwong Gee, a citizen of the United and that the said Kimiko Sh1buya shall b.e consider was laid on the table. States." eligible for a visa as a nonimmigrant tempo rary visitor for a period of 3 months: Pro BELA ABELES AND MARIA ABELES The committee amendment was agreed vided, That the administrative authorities The Clerk called the bill (H. R. 783) to. find that the said Kimiko Shibuya is coming for the relief of Bela Abeles and Maria The bill was ordered to be engrossed to the United States with a bona fide inten Abeles. and read a third time, was read the third tion of being married to the said Wilburn L. There being no objection, the Clerk time, and passed, and a motion to recon Rash, and that she is found otherwise ad sider was laid on the table. missible under the immigration laws. In read the bill, as follows: the event the marriage between the above Be it enacted, etc., That the Attorney Gen MALKA DWOJRA KRON named parties does not occur within 3 eral be, and he is hereby, directed t o cancel The Clerk called the bill . for the relief of Joseph Bernstein. Strike out all after the enacting clause The bill was ordered to be engrossed There being no objection, the Clerk and· insert in lieu thereof the following: and read a third time, was rea( th.. !'third read the bill, as follows: "That, for the purposes of sections 4 (a) and 9 of the Immigration Act of 1924, as amended, time, and passed, and a motion to recon Be it enacted, etc., That in the adminis the minor child, Lucia Adamo.·, shall be held sider was laid on the table. tration of the immigration and naturaliza and considered to be the natural-born alien tion laws, Joseph Bernstein, presently resid PAOLO DANESI child of Mr . .and Mrs. Apolonio Adamos, ing in New York, Nf;W York, shall be held and citizens of the United States." The Clerk callad the bill CH. R. 1163) considered to have been lawfully admitted for the relief of Paolo Danesi. into the United States for permanent resi The committee amendment was There being no objection, the Clerk dence as of the date of his last entry into agreed to. . the United States, upon payment by him The bill was ordered to be engrossed read the bill, as follows: of the requirec head tax and Visa fee. and read a third time, was read the third Be it enacted, etc., That, for tJ- e purposes · SEc. 2. Upon enactment of this act, the of the immigration and naturalization laws, Secretary of State is authorized and directed time, and passed, and a motion to recon Paolo Danesi shall be held and considered to to instruct the proper quota-control officer sider was laid on the table. have been lawfully admitted to the United to deduct 0ne number from the nonprefer CONCETTA SANTAGATI GIORDANO States for permanent residence as of the ence category of the first available immigra date of his last entry into the United States tion quota for nationals of Rumania. The Clerk called the bill Soviet Union is employ have hen provided for thirteen vital port gentleman cannot say that the Postmas ing to raise revenues to develop and areas, or an average of approximately ter General has a right, must ·because a maintain its vast military establishment. 330 men per port. Even admitting that man puts an airmail stamp on it dis His memorandum leads off with the New York, because of its size. and im patch it by air line That is not true, as statement that roughly 60 percent of the portance, gets more than an average I understand this language. U. S. S. R.'s budget receipts in the post share, there will still be less than 1,000 , Mr. GARY. Oh, yes. Certainly war period have been financed by a turn men to protect the largest and one of the where the air service has been paid for over or sales tax. No wonder there has most vital port areas of the country from the Postmaster General would be under to be an iron curtain. damage, destruction by sabotage, or obligation to transmit that mail by air With my colleagues on the subcom subversive attack. if possible. Insofar as the feeder lines mittee, I cannot help but wish it had The war plans of the Coast Guard are are concerned the Postmaster General been possible to consider other appro part of the Navy plans. The missions of has the absolute right to make changes priation bills before that dealing with the Coast Guard in event of war are in those lines at the present time if he Treasury and Post Office operations. assigned by the Navy and, while I cannot so desires. The purpose of those lines These are service agencies, one of which list those missions for secrecy reasons, I is to speed up the service and to assist is continually running in the red, and can state that they are missions only the in the transportation of the mail. It is the history of the House Appropriations Coast Guard is to perform. They do not not the purpose of the committee to Committee will Ehow that it has not been duplicate the missions of dther services. change that situation at all. possible down through the year.s to effect I can say too that these missions require Mr. HINSHAW. Does the Postmaster extraordinary cuts. Of the $586,100,000 an immediate expansion of the Coast General have the right to change the allowed for the Treasury, a total of Guard on M-Day, and within ·2 or 3 feeder-line service at the present time . $491,402,000 is made up in needs of the months after that time the Coast Guard without this language? United States Coast Guard, the Bureau must more than double its strength, and Mr. GARY. He is changing it. He is of Internal Revenue, Bureau of Customs, ·that doubling must be in trained men. authorized to carry the mail by any Secret Service, and the Bureau of Nar ·Where will they come from? I do not route he wants to, except where there cotics. It fthould be clear that none of know and I fear the Coast Guard does these agencies can stand any substan is a specific direction to use a certain not know. 1 route, and in this case I know of no tial cuts. Let me discuss some of the The service has tried desperately to direction of that kind. circumstances involved. reactivate, revitalize and train a reserve Mr. HINSHAW. If an air-mail cer The United States Coast Guard, al force that was born just before World tificate is granted to an air line, whether though part of the Treasury Department, War II, sprang into full existence· dur_. it be a feeder line or a trunk line or . is a vital cqmponent' of the national de ing that war and then practically dis what-not? . fense. In time of war it is automatically solved after VJ-day for lack ·of' funds. Mr. GARY. He would have to use transferred from the Treasury to the Last year I led a fight on the floor of that line. Navy. Two years ago, in passing a codi this House for a small appropriation Mr. HINSHAW. No; not under the fication . of laws for the Coast Guard, for reserve training. I am happy that terms of this rider, as I understand it. this body reaffirmed the Guard's military ·the amount was allowed, even though Mr. GARY. The Postmaster General . status in these words: ·it was only enough to provide a start would have to use that line if there was The Coast Guard • • · • shall be a in a rounded program. Unfortunately, · a certificate granted for mail for that military service and a branch of the Armed there will be no volunteers after M-day particular service. That is right. He . Forces at all times (14 U.S. C. 1), to which the Coast Gua:i.'d can turn. Se would have to use it unless under this During the last two years this country lective Service will freeze everything and law he determined that there was an has been involved in an international sit the 01fice of Selective Service has indi equally satisfactory and less costly serv - uation which, although not a state of cated that after M-day 2 or 3 months ice, and it is my contention that in that ·declared wat, is su1ficiently serious that will be required before any men will be~ XCVII-169 2688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 available to any armed service. It takes The present reduction of $3,500,000 in disposed of in our courts. The Bureau 2 to 3 months to train an apprentice the Bureau's estimates, which has been believes that as a result of its cases, it seaman, anywhere from 2 months to a recommended by the Appropriations has the highest number of persons serv year to train a rated man, depending Committee, is, roughly, the equivalent of ing time in penitentiaries per officer upon the specialty, after the basic 3 about 900 man-years. employed of any Federal investigative months' period. In other word:. from Recent disclosures of the Kefauver agency. 3 to 15 months after M-day, under pres committee has indicated the need for Despite this great energy and produc ent conditions, the Coast Guard will activity from a tax-enforcement stand tion, we are still losing ground in the begin to have available ti.1e men it should point in connection with the criminal fight against the narcotic traffic. The have on M-day plus· 1 week, M-day plus element of our population. At the pres ratio of addiction is still on the rise. 1 month and M-day plus 2 months. ent time the Bureau has approximately Each new addfot is a particular tragedy. May I direct your attention to page 400 investigators, which has been de He presents a difficult case to cure. He 173 of the hearings, an interrogation of scribed in the press as a special rack becomes a source of infection from Admiral Richmond by our distinguished eteer-gangster unit. I am reliably in which other addicts are made. A chairman: formed today that the Treasury plans younger class than formerly is becom Mr. GARY. As I understand, in this pro to step up this number to at least 700 ing addicted. Many hoodlums in their gram you are not asking for any personnel and the effort in this field will be inten late teens and early twenties are resort over and above the number that has already sified as it has never been before. ing to drugs. The people in this coun been approved for 1951? With taxes at the currently high level try have become alarmed. They are be Admiral RICHMOND. That is correct. and the likelihood of further increases, sieging the Bureau of Narcotics with We have pledged ourselves to the de the importance and difficulty of tax col requests for action in specific matters. fense of these United States. The Coast lection are bound to increase. Any The Bureau, with its limited facilities, Guard appropriation:; in this bill will diminution of effort in this field by re finds it physically impossible to respond promote this undertaking. ducing the number of tax-enforcement to many of these requests. . The Congress has enacted tax laws agents will be an official stimulant to Elaborate and extensive schemes seek which under present conditions require the criminal element of our population, ing to correct this situation are being the filing of approximately 90,000,000 tax as well as those not disposed to pay taxes, advocated. returns of all classes covering 79 sepa to continue to evade their responsibili · There is another serious aspect to the rate sources of revenue. The gross rev ties. If Congress is to continue to in present increase in drug addiction in enue yield during 1950 was $38,900,000,- crease the scope of taxes and to make that many of the new addicts are in the 000. For 1951 the yield is expected to be them more effective by attempting to age range where they should be subject $47 ,800 ,000,000. close loopholes, the administrative arm of to the miljtary draft. At the present The collection of this sum involves a the Government of carrying out the en time, this puts an additional burden on wide variety of administrative tasks em acted laws will have to be strengthened. the Bureau of Narcotics, which must bracing interpretation and ruling serv There was a period of more than 20 work in connection with the military ices investigation and audit, collection years in which the Bureau of Narcotics people to keep narcotic peddling away of delinquent accounts, consideration of sought no increase in its appropriation. from military concentrations. Also, it taxpayer appeals, regulatory and inspec This was because the narcotic-enforce must assist the draft and military au tion work in the alcohol tax field, cler ment situation in this country seemed to thorities in coping with those cases ical processing of returns and account be well in hand. Year by year the rate where drug addiction is falsely advanced ing for funds, and executive control. of narcotic addiction in the country was as a reason for escaping military service. The inherently complex nature of tax being gradually reduced. Year by year The Bureau of Narcotics feels that the administration requires manpower to the amount of narcotics available in the best single action which can be taken perform any reasonably satisfactory ad narcotic traffic was slowly being choked against the narcoti~ traffic and the best ministrative job. ·The total cost of tax off. As costs of operation of the Bureau single step to reduce drug addiction in administration during 1950 was 59 cents soared, these were absorbed and the force this country is additional investigative for each $100 of tax collections. gradually reduced from a prewar average activity against the narcotic traffickers Recently enacted legislation in connec of approximately 250 men. The average coupled with vigorous prosecution and tion with the social-security amend number of field agents was finally substantial penitentiary sentences. The ments of 1950 has substantially increased brought down as low ·as 175 in the last Bureau's requests are modest. Certainly the workload of the Revenue Service, as fiscal year. Increases allowed by the if an additional 30 agents, or for that well as many provisions of the Revenue Congress have permitted a very modest matter if twice that number were re Act of 1950. No request as yet has been rise this year to an average of 190 men. quired to check the increase in narcotic . made for a 1952 supplemental to take Here is a bureau which played fair addiction in this country, they should care of the excess-profits tax amend with the Congress and the taxpayer. be made available. ments. There was no inclination to maintain I was glad to note a sentence recently During 1950 a total of 4,326,886 returns an organization for organization's sake. imposed on a peddler of narcotics by were examined out of the total of close The size of the force was closely adapted Passaic County Judge Alexander M. to 90,000,000 filed. The added tax ob to the problem at hand. MacLeod of my home city of Paterson, tained through these examinations ag About 2 years ago the Bureau noted N. J. As he sentenced the offender to gregated $1,747,592,000. In recent tes a sharp and alarming increase in the the limit of the law in our State-7 years timony given by the Commissioner of number of new addicts that were ap behind the bars-Judge MacLeoC. said: Internal Revenue before the Ways and pearing. Also, there was. a significant A fellow who will go out and sell narcotics, Means Committee, he stated that an increase in the amount of heroin, the in the opinion of the court, is worse than a additional amount of $1,000,000,000 to most dangerous drug of addiction, which rr_urderer, because one who sells or distrib $1,500,000,000 would have been obtained was becoming av~ilable in the illicit utes narcotics :ttlls the soul of a person. The if every taxpayer had made a complete narcotic traffic. 'l'he Bureau is not able narcotic vendor brings slow death and dis return of his lif'..bility. with its present force to stop this dan grace, for the addict loses pride, honor, and The Bureau has been undergoing for integrity; his usefulness is gone and his gerous trend. Heculean efforts have veracity is destroyed. The illegal dispenser the past few years, as a result of inves been made. Month after month nar of narcotics is a major . criminal. He is a tigations of the Appropriations Commit cotic agents, who are paid for only 40 triple thre-at to the health, safety, and morals tee and others, a rather complete over hours, have been working an average of of the community. For people who prey upon haul of its operations, and many far 55 hours per week, contributing almost the weakness of a man, where they sell nar reaching improvements in procedures 2 days a week for which they receive no cotics to addicts, I t hink there is no ade have been inaugurated. compensation except the knowledge of quate punishment. It is one of the most corrupt rackets in the United States today. Any reduction in appropriations simply a job well done. Their efforts have re From it comes mind-, body-, and soul-de means a direct reduction in the examin sulted in the production of an impres stroying habits that rob the victim of reason. ing capacity of the Bureau. Any reduc sive number of cases per agent. For its There is no habit that can more encourage tion in the examining capacity directly size, the Bureau puts on the dockets a criminality in its worst form. All this can be results in more incorrect returns being tremendously high ratio of the crim- laid to the viper who puts narcotics into the placed in the files without audit. .__ inal cases which are currently being hands of victims for the gain of money. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2689 Regarding the Post Office Department, cards for services not rendered. The popular support for its plea if the service I invite careful scrutiny of the subcom Postmaster General admitted that fraud provided now were a little less erratrc. The cut in mail deliveries to one a day in mittee's criticism in its report on this could not have happened without a residential areas hasn't ended the deficits. bill. Let me quote briefly therefrom : weakness in supervision. What it has done is to put home postal serv The comwittee still believes, in spite of While I know of no reflections against ice in this coutltry on a par with the deliv the testimony on mecha:1i:::: ation presented the Inspector Service, I cannot help but eries in the more backward countries. at this year's hearings, that the Post Office wonder if the present system, under But the decline in mail service hasn't end Department is still dragging its feet when it which inspectors are permitted to live ed there. One business concern in this city comes to the installation of modern me and work in one community without ro has reported that postcards it dropped in the chanical equipment in "its large city post box on February 1 reached their destina offices throughout the country. The com tation, is in the best interests of the tions-also in the city-as late as February mittee's interest in improving and expedit service. In a sense they become part of 28. Is this one-a-day service, or once-a ing the handling of mail in large post offices the local post office family and lfndoubt month? is well known to thll Department, but it is edly it is sometimes difficult to·file com Complaints against this sort of thing are taking too little heed of what t~e committee plaints which may be damaging to that manifestly warranted. They cannot be has said on this subject in previous reports. family. The Department admits it is brushed off with explanations that postcards· Again the committee wishes to restate, most giving consideration to rotation, but is ought to carry 2-cent instead of 1-cent emphatically this time, that the Post Office inclined to defend the present order. stamps. Nor can they be answered with an Department must take immediate steps to other plea for bigger appropriations. survey its needs of mechanical equipment When he was first questioned by Mem and proceed wi.thout furtber delay with a bers of Congress after his curtailment Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair plan v1hich would embrace the complete in order last year, the Postmaster General man, will the gentleman yield? stallation of suitable mechanical equipment said he had a fair idea how much would Mr. CANFIELD. I yield. in those post omces which have a sufficient be saved and his idea then, in his own Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. I was very volume of mail to justify it. words, was, "I would say something much interested in the gentleman's com The report then describes a visit sev around $20,000,000 may be saved by this ments relative to the proposed savings by eral members of the committee made to procedure." Since that time he has re the Postmaster General because of his the post office at Dallas, Tex., where was vised this figure upward until it is now reduction order. If there were any discovered a complete and simple seventy-five or eighty million dollars. thing to this particular saving why is it method of sorting incoming mail ap Yet the Department admits it has not not reflected in the appropriation re parently not -..ised elsewhere. The com been able to estimate the actual sav quest now before us? Instead of reflect mittee said: ings and no records have been main ing a saving they are asking for $16,922.- The establishment of such a system in tained from which actual figures might 000 more for that purpose for the fiscal other offices throughout the country will be furnished. This. is admitted in a let year 1952 than they had in 1951. How enable the maximum use to be made of new ter dated February 15, 1951, addressed can you reconcile that? employees at a much earlier period than to Senator IRVING M. IVES, of New York, Mr. CANFIELD. · The answer of the would otherwise be possible. by Assistant Postmaster General Joseph Postmaster General is just this: There In another section of the report there J. Lawler. It is my contention that the has been an increase in the volume of is this further criticism: postal service in the United States could mail and any savings had to be used up be normalized, that is, a return made for necessary postal service. The committee regrets very much the ex to the regular two-delivery system in treme reluctance of the Post Office officials I have here an editorial from the Salt to encourage postal · employees to partici residential areas and the use of the di Lake Tribune of February 27, 1951, en pate in the suggestion system which is being rectory service, without the add~tion of titled "Delayed Mail Service Annoys used to advantage· by all Government de one extra dollar. Newspaperman": partments and large industrial anct com It is -also my belief that the Post Office DELAYED MAIL SERVICE ANNOYS NEWSPAPERMAN mercial firms. Department needs outside help. A com A newspapering friend of this paper who And: petent management-engineering-effi has lived in many parts of the world in ciency concern could show it how to pursuit of his trade has recently moved from The committee is very disappointed that modernize and cut costs. As the com Chicago to New York City, and now is keep the Department has, up to this time, failed ing tabs on the mail service between the to make any award to Mr. John Sestak, an mittee report emphasizes, the Depart ment drags its feet in any orientation of former town and the New York borough in employee of the Chicago post office, who which he lives. designed and constructed a mail distribu this kind. In this connection, let me He says that ordinary mail from Chicago · ting machine which has been in use over a call your attention to a statement by our to Queens takes 4· days-about the same time long_period of time. distinguished chairman, Mr. GARY. He as air mail from Chicago to Rome. . The excuse given in this case, inci was addressing the Postmaster General His conclusion is that the United States dentally, was that it would be difficult and he said this: now has about the same letter service as a for the Department to estimate the sav I believe there is a tremendous field in second-rate Latin-American country. It's the Post Office Department for some savings better in Brazil, and in many European ings. This is not convincing to the com countries whose governments we subsidize. mittee and it is felt that the failure to do by the adoption of more modern methods. In my opinion outside mechanical engineers Particularly it is far better in England. anything in this instance certainly does could give you considerable assistance in If the time ever come::; when our Govern ment finds a decreased need for raising living not encourage other employees in the working out these problems. postal service to submit ideas for im standards all over the world, he thinks, per provements in postal operations. On this I was amazed when the Postmaster h aps some of the savings could be devoted General told the committee that his fan to improving the cross-country mail service subject the report has. this to say: in the United States. It simply is not a healthy condition, con mail on that curtailment order ran 100 tributes little to the morale of the employees, to 1 in favor of his action and I have He says it is better in England. The and fails utterly to stimulate their interest, heard recent statements, by those sup Postmaster General himself testified to industry, and imagination to say nothing of porting him that the people of our coun that. · the failure of the Post Office Department to try are not really complaining, that busi Here is the Daily Advance published take advantage of the reduced cost of op-· n.ess is not impeded, and that there is erations which. would naturally and inevi every afternoon except Sunday by Carter tably follow. general satisfaction with military mail. Glass & Sons, Lynchburg, Va.: I want to read some editorials and other I read from a letter to the editor: The report made no reference to the comments bearing on this. There are several things in connection with extraordinary postal payroll fraud per Here is an editorial appearing in the the United States postal service that puzzle petrated in one of our large eastern Philadelphia Inquirer of Saturday, me. . I'd like to ask a few questions and cities. It has been discovered that more March 3, 1951, entitled "Once-a-Month see if anybody can provide the answers. than 200 employeet were involved to the Mail Service": First. Why does it take 4 days for a letter to be delivered from a city in North extent . of $1,000,000 of the taxpayers' ONCE-A-MONTH MAIL SERVICE money. In the hearings the Postmaster Carolina to a person in Lynchburg? Although the Post Office may have some Second. Why is a letter addressed to a per- · General told us that a large force of in mathematical justification for its stand that son well-known in Lynchburg returned to spectors were working on this case, which higher rates are necessary to overcome the the sender, more than a thousand miles involved the ringing-in of time-clock chronic postal deficits, it would have more away, because there is not a specific street 2690 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 address, though this can be immediately responsibility of fostering the development Mr. CANPIELD. I will be glad to do found in both the telephone directory and of civil aviation-not only to provide an ade so. the city directory? quate and efficient mail service but also fur Mr. HERTER. We have been told Third. How is it that I often get a letter ther the interests of commerce and the over and over again in the Boston postal from·Europe more quickly than.one from New national defense. York? . district that the failures of the Post Fourth. Why is it that a magazine mailed Why are the carriers in the air being Office Department were due to lack of · in New York often does not reach me until subsidized today through mail pay funds, to lack of appropriations by the 2 weeks after being mailed? ments? To keep the ships flying, to keep Congress. trained pilots in the air, to keep the fa I should like to read an editorial from I am not going to read the response of cilitiss ready for M-day when M-day the Christian Science Monitor which the editor; it is too hot. comes, a settled policy of our country bears directly on that subject. I hope Now I read from a trade paper: through laws enacted by this Congress. that the responsible committees of this [From the Advertising Age of February 19, A fact that cannot be disputed is that House will make an investigation of the 195.1} Unless there is a certificate for mail service situation that is revealed by the edito- POSTAL SERVICE: BAD AND GETTING WORSE by the Board there is no way under law to 1·ial before the close of this session. From every side one hears complaints provide Government aid to support these This is called "Payroll frauds" and reads about the deteriorating postal service. highly important operations. as follows: A correspondent tells us, for example, of an Only one witness, in the person of the instance in which it took 9 days for a plate, Postmaster General, gave any formal detailed PAYROLL FRAUDS mailed parcel post in his own city, to reach testimony before our committee regarding It is doubtful if the United States Postal him, and of another instance in which a let this policy and he said, in part, "If you trans Service ever before experienced such me ter which was incorrectly addressed got to a fer from the Post Office Department to the t h odical and widespread embezzlement as has postal substation within 3 miles of his office Military Department the problem of pro been uncovered at Boston's South Postal and was then returned to the writer, more moting and advancing commercial aviation Annex. than 1,000 miles away, because the post office as the Post Office Department has since 1918, Unofficial estimates of losses run as high would not supply directory service. you would spend far more money of the tax as $4,000,000, paid out as wages to absentee These are extreme, but by no means un payers to the military service in supporting workers whose time cards were punched by usual instances of the manner in which the that program than you would in the postal confederates for a fee of $4 a day. postal service, once the pride of the entire service," and he added, "The use of the heli Quick and vigorous prosecution has been Nation, has deteriorated, to the detriment of copter has never been better demonstrated rightfully promised· by George F. Garrity, business, the public, and the Government than it has in the Korean situation." the United States attorney at Boston. Ncn itself. There are bitter stories whispered An application from the New York metro t alkative Post Office inspectors are persist here and there to the effect that some of the politan area for helicopter mail and passen ently ferreting out the facts in a full-scale deterioration was planned that way to prove ger service, supported by the Port Authority investigation to present to the Federal gr.and to a reluctant congress how badly the service of New York, is now pending before the jury to be convened March 19. needs additional revenue. We hope and be Board and the committee has been advised Such cynical, blatant fraud by public serv lieve that they are not true. iliformally that it will probably receive ants is particularly despicable when the Na But it is clear that postal service is a long favorable consideration unless this rider is tion itself is facing a crisis and finds it way from being as good as it once was, and approved. Helicopters and highly trained necessary to impose the highest tax rates it is completely ridiculous that this should helicopter pilots and facilities would cer on its citizens in the history of the country. be so. No service of the Government so tainly prove a Godsend to this prime target It calls for immediate steps, in addition directly affects the lives of all the people; area in the event of atomic attack. to prosecution, to make a repetition of such none is so widely used or so deeply trusted. . Chairman D. W. Rentzel of the Civil Aero a crime an impossibility. A completely new Holding the country together without the nautics Board is authority for the statement system of supervision at the huge clearing communications system that is the United that the commercial aviators carrying the house for all mail of 25 cities and towns States Mails is unthinkable. And a deteri mail and pioneering in helicopter develop c9mprising the Boston postal district would oration in its vital service can be disastrous. ment have been responsible for dramatic aids certainly not be amiss. Whatever it takes to get first-class service to the military in Korea in which the heli Between 2,000 and 3,000 workers are em must be provided. No other attitude is worth copter has proven invaluable not only in ployed at the annex each 24-hour day, but considering. reconnaissance but in the rescue of wounded officials should know something about what soldiers. He holds that current technical goes on. Time cards should not be the only Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Chairman, will improvements in both the size and efficiency means of knowing that each worker is pres ths gentleman yield? of new helicopters appear to make possible a ent. Roll calls at the halfway mark between Mr. CANFIELD. I yield. very sizable commercial operation which will every work period might serve as a check Mr. H::NSHA W. I just wondered if be largely self-supporting and will provide a against time cards punched by others. the gentleman was going to discuss this reserve of helicopter aircraft and trained per That there could be any whitewashing to provision on page 15 before he concludes sonnel which will be available to the military protect the politically favored, as has been his remarks. in an emergency and maintained at little hinted in news stories, is unthinkable. Out Mr. CANFIELD. Yes; I will do that or no cost to the taxpayer. raged public opinion should follow through now. May I say to the gentleman from The hearings on this subject, Mr. to insure a genuine clean-up. California, however, that I have in my Chairman, are cursory. Only one wit Mrs. ST. GEORGE. Mr. Chairman, hand a dozen more editorials comment ness was heard and he was not asked will the gentleman yield? ing on poor mail service, editorials com more than five questions. I refer to the Mr. CANFIELD. I yield to the gentle ing from various States in the Union Postmaster General. We did call down woman from New York. not heretofore recorded. for informal testimony Chairman Rent Mrs. ST. GEORGE. I thank the gen The gentleman from California has zel of the Civil Aeronautics Board, and tleman from Massachusetts for having asked me to comment on the legislative he is bitterly against this rider, holding brought this matter to the attention of rider to which the chairman of our com it does pose a serious threat to our total the House. It seems to me, especially mittee addressed himself earlier in the national interests in this perilous period. at this time when we are considering afternoon, and I am going to read briefly We had absolutely no testimony from raising postal rates, that a full-fledged from my minority report on that rider: anybody representing the Department investigation of such abuses as have It is improper procedure and it poses a of National Defense. occurred in Boston-and I am reliably possible threat to our total national interest Last year the· House rejected this ap informed are occ\irring in other post in time of conflict to employ the use of a proach in a similar bill, and I hold it offices-should be undertaken at once. legislative rider to an appropriation bill in should do so today. I commend the gentleman for calling order to alter the purpose and intent of the Civil Aeronautics Act under the name of Mr. HERTER. Mr. Chairman, will this to the attention of the House, and economics which are disputable. The rider· the gentleman yield? I sincerely hope that before the end ls directed particularly against helicopter Mr. CANFIELD. I yield to the gen of this session some such investigation mall service at a time when the House Com tleman from Massachusetts. will be undertaken. It will exonerate mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce Mr. HERTER. Earlier in the gentle those who are right, but certainly those again has under consideration a bill to pro man's remarks he referred to a situation who are wrong should be punished. vide for separation of air mall pay and Mr. HERTER. I thank the gentle • subsidy. in Boston and I am wondering if he The Congress establisherl a policy under would be willing to yield long enough for woman. the existing Civil Aeronautics Act which me to say a word in regard to that situ Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, will the charged the Civil Aeronautics Board with the ation? gentleman yield? 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2691 Mr. CANFIELD. I yield to the gentle would operate more economically than partment's operation has mainly de man from Virginia. the smaller airline? veloped in the past 3 to 4 years. The Mr. GARY. I would like to call the Mr. CANFIELD. That is definitely·my reasons are obvious and I should like to attention of the gentleman from Massa understanding. discuss them briefly. chusetts to the fact that this committee Mr. O'HARA. Let me ask the gentle For the past few years the Congress questioned the Postmaster General con man this question: Under this language has considered increasing postal rates cerning the Boston case, and we were if there were a small railroad furnishing to offset part of the tremendous deficit assured by him that there would be .a the mail transportation and there was in operating the postal service. From very full and complete investigation, and also truck service, and the truck service the inception of this move there has that he would see to it that the chips could be operated more economically for been a tendency by many to discredit fell where they may; that no one would the delivery of mail than the trains, re the postal operation as a means to de be spared in the investigation and that gardless of all the other needs for that feat legislation . that would have for its every effort would be made to correct the train service, would not the Postmaster purpose to increase postal rates. situ,ation. General be compelled to give that service In 1940 the total cost of operating the Mr. HERTER. I am very glad to have to the truck opera tion? postal service was $807,000,000, on .an that assurance. On the other hand, I Mr. CANFIELD. That is my under annual basis. Ten years later, in 1950, must say, in all candor to the gentle standing, and I would add this: I called it cost to operate the postal service man, that I know some of the workings the Post Office Department this morning $2,224,319,182. Since 1945 the merited of the post· office in my own city, and to ask specifically about costs in connec salary increases for postal employees I have grave· suspicions that unless an tion with the helicopter service in Los alone have amounted to $803,000,000. independent investigation is made by· a Angeles and Chicago. I was told that Transportation cost of mail by air, rail, • committee of this Congress this whole while it had been established that truck and boat has increased by several hun thing will be whitewashed. service would be cheaper, the helicopter dred millions of dollars; rental of build Mr. GARY. The committee· went into service provides for more expeditious de ings occupied by post offices and stations the situation very .fully, and you will livery of the mail to the extent of at least has greatly increased; cost of motor ve find it is covered in the hearings. Cer one-half a day. hicles has almost doubled, and certainly tainly the committee will do everything Mr. O'HARA. I thank the gentleman. this applies to new equipment and sup in its power-and I am sure I speak for Mr. GARY . . Mr. Chairman, I yield 20 plies. Now, the tremendous increase in the full committee-to clean up this minutes to the gentleman from Loui Operating the postal service has been situation. siana [Mr. PASSMAN]. brought about largely by laws enacted by Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, I am the Congress. Now, what is the real have in mind making a further comment honored to be a member of the House trouble with the postal service? I think in response to the question of the gen Appropriations Committee, and I am the record will bear me out that it is tleman from Minnesota [Mr. .ANDERSEN], particularly pleased and proud of my a simple question of the Congress re who wanted to know where in the hear membership on the Post Office and f using to raise postal rates in. accord ings he could find the savings from the Treasury subcommittee. It has been a:!:lce with the tremendous increased op curtailment order documented. I refer said that praise and flattery are closely erating cost, plus the almost unbeliev to a letter that the Assistant Postmaster related, but my praise for the chairman able increase in the number of pieces of General, Joseph J. Lawler, addressed to of this subcommittee, the gentleman mail handled, which is now approach Senator IRVING M. IvEs, under date of from Virginia [Mr. GARY], is sincere and ing 50,000,000,000 pieces of mail an February 13, 1951, in which he said this: has no relationship to flattery. The gen nually. As an example, let us discuss The Postmaster General has asked me to tleman from Virginia [Mr. GARY] pos the 1-cent postal card. It costs the answer your communication of February 8, sesses great ability and that ability has Post Office Department nearly 3 cents 1951, transmitting an inquiry from Mr. John been manifested in the handling of the to print and handle this piece of mail. J. O'Brien, 426 Baltic Sti-eet, Brooklyn 2, bill that is before this committee for con It was established in the hearings that N. Y., as to the amount of savings effected sideration. Our chairman is tolerant, the Post Office Department in 1950 sold by the Department since June 1, 1950. patient, fair, and impartial to every 4,000,000,000 of the 1-cent postal cards. It is presumed Mr. O'Brien makes refer one-witnesses and his associates on the It was also established that better than ence to savings incident to readjustments committee alike. in the postal service directed in the Post 94 percent of these postal cards· were master General's order dated April 17, 1950. Members of the Appropriations Sub used by large advertising agencies, de Changes set forth by this order were effec committee on Post Office and Treasury partment stores, and mail-order houses. tive immediately in many cities, while at should know more about these depart The public utilities discovered that they other points due to local conditions changes ments than the average Member of Con could take advantage of this subsidy, so were not made until later. gress, in that it is their responsibility to another 4 percent is used by the public Because of extra expenditures due to in check well into the justifications sub utilities, church and fraternal organiza creased m ail volume and extensions of serv mitted by the departments and to prove tions, and less than 2 percent are actu ice it would be difficult to accurately esti or disprove claims set out in the justifi mate the actual savings and no records have ally used by individuals for the purpose been maintained from which actual figures cations and the witnesses' statements. of correspondence. In effect, the net loss migh,t be furnished. Just criticism or just praise certainly in the sale and handling of the 1-cent are in order as they apply to individuals postal card for 1950 amounted to $70,- Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. I may say as well as departments of the Govern 000,000. In 1950 the net loss in han to the gentleman that that is a mighty ment. dling second-class mail amounted to weak answer on the part of the Post I am not in complete accord with $192,000,000. In the same year the loss master General. some of the statements in the report in handling third-class mail amounted Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Chairman, will the accompanying this bill, but as a whole to $136,000,000, and on fourth-class mail gentleman yield? the report is well prepared. As a mem $77,000,000. Mr. CANFIELD. I yield to the gen ber of the subcommittee handling the Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the tleman from Minnesota. appropriation for the Post Office De gentleman yield? Mr. O'HARA. Would the gentleman partment, I would be remiss in my duty Mr. PASSMAN. I yield. permit me to refer back to the situation if I did not praise the management of Mr. GROSS. Does the gentleman base regarding the limitation placed in this the Post Office Department and state those figures on the cost ascertainment bill concerning the transportation of without fear of successful contradiction figures of the Post Office Department? mail and the limitation which has been that the Post Office Department is the Mr. PASSMAN. I certainly do base imposed by the committee? Can the most efficient Department we have in them on ttAe cost ascertainment figures of gentleman tell me what this would mean the Government. the Post Office Department. in the event a large airline and a small I have checked into the hearings and Mr. GROSS. May I say to the gentle airline were serving the same city? justifications of the Post Office Depart man that some of us on the Committee Would it not mean that the Postmaster ment for a period covering the past 10 on Post Office and Civil Service do not General under this language would have years, and from the information I have believe that the cost ascertainment fig to give the business of hauling the mail been able to piece together, it appears ures of the Post Office Department are to the large airline, assuming that it that the (;riticism of the Post Office De- realistic. 2692 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 Mr. PASSMAN. The gentleman will Office Department but those of you who operate all branches of the Federal Gov have an opportunity to express his own have visited large post offices have ob ernment as late as 1917. The net oper views and furnish any evidence that he served they have devices for canceling ating defic'it of the Post Office Depart has in his possession to discredit or dis mail at high speed, automatic pick-up ment in 1950 was ·almost as much as the prove those figures. If the gentleman tables for assembling of mail, high-speed total cost of operating all branches of has such information, I wish he would conveyor devices which are miles and the Federal Goverllinent as late as 1905. furnish it to the committee or to the miles long. An inspection tour disclosed I contend that the only answer is to House this afternoon. that the Post Office Department has the increase postal rates and to eliminate as Recently I made a radio broadcast most modern and up-to-date accounting nearly as possible the hundreds of mil pointing out to my constituents why the and bookkeeping machines obtainable, lions of dollars in subsidies being granted Post Office Department was operating and from time to time they are improv to special groups. at such a loss and then the mail began ing their methods for expediting the A check into the records of some of to pour in condemning me for my stand. handling of mail. the publishers that are receiving large Here is some o::'. the proof as to how far There has been much said about the subsidies might disclose that their pro.fits some of the Post Office Department's pa Postmaster General's order curtailing run into millions of dollars annually and trons will go to protect their sacred sub residential mail deliveries to one a day. it is not unusual to find some of the sidy. Notwithstanding statements to the con publishers and editors receiving annual The publisher of ont:: weekly newspaper trary, I am convinced, and there is proof salar~es of 75 to 90 thousands of dollars. in my district stated if we increased pos to back up my conviction, that the cur In my opinion the time is overdue to in tal rates it would put him out of business. tailment of residential mail deliveries crease postal rates and eliminate a half • I immediately drew a credit report to one a day has saved the taxpayers billion dollar annual subsidy going to through one of my companies on this between $75,000,000 and $80,000,000 an some of the largest and wealthiest enter publisher which revealed he had a net nually. Now, let us discuss this matter prises in America. I am sure this com operating profit in 1950 in the amount of a bit further. mittee will agree that the publishers of $11,264. I then checked to ascertain After the Postmaster General's order books, magazines, and newspapers are in what was the total cost of mailing his I began to receive considerable com business for a profit and when we in publication in 1950, and it was the stag plaint from certain sections of my dis crease postal rates they will, of necessity, gering sum of $43.~8. trict. There was one town froni which adjust their rates and operations to ab There is a certain church in my district I received eight letters of complaint. sorb the postal increase. For the first with a large membership that publishes Upon investigation I discovered that this time they will take their rightful place a weekly bulletin. I had 21 letters from town did not have residential mail de in our highly competitive and interest members of this church complaining that livery service at all. I received 11 let ing free enterprise system· without the if we increased postal rates, they might ters of complaint from another small benefit of this subsidy. have to discontinue publishing this week town and upon investigation I discovered Some statement has been made rela- ly brief .news report. This is a wealthy that this town never had had city de - tive to the postal operations of Great church. In checking into the cost of livery. All of the patrons of these two Britain. The Postmaster General will mailing the publication, I discovered that towns had to go to the post office for tell you that if the Congress will enact it cost the church the staggering sum of their mail. Now, is it not only too laws permitting him to operate the $18.63 annually to handle this publica- obvious that there was a well-organized United States Postal Service on the same tion. - effort on the part of certain selfish in system that Great Britain operates, he I received several letters from public dividuals to mislead the Members of will give the postal patrons five mail de utility companies and one of them in Congress as to the hardships suffered liveries daily and still operate the De particular pointed out that they mailed because of one residential mail delivery partment with a handsome profit. their monthly statements on the 1-cent daily? Should it not also be pointed The gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. postal card and asked me not to disturb out that during World War II and for H. CARL ANDERSEN] made a statement a their subsidy. They stated that they several years thereafter, we had never moment ago about the increased appro would · rather see some other class of had but one residential mail delivery priation recommended for the fiscal year postage increased. To be specific, they daily? The two mail deliveries daily 1952. Mr. Bruce was asked in the hear recommended that we raise the required were inaugurated only a few years ago ings the number of city delivery exten additional funds on second-class mail. and at no time did over 28 percent of sions that are contemplated. Mr. Bruce I observed in the Governmental Af our residential population enjoy this said: fairs Bulletin No. 8, volume 52, dated super-duper, non--essential service. We do not have them that way; I have no March 16, that a witness for the National Should it not also be pointed out that record of that. I do know that since July 1 Association of Magazine Publishers told under the Post Office Department's .UP to date ,we have made what we might the House Post Office Committee that policy, the morning delivery covered call approximately 1,000,000 extensions; that the proposed 100-percent increase in first-class mail and the second residen is dependent on the definition of what the tial mail delivery had to do primarily term "extension" is in rural routes and dis second-class mail in the next 3 years tricts each mile being a unit we have ex would wipe out the net profits of most with second- and third-class mails? tended suitable service to a million new magazines. The witness urged the com Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the homes. mittee to recommend increased first gentleman yield? class mail to 4 cents instead of boosting Mr. PASSMAN. I yield. Since July 1 of last year it must also the rates on magazine and newspapers. Mr. GROSS. The gentleman under be borne in mind that there has been an I would like to remind the committee stands that the Postmaster General's increase of approximately 4 percent in that the 3-cent rate on first-class mail is preliminary order affected window serv the volume of mail, and that accounts the only class on which a profit is made. ice. They do not have carriers in the for the increased appropriation. We re .. There has been much said about the small towns of which the gentleman duced the appropriation last year, but obsolescence of the Post Office Depart speaks. the Post Office Department came back ment. A majority of these statements Mr. PASSMAN. Window service was this year and requested funds which ex are idle gossip and cannot be substanti not greatly affected. But the main com ceeded the amount by which the commit... ated. I would like to point out to the plaint has been registered on account tee reduced the appropriation last year committee that approximately 85 per of the curtailment of residential deliv because they are operating according to cent of the cost of operating the Post eries to one a day. I contend that the laws passed by the Congress and there is Office Department is for mail handled by Post Office Department is taking a lot no earthly way that they can absorb any human effort that cannot be replaced by of unjust criticism which. is nothing sub3tantial cuts over and above what the any type of machines. A robot cannot more than well-planned propaganda to committee has recommended. deliver the mail on R. F. D.'s, star routes, prevent the Congress from increasing Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair.. and city deliveries. Neither can a robot postal rates. So great has been the man, will the gentleman yield? detect whether a letter is addressed to subsidy to many segments of our Ameri Mr. PASSMAN. I yield.- Susie Brown.· or John Smith. can public that it is costfng hundreds of Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. The point I do not contend that certain improve_. millions of dollars more today to oper of my question addressed to the gentle ments could not be made in the Post ate the postal service than it cost to· man from New Jersey was to the effect 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2693 that while large savings have been money-order accounting system .with - The CHAIRMAN. The time of the claimed as a result of the changes insti transfer of personnel from the General gentleman from Louisiana has again j tuted by the Postmaster General in his Accounting Office. The discussion shows expired. reduction order, yet here we are faced that a _considerable amount of new Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Chairman I with an appropriation bill carrying a re equipment is to be installed to do the job, yield 3 minutes to the gentleman f;om quest for about $83,000,000 more than yet the testimony also shows quite defi Illinois [Mr. ARENDS]. 1951 for the_ Post Office Department. nitely the statement that nobody will Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Chairman, this is Suppose the savings effected by the Post .. lose his job. Can the gentleman recon the first of a series of appropriation master General have amounted to $50,., cile that testimony? bills to come before the House this ses 000,000. If that is the case, then in re... Mr. PASSMAN. That is a very good sion. I should like to avail myself of ality the Post Office -Department is re question and I shall answer it in part this opportunity to impress upon Mem questing $135,000,000 more from the Con .. and hope my chairman will pick up at bers the importance of their presence gress for fiscal year 1952 than it had that point. , - during the consideration of these re available for fiscal year 1951. At this particular time there is the postal money order and the postal note. sp~ct~ve bi~ls. In my view, these appro Mr. PASSMAN. The gentleman un priation bills are as important as any derstands that the Post Office Depart You can buy either at any post office. It is my understanding they are consoli ~f the defense measures, for our first ment presents their estimate. They lme of defense is the country's fiscal try to estimate the number of pieces dating the service into the one item the situation. of mail that will be handled during any gentleman referred to in the hearings. I did not read that part of the ·testi We cannot continue this suicide policy particular year. In submitting their of deficit spending. Our people are al justification and estimates for the fiscal mony where It was· stated they would not reduce the personnel for this im ready overburdened with high and still year 1951 they underestimated the higher prices, with heavy and still number of pieces of mail they would proved service. - The CHAIRMAN. The time Of the heavier taxes, caused by excessive Gov handle -by about 1,500,000,000 pieces of ernment spending. At this very moment mail. That is why we had a request gentleman from Louisiana has expired. Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, I yield the the Ways and Means Committee is -for an additional appropriation. It struggling with the problem of raising was on account of the tremendous in gentleman two additional minutes. Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, some additional revenue. At this very mo crease in the amount of mail handled ment we are faced with extraordinary Mr.·H. CARL ANDERSEN. I kno~ thing has been said about a language change in this bill, giving the Postmaster defense demands which may be even -that the entire premise of this _request greater in the unforeseeable future. for additional funds is based on the General authority to determine what 3. 77 percent anticipated increase in mode of transportation would be most It is. imperative that we ·scrutinize mail. In my small home town there is satisfactory and most economical. I every item of ·expenditure in each and no additional expense in the post of would like to direct the committee's every appropriation bill. It is impera fice for handling 3 percent more mail attention to a question on page 19 asked tive that we cut nondefense expendi than _they did the preceding year. We by the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. tu~es to tl:?-e bone. Our people demand GARY] as follows: this of us. Our country's survival re- do not - put on any additional clerks. quires it. - How can the gentleman justify using Do you know of any reason why ·you the same curve of increase as far as should not be given the right to determine As these various appropriation bills . volume is concerned and applying that what mode of transportation you should come before us we will find places where use in the transportation of mail? we can economize, and amendments as a yardstick as to what should be Mr. DONALDSON. I think a general law to necessary as far as expense is con- the effect that-the Postmaster General had _ will be offered to .make the reductions. cerned? _ - authority to avail himself, or the Depart I am appealing to the Members who Mr. PASSMAN. Because the Post ment avail itself, of any mode of transpor really t3lieve in economy to be present Office Department has been anticipat tation would be a great expediter of the on the floor to vote for economy amend ing- a decrease in the volume of mail, mails and probably more economical. I ments. In my capacity of Republican or they thought it would at least level think some such law should be passed. whip I personally intend to do every off, they have been missing their esti It has been brought out in the hear thing I can to that end, and I am con mates for the past 7 or 8 years. I think ings that we have four helicopters oper fident that when these appropriation the chairman established that in his ating in Los Angeles, five in Chicago, a bins are read for amendment you will statement. Almost every year the in total of nine, and some claim they con find this side of the aisle standing al crease has been greater than what they tribute very much to national defense. most as a man in support of those estimate in the beginning. This is not -substantiated by facts. I ~mendments that will accomplish sav I shall be very happy to furnish the would like to point out to the committee mgs. But we are in the minority. We gentleman with information and I that we have approximately 21,000 air will. r~quire some help from the econ think he will be convinced beyond any craft in all branches of military service, omy-minded Members on the other side reasonable doubt that by reducing the doubtless hundreds of them helicopters. of the aisle, and I likewise address my mail delivery in residential sections to I do not believe it can be justified that appeal to you to be present and voting one a day we did effect a substantial nine helicopters in the posta_l service are for economy. saving. contributing so largely to the national I well, arid rather regretfully, recall Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. It will defense when you take into account the that when we had the omnibus appro take an awful lot of convincing. tremendous amount of money it is cost priation~ bill -before us last year several Mr. PASSMAN. I will be happy to go ing the Department to operate that important amendments, which would to that trouble. I will be very happy super-duper service. I think the com have resulted _in economy, were lost by to do a lot of convincing. If the gen mittee shoult" know that even in Los a margin of a few votes. Some of our tleman will furnish me the time I will Angeles the helicopters are only han friends on the other side of the aisle furnish him with the information. May dling approximately 33 percent of the deserted us. In fact, some of those who I say that if you can have two deliveries mail to and from the airport. In Chi in general debate spoke so brilliantly as cheaply as one, you can have three cago it is only handling 25 percent of about the need' for economy even voted as cheaply as two and four as cheaply the total mail to and from the airport. against us. It is easy to give speeches as three. We do know that it costs less I think you should bear that in mind in · for economy, but the test comes when money to make one mail delivery daily considering the rider to the bill under than it costs to have two mail deliveries discussion. · · the votes are taken. daily. May I also state that there is an appli - Insofar as the pending bill is con Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Ur. Chair cation pending for the same service for cerned, there are very few places where man, will the gentleman yield? New York. This demand is_ going to we might make additional savings. Mr. PASSMAN. I yield to the gentle spread all over the country the same as Some of the major items in the bill are man from Wisconsin. did your post-office mail trucks that we fixed expenditures, such as interest on Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. I notice in have on the road. Once you get this the public debt, and appropriations to the hearings there is considerable dis started, in my opinion there will be no trust funds. But every dollar saved is cussio11 about the tstablishment of a new way of stopping it. a dollar gained. A dollar saved here. 2694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO,USE MARCH 20 and a dollar there, some in this appro which is used and useful in the public ment with great lack of foresight threat priation bill and some in others to fol service, in commerce, if you please, in ened · to shut down the transport low, all accumulate to make a substan time of peace, then I would like to know aircraft production lines in the United tial sum. what it is, because if you do not have States. It was the committee of which · May .this be the beginning of a great them in commerce, then you must have I happened to be a member at the time, economy drive. May we have a good them in the National Defense Establish the Air Accident Investigating Com attendance when each appropriation bill ment, where they serve only the purpose mittee, that pointed out -that they would comes up, and may be have votes for of carrying whatever passengers and absolutely have to have transport air economy. goods the National Defense Establish planes in World War II, and we pre Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I ment has to carry from place to place vented a shut-down of the transport yield 10 minutes to the gentleman from and at a total expense to the taxpayers. aircraft production lines. If we had not California [Mr. HINSHAW]. That is the reason why we put "for the prevented it, then the need which de Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Chairman, I have . national defense" in the language of the veloped very shortly thereafter, only a listened with a great deal of interest to Civil Aeronautics Act. That is the matter of a few months, would not have the members of this subcommittee who reason we are doing our utmost in the been serviced for a year longer than it have spoken on the subject of the legis Committee on Interstate and Foreign was actually serviced. In other words, lative rider that has been placed in the Commerce to expand, not to contract, we would not have been able to carry bill on page 15, lines 12 to 18, inclusive, the civil air commerce of the United our goods quickly, our ammunition and and which reads as follows: States. We must have those airplanes materials quickly on the v~rious world Notwithstanding any other provision of available in time of need, as we have wide war fronts to our soldiers.· The law, no part of any funds appropriated to on these two, yes, three occasions, actu thing that happened at that time which the Post Office Department shall hereafter ally; because in World War II one-half persuaded the Military Establishment in be used for the transportation (within the of all of the commercial aircraft engaged the final analysis was the German air continental limits of the United States) of in commercial operation-I am speaking borne attack on Crete. Then for the mail over any route or by any means which now in terms of numbers, not in lift- first time the Military Establishment . the Postmaster General determines to be were taken out of the commercial air realized the high importance of the more costly than other available and equally satisfactory routes or means. lines and put into the business of haul transport type of aircraft. At that point· ing men and materials for the Armed they had taken 157 that were in existence Now, all that language does, in effect, Forces of the United States. in the civil establishment but rtot in is to repeal a large part of the Civil Do you .think the United States should existence in the Military Establishment· Aeronautics Act and a portion of the own these 700 airplanes that are today into the use of the military, and thereby Interstate Commerce Act. Under both engaged in the commerce of the United saved the day. Then they suddenly of those acts the respective Commissions States and pay for their maintenance wanted thousands of transport a!rcraft, have the power to grant certificates for and upkeep out of the defense establish and they wanted them day-before-yes- . the carriage of mail and determine ment appropriation bills? No. Many terday. mail-pay compensation, that is, directs would have to sit on the ground idle. The ~act that after that point they the payment of compensation for the They would be a very great expense. So went ahead and constructed 8,000 C-47's carriage of those mail.s. It has been said we put them in the use of commerce, and quite a good number, I forget how here that the amendment is intended where they can pay their way as far as many, of C-54's, is great proof that they to affect principally helicopter service possible in time of peace, so that they needed them for the transportation of between airports and downtown post may be available to the people and to goods and personnel, arms, ammunition offices. I would like to know why the the armed services in time of emergency. and equipment, in time of war. They do committee did not use language refer That is reasonable, that is logier 1, that not have the required numbers in the ring to that subject alone, and leave it is over-all economy in the Government military service today, Even if they did, at that, and let us argue on the subject of the United States. it would be profitable to the National of helicopters. But this is all-inclusive. Mr. CRUMPACKER. Mr. Chairman, Defense Establishment to lease them out It would include all of the air routes over will the gentleman yield? for commercial purposes, so that not the United States and all of the railroad Mr. HINSHAW. I yield to the gen only could they be kept in operation, in routes over the United States. It would tleman from Indiana. operational condition, but pilots, naviga mean that the Postmaster General would Mr. CRUMPACKER. Does the gen tors, engineers, and so forth, would be be the one who would determine whether tleman know how many cargo-type currently trained in the use ~nd mainte the mails would be carried on these planes were bought for the military dur nance of those aircraft and available routes or by some other means which he ing World War II, for their use during for the national defense and its needs. believed to be equally satisfactory. the war? I should like to mention another fact Let us take a look at that situation. Mr. HINSHAW. Yes. There were also. I think the Committee on Appro We designed the Civil Aeronautics Act approximately 8,000 DC-3 types; that is priations has gone far beyond its scope and the Interstate Commerce Act many the C-47, most of which were delivered in putting legislation like this on an years ago. But particularly the Civil after 1942. appropriation bill. Actually, I think the Aeronautics Act was designed to provide Mr. CRUMPACKER. How many C- committee should have made a further for the development of civil aviation for 54's? investigation: the carrying of the mails and the com Mr. HINSHAW. I cannot just say ex They made a very light investigi;i.tion. merce of the United States and in aid of actly, but it was a large number. The gentleman from Virginia said that the national defense. Mr. CRUMPACKER. How many were he investigated the Los Angeles post One of the things we are trying to do contributed by the airlines at the start office. I happen to know how long the as hard as we can these days is to build of the war? I am referring to that "one gentleman spent in Los Angeles and up the number of aircraft that are being half" of which the gentleman has spoken. whom he talked to and what he did used and useful in the commerce of the Mr. HINSHAW. They were there there, although I did not even know he United States. I point out to you that if available and ready when the need came was there until he haJ left and the it were not for these aircraft, where right after Pearl Harbor. I believe the papers announced that he was leaving. would we have been on the Berlin air number is 157 that were actually turned Then I tried to find out what he had lift and where would we have been on over in the beginning. They were not accomplished while he was there. I do the Tokyo airlift? Our need is for as in existence in the Military Establish not think what he did was a complete many commercial aircraft in operation ment at the time the commercial air investigation. I am sure the gentleman as we can have in the air for that pur craft were turned over to the military. will admit that. The gen-~leman did not pose, if for no other. Mr. CRUMP ACKER. I thank the see the postmaster in the city of Los As a matter of fact, if anyone can gentleman. Angeles. He did not see the head of the conceive of a cheaper way, over-all, for Mr. HINSHAW. As a matter of fact, Los Angeles Airways. He talked with the Gov3rnment of the United. States to I should like to say this, and I will say some assistant on the telephone, I be provide itself with that airlift which it it right here on the floor. After World lieve. I think that the whole story may need in time of emergency by hav War II ste.rted for the United States, should be brought before this Committee ing those aircraft engaged in business December 7, 1941, the Military Establish- on Appropriations as well as other com- 1951 CON()RESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2695 mittees of the Beuse before any such statement that the one-man committee asked of him and that naturally leads to rider as this is tacked onto an appropri investigation was not a very thorough a conclusion which I say with all due ation bill. The chairman of my Com investigation and that he did not talk to respect is entirely erroneous. I think you mittee on Interstate and Foreign Com the Postmaster General, but talked to should have called the members of our merce has the intention of offering an one of the assistants on the telephone. committee before your subcommittee, if amendment to strike out this provi Mr. HINSHAW. I intimated that. you please, and asked us a few questions sion. I believe he will be sustained Mr. WILSON of . Indiana. To what about it; you should have called mem unanimously by the committee itself. gentleman do you refer. It could not bers of the Civil Aeronautics Board and I believe that the other committee which be me. · listened to their suggestions, also mem · is concerned with this ·matter, the Com Mr. HINSHAW. No. bers of the Civil Aeronautics Adminis mittee on Post Office and Civil Service, Mr. WILSON of Indiana. Was it me? tration and the Military Establishment, are liable to do very much as they did ·Mr. HINSHAW. No; it was not you. and not merely take the ·.vord of the l~st year when a similar rider came on Mr. WILSON of Indiana. I made the Postmaster General. this ·bill and they joined us in helping to remark in the Committee on Appropria Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, will the strike it from the bill. tions. . The other day I was in Los gentleman yield? Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the Angeles. I was in the post office and Mr. HINSHAW. I yield. gentleman yield? with the staff of the Post Office Depart Mr. GARY. I may state to the gentle Mr. HINSHAW. I yield. ment there. I saw the helicopters come man that we did have the chairman of Mr. GROSS. Is there not another rea in and deliver the mail. I talked to the Civil Aeronautics Board before us. son why this ought to be stricken out? them, and I have proof on the floor for It would be delegating sweeping and Mr. HINSHAW. Did he favor this it; so if the gentleman is referring to the idea? arbitrary power to a Government agency. one-man investigation which I made, Mr. HINSHAW. Absolutely. It is a Mr. GARY. No; he did not. and I think I made an investigation, and Mr. HINSHAW. Absolutely not. delegation to the Postmaster General of that there was only one, and that I made more power than is in the hands of the Mr. .GARY. He thought that the it by telephone; I have the proof on the Board should be given authority to de Civil Aeronootics Board. floor thatJ was there on the roof of the Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Is it any cide how the· mail should be transported post office and I did talk to the author and not the Postmaster General. more arbitrary that the Postmaster Gen ities. eral have authority to say that it shall Mr. HINSE.AW. That is not the ques not be done, and to say it is more expen Mr. HINSHAW. You gentlemen can tion at all. sive, than it is to give authority to the talk to the Post Office Department all Mr. GARY. I wanted the gentleman Civil Aeronautics Board to say that it you please and get all the information to know that we did consult the chair shall be done regardless of whether it be you want about the Post Office Depart man of the Board and consider his view the policy of the Postmaster General? ment, but the business of transporting point. Mr. HINSHAW. Yes; it is; and I will the mail comes under the terms of the Mr. HINSHAW. It is not a question tell you why. The Board is a quasi Civil Aeronautics Act and there are other of giving them authority; it is a question judicial body which acts for the Congress objectives in the Civil Aeronautics Act of what is right for the people of the in heari:t;lg cases and issuing certificates than· the mere transporting of mail. I United States. of convenience and necessity, and so on. will grant you it is something which has been, in part, subsidized. I will also Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, will the minutes to the gentleman from Texas gentleman yield? · grant you that this Committee on Inter state and Foreign Commerce, of which [Mr. POAGE]. Mr. HINSHAW. Would the gentleman Mr. POAGE. Mr. Chairman, I ask yield me five additional minutes if he is I am a member, brought· in a bill here last fall which was a little bit premature unanimous consent to speak out of order. going to ask me to yield? The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Mr. GARY. Yes, Mr. Chairman; I because it was not properly drafted, and it was improved on the floor of the House to the request of the gentleman from yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Texas? California. after a good many amendments, and sent May I ask the ·gentleman from Cali over to the other body for the separa There was no objection. fornia: Who is ·charged with the duty of tion of air mail pay ar.d subsidy. That Mr. POAGE. Mr. Chairman, in the transporting mail? Is it not the Post bill provided for the separation of mail last few minutes an event has occurred master General, and if he is charged pa.y and subsidy. · which seems to me to jeopardize the en with that duty, should he not have some A similar bill is before our committee tire process of legislation. Under our discretion as to the method by which he at the present time, and hearings will form of government we have two Houses discharges the functions of his office? be held on it and in due course it will be constituting the Congress. It is impos Mr. HINSHAW. That is a good ques brou6ht to the floor and that, gentle sible to legislate unless we can have mu tion. The Post Office Department, ever men, is the proper time to discuss this tual respect and consideration between since the days of the pony express riders, subject, and not now. In other words, the two Houses. When either of the has been pioneering in methods of trans it is not the business of the Committee branches of Congress arrogates to itself portation. The Post Office Department on Appropriations, in the minds of most the power to not only veto but to refuse was given this duty in connection with of us in the House, to engage in legisla to consider the views of the other branch air mail way back in 1918. May I point tive undertakings concerning subjects of the Congress you have unicameral leg out further to the gentleman that at the about which they are not thoroughly islature and not the bicameral system end of the fiscal year 1945 the air-mail familiar. I say that with all due respect established by our Constitution. In the system had repaid to the Government of to my friends on the Appropriations 15 years I have been a Member of this the United States, through the sale of Committee. There are other commit House I have never observed until today stamps, which were carried by air, more tees in the House, some 16, I believe, either House refusing to grant to the money than the total subsidy ever paid which are engaged in constant study of other the opportunity to discuss a prob to them. And they have been very in all the matters that come before the lem concerning which the Houses were expensive to the United States in com Committee on Appropriations, and some at difference. parison to the benefits returned. The .that do not; and I say to you that the Within the last hour a message came mere fact that these airplanes are avail committees charged in the House of to this House from another part of the able for national defense in time of need . Representatives with legislative matters building in which it was stated that an will warrant any reasonable expenditure are, in my mind at least, better qual other body was determined to insist on which is made, making up the difference ified on these subjects than can you ·ue its amendments to H. R. 2615. That between their cost of operation and their on your committee which deals with the body had a perfect right to insist on its income in time of peace. whole gamut, necessarily. amendments, but it went further and Mr. WILSON of Indiana. Mr. Chair There was no consultation with my refused to appoint conferees to discuss man, will the gentleman yield? committee on this matter, none what with this House the differences involved Mr. HINSHAW. I yield. soever; no testimony was received from in the legislation. Mr. WILSON of Indiana. The gen anybody except the Postmaster General, It goes back, Mr. Chairman, to the dis tleman from California just made the and I think only five questions were cussion on the floor of another body on 2696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 yesterday when the distinguished gen breakdown of the legislative machinery, Ind., 200 miles south and get there be tleman who was there in charge of leg does it not? · fore dark? What is wrong with the islation involving H. R. 2615 said: Mr. POAGE. That is exactly what it postmaster in Chicago when he cannot Furthermore, I may say that the com amounts to. get the mail from the airport to the post mittee that had this in charge have decided Mr. COOLEY. It is an insult to this office in less than a half day by any that this is as far as they wish to go and House and an outrage to the traditions other means than the helicopter? therefore do not desire or intend to ask for of the Congress? We talk about economizing. Let us the appointment of conferees but let the Mr. POAGE. It is indeed. But un do it; it is important. I have listened to " matter rest on the bill as reported to the til I am shown that I am wrong, I prefer these pseudoeconomists preach economy Senate by the committee. to look upon it as the act of one or two from the floor of this House, yet I have May I submit in all candor that if we individuals, rather than the considered seen many of them fail to practice the have reached a stage where any Member views of the other body. same philosophy on the :floor of this of either House has the· power to say, The ·CHAIRMAN. The time of the House. "I forbid my colleagues from discussing gentleman from Texas has expired. I want to get back to the text of the with those in the other body the ques Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I remarks I have prepared for this after- tions at issue," there can no longer be yield 20 minutes to the gentleman from noon. . any opportunity to work out legislation Indiana [Mr. WILSON]. Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Chairman, will the between the two Houses. I think I am Mr. WILSON of Indiana. Mr. Chair gentleman yield? well advised that this action reflects the man, I want to direct the first part of Mr. WILSON of Indiana. I yield to views and wishes of one man, not the my remarks to a controversial issue, the gentleman from Arkansas. considered wish of the majority of the namely, the use of helicopters in the dis Mr. HARRIS. Did the Postmaster other body. In this case it means that patching of mail in certain cities. I General approve the use of helicopters this body must accept the views and the want to say, first, that I have observed for the Los Angeles operation? will of one Member of another body who this operation first hand. I have talked Mr. WILSON of Indiana. I believe it lives in a State that is only incidentally with conscientious postal authorities on was the · Assistant Postmaster General involved by the legislation and who sim this proposition, and they contend that who was before our committee. ply says, "Under the practice of this body there is very little, if any, saving in time Mr. HARRIS. I mean in the contract I may not be a member of the confer in the dispatching of mail by helicopter for the use of heiicopter service and the ence, so I will not allow any conferees from the airport to the post office. The delivery of mail from the airport to the to be appointed." distinguished ranking minority member post office in Los Angeles. Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, will of my subcommittee made the remark Mr. WILSON· of Indiana. He was the gentleman yield? earlier in the day that he had called the more or less indifferent. Mr. POAGE. I yield. . postmaster in Chicago and also the Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. COOLEY. Is it not a fact that postmaster in Los Angeles and that gentleman yield? one of the most important provisions of those postmasters have assured him it Mr. WILSON of Indiana. I yield to the the bill passed by the House sought to would take approximately a half day gentleman from Minnesota. correct an inequity which was corrected longer to dispatch the mail to certain Mr. O'HARA. Can the gentleman tell _ by both Houses of Congress for the year places if the .helicopter were left out. If me whether there were any hearings 1950 and which the House sought to cor that is true, the quicker we can get rid upon this question printed in the pro rect in the year 1951? of those postmasters the better off this ceedings? Mr. POAGE. It is not only true, but country is going to be, not to mention Mr. WILSON of Indiana. Yes, but the gentleman who had charge of the the cities of Chicago and Los Angeles. whether they were on the record or off legislation in the other body stated that I arrived in Chicago on December 16 the record, I do not remember. We did it was to correct an injustice heretofore last year about 2 hours late for a very have hearings. I believe it was the As existing; and then he said that the Sen important meeting. I walked out and sistant Postmaster General who was ate reduces the correction by about one got into a cab and asked the cab driver present to testify on this particular half; in other words, they corrected half how long it would take him to get me to point; but whether or not we had a of the inequity that they recognized ex the Stevens Hotel. He said "20 or pos stenographer to take down those hear isted but decided that this was as far sibly 30 minutes." I said, "You cannot ings, I do not recall. However, I can as they cared to go. do it." He said, "Yes; I can do it; that tell you exactly the question I directed But I am not raising the question of is my regular time." Twenty minutes to the Assistant Postmaster General and the merits of the specific legislation later we were in the Stevens Hotel. I can tell you exactly what his answer before the House; I submit that the ne A couple of years ago I attended a was. I asked, "We can deliver the mail cessity of courtesy between the Houses baseball game in the city of Chicago. with practically the same expediency applies to all legislation, and if we allow After that game I left for my home in with existing facilities at little or no any one man, even though he may have southern Indiana, 200 miles away, arriv extra cost?" been Secretary of Agriculture, to say ing at my home without having to turn I concluded from the testimony as we that he and he alone is going to keep on the lights of my automobile. Yet we interrogated him further, that we would another body of the Congress from even are asked to believe that it takes a half save approximately $300,000 out of the considering the views of this body and day to dispatch mail from the airport to $360,000. . - . to keep the body to which he belongs the post office or some other post office Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, will from even consulting with us, or from within the jurisdiction of that postmas the gentleman yield? appointing conferees-if he or any man ter. Mr. WILSON of Indiana. I yield to is to have such power, and if he or any . I was in Santa Barbara, Calif., some the gentleman from Louisiana . man, even though he be a Member of a time ago, and I had to catch a plane out Mr. PASSMAN. I refer the gentle great deliberative body, is to use such of Los Angeles. I asked my host how man to the 1950 hearings on the defi power in such an impolite and arrogant long it would take him to drive me to ciency appropriation bill, on page 424, manner, we might as well move sine Los Angeles. He said, "Oh, about an where you will discover that we did hold die adjournment. hour and 45 minutes." I said, "Let us hearings on the helicopter service. If we are to let one man speak for the take 2 hours." We left Santa Barbara,' Mr. WILSON of Indiana. Of course I entire other body, or if a majority of that 97 miles north of Los Angeles, and was not on the committee at that time. body should actually hold this House in reached the airport in exactly 1 hour and I am referring to this session, since I the contempt which this message has in 55 ·minutes. have been on the committee. I interro dicated, we must either retaliate or ab What is wrong with the postmaster in gated the gentleman, and I quoted almost dicate. I do not believe that this insult Los Angeles if it takes a half day by any exactly what he told us. Some people was intended by the great . majority of other means than helicopter to get the speak for the .record. I am not inter the other body. I invite them to show mail from the airport to the post office? ested in the record; I &m interested in their good will by reconsidering their What is the matter with the postmaster accomplishing what economy I can for · action. in Chicago if I can leave a baseball game the people of the United States. As far Mr. COOLEY. If this stands as a in Chicago in the afternoon at the close as window dressing for home consump precedent; it actually amounts to a of nine innings and drive to Bedford, tion, I a:r:.1 riot interested in that. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE 2697 l As a member of the Post Office and the end· of World War II, it seem·s obvi Any Federal service which touches the Treasury Subcommittee of the House ous that adjustments in postal rates are people is a very touchy subject for a Committee on Appropriations,. I have mandatory. Member of Congress to mention. How been checking thoroughly requests for It costs a billion dollars more to serve ever, my record has been built on my de-r money by the Post Office Departm·ent. this country through the Post Office De termination that your Federal Govern~ ' It is a generally known and somewhat partment than it cost in 1945. This rep ment owed honesty to the people it gov shameful truth that 'the Post Office De resents more than a 100-percent increase erns, and I cannot with a clear con-' partment has operated at a great deficit in mail costs in 5 years. The average science sanction the robbing of Peter to for a long time. Everyone is aware that cost of postal service per operation has pay Paul. I realize that when the taxes the Government subsidizes tl:e airlines increased nearly 60 percent. The aver to cover post-office deficits are removed to a compensating extent for handling age increase in revenue for operation is from the people, that the cost of the air mail letters and packages. However, only 5 % percent. The disparity is ob advertisers' products will probably bear the deficits about which I am most con vious, the problem is pressing, and the the increase. However, this seems a cerned are above any subsidy figures as time · is certainly now. If we mean it more honest way to operate, and at we have dealt with them in the past. when we speak about pay-as-you-go least it relieves from this charge those There is no question that t:te Post plans, then we must work to make each people who do not buy the advertiser's· Office Department renders -a great deal operation a pay-as-you-go operation. wares. more service than is paid for by its users. Otherwise, we shall wjnd up each year Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Chairman, I yield Certain postal users have been subsidized with larger and larger deficits, a greater 5 minutes to the gentleman from Iowa by the taxpayers for far too many years. national debt, and a cheaper American [Mr. GROSS]. I realize that my remarks will tread on dollar. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, we are the tender toes of many large businesses The No. 1 recommendation of the today debating the approval of a Post and publishing houses. However, I be Postmaster General is to raise postcard Office appropriation bill in the amount lieve it is more honest to charge these rates from 1 to 2 cents. This is not as of $2,335,0t>O,OOO, nearly $83,000,000 users of the mails exactly what it costs radical a change as one might think, more than was appropriated for the Post to serve them and to relieve the tax since it costs 2.8 cents to handle a post Office Department in 1951, despite dras payers of an unfair imposition at a time card, more than 95 percent of which are tically curtailed service to the people. when they are more than overburdened strictly advertising. It would appear that the making avail~ with defense costs. The Post Office De Newspapers and magazines have gen able of such an enormous amount of partment estimates that its 1952 ir.come erally doubled and often tripled their money for the carrying on of the postal will be approximately $1,840,000,00G, its subscription rates since the end of service should provide satisfactory and expenses-estimated at present cost World War II. Does it not strike you expeditious postal service for all our peo levels-will be at least $2,361,000,000. as.incongruous that the mail rates they ple, yet I ·predict that next year, the This leaves an obvious deficit of $521, pay for delivery of their publications same as this -year, errors in judgment, .000,000. This is a minimum estimate were set up in 1879? It seems highly poor management and procedures will be which will be greater if the airlines are unreasonable to gear all other phases of blamed upon a lack of appropriations. granted an increase for carrying air the merchandising business to 1951 cost Many of you, I am sure, like myself, mails and if the Interstate Commerce ratios and leave the price of a stamp for have received complaints from your con- , Commission grants an increase to the carrying it to the consumer 70 years be- stituents with regard to poor mail de railroads for the same services. I repeat, hind the times. · · livery and unusual delays, particularly it is an indefensible position for your At the very least, some increase of in what the Department chooses to call Government to ask that tax subsidies be the second-class mail rates would seem nonpriority mail. The Postmaster Gen paid to large manufacturers and our to be warranted. Such action would bring in several million additional dol eral, in his order of April 17, 1_950, de leading advertisers in this country. In creed that there should be certain re this time of unheard-of prosperity, such lars of revenue. · businesses can well afford to pay their Ten billion pieces of third-class. strictions placed upon the handling of own way, and in spite of staggering mail-circulars and advertising pieces- third class mail. There is nothing in taxes, they should be able to manage . will go through America's post offices in these restrictions which should delay de since this increased cost is certainly a 1952. Estimated costs for handling livery of third class mail more than one deductible business expense. these pieces will be about $271 ,000,000. day, yet we find delays in the delivery of l I Our first-class mail pays its own way, This leaves a not inconsiderable defici~ third class mail ranging up to several which means that every 3-cent stamp you of $173,000,000. weeks. . buy carries its own weight in the Post Fourth-class mail-parcel post-has Also, we ·find that procedures have Office Department. I am sorry to report always operated at a deficit, too. How been established under the guise of that no other class of mail doe3. Second ever, the main inequities will most likely economies which not only cause great de class m_ail ts an especially expensive op be adjusted if proposals now before the lays in the delivery of these nonpriority ~ration for your Post Office Department. Interstate Commerce Commission are mails but actually are more expensive. Second-class mail is mainly made up of approved. I have received a letter from the cir newspapers and magazines, and most In addition to the carrying of mail, culation manager of the Des Moines Reg certainly I have no criticism of the kind the United States Post Office Depart-: ister, Mr. E. P. Schwartz, in which he of educational information these two ment performs certain services for the points out the length of time it took for organs dispense. However, the adver people, such as registry of mail and tising which such mailing pieces contain packages, insurance, c. o. d. deliveries, parcels of mail to be delivered at points should not be carried as a matter of edu and special deliveries. Loss on services comparatively close to Des Moines. Here ~ation to our people. Therefore, in alone is estimated at about $29,000,000 is his letter: creased postage costs should be passed for the coming fiscal year. It seems not THE DES MOINES REGISTER AND TRIBUNE, along by publishers to those who adver unfair to ask that increases in the cost Des Moines, Iowa, March 13, 1951. tise to the American people, special con of such services would warrant increases Congressman H. R. GRoss, Hou.se Office Building, sideration to be given, of course, to strict in the rate for such services, at least suf Washington, D. C. ly educational and news-service carriers. ficient to cover the expected deficit. DEAR MR. GRoss: With the proposal before Third-class mail, composed almost en Perhaps a sliding scale of rate ratios to your committee to increase second-class and tirely of circulars and advertising mat costs should be established. Perhaps third-class postage rates, I thought you ter, falls far short of paying its own way. changes in the rates for these services would be interested in an experience we These two classes of mail account for should be made more often. had this week on delivery of third-class mail. $300,000,000 of the better than half a Since recent budget requests were Last Tuesday, March 6, we delivered a lot based on the likelihood of many of the of third-class mail to the Des Moines post billion deficit the post office expects to office by our own truck, about 7 p. m. In tally in the fiscal year 1952. above adjustments being made, it is with this mail were 180 pieces in large 9 by 12 Since salaries and transportation ex":' regret that I must advise that unless envelopes, mailed third-class postage to in penses make up some 96 percent of the something is done, it will be necessary dividual Sunday Register carriers in Rock cost of handling the mail and since these to raise taxes even more than they are Island, Ill. Up to Saturday, March 10, this two items have risen meteorically since at present estimated. mail had not yet reached our carrier~ · 2698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 The manager of our agency there call.ed have placed this letter in the RECORD so Mr. DAVIS of Georgia. Mr. Chair the post office and talked to the superintend that the Members of the House may man, I ask unanimous consent to pro ent of mails Saturday afternoon, March 10, have the benefit of its contents and so ceed for five additional minutes. to see if the mail had reached there and that it may ·be pointed out in connec The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection why it had not been distributed. The Rock Island superintendent of mails tion with the Post Office Department's to the request of the gentleman from told him that mail sent from Des Moines appropriation bill that delays are oc Georgia? third class was not routed direct to Rock casioned by poor procedures more often There was no objection. Island but instead was routed to the Chi than by curtailment as a result of lack Mr. DAVIS of Georgia. Mr. Chair cago terminal, and worked out of there tc;> of appropriations. · man, one. of the crying needs today is the different points of destination in Illi I emphasize again that $2,335,500,- to · eliminate unnecessary employees nois, and that this process takes anywhere 000 should be adequate to give the peo from the Federal payroll. In 1929 the tram 4 to 6 days. Rock Island, Ill., as you know, is approxi ple of the United States good postal serv total number of Federal employees was mately 180 miles from Des Moines, and just ice if the affairs of the Department are 559,000. By 1940 the number of civil halfway to Chicago. Here. is a case where properly directed. ian employees had almost doubled, be 180 pieces of third-class ~ail would be Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, will ing 1,014,000. In December 1950 _the hauled three times its normal distance to the gentleman yield? number had increased to 2,027,787. Chicago and back to Rock Island, a total of Mr. GROSS. I yield. The people of this country facing the 540 miles of railroad transportation, when it Mr. PASSMAN. Does the gentleman staggering new taxes which are threat could have been dumped off at Rock Island on a direct line from Des Moines with only realize that the Post Office Department ened are looking now to Congress to 180 miles of railroad transportation. handles approximately 50 billion pieces make every effort to eliminate unneces r The Post Office Department may have an of mail? I understand it is a very rare sary Federal employees; and this being argument in favor of central terminals for thing for extreme delays to occur in the the first appropriation bill to come 'be dispatching mail. But when it comes to handling of the mail. fore this Congress, in my opinion, now speed of delivery or efficiency of handling, or Mr. GROSS. I am not sayil)g that is the time to begin to whittle and to re cost of handling, it occurs to me that the this mail went there through mistake; I duce these unnecessary Federal em system needs revision. Certainly that kind of mail delivery does not warrant doubling say it was deliberately routed the way it ployees. the postal rates if the service is going to was. We have under consideration at the be no better. Mr. PASSMAN. Is the gentleman re moment the Treasury Department. The Not long ago we had a similar experience f erring to the rule or to the rare excep Treasury Department has had its share, with mail for our carriers at Kirksville, Mo. tion when he speaks about delays in as have other governmental depart And we found in that case that the mail for third-class mail deliveries? We have ments, of the increase in Federal em Kirksville, instead of being dropped off the not received complaints of that kind. ployment since 1940. In 1940 in the Wabash train on its through trip, was carried 56,143 down to St. Louis-again a distance of ap Mr. GROSS. I am referring to what Treasury Department there were proximately 360 to 380 miles-run through I suspect to be the rule in the handling employees, but in 1950 that number had the big terminal post office at St. Louis, and of third-class mail throughout the increased· to 89 ,298. then brought back to Kirksville-making Nation. Mr. Chairman, this amendment is three times as much mileage haul by railway _ Mr. PASSMAN. In a rural area or directed to the figures on line 6 of page mail cars as would be required if it were a particular locality, but the gentleman 2 of the bill, and would reduce the item dropped off on the south-bound trip. Kirks is not speaking of mail delivery na from $2,648,000 to $2,400,000, a reduc ville, Mo., for your information, is on a di tionally, is he? tion of $248,000, or a little less than 10 rect line of the Wabash between Des Moines percent. and St. Louis. Mr. GROSS. Yes. One of our carriers at Carthage, Ill., which Mr. PASSMAN. I do not find it pres This item is covered in the committee ls about 14 miles from Keokuk, Iowa, re ent and I just wondered if the gentle hearings beginning on page 366. A look ports that third class mail addressed to him man would not be very happy to follow at the table at the bottom of page 366 from Des Moines on February 8 arrived on up the information by sending this com would indicate at first glance that there March 10-1 month and 2 days later. Again mittee further evidence that the condi has been a reduction of $163,500 in the this mail was probably routed by way of tion prevails on a national basis, for it amount requested by the agency. A Chicago and hauled at least three times as is a situation that cannot be allowed · far by rail and worked through a post office closer look, however, shows that such in a large city, where labor costs are much to exist.· If the gentleman will read was not the case. higher than they would be in almost any the testimony of Postmaster General What first looks like a reduction in the town in Iowa, and as a result was tre Donaldson I think he will find that such amount asked turns out to be a series of mendously delayed. complaints are the exception and not transfers which are listed at the bottom Yesterday, March 12, one of our circula the rule. of page 367, totaling $205,902. Turning tion executives received a piece of third class Mr. GROSS. I do not agree with the over to the top of page 368 of the hear mail that was mailed on February 22 at gentleman, and I would point out that ings, we see in the first paragraph that .Dowagiac, Mich., requiring 2 weeks and 5 as a member of the House Post Office days to reach him from that distance. this item, instead of calling for a de It seems to me the terminal system of post and Civil Service Committee we hear crease of $163,500, actually calls for an office distribution of third-class mail needs from. users of the mail and weigh their increase of $42,402. From this the com investigation from the standpoint of ef experience and evidence with the state mittee has cut $36,000. ficiency and high cost of operation. With ments of the Postmaster General. My amendment will make a further the railroads wanting more pay for haul Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, there are reduction of $248,000, which I think is ing mail, it is not efficiency or economy to no further requests for time. reasonable and fair. haul mail three times the necessary dis tance to reach destination. The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read Mr. NICHOLSON. Mr. Chairman, I pass on this information to you for the bill for amendment. · will the gentleman yield for a question? whatever it may be worth to you. The Clerk read as follows: Mr. DAVIS of Georgia. I yield for a Very truly yours, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY brief question. E. P. SCHWARTZ, SALARIES AND EXPENSES Mr. NICHOLSON. How many em Circulation Manager. For necessary expenses in the Office of the ployees have left the service since the Mr. Chairman, this circuitous rout Secretary, including the bookbindery; the last appropriation bill was passed? ing instead of saving money actually operation and maintenance of the Treasury How many fewer employees are there in costs more money because we are re Building and Annex thereof; and the pur the Postal Department? quired to pay for transportation on the chase of uniforms for elevator operators; Mr. DA VIS of Georgia. I am not re basis of the number of miles the mail $2,648,000. f erring to the postal department. I am is carried. Mr. DA VIS of Georgia. Mr. Chair referring to the office of the Secretary Because of the high standing of the man, I offer an amendment. of the Treasury. man who made this analysis of third The Clerk read as follows: In the Eighty-first Congress Chairman class mail delivery and because the Post Amendment offered by Mr. DAVIS of Geor TOM MURRAY of the House Post Office Office Department has a habit of blam gia: Page 2, line 6, strike out "$2,648,000" and Civil Service Committee appointed ing delays on lack of appropriations I · and insert "$2,400,000." a subco~ittee to investigate overstaff- ·1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2699 ing in the executive departments and Mr. DA VIS of Georgia. I thank the trative Services, including those who agencies. This subcommittee was known distinguished gentleman from Georgia write the purchase orders. The cost of as the Williams . subcommittee, and I for his remarks. the Office of Administrative Services is was a member of it. The subcommittee The statement of the Secretary of the $1,185,000, which is the largest single investigated the Treasury Department Treasury also was accompanied by an item in this paragraph. as part III of its investig·ation of over exhibit from the Bureau of the P'ublic In my opinion such a reduction could staffing in the executive departments Debt, under Mr. Edwiri L. Kilby, Com be made without impairin:s the efficiency and agencies. missioner of Public Debt, which in the of the office at all. A number of recommendations were face of the Secretary of the Treasury's Mr. GARY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in made looking toward more effective uti statement that the recommended reduc opposition to the amendment. lization of employees of the Treasury tions of the Williams subcommittee were Mr. Chairman, this amendment is di Department, and looking toward econ not practical or feasible, made the also rected at one of the most economy omy and efficiency. strange statement that at the time his minded officials of the Federal Govern A copy of the subcommittee's report report was written, there were 85" fewer ment. Our committee has had the full was furnished to the Secretary of the employees in the Bureau than there were est cooperation from the Secretary of Treasury, who was invited to make such at the time the Williams subcommittee the Treasury in all of our efforts to bring reply as he deemed proper. recommendation was made. about economies within the Department. In his reply, the Secretary kicked like Thus we have on the one hand the Sec I will say to the gentleman from a bay steer at the suggested reductions retary of the Treasury emphatically Georgia that not only have :three-hun and other mover toward economy. His stating that no reductions could be made, dred-and-some men been stricken from reply was printed beginning on page 167 while actually accompanying ·his report the rolls in the Department, but the facts of the summary report of the Williams is a statement from the Fiscal Service are that in the Bureau of Internal Reve . subcommittee dated January 1, 1951, pointing out that 381 employees have nue alone, because of the better man and known as part VI. In paragraph 3 been eliminated, and another statement agement procedure which has been in of the Secretary's letter printed on page from the Bureau of the Public Debt stalled there, they-are today saving ap 168 he complained tha.t the Williams pointing out that 85 e'mployees had been proximately 1,000,000 man-hours a year subcommittee recommended a reduction dropped from that Department. in that one ·Bureau. The office of the of 1,575 employees· in the fiscal service This seems to point up the fact that Secretary of the Treasury includes cer without furnishing any reconcilable in when reductions are recommended, and tain other functions this year which formation as to where the cut could be when economies are sought, the first re heretofore have been in separate appro applied. He further stated that what action is to yell, "We have already cut priations. The item now includes the appeared to be definite statements in to the bone. We cannot cut any more." salaries of the Office of th.e Secretary the Williams subcommittee report sim While that yell was actually going up in of the Trearmry; salaries of the Office of ply had no basis in fact when assign this case, somebody slipped 1·p some the General Counsel; the health service ments of responsibilities and functions where, and actually dropped 466 persons program, which is the first-aid program are subjected to orderly analysis. That from the payroll while the strenuous pro in the Treasury buildings; salaries of the statement was made notwithstanding test was being made that none could be Office of Administrative Services; and the fact that on page 92 of the Williams dropped whatever. miscellaneous expense. subcommittee report a table was printed It was in the Treasury Department The Secretary of the Treasury is re in detail showing exactly where the 1,575 also that the Williams subcommittee dis sponsible for the formulation of tax and employees reduction could be effected. closed the information that in the pur fiscal policy. Nothing could be much While the effect of the Secretary's re chase order department of the Treas more important than that function at ply was that there was no basis in fact ury the employees engaged in issuing this time. He is also responsible for the for the suggested reductions, and that purchase orders were issuing a daily management of the public debt; the none could be made, nevertheless there average of two orders each, at an average general management of the department, was attached to his letter, as a part cost per order of $7.06, and that of all which includes the departmental budg thereof, a report from the fiscal service, the purchase orders issued, 40 percent etary, personnel, and administrative headed by Mr. Edward F. Bartelt, Fiscal of them were for items costing under management programs; the successful Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, . $20. administration and management of all printed on page 185 of the summary re The Williams subcommittee also un the programs which the Treasury under port, in which the statement is made earthed the fact that of the employees takes. tpat there were already 381 fewer em engaged in personnel work, the personnel It seems to me it is false economy to ployees in the three bureaus of the fiscal employees of the Treasury Department slash the appropriations of the man who service than there were at the time the had the highest average annual salary is charged with program management Williams subcommittee report was made. rate of any personnel office in the entire and is responsible for efficient and eco This strange statement actually ac survey of the Williams subcommittee. nomical administration. companied the report of the Secretary In that connection, the normal average The committee ·allowed, as has been of the Treasury wherein the position salary for personnal workers is approxi stated, approximately $6,000 more for was taken that the Williams subcommit mately $4,000, while the average salary 1952 than was allowed for 1951, and this tee was all wet, and that actually no for personnel workers in the Treasury in the face of the showing of an in reductions in personnel could be effected. Department is $6,118. creased workload. Frankly, I would not Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the The Will~ams subcommittee investiga undertake to say that this department gentleman yield? tion also disclosed the fact that the em would go to wrack and ruin if this Mr. DAVIS of Georgia. I yield to the ployees of the Treasury Department had amendment were adopted, but I do say gentleman from Georgia. the highest amount of leave or the high that you are taking a chance of impair Mr. COX. I have a friend for whom est leave rate of any agency surveyed by ing ·the administration of the Treasury I have deep respect and in whom I have the Williams subcommittee, the :figure Department if you adopt the proposed great confidence who has been doing being 37.7 days average leave taken per amendment. The committee has al personnel work all his life for big com employee in the Department. This is ready cut $36,000 from their requested panies and for the Government. He is shown in table 10 on page 155 of part VI appropriations. I think to go further generally known as an efficiency man. of the Williams subcommittee report. might be dangerous. He said to me that in the Treasury De The reduction which I am proposing Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I move partment there was a greater waste of by this amendment of $248,000 would to strike out the last word. manpower than perhaps in any other de mean a reduction of approximately 35 Mr. Chairman, I have been spending partment. He said that in one particu to 40 people, and whereas the request is my time the last 2 weeks listening to the lar branch alone there were 2,500 people made for 551 employees in the office of hearings on the special emergency agen employed; that he surveyed the situation the Secretary, the adoption of this cies of the Government like price control and that it was his considered judgment amendment would leave them with 511 and all that sort of thing, and materials the service could be improved by dis to 516. This includes the chauffeurs control. The basis of their remarks is missal of 2,000 of the 2,500. and personnel in the Office of Adminis- that it is absolutely impossible to stop -2700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 inflation unless the Government of the one additional day, which makes 36 days. we should do is to go back and amend United states ceases to infiate, unless the That is the law. Of course the classified the law so as to give them a reasonable Government of the United States puts its Federal employees take advantage of it. amount of vacation time more in keep house in order and balances its budget. If the President of the Standard Oil ing with .what private enterprise allows You can do it but one way, and that is Co. or of any other large company should their personnel. to cut the appropriations. There is not get on the air and say that effective as Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. throughout the length and breadth of of a certain date all employees would Chairman, I move to strike out the last the land a single public office that cannot get 1 month's vacation with pay, you word. take a 10 percent cut in personnel. As would thinl{ either that he had lost his Mr. Chairman, I think the gentleman the gentleman from Georgia advised mind or that he was a great humani from Georgia deserves a great deal of you, this 'cut will cut back only about 60 tarian. credit for offering this amendment. I out of 550 employees. What are you I wonder why we do not really get am supporting it. I have one regret, going to do about it? You have had tax dow:i to something serious and eliminate however, and that is the $248,000 that bills sent up here by the Treasury, not the demagoging and go back to the basic he has earmarked for saving is not pos prepared by experts in taxation but by law and amend that. Let us cut Fed sible at this time to be annotated and some of these smart boys. We ought not eral leave back -:io 20 days anci then let listed so that some of those boys who to allow ourselves to be swayed into be the Federal employees divide that into are making froin ten to twenty thousand lieving that they need all of this per 4 weeks and have a month's vacation dollars base a year, who are listed in the sonnel in the Treasury. I want to see with pay. By doing that you would save Federal Register that all of you get on the Treasury managed effectively and approximately $286,000,000 annually. If your desks, cannot be specifically cut out. efficiently and not wastefully. I want to you make a cut in this particular appro In my opinion the only way we can ever see them have enough personnel to do priation, unless you amend the law, I save real money is to take this Federal business on but not a surplus to play am afraid that the Department will Register and go right down through page _ with. A clear, careful investigation has come back next year and ask for a de after page and eliminate some of these shown that the Treasury Department ficiency appropriation. Without excep ten to twenty thousand dollar salaries can take very substantial cuts. tion they always g~t that deficiency ap that they are making in Government de Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Chairman, will propriation. Go back and look at the partments. They are base salaries at the gentleman yield? cuts that we made for the fiscal year that and their actual paychecks make Mr. TABER. I yielj to the gentleman 1951. Almost without exception these a Congressman's salary look like chicken from Indiana. departments c~me back and their defi feed. You tafk about superfluous jobs. Mr. HALLECK. I just want to say for ciency appropriatiorLs exceeded the Why is it when we start cutting jobs we myself that I, too, realize just how im amount of the cut that we made' in . have to emphasize the custodians, the portant it is ~hat we cut Federal sp8nd committee. So what we should do is janitors, the clerks, the chauffeurs and ing. Likewise, there is a demand in the to go ahead and amend the law and the other small jobs, when unfortunately country that we make substantial cuts. cut .out some of the free time that we some of the high-salaried jobs go unchal The gentleman has referred to a 10-per give to Federal employees. I would vote lenged and nobody ever tries to make any cent cut. Frequently we have had it for a bill, even if I never came back to the cuts there? suggested to us that maybe an across Congress, providing for leave of 20 work Mr· PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the-board percentage cut would be an days. I think that is sufficient. It would the gentleman yield? advisable thing. But generally, in re give every classified civil-service em Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. I yield. spect to such a proposition as that, it is ployee 1 month's vacation. I would like Mr. PASSMAN. Would the gentle urged that there should be a careful to see legislation of that type reported man support legislation which would pruning, item by item, as these bills come out before this Congress recesses. reduce the amount of leave that we are along. Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the giving to classified civil-s~rvice em I listened to the gentleman from gentleman yield? ployees at this time1, so as to cut it from Georgia [Mr. DAVIS] make his statement Mr. PASSMAN. I yield. 5 weeks to 4 weeks? about this proposed amendment of his. Mr. TABER. I agree with the gentle Mr. EDWIN ARTHuR HALL. The gen It seemed to me that he made a good case maa that we ought to reduce the leave, tleman is not even talking about what I for it. We have all talked about econ but the law we passed last year requires am talking about. I cannot answer that. omy. We all say·we are for cutting the the apportionment of the funds which Mr. PASSMAN. Oh, yes; we are talk cost of government. I am not so sure are appropriated so that the funds will ing about economy. but that the time has come to find out carry them through the year, therefore Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. whether we really mean that or whether they have no business incurring any Chairman, I refuse to yield further. it is just talk. deficiency. I am talking about these high salaries -Mr. TABER. If we mean it we will Mr. PASSMAN. Nevertheless they do in Government. I know that they come vote for this amendment. incur deficiencies, and with few excep as a result of political patronage. They Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise tions, if any, the Congress allows the are lush jobs being given out in appoin in opposition to the pro forma amend deficiencies and approves them in ap tive positions to people who have served ment. propriation bills. I re:leat, with few ex in various political campaigns and in · Mr. Chairman, I am tremendously ceptions, if any, the deficiency appro many cases it is their reward. It is their impressed with the move that has been priation will exceed the cuts made by the reward for work well done to put cer inaugurated this afternoon to effect committee last year. tain tickets and certain individuals over. some economy in the Federal Govern Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the I cannot subscribe to that kind of polit ment. I am a member of the Appropria gentleman yield? ical patronage. I have never needed tions Committee serving on the Subcom Mr. PASSMAN. I yield. this to get elected myself. I believe it is mittee on the Treasury and the Post Mr. COX. If the agencies downtown a detriment to any candidate because he Office. Personally, I think we did a very have any sense at all, they will construe serves with his hands tied if elected. I good job in removing some of the fat what is happening here to mean that the am not referring to any political party. from the bill, but I am afraid that we are Congress is not going to look with favor Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the overlooking one very iniportant factor. upon granting them any deficiency ap gentleman yield? , The gentleman from Georgia stated propriation. Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. I yield. that the Williams subcommittee in- Mr. PASSMAN. We are not changing Mr. COX. Does the gentleman not . vestigating the Treasury Department the basic legislation which brings this think the question propounded to him discovered that the average employee question about. If you give the average by the gentleman from Louisiana is per took 37 days leave per year. We know classified Federal employee 26 days an tinent and tests the good faith of what that that is entirely too much, but you nual 1eave, plus 15 days sick leave and the gentleman is saying? know and I know that it is the personnel you give them time off for all holidays, Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. No. law that all classified Federal employees and when it gets a little bit too .warm The gentleman from New York is talk earn 26 working days ·1eave annually. during the summertime, naturally you ing about the amendment which the They fit 5 of those_days into 5 separate have to have additional personnel to do gentleman from Georgia [Mr. DAVIS] weeks. 7 times 5 is 35. Then they have the amount of work required. What just. offered, and he is supporting it. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2701 He is very glad to support it, but the studies a~d in their reports on their showing the expenditures and that they unfortunate part of the whole thing is studies did not call before the commit are mixing up their expenditures and that we cannot earmark some of those tee the Secretary of the Treasury or his their receipts in such a way that you can executive jobs for the slaughterhouse. aides, but relied entirely upon the find tell nothing about your Treasury state I think that if we are ever going to exer ings of two investigators. ment. There is $500,000,000 of the same cise economy in Government we cannot Mr. KEATING. Mr. Chairman, will sort of thing in the RFC. · star+- picking on the little jobs, with the gentleman yield? As a result in these two items alone. salaries from $1,500 to $3,000. In order Mr_ CANFIELD. I yield to the gentle the expenditures stated as $28,000,000,- to save money you have got to attack man from New York. 000 are over $2,000,000,000 below what the big jobs and eliminate some of the Mr. KEATING. On page 24 of the re they actually are, and you cannot tell deadwood that you have in the upper port there appears to be nothing show a single thing about your financial struc brackets in Government. I will give you ing what the appropriation for this item ture and your rate of expenditure and an example. Back home a private busi was last year and how this compares whether or not you are balancing the ness, a certain big corporation, employed with last year's appropriations. Per budget. Because · they are doing things the Robert Heller experts to streamline haps I just do not understand where it is. that way, doing things unnecessarily their business and bring about efficiency Mr. CANFIELD. It appears on page that way, it takes much more work to and economy. They did this by elimi 24, Office of the Secretary. do it than it would to do it right and nating a great many of the small jobs, Mr. TABER. If the gentleman will put down the expenditures and the re necessary jobs for the running of the yield to me on that, I think I can ex ceipts separately. Because they are business. Then what did they do? plain it. The figures ran for these eight doing that they are wasting help and , They lined the upper bracket jobs, cre outfits that are included herein about they can take a cut of 10 percent with ated several new positions of $15,000 to $3,000,000. But there is a lot of money out any trouble at all. $20,000 executives at the expense and that has been transferred into other Now, I like to see the Government do elimination of many small jobs so that places so that the total over-all was not its job ·right, and when they are not the sum total of the savings was com quite so much as the budget estimate doing it right it is time for us to do our paratively small after everybody got that was presented here; it is about best to correct it, and the only way we through and the new jobs were given $22,684,000. have of correcting it is by reducing the out. Mr. KEATING. How does that com appropriations down to the point where I cannot subscribe to savings of that pare for last year? they will not be able to muddle up their kind. · Mr. CANFIELD. The summary ap figures the way they are. It would be ·I am going along with the amendment pears on page 24. twice as easy for them and it would ·take that the gentleman from Georgia has Mr. TABER. Two million six hundred only half of the help to do it right. Let introduced. I know that it is not ger and thirty-four thousand dollars. us make them do it right. Let us adopt mane at this time for him to be able to Mr. CANFIELD. It shows a cut of this amendment anct save the money. specify these various jobs for elimina $41 ,000. Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, will the tion; I am sorry that he cannot do it, The CHAIRMAN. The question is on gentleman yield? but it would be declared out of order by the amendment offered by the gentleman Mr. TABER. I yield to the gentle the Chair. However, it is a gesture, and from Georgia [Mr. DAVIS]. man from Georgia. it is certainly a step in the right direc The question was taken; and on a Mr. COX. The bill that we are now · tion to start saving money in the Treas division World War I as a second lieutenant, tion of both Foreign Service and depart he i:;erved effectively on the important in World War II as a full colonel. Mr. mental employees. I have looked into Combined Civil Affairs Committee of Hoffman prevailed upon him to head the this matter very carefully, and I am the Combined Chiefs of Staff, and as important industries branch of ECA in satisfied that the personnel improvement Minister and Counselor of Embassy in Paris. He accepted his present post as program is intelligent, logical, and a per London. In 1947, after a long and ex Assistant Secretary of State for Euro fectly honest and conscientious attempt ceptionally outstanding career as a pean Affairs at a great financial sacrifice to improve the work of this Government diplomat capable of handling any as because he felt it his patriotic duty to in the field of foreign affairs. signment in the Foreign Service, Mr. serve his country in time of crisis once The gentleman from Illinois has Matthews was confirmed as Ambassador again. charged that the Secretary of State is to Sweden. He was recalled from this Sixth. Willard Thorp, Assistant Secre attempting to make himself a ·dictator important post last year to become the tary, Economic Affairs: Mr. Thorp, a in the field of personnel administration, Deputy Under Secretary of State doctor of philosophy in economics, first and alleges the plot is to throw wide the charged with coordinating the foreign entered the Government in 1923. Be doors to patronage and favoritism in political affairs of the Department. tween that time and 1945, he served in making appoil;ltments in Foreign Serv Matthews has the well-earned reputa various Government capacities, as a pro ice. He has alleged that by clever tion of being one of this country's most fessor, and as a successful businessman. maneuvering the Secretary of State has knowledgeable and distinguished ca He was appointed Deputy Assistant brought his stooges into 19 of the 20 reer diplomats. Secretary for Economic Affairs under top jobs of the State Department, and Third. Carlisle H. Humelsine, Deputy Secretary of State Stettinius; Assistant I say to you that this charge is reckless, Under Secretary of State: Mr. Humel Secretary for Economic Affairs under unfair, and has no basis in fact. I sine, after graduating from college, be Secretary of State Byrnes; continued as would like to list about 30 of the top came assistant to the president of the Assistant Secretary under Secretary of jobs in the State Department-I will not University of Maryland. During the· State Marshall and now Secretary of stop at 20-and let you decide whether war he was a colonel of the General . State Acheson. Mr. Thorp is more than these men are stooges ·of the Secretary. Staff, serving with distinction in the War one of this country's best economists; he I might remark that outstanding among Department and two theaters of opera is a skillful negotiator and a far-sighted these top places are outstanding citi tion. He was awarded the Distinguished and astute planner. He is also as much zens from North and South Carolina, Service Medal. After ·the war he joined at home with international political and if Secretary Acheson has maneu the State Department as Director of problems as he is with the economic vered them into these top jobs, I con the Office of Departmental Administra problems. Mr. Thorp, by the way, was sider that he has done a most patriotic tion when Mr. Byrnes was Secretary of the Director of the Bureau of Foreign deed for his country. State. When General Marshall be and Domestic Commerce during the I list herewith the top men under the came Secretary of State, Mr. Humel Hoover administration. Secretary of State in their ranking sine was given the mission of organizing Seventh. Henry A. Byroade, Director order in respect to the gentleman from and directing the executive secretariat, of the Bureau of German Affairs: Colonel Illinois' statements that Mr. Acheson which has proven to be one of the most Byroade is a Regular Army officer who is had brought his stooges into 19 of· the significant organizations of the De on loan to the State Department from 20 top jobs in the State Department. partment. Mr. Humelsine served as the Army. Colonel Byroade has a bril First. Hon. James E. Webb, Under Sec director of the executive secretariat liant war record and was one of the retary of State: An outstanding citizen until he became Jack Peurifoy's deputy youngest generals in the World War II. not only of North Carolina but until he last spring. He succeeded Mr. Peuri His reputation for politico-strategic came into the Government an outstand foy as Deputy Under Secretary when planning is respected in military and dip ing success in the business world. You the latter became Ambassador to lomatic circles both in the United States may know of his brilliant achievement Greece. Mr. Humelsine is as near a and in other countries. in organizing the Sperry Corp., for this career public servant as you can become Byroade has distinguished himself in company grew from 800 men to 30,000 and still occupy a political job. this country and abroad in his handling men, and gained widespread recognition Fourth. John Dewey Hickerson, As of the German problem. He came into as one of the best organized and operated sistant Secretary, UN Affairs: Jack the Department when General Marshall corporations in America. Jim Webb left Hickerson is another career Foreign was Secretary of State. his position as vice president of .the Service officer, a Texan, and a Republi E.ighth. Thomas E. Cabot, Director, Sperry Corp. to enter the marines during can. He entered the Foreign Service in International Security Affairs: Mr. Cabot the war. He served as a marine officer 1920 as a lowly clerk in the consular has been a distinguished Boston busi until he was called into the Treasury service. Through outstanding ability he nessman for years. He is a former pres Department in a high position in 1945, worked his way up to the position he ident of the United Fruit Co. and a for and was brought here by our beloved holds today-Assistant Secretary for mer member of the board of this com North Carolinian, Hon. 0. Max Gardner. United Nations Affairs. Hickerson's ex pany. He has had a great deal of ex He was next made Director of the Bureau perience has been comprehensive and perience in dealing with other countries of the Budget, and his work there was varied. He is an expert in international and has an enviable reputation for get proof of his ability. With Jim Webb organizations and international aviation, ting things done. He was brought into at the helm the Bureau of the Budge~ as well as an authority on Europe, South the Department to supervise the NATO 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2709 operation and to administer the Mutual general counsel of the Atomic Energy importance of which grows daily, is the Defense Assistance Act-a very tough as Commission. He reentered tbe Depart direct result of the imaginative, force signment in view of the requirement to ment of State as legal adviser in June ful and able execution of every assign stimulate the enthusiastic cooperation 1949. Incidentally, Fisher was a Phi Beta ment Mr. McGhee has been given in of so many nations. Mr. Cabot, inci Kappa at Princeton and captain of the the Department. His success in his dentally, is also a Republican. Princeton football team. / present position testifies to the wisdom Ninth. Jack McFall, assistant secre Fourteenth. W. Park Armstrong, Jr., of the choice. tary, congressional relations: Jack Mc special assistant, Intelligence: After a Seventeenth. Edward G. Miller, As Fall was well known to many of us long successful career in the investment sistant- Secretary, Inter-American Af before he became an Assistant Secretary banking field from 1929 to 1942 Mr. fairs: Mr. Miller, a lawyer of ability, en of State. He is a career Foreign Service Armstrong joined the Board of Eco tered the Department of State in 1941 officer who, before joining the Foreign nomic warfare during the early stages when Mr. Hull was Secretary of State. Service, was clerk of the House Appro of the war. Shortly, however, he was He rose through the ranks to become a priations Committee .. commissioned in the Army Intelligence, Special Assistant to Acheson when he Tenth. Charles E. Bohlen, counselor: serving with distinction as an Intelli was Assistant Secretary under Secre Mr. Bohlen is a career minister in the gence officer until 1946. He entered the tary Stettinius. Later he became Spe Foreign Service. He has been a distin Department o.f State as an intelligence cial Assistant to Acheson when the latter guished career officer for 22 years and is adviser in July 1946 when Mr. Byrnes was made Under Secretary during Mr. one of the foremost experts on the soviet was Secretary. He was named to his Byrnes' regime as Secretary of State. and world communism. He has held present post by Secretary Marshall in Mr. Miller reentered private law prac high posts in many of our embassies recognition of his outstanding ability for tice briefly. In June 1949, however, as including London, Paris, Berlin, and planning, directing, and coordinating in a matter of patriotic duty in face of the Moscow-as well as in the Department. telligence activities. The post of Special emergency and at considt:rable financial Bohlen was also counselor when Gen Assistant for Intelligence is comparable sacrifice, he returned from the firm of eral Marshall was Secretary of State. to that of an Assistant Secretary of Eullivan and Cromwell to the Depart Moreover, he has been adviser to five State. ment to assume his present post. Secretaries of state. Fifteenth. Edward W. Barrett, Assist Eighteenth. Henry G. Bennett, Ad Elever.. th. George F. Kennan, former ant Secretary for Public Affairs: Mr. ministrator. of the Technical Coopera counselor: Mr. Kennan is also a career Barrett entered the Department of State tion, point 4: Dr. Bennett is known to Foreign Service officer of distinction. He after 20 years of journalistic experience, and respected by many Members of this· is now on sabbatical leave from the De gained through over 15 years with a House. After a distinguished career in partment and is studying at the Institute leading weekly news magazine and work secondary and university education in of Advanced Studies at Princeton. Mr. with newspapers and in radio. He also Oklahoma, Dr. Bennett served as presi Kennan is one of the most brilliant brought to his present highly important dent of the Oklahoma A & M from 1928 thinkers of our time and until recently post the experience of several years of until he was named to take over the held the position of counselor in the De top-level work in the Office of War In point 4 program some months ago. partment. He is the author of the fa formation and as a member of the That Dr. Bennett was named to run the mous Mr. X article, which depicted the Psychological Warfare Branch of the highly important point 4 program augurs treacherous and sinister nature of Soviet Allied Forces Headquarters in North well for the administration of this pro directed world communism. Under Sec Africa. He also has considerable experi gram. That Dr. Bennett accepted this retary of State Marshall he became the ence in the management phase of news position was a fine thing for the Gov first Director of the Policy Planning Staff, paper and magazine publication. This ernment and the country, as well as for an organization the general established record of achievement in fields in which the Department of State. Henry Ben to assure long-range foreign-policy plan he now advises the Secretary of State nett got the position he now holds for ning'. plus his driving energy and initiative the reason that he has made a tremen Twelfth. Dean Rusk, Assistant Secre bear witness to his fitness for his State dous record over the years as the head tary for Far Eastern Affairs: After a most Department job. of an important land grant college. impressive education and university Sixteenth. George C. McGhee, Assist DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARIES teaching experience, Mr. Rusk entered ant Secretary for Near Eastern, South Now let us look very briefly at the the Army in December 1940. His World Asian, and African Affairs: Mr. McGhee, backgrounds of all of the Deputy Assist War II service lasted until early 1946. as you may know, is a successful busi ant Secretaries-the No. 2 men: He distinguished himself in intelligence, nessman who started his career in the Nineteenth. Livingston Merchant, operational, and planning assignments Texas oil fields as a young man without Deputy Assistant Secretary for Far East in the Burma campaigns and in t:P.e War funds but with a determination to suc ern Affairs: Career Foreign Service Department. He entered the Depart ceed. By the time he was 30 he was officer. ment in February 1946, when Mr. Byrnes a phenomenal success. Then he turned Twentieth. Burton Berry, Deputy As was Secretary. After serving as a Spe to his life-long ambition-to serve his sistant Secretary for the Near East and cial Assistant to the Secretary of War country. So he entered the Govenment Africa: Career Foreign Service officer. in 1946 and early 1947, he returned to in 1941, working first in the Office of Twenty-first. James Bonbright, Dep the State Department as Director of the Production Management and then in the uty Assistant Secretary for European Office of Special Political Affairs. A short War Production Board. · Soon he was Affairs: Career Foreign Service officer. time later Secretary of State Marshall commissioned in the Navy and rose to Twenty-second. Thomas Mann, Dep appointed him Director of UN Affairs, the rank of lieutenant commander, serv uty Assistant Secretary for Inter-Amer an assignment he executed with excep ing with distinction in the Pacific opera ican Affairs: Career Foreign Service tional ability. He was made Assistant tions. When he entered the Department officer. Secretary in February 1949, and later in of State on January 2, 1946, as a special assistant in the Office of the Assistant Twenty-third. Geoffrey Lewis, Deputy March of last year was given the critical Director of the Bureau of German Af Far East post he now holds. Mr. Rusk Secretary of Economic Affairs, Mr. . Byrnes was Secretary. McGhee's driving fairs: Career civil servant. is one of the most outstanding, truly bril Twenty-fourth. Durward Sandifer, liant men in public· service today. energy and pronounced ability soon earned him the position of special assist Deputy Assistant Secretary for United Thirteenth. Adrian S; Fisher, legal ad ant to the Under Secretary for Economic Nations A:f!airs: Career civil servant. viser: Mr. Fisher ·has held a series of Twenty-fifth. Ben Hill Brown, Dep. high legal posts in the Government since Affairs. Later, under Secretary of State Marshall, he undertook, with a degree of uty Assista~t Secretary for Cong res. 1939. He entered the Department of success which is a matter of common sional Relations: Career civil servant. State in April 1941 when Mr. Hull was knowledge to the Congress and the rest Twenty-sixth. Howland Sargeant, Secretary and resigned in May 1942 to of the free world, the direction of the aid Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public enter the Air Force, serving as a combat programs. for Greece and Turkey, in Affairs: Career civil servant. navigator and a war crimes prosecutor. 1947. ·His appointment to his present Twenty-seventh. Walter K. Scott,, After World War II he served as Solici job as Assistant Secretary for an area Deputy Assistant Secretary for Adi:nin toi· of the Department of Commerce and the tremendous political and strategic istration: Career civil servant. , . 2710 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 Twenty-eighth. Fisher Howe, Deputy than I who know the State Department sion at that time was Dean Acheson, who Special Assistant for Intelligence: Career inside and aut, looking at it from an ob was then in the private practice of law. civil servant. jective standpoint it is an orderly process· When he later became Secretary of Twenty-ninth. Jack Tate, deputy legal of improvement. State he carried out all the recommenda adviser: Career civil servant. I would like also to add that I did not tions of the Hoover Commission in re Thirtieth. Harold Linder, Deputy As include the name of Hon. William D. organizing the Department of State with sistant Secretary for Economic Affairs: Pauley, former Ambassador . to Brazil, one major exception. That major ex Recently appointed to the Department, and a native South Carolinir,n, and who ception was recommendation No. 20- Mr. Linder has extensive experience in has just returned to the State Depart Foreign Affairs, a report to the Congress economics, particularly finance. He was ment from private business to be a spe by the Commission on Organization of president of an important investment cial assistant to the Secretary. He is the Executive Branch of the Govern banking house. one of the outstanding career men in ment, February 18, 1949, page 61-which Thirty-first. Charles A. Coolidge, Dep this country. If people like that are reads: uty Director· of International Security bringing in stooges, as the gentleman The personnel in tJ;le permanent State De Affairs: Recently appointed to this im has charged, then I wish to Heaven we partment establishment in Washington and portant post, Mr. Coolidge is widely had more of them in Government. the personnel of the Foreign Service above known as one of New England's most dis Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. Speaker, will certain levels should be amalgamated over a tinguished lawyers. short period of years into a single foreign the gentleman yield? affairs service obligated to serve at home or In passing I should like to call atten Mr. CHATHAM. I yield. overseas and constituting a safeguarded tion to the record of another officer of Mr. MANSFIELD. I wish to commend career group administered separately from high position in the Department, the gentleman from North Carolina for the general civil service. especially since this officer is the· Secre the fair statement he has just made. tary's spokesman with the press. I wish again to call to the attention of The report of the Commission explains at some length why this is a desirable Michael J. McDermott, special as the House the fact that the gentleman recommendation. Its recommendation sistant to the Secretary of State for now addressing this body is the chair- was based primarily on the report of the press relations: Secretary Acheson is man of the subcommittee in charge of the ninth Secretary of State for whom this particular aspect of the affairs of Task Force on Foreign Affairs of the Mr. McDermott has worked. Mr. Mc the state Department. Hoover Commission, which presented a Dermott entered Government service, Mr. Speaker, in the light of recent re.. preliminary report on Foreign Affairs in the War Department and the Execu marks made by the gentleman from Illi- and which made exactly the same recom- tive Office of the White House, in July mendation. nois [Mr. BUSBEY] about the so-called The gentleman from Illinois will be in- 1917. He entered the Department of Rowe-Ramspeck report recommending State in August of 1920 when Mr. Colby an amalgamation in the Department of terested to know that the two members was Secretary of State, back when they on that task force group were two Re paid junior officers $1,600. Secretaries state of the Foreign Service and the publicans who had been Assistant Secre- departmental service and a directive by taries of State in the administration of Kellogg and Stimson saw :ftt to promote the Secretary of State on this subject, him. When Mr. McDermott became it is my desire, in the light of certain Herbert Hoover. special assistant to the Secretary on misconceptions about this matter, to pre- They were Harvey Bundy, a partner in press matters, it was Cordell Hull who sent to the House certain facts concern-. the conservative Boston firm of Choate, named him to this post, and he has held ing it. Hall & Stewart, who was also an assistant this high position under four Secretaries I do not wish at this time to state a to the Secretary of War in World War II, of State. personal point of view about either the and James Grafton Rogers of New York, ·· Could one conclude from this record Rowe-Ramspeck report or the Acheson President of the Foreign Bondholders that Mr. Acheson is rewarding his friends directive because I have not sufficiently Council, and a former deputy director of with State Department posts. If such a studied this old and complex problem to OSS. conclusion can be drawn, I can only say have a point of view. The adviser to the task force was the that the Secretary has a singularly apt The gentleman from Illinois has stated late Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of State group of old friends. . under President Hoover and Secretary tha t there is a sinister and clever plot to of War under President Franklin Roose Could one conclude from this record ruin the Foreign Service. If I am cor- that party patronage has dominated the rect in my interpretation he even darkly velt and President William Howard Taft. appointment of Assistant Secretaries hints that there may be something sub- He endorsed the task force report. and comparable officials. I say such a versive about it. The 12 members of the Hoover Com- conclusion would be difficult indeed in If that is so, I think the gentleman mission were unanimously in favor of view of the overwhelming number of from Illinois will be even more shocked this recommendation. Besides Herbert career civil servants, career Foreign when he learns that the most active Hoover and Clarence Brown, there were, Service officers, and Republicans in among others on the Commission, For- volved. group fomenting this sinister plot are mer Representative Carter Manasco, of I hope that the Department's demon the leaders of his own party. Alabama, Former Ambassador to London strated policy of selecting the best man He will find, if he cares to explore the Joseph Kennedy, whose views on foreign for the job will allay the gentleman's subject, that the amalgamation of the policy, although he is a Democrat, are concern that the Foreign Service will be Foreign Service with the departmental probably more acceptable to the gentle emasculated by politics and favoritism. service in the State Department is being man from Illinois [Mr. BUSBEY] than I would like further to say to the actively pushed by the only living former those of Dean Acheson; George Mead, a Members of Congress that these pro President of the United States, Herbert Republican industrialist and business- Hoover. He will find that a proponent f t posed changes which can be mad~ under in this I:Iouse is the Honorable CLARENCE man o the Middle Wes ; Senator JOHN the law as it now stands will be brought BROWN of Ohio. He will find that in the McCLELLAN of Arkansas and Professor before the Committee on Foreign Affairs other House standing foremost among James Pollock, a Republican who is and the Committee on Foreign Relations the group supporting this amalgamation chairman of the government depart of the other body, and any other changes are senator TAFT of Ohio and senator .ment at the University of Michigan and that are proposed will be brought before the Congress if enacting legislation is JoE McCARTHY of Wisconsin. who was appointed to the Hoover Com- needed. There is no secret about this I will call the roll of all these names mission by Senator VANDENBERG. Inci thing. It has been talked about and in just a moment. But first for a bit of dentally, it is my understanding that planned, as I have said. It is a logical history. Senator VANDENBERG has been vitally carrying out, step by step, of the recom One of the reports of the Commission interested in the question of amalgama mendations of the Hoover Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch, tion. and of. the Ramspeck-Rowe committee, better known as the Hoover Commission, Despite this impressive background of and certainly from all I have seen of it was its report on foreign affairs. The support, Dean Acheson hesitated to put and from people who are better qualified Vice Chairman of the Hoover Commis- this recommendation into effect when 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2711 he became Secretary of State. I assume the fact that Francis Adams Truslow, In view of some of the remarks made· he did so because he was disturbed by who was President of the New York curb on this fioor, I wish to make a statement the possible e:trect on morale of his em Exchange until 2 weeks ago, appeared about Mr. Rowe, whom I have known ployees. Incidentally, the late Secre before the Rowe-Ramspeck committee for 25 years. The statement speaks for tary of Defense, James Forrestal, a mem· last spring vigorously supporting a single itself. ber of the Commission, favored the rec service. Mr. Rowe was born in Butte, Mont., in ommendation but stated he feared the It is my understanding that the so 1909, the son of James H. and Josephine effect on morale of the employees. called Rowe-Ramspeck report has been Sullivan Rowe. He at.tended Santa Secretary Acheson for many months studied since July 1950 throughout the Clara College, a Jesuit university in had the problem carefully studied within Department by many individuals, both in California, Harvard College, and Har the Department. Still dissatisfied he the Foreign Service and in the depart vard Law School. decided to appoint an outside committee mental cervice. It has also been studied After several positions as an attorney to study this and related personnel prob by the other agen,cies in the departments in various Government departments he lems. of the Government interested in foreign became Administrative Assistant to It is clear from the appointments that affairs. Whatever their reasons these President Roosevelt early in 1939. After Secretary Acheson attempted to bring advisers have convinced the Secretary of 3 years in the White House he was several different points of view to the State once more that there should be no nominated by President Roosevelt to be work. Mr. James Rowe, for instance, amalgamation, and despite the miscon the Assistant to the Attorney General, had been a member of the Hoover Com ceptions and statements already made it the position now known as Deputy At m1ss1on. He was not appointed by the is clear that the forthcoming directive torney General, in the Department of administration, but was an appointee of of the Secretary of State, while it in Justice, and served there during the first this House. He was nominated by the cludes a number of personnel reforms, 2 years of 'world War IT. Among present minority leader, the Honora~le does not, and I repeat not, call for amal other things he was in charge of Alien JOSEPH MARTIN, who was, at the time the gamation. Enemy Control during part of that Hoover Commission was created, the I do not know whether Rowe and period. Speaker of the House. He had been rec Ramspeck are right or Acheson is right. In May 1943 he resigned as Assistant ommended to the then Speaker by the I am stating only the facts centering Attorney General to become a lieutenant leader of the then minority party, the around this problem. ' junior grade in the Navy. He spent the Honorable SAM RAYBURN. He served, There has been one other recent de rest of the war in the Pacific, serving on therefore, on the Hoover Commission, velopment. Last week, on March 15 a three different aircraft carriers, the fa .. as I have said, as a representative of this resolution was introduced in the Senate. mous Essex, the Ticonderoga, and the House. That resolution is Senate Concurrent Suwan ~e. He participated in all the Another member of the State Depart Resolution 19. It requests the Secretary major battles of the Pacific after the ment Committee was the Honorable of State to submit to the Congress within Marshalls, including the landings at Hol Robert Ramspeck who is well known to 90 days after its adoption a plan for landia; New Guinea; Saipan, Tinian, and all of you through his many years of amalgamation of the personnel of the Guam; Halmahera; the battle of Leyte service in this House and who is the departmental service and the personnel Gulf; Okinawa, and took part in the last new Chairman of the Civil Service Com- of the Foreign Service "into a single For 2 months of carrier strikes against the . m1ss10n. He was selected because of eign Affairs Career Service, administered main islands of Japan. When the war his long background and experience in separately from the general civil service" ended he was 50 miles off Tokyo with the Government personnel problems. as recommended by the Hoover Commis famous Task Force Fifty Eight. A third member was William E. De sion. Two of the sponsors of Resolution During the battle of Leyte Gulf his car Courcy, a brilliant Foreign Service offi 19 are Senator TAFT and Senator JoE rier, the Suwanee, was struck by the first cer of more than 30 years' of experience McCARTHY. kamikaze suicide p!ane of the war. He in and devotion to the Foreign Service, Other Republican Senators who are was later decorated for his conduct at whose present post is Ambassador to sponsoring this resolution which carries that time in putting out the resulting Haiti. out the recommendation of the Hoover This committee studied this problem Commission and also of the Rowe-Ram fire on his ship by taking a fire hose into of amalgamation for 6 months begin speck report are DIRKSEN, of Illinois; the middle of.exploding ammu_nition. ning in December 1949. FERGUSON, of Michigan; IVES, of New As a Naval Reserve officer he is entitled It conducted many separate studies. York, LODGE, of Massachusetts; DUFF, of to wear eight battle stars, two Presi It held hearings for many weeks, listen Pennsylvania; AIKEN, of Vermont; and dential citations, the Naval Commenda tion Ribbon, the Philippine Liberation ing to more than 70 exp~ts, including SMITH of New Jersey. many departmental officials, numerous Democratic Senators sponsoring the Ribbon, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon, the ambassadors and Foreign Service of same resolutions are Senators McCLEL American Defense Ribbon, and the Vic ficers, representatives from other Gov LAN, BENTON, DOUGLAS, HUMPHREY, LEH tory Ribbon. ernment agencies concerned with for MAN, and O'CONOR. Since the war he has been practicing eign affairs, political scientists and dip It is clear from this nonpartisan list law in Washington with the exception of lomats from other countries. Inciden of Senators and from the membership of his service as a member of the Hoover tally, only the United States and Siam Herber·t Hoover, Joe Kennedy, and Dean Commission, on which he sat as a nom have a separate foreign service and a Acheson on the Hoover Commission inee of the House, appointed by Speaker separate home service handling foreign that views on foreign policy do not have JOE MARTIN. affairs. All other nations have a single anything to do with the resolution on In the last Congress he served this service. The Rowe-Ramspeck committee amalgamation. House as counsel of its Campaign Ex· also circulated 2,200 questionnaires to The Citizens Committee on the Hoover penditures Committee. dapartmental and Foreign Service em Report, a nonpartisan group, are work Mr. RIBICOFF. Mr. Speaker, will ployees. A large majority of these em ing actively for a single foreign affairs the gentleman yield? / ployees believe a single foreign affairs service. Mr. CHATHAM. I yield. service is the best thing for the United Secretary Acheson apparently is Mr. RIBICOFF. As I understand the States. against amalgamation for two reasons: situation, many of these proposed It submitted its report to the Secre The departmental employees fear that changes come within the 1946 act and tary of State in June 1950. Since that they will be sent abroad; the Foreign the 1949 act, and those changes that time there has been no action on the Service personnel fe~r that their corps report until very recently. will be destroyed. For purposes of mo come within the act will be placed into I understand, l:owever, that former rale the Secretary of State apparently effect in accordance with the provisions President Hoover has seen the Rowe agrees with them and opposes the im of law. Is that correct? Ramspeck report and has described it as posing group listed above. Both the Mr. CHATHAM. That is correct. a fine job. Also, in view of Mr. BusBEY's Hoover Commission and the Rowe Mr. RIBICOFF. There are certain previous career in the investment busi Ramspeck Committee insist their fears prov1s1ons ·which are recommended, ness, I am sure he will be impressed by are groundless. which will require new legislation and 2712 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 under orderly procedure, as I under lip service to the recommendations of Undersecretary of the Treasury Wiggins stand the situation, these recommenda the Hoover Report, and yet every time a who testified as follows: tions will come before the Committee on recommendation comes down which · Question (by Mr. Knutson): It has been Foreign Affairs in the form of various seeks to put the Hoover report into frequently suggested that tax exemption now bills and hearings will be held in the effect it immediately brings vigorous granted certain cooperatives be removed. Committee on Foreign Affairs and then opposition. Much of the opposition "' • • Assuming that all cooperatives the ·bill will be reported to the House. comes from those who shout the loudest were placed on the same footing as far as taxation is concerned, about how much Each and every Member of the House of about economy. would that amount to in increased revenue Representatives will have a chance to These recommendations seek to carry in the Treasury? st:udy and debate and then vote upon out partially the recommendations of Answer (by Mr. Wiggins): It is very diffi those recommendations, is that cor the Hoover report. I believe it be- · cult to determine that, Mr. Chairman, be rect? hooves the House to study this report cause of the various d ... vices that might be Mr. CHATHAM. That is correct. The and·pass upon the recommendations not · used, but ~ t would run somewhere, we figure, gentleman is exactly correct. only for the. benefit of the economy of between ten million and twenty million a Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, will our country but also the foreign service year. the gentleman yield? of our Nation. At a more recent date Mr. Colin Stam, Mr. CHATHAM. I yield. Mr. CHATHAM. I thoroughly agree chief counsel of the Joint Committee on Mr. RICHARDS. It is my under with the gentleman. Internal Revenue Taxation, stated to standing that these proposals have been SPECIAL ORDER the Ways and Means Committee that in or will be brought not only before the his opinion the loss of revenue from the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the The SPEAKER. Under previous or removal of the exemption of taxation House, but the Committee on Foreign der of the House, the gentleman from from cooperatives would not exceed $18.- Relations of the other body as well as New York [Mr. REED] is recognized for 000,000. Secretary Snyder testified on the Committee on Appropriations of 30 minutes. cross-examination following the presen both House and Senate. Mr. REED of New York. Mr. tation of the Truman tax bill that the That is my understanding. Speaker-- removal of the tax exemption on cooper There is one other thing, the gentle Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, will atives would not exceed $25,000,000. man mentioned the 1946 reorganization the gentleman yield? . The National Tax Equality Associa bill. I had the honor of serving on the Mr. REED of New York. I yield to tion has been sailing under false colors. subcommittee that shaped up the act the gentleman from Pennsylvania. On November 25, 1947, Ben C. McCabe, along with the distinguished chairman, [Mr. VAN ZANDT addressed the House then president of the National Tax Judge KEE, who was the author of the and requested that his remarks appear Equality Association, testified before the bill, also the distinguished gentleman in the Appendix to the RECORD. J Ways and Means Committee and stated: from Ohio [Mr. VoRYSJ. I know of no (Mr. REED of New York asked and As you have been previously informed, bill which has come from the Foreign .was given permission to revise and ex NTEA is devoted solely to research and Affairs Committee with more unanimous tend his remarks and include extra educational activities and no deviation from support on both sides than the Kee Act. neous matter and tables.) these limitations is permitted either by the This proposal by the Secretary of State association charter or by vote of its directors. NATIONAL TAX EQUALITY ASSOCIATION is in harmony and in line with the basic Was this statenient true or false? Let principles of the Kee Act. Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, the Tax Court answer. Thl! court found Mr. CHATHAM. The gentleman is an unscrupulous racket, known as the as late as November 1, 1950-3 months exactly right. National Tax Equality Association, has ago-that- Mr. RIBICOFF. Mr. Chairman, will been in operation for some time, direct ing its vicious propaganda against the NTEA was organized and primarily oper the gentleman yield further? ated from its inception for the carrying of Mr. CHATHAM. I yield. farm cooperatives. To get contributions propaganda with the ultimate objective being Mr. RIBICOFF. I understood, the from businessmen, this racketeering or a revision in the tax structure. gentleman from Illinois was complain ganization has propagandized business ing about the Department's meticu men with false statements to the effect This racketeering NTEA, to get money, lously following legislative procedure. that if farm cooperatives were taxed and led their contributors to believe that the The reason lhat the directive was not not exempted the revenue to the Govern contribution made would be deductible in released publicly was that the Depart ment would amount annually to over computing· gross income under section 23 ment felt that it was their duty first $800,000,000. This is, of course, abso (a) (1) (A) or 23 (g) (2) of the Internal to disclose and discuss the recommen lutely false and nothing more nor less Revenue Code. dations wi.th the Foreign Affairs Com than getting money under false pre What motivated the National Tax mittee of the House, the Foreign tenses. To spread such falsehood Equality Association not to register un Relations Committee of the Senate, and through the United States mails to get der the Lobbying Act and report quar~ the proper appropriations subcommit contributions for the racketeering outfit terly to the Congress during 1947 and tees of both the House and the Senate, is a fraudulent use of the United States 1948 and to def er such compliance un and then after that consultation they mails. This outfit of racketeers known der the law until 1949? were going to release this report to the as the Tax Equity Association has led Why has the National Tax Equality public and make it available to anyone honest businessmen to believe that their Association misled and deceived their who desired a copy. contributions were deductible from gross contributors into believing that they Mr. CHATHAM. That is exactly income as an ordinary and necessary could, under the law, deduct their con right, and I would add further that had business expense with reference to their tributions to NTEA from gross income not the State Department acted as they Federal income-tax return. This has under section 23 (a) or 23 (g) of the did I think they would have been ·dere misled contributors to deduct their con Internal Revenue Code? Because it lict in their duty under the Hoover re tributions from their gross income, was thought to be an inducement to busi port and also the Rowe-Ramspeck Re which, unless the internal-revenue nessmen to contribute. port. They are working it out in a agents check the contributors' income Thus this unscrupulous National Tax Equality Association has caused their proper manner and I am proud of what tax returns, the failure to do so will re is being done. I think it will make for contributors to escape payment of taxes sult in substantial amounts of revenue to which the Government is entitled. better foreign relations and a more able being lost to the Treasury of the United Foreign Affairs Bureau of the State De The NTEA that is shedding propaganda partment which, of course, is the most States. As I have asserted, the statement crocodile tears over alleged lost revenae important bureau of the State Depart that farm cooperatives and other co has aided and abetted their contributors ment. operatives are escaping $800,000,000 or to escape taxation. What unadulter Mr. RIBICOFF. Mr. Chairman, will more in Federal income taxes is false. ated hypocrisy in the light of the fact the gentleman yield further? What are the facts? Let us hear from that NTEA is tax exempt. Mr. CHATHAM. I yield. official sources. Now, then, in the trial of the case of Mr. RIBICOFF. I think it is worthy There appeared before the Ways and Roberts Dairy Co., petitioner, against of comment that almost everyone gives Means Committee in November 1947 Commissioner of Internal Revenue, re- ~951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2713 spondent, Tax Court of the United publicity, and general activities of NTEA. States, November 1, 1950, in which it Contributions a.re not made for special pur. Date Amount Name and address was held that a contribution of $750 in poses. All funds received are used to sup 1943 which Roberts Dairy Co., Omaha, port the general activities of the organiza.. 1950 t~on. None are earmarked for specific pur• Mar. 16 $500 Allison-Erwin Co., 209 East 5th St., Nebr., made to the National Tax Equal Charlotte N. C. poses. 17 500 St. Paul Live Stock Exchange ity Association to be nondeductible in South St. Paul, Minn. computing gross income, the record 23 600 Samson Cordage Works, Boston, shows that Vernon Scott of the firm of Date Amount Name and address Mass. 28 500 Carolina Power & Light Co., Box Scott & Schuler appeared at the trial 1551, Raleigh, N. C. in this case as the chief administrative 1950 Apr. 300 Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 lJan. 1 $1, 000 · Moore-Handley Hardware Co.; Market St., San Francisco, Calif. officer of the NTEA since its inception. Birmingham 2, Ala. 27 300 Delaware Power & Light Co., What was his testimony? He testified Wilmington, Del. 500 New Orleans Public Service, Inc., lJune 23 600 The Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co., that NTEA never did urge anyone to in Mar. 500 317 Baronne St., Post Office Box 4th and Main Sts., Cincinnati 1, fiuence legislation. 340, New Orleans, La. Ohio. 27 500 Peden Iron & Steel Co., Houston, The outpouring of vicious and in:fiam 1, 000 Tex. matory literature by the NTEA attack 28 2, 500 F. H. Peavey & Co., 312 Chamber ing Congress and members of the Ways !Tan. 480 Central Power & Light Co., Corpus of Commerce, Minneapoli~ Minn. Christi, Tex. 28 2, 500 Van Dusen Han-ington uo., 713 and Means Committee, because neither 500 Bridgeman-Russell Co., 1102- 1116 Chamber of · Commerce, Minne· would yield to propaganda, is a complete West Michigan St., Duluth 1, apolis 15, Minn. Minn. 29 500 The Rocky Mountain Grain & answer to the false statement of Mr. Commission Co., 1205-1211 Board Scott, then chief administrative officer 12 500 Gulf States Utilities Co., Baton of Trade Bldg., Kansas City 6, of the NTEA, who testified in court that· Apr. 10 500 Rouge 2, La. Mo. 30 500 Simonds-Chields-Theis Grain Co., NTEA never did urge anyone to infiu· 1, 000 100 Board of Trade Bldg., Kansas ence legislation. City6, Mo. lJan. 9 500 Consumers Power Co., 212 Michi !Tuly 1, 000 Tex-O'Kan Flour Mills Co., Post In the recent hearings relating to the gan Ave. West, Jackson, Mich. office Box 448, Dallas, Tex. taxation of exempt farmer cooperatives, 10 6, 000 Association of Casualty & Surety 1, 000 Belknap Hardware & Manufacturing Co's., 60 John St., New York, Co., 111 East Main St., Louisville the president of the NTEA testified that N.Y. 2,Ky. the organization had collected $600,000 11 500 Capital Fertilizer Co., Room 1824, 500 Bowman Dairy Co., 140 West 61 Broadway, New York 6, N. Y. Ontario St., Chicago 10, Ill. from businessmen, corporations, and 11 500 Zork Hardware Co., El Paso, Tex. 10 500 Puplic Service Co. of Indiana, Inc., utilities, to carry out the lobbying activi 13 1, 000 Charles W. Sexton Co.t ]\'IcKnight 110 North Illinois St., Indianapolis B.ldg., Minneapolis, .Minn. 9, Ind. ties of the NTEA. 17 500 Uhlmann Grain Co., 1480 Board of 11 500 Columbus & Southern Ohio Electric I am inserting a list of the contributors Trade Bldg., Chicago 4, Ill. Co., 215 North Front St., Colum 19 1, 000 International Minerals & Chenical bus 15, Ohio. and the amount contributed by each one Corp., 20 North Wacker Dr., 11 750 Utah Power & Light Co., Salt Lake where the contribution was $500 or more. Chicago 6, Ill. City, Utah. 20 500 Consolidated Gas Electric Light & 12 500 Orgill Bros. & Co., 10 West Calhoun The contributions of less than $500 do Power Co., Lexington and Lib· Ave., Memphis, Tenn. not appear in the report to the House erty Sts., Baltimore 2, Md. June 6 250 Pennsylvania Power & Light Co., Select Committee on Lobbying Activities. ~ · 20 500 Union Electric Co. of Missouri, 315 Allentown, Pa. North 12th Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. July 18 500 Montana Flour Mills Co., Box 631, These contributions of $500 or more to Great Falls, Mont. this racketeering lobby organization cov 23 500 Louisiana Power & Light Co., 142 21 2, 500 Standard Oil Co., 910 South Michi Mar. 21 600 Delaronde St., New Orleans 14, gan Ave., Chicago 5, Ill. er· the years 1947, 1948, 1949, and up to La. 24 500 State Loan & Finance Corp., 402 December 18, 1950. Ring Bldg., 1200 18th St. NW., Here is an example of the most brazen 1,000 Washington 6, D. C. attempt yet made by any group of men lfan. 23 Stockham Pipe Fittings Co., Post 25 300 Moncrief-Lenoir Manufacturing Office Box 2592, Birmingham 2, Sept. 28 250 Co., Houston, Tex. to destroy a basic industry, viz; Ameri· Ala. 1- can agriculture. 24 750 Consolidated Edison Co. of New 650 York, In£:1 4 Irving Pl., New July 26 500 Sloss & Brittain, 100 Potrero Ave., Could any program be devised by Sta York, N. Y. San Francisco 1, Calif. lin to more effectively weaken our free 30 500 Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co., 4th 27 000 Texas Electric Service Co., Post enterprise system and to eventually de· and Main Sts., Cincinnati 1, Office Box 970, Fort.Worth 1, Tex. Ohio. 28 500 Western Cottonoil Co., Box 521, stroy our basic economy than the one 30 500 Tex-O'Kan Flour Mills Co., Post Abilene, Tex. which has been planned and put into op Office Box 448, Dallas, Tex. 28 600 Florida Power & Light Co., Post 31 1, 000 Fullerton Lumber Co., 918 Roanoke Office Box 3100, Miami, Fla. eration by the National Tax Equality Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Aug. 2 600 American Hardware & Equipment Association? Feb. 1 1, 250 Nichols Wire & Aluminum Co., 1725 Co., Charlott~ N. C. Rockingham Rd., Davenport, 5,000 Marshall· Wells uo., Duluth, Minn. The irony of this drive to destroy agri Iowa. 500 Montana Elevator Co., Great Falls, culture is that it is financed by business 1 5, 000 Marshall-Wells Co., Duluth, Minn. Mont. 6 1, 500 Kelly-How-Thompson Co., Duluth, 500 Ro berts Dairy Co., 2901 Cuming men and firms who could not prosper Minn. St., Omaha, Nebr. were it not for the prosperity of the 500 Petroleum Advisers, Inc., 60 Wall 000 New Orleans Public Service, Inc., farmers. · Tower, New York 5, N. Y. 317 Baronne St., Post Office Box 10 500 Duquesne Light Co., 435 6th Ave., 340, New Orleans, La. Here is the list of contributors to the Pittsburgh 19, Pa. 14 600 The Denver Clearing House Asso· 14 750 Baker & Hamilton, 700-768 7th St., ciation, Denver Colo. NatiomiJ Tax Equality Association in the San Francisco 19, Calif. 15 500 Wilcox Lumber 60., Lock Drawer drive to destroy farm cooperatives: 10 750 Kentucky Utilities Co., Inc., 159 651, Detroit Lakes, Minn. West Main St., Lexington, Ky. 25 500 The Detroit Edison Co., 2000 2d NATIONAL TAX EQUALITY ASSOCIATION, INC., 16 500 St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Ave., Detroit 26, Mich. Chicago, December 18, 1950. Co., St. Paul, Minn. Sept. 14 600 R. Wallace & Sons Manufacturing Congressman FRANK BUCHANAN, Chairman, 17 1, 000 Marsh & McLennan, Minneapolis, Co., Wallingford, Conn. House Select Committee Minn. 14 500 Stratton-Warren Hardware Co., 23 500 Atlantic Refining Co., 260 South Inc., Memphis, Tenn. on Lobbying Activities, Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. 15 1, 000 The W. Bingham Co., Box 6026, Congress of the United States, Mar. 500 Wisconsin. Power & Light Co., 122 Cleveland, Ohio. Washington, D . C. West Washington Ave., Madison 18 1, 000 American Cotton Shippers Associa DEAR Sm: Mr. Scott is out of town, so in 1, Wis. tion, 801 Cotton Exchange Bldg., 2 1, 250 Smith-Douglass Co., Inc., Norfolk 1, Memphis 1, Tenn. conformity with his letter of December 6 to Va. 18 500 Allison-Erwin Co., 209 East 5th St., you, and in compliance with your request, 2 500 Washington Water Power Co., Post Charlotte, N. C. I am enclosing a list showing the total 18 750 Baker & Hamilton, 700-768 7th St., 600 T~~C.W~g~!f:'.J~~~~ree l!o~~: San Francisco 19, Calif. amount received by National Tax Equality tion, Post Office Box 367, Pearsall, 20 500 Zork Hardware Co., El Paso, Tex. Association from each member making con Tex. · · 22 500 Humble Oil & Refining Co., tributions of $500 or more, from January 500 The Colorado Milling & Elevator Humble Bldg., Houston, Tex. 1, 1947, to date, together with the amount, Co., Equitable Bldg., Denver 2, 26 1, 500 Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk & Co., Kel· Colo. logg Blvd. and Mackson St., St. date, and purpose of each such contribution. 10 1, 000 The Bostwick-Braun Co., Summit Paul 1, Minn. Yours truly, and Monroe Sts., Toledo, Ohio. 29 600 Gold Seal Co., Bismarck, N. Dak. ELLEN POWERS, 10 500 Humble Oil & Refining Co., Hum· Oct. 2 500 Dunham, Carrigan & Hayden Co., se'cretary to Mr. Scott. ble Bldg., Houston, Tex. · Post Office Box 3024, San Fran 13 1,000 Lumbermen's Association of Texas, cisco 19, Calif. 1950 Second National Bank Bldg., 500 Montana Power Co., Box 1338, Houston, Tex. Butte, Mont. The contributions listed below were made 13 500 Fresh Milk Institute, 1200 Eouth 600 Atlantic Refining Co., 260 South for the purpose of supporting the research, ~pi;ing Ave., St. Louis, Mo • Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. • 2714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20
Date A.mount Name and address Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address -
1950 1947 1947 -Oct. 6 ~ 500 Stockham Valves & Fittings Co. Jan. 15 $500 Public Service Co. of Indiana, Inc., Feb. 25 $500 Wisconsin Power & Light-· Co., Post Office Box 2592, Binning. May 22 500 110 North Illinois St., Indianap May 7 500 Madison 1, Wis. ham 2, Ala. Oct. 2 500 olis, Ind. 1, 500 Janney-Semple-Hill & Co., Minne· 1, 000 apolis, Minn. 1, 500 12 500 The Tracy-Wells Co., 175 North Feb. 26 1, 000 Supplee-Biddle-Steitz Co., Phila· Front St., Columbus, Ohio. Jan. 15 500 Montana Retail Lumbermen's As Nov. 22 1, 000 delphia, Pa. 13 500 Buhl Sons Co., Post Office Box 1378, sociation, 10n~ East Main St., Detroit 3, Mich. Missoula, Mont. 2,000 22 500 Tex-O'Kan "Flour Mills Co., Post Mar. 500 St. Paul Live Stock Exchange, Office Box 448, Dallas, Tex. 16 500 Uhlmann Grain Oo., Board of St. Paul, Minn. 25 500 Mr. Robert Wolohan, Birch Run, May 26 500 Trade Bldg., Chicago, Ill. Mich. Aug. 1 500 4 500 Colorado Milling & Elevator Co., 25 500 Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co., 4th June 27 500 Equitable Bldg., Denver, Colo. and Main Sts., Cincinnati 1, 1, 500 Sept. 9 500 Ohio. 26 1, 000 Alabama Retail Hardware Associa Jan. 16 500 Kentucky ·utilities Co., Inc., 159 1, 500 tion, 509 North 19th St., Birming· July 18 500 West Main St., Lexington, Ky. ham 3, Ala. 18 500 Mar. 5 500 Tri-State Milling Co., Rapid City, 27 500 W r.stern Cotton Oil Co., Box 521, July 28 500 S. Dak. Abilene, Tex. 1, 500 30 500 Swan Rubber Co., Bucyrus, Ohio. 1,000 Nov. 1 l, 000 Beneficial Industrial Loan Corp., Jan. 16 500 Southwestern Gas & Electric Co., Mar. 1, 000 Federal Compress & Warehouse 15 Washington St., Newark 2, May 23 500 Post Office Box 1106, Shreveport Co., Post Office Box 125, Mem N. J. Sept. 10 500 83, La. phis, Tenn. 500 Consolidated Gas, F.lectric Light & Power Co., Lexington and Liberty 1, 500 8 1, 200 Texas Power & Light Co., Inter· Sts., Baltimore 2 Md. July 23 1, 200 urban Bldg., Dallas, 'l'ex. 2,000 Shapleigh Hardware Co., St. Louis, Jan. 16 500 Eagle Roller Mill Co., New Ulm, Mo. Apr. 17 500 Minn. 2,400 1, 000 Lurnhermens' Association of Texas, 615 Second National Bank Bldg., 1,000 Mar. 13 1, 000 The Bostwick-Braun Co., Corner E ouston 2, Tex. Oct. 10 500 Summit and Monroe, Toledo, 500 New Orleans Public Service, Inc., Jan. 17 500 Louisiana Power & Light Co., 142 Ohio~ 317 Baronne St., New Orlt'ans, Oct. 23 500 Delcronde St., New Orleans 14, La. . June 27 350 La. 1, 500 7 1,000 Morley Bros., Saginaw, Mich. Mar. 14 500 Continental Grain Co., 141 West 14 500 George Worthington Co. 802-832 1, ~50 Jackson Blvd., Chieago, Ill. St. Clair Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Jan. 18 500 Associated Seed Growers, 205 21 500 Continental Grain co Board of i4 500 · American Chain & Cable Co., Inc., Church St., New Haven, Conn. Trade Bldg., Kansas 6 ity, Mo. 230 Park Ave., New Yo~· k, N. Y. 17 500 DukL Power Co., 422 South Church 18 500 Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co., Milwau· . 22 750 Virginia-C;:i.rolina Chemical Corp., St., Charlotte, N. C. · July 28 500 kee, Wis. Apr. 15 500 Richmond, Va. 20 3, 000 Belknap Hardware & Manufactur Oct. 20 500 in ~ Co., 111 East Main St., Louis 1, 250 ville 2, Ky. 1, 500 28 1, 000 Kelly-How-Thompson Co.., Duluth, Mar. 24 500 Carolina Power & Light Co., Minn. Jan. 20 500 Northern States Power Co., 15 May 26 500 Box 1551, Raleigh, N. C. 29 500 St. Louis Cordage Mills, Eleventh May 23 500 South lith St., Minneapolis, Dec. 27 500 and Lafayette, St. Loui ~ 4, Mo. Oct. 3 500 Minn. 1,500 Apr, 500 Samson Cordage Works, Boston, 1, !iOO Mass. 1947 500 Paxton & Gallagher Co., 9th and The contributions listed below were made Jan. 22 500 Columbus & Southern Ohio Elec· Jones St., Omaha, Nebr. May 23 500 tric Co., 215 North Front St., for the purpose of supporting the research, Columbus 15, Ohio. 1 500 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co., J..Ublicity, and general activities of NTEA. July 8 500 Post Office Box 1498, Oklahoma Contributions are not made for special pur 1, 000 City 1, Okla. poses. All funds received are used to sup Jan. 24 500 New Orleans Public Service, Inc., 'l,000 port the general activities of the organiza June 30 500 New Orleans, La. · Sept. 19 500 Apr. 7 250 Public Service Co. of Colorado, tion. None are earmarked for specific pur Aug. 13 500 Box 840, Denver, Colo. poses. 1, 500 ·750 Apr. 11 500 Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 Jan. 25 500 Buhl Sons Co., Detroit, Mich. Market St., San Francisco. Calif; Date Amount Name and address Sept. 12 500 12 500 Mashack Hardware Co.,_~330 Hud· 1,000. Nov. 19 500 so11 St., New York 13, .N. Y. 1941 Jan. 30 500 Central Power & Light Co., Corpus 26 500 !ran. 2 $1, 000 Fullerton Lumber Co., 918 Roanoke Christi, Tex. Apr. 21 500 Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. 1,500 Oct. 9 500 31 1, 000 Tcx-0-Kan Flour Mills Co., Dallas June 26 1, 000 1, Tex . Apr. 14 500 Valley Grain Co., Moorhead, 2, 000 Aug. 25 1, 000 Minn. 22 500 CN~br~wanson & Sons, Omaha 2, !ran. 2 500 Marsh & McLennan, Minneapolis, 3, 000 Dec. 22 2, 500 Minn. ' . 23 500 Louisville Gas & Electric Co., 311 Jan. 31 500 The Washington Water Power Co., West Chestnut St., Louisville 2, 3, 000 Mar. 1 500 Spokane, Wash. . Ky, Sept. 12 500 :ran. 500 Haxton Canning Co., Oakfield, 24 1, 000 Lone Star Gas Co., Dallas, Tex. N.Y. 1, 500 June 26 1, 000 500 W. N. Clark Co., Rochester, N. Y. Nov. 6 1, 000 Feb. 1 500 Chas. Wolohan, Inc., Birch Run, 3 500 Public Service Electric & Gas Co., Aug. 13 500 Mich. 3, 000 May 31 500 80 Park Pl., Newark, N. J. Oct. 20 500 1, 000 Apr. 25 500 Florida Power & Light Co., Miami, Feb. 3 500 Central Hudson Gas & Electric Aug. 18 500 Fla. 1, 500 Corp., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 15 500 Abbotts Dairies, Inc., Philadelphia 1, 000 Jan. 5, 000 Osborne-McMillan Elevator Co., 4, Pa. Chamber of Commerce Bldg. Apr. 30 500 Consumers Power Co., 212 Michl· (610), Minneapolis 15, Minn. 18 500 Montana Power Co., Butte, Mont, gan Ave. West, Jackson, Mich. 500 St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance May 26 600 30 500 Pennsylvania Power & Light Co., Co., St. Paul, Minn. Sept. 13 500 Allentown Pa. . 500 Capital Fertilizer Co., Room 1824, May 500 Smith Dougiass Co., Inc., Norfolk, 61 Broadway, New York, N. Y, 1, 500 Va. 1, 500 American Hardware & Equipment 7 500 Connecticut Light & Power Co., Feb. 20 500 Park & Pollard Co., Inc., 356 Hertel Co., Charlotte 1, N. C. Mar. 25 500 Hartford, Conn. Aug. 23 500 Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. 500 Northern Indiana Public Service Oct. 24 500 Co., 5265 Hohman Ave., Ham· 1, OQO mond, Ind. 1, 500 16 500 Fairmont Foods Co., 1515 14th St., lran. 10 500 Morris Grain Co., 141 West Jackson Feb. 500 Philadelphia Electric Co., Phila· Omaha, Nebr. May 31 500 Blvd., Chicago, Ill. delphia, Pa. ..A.Ui 13 500 24 1, 000 International Minerals & Chemical 22 500 The Salt Lake Hardware Co., Salt Corp., 20 North Wacker Dr., Sept. 11 500 Lake City 9, Utah. 1, 500 Chicago, Ill. 1,000 • 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2715
· Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address
1947 1947 194 ~ May 7 $500 Duquesne Light Co., P\ttsburgb, Nov. 21 $500 Swan Rubber Co., Bucyrus, Ohio. Jan. 'XI $500 Norris Grain Co., 141 West Jackson Pa. . 22 500 Fresh Milk Institute, 1200 Spruce June 10 500 Blvd., Chica.go, Ill. St., St. Louis{ Mo. June 1 500 F. S. Royster Guano Co., Box 479, 24 500 Baker &: Hami.ton, 760-768 7th St,, 1, 000 Oct. 21 500 Norfolk, Va. San Francisco, {Jalif. Dec. 500 Arkansas Power & Light Co., Sim Jan. 27 5, 000 Osborne-McMillan Elevator Co., 1,000 mons National Bank, Pine Bluff, June 21 2, 500 Chamber of Commerce Bldg. Ark. (610), Minneapolis 15, Minn. June 500 Rosenbaum Bros. Inc., 141 West 750 Roberts Dairy Co., 2901 Cuming St., Jackson Blvd., Chicago, rn. Omaha, Nebr. 7, 500 5 2,000 Lnmbermen's Association of Texas, 500 Alexander Lumber Co., 111 Downer Feb. 1, 000 International Minerals & Chemical Houston 2 Tex. Pl., Aurora, Ill. Corp., 20 North Wacker Dr., 500 Montana Elevator Co., Great 17 500 Maytag Co., 512 North 4th St., Chicago,m. Falls, Mont. Newton, Iowa. 9 500 American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rocke· 19 1, 500 Kelley-How-Thomson Co., Duluth, 10 500 Uhlmann Grain Co., Board of feller Plaza, New York 20, N. Y. Mino. May 29 500 Trade Bldg., Chicago, Ill. 12 500 Wood River Oil & Refining Co., 22 1,500 Janney-Semple-I;fill & Co., Min· Inc., 335 West Lewis St., Wichita, neapolis, Minn. 1, 000 Kans. 23 1,000 Charles W. Sexton C~:.i 1140 Mc Feb. 13 500 Lampert Lumber Co., Snelling and 27 500 James E. Bennett & Co., 141 West Knight Bldg., 1VJ.inneapolis, Grand, St. Paul, Minn. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, rn. Minn. 27 500 Virginia Electric & Power Co., 29 550 George C. Bagley Elevator Co., 13 600 Montana Flour Mills Co., Box 631, Spokane, Wash. Minneapolis, Minn. June 7 500 Great Falls, Mont. · 30 500 Utah Power & Light Co., Salt Lake 30 5, 000 International Elevator Co., 374 City, Utah. Grain Exchange, Minneapolis, 1, 100 July 500 Idaho Power Co., Boise, Idaho. Minn. Feb. 18 500 Columbus &: Southern Ohio Elec- 7 500 Northwestern-Hanna Fuel Co., - June 4 500 tric Co., 215 North Front St., Sept. 17 100 ~ight Bldg., Minneapolis, 1948 Columbus 15, Ohio. 250 Nov. 5 The contributions listed below were made 1,000 850 for the purpose of supporting the research, Feb. 21 500 The Ohio Fuel Gas Co., 99 North publicity, and general activities of NTEA. Front St., Columbus, Ohio. . July 10 500 A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Contributions are not made for special pur 23 500 Louisiana Power & Light Co., 142 Oct. 22 500 Decatur, ill. poses. All funds received are used to sup June 2 500 Deleronde St., New Orleans 14, port the general activities of the organ 1,000 Ls. July 14 500 Iotermountain Elevator Co., ization. None are earmarked for specific Brighton Blvd., Denver, Colo. purposes. 1,000 21 500 Southwestern Public Service Co., Box 1261, Amarillo, Tex. Feb. 25 500 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co., Post July 12 Box 1498, Oklahoma City 1, 29 500 Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 Date Amount Name and address ~ g~~ West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Dec. 13 Aug. 1 900 Texas Electric Service Co., Fort Worth, Tex. 1, 500 1948 Feb. 25 750 Orgill Bros. & Co., ~emphis, Tenn. 2 500 John I. Paulding, Inc., New Bed- !an. 2 $1,000 Belknap Hardware & Manufactur ford, Mass. . July 16 1,000 ing Co., 111 East Main St., Mar. 2 1, 000 Tex-0-Kan Flour Mills Co., Dal· 500 Western Cotton Oil Co., Abilene, Nov. 8 1,000 Louisville 2, Ky. Oct. 5 1, 000 las 1, Tex. Tex. Nov. 8 500 20 500 D allas Power & Light Co., Dallas, 3,000 Tex. 2,500 Jan. 2 500 Zenith Machine Co., Duluth, 30 1, 000 Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co., Dec. 14 500 Minn. Mar. 500 Tri-State Milling Co., Rapid City, Nov. 3 . 500 2201 Howard St., Evanston, Ill. Nov. 500 S. Dak. 1,000 1,500 1,000 Jan. 3 500 Montana Power Co., Butte, Mont. Aug. 30 1,.500 The W. l3ingbam Co., Box 6026, May 13 500 Mar. 6 500 The Washington Water Power Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Sept. 24 500 A.pr. 15 500 Spokane, Wash. Sept. 12 500 Van Camp Hardware & Iron Co., Sept. 9 500 401 West Maryland St., Indian 1, 500 apolis, Ind. 1, 500 13 500 American Cotton Shippers Associa Jan. 5 500 Capital Fertilizer Co., Room 1824, Mar, 500 Wisconsin Power & Light Co., tion, Memphis, Teno. 61 Broadway. Madison 1, Wis. 15 1, 000 Federal Compress & Warehouse 17 1,000 The George Worthington Co., 5 1, 000 Victoria Elevator Co., Chamber of Co., Post Office Box 125, Mem· Dec. 11 500 Cleveland, Ohio. Sept. 29 1, 500 Commerce Bldg., Minneapolis, phis, Tenn. Minn. 1,500 20 500 Northern States Power Co., 1.5 Sept. 18 1, 500 Shapleigh Hardware Co., 900 Spruce 2,.500 June 4 500 South 5th !St., Minneapolis, Minn. St., St. Louis, Mo. Dec. 17 500 25 1,000 Lampert Lumber Co., Snelling Jan. 6 500 Western Paint &: Varnish Co., and Grand, St. Paul, Minn. Dec. 14 500 Duluth, Minn. 1,500 27 3,000 Marshall-Wells Co., Duluth, Minn. Mar. 24 750 Virizinia..Carolina Chemical · Corp., Oct. 6 1,000 Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk & Co., St. 1.000 Richmond, Va. Paul, Minn. Jan. 500 St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance 11 500 Thomson-Diggs Co., Third and R Co., St. Paul, Minn, 24 1, 200 Texas Power & Light Co., Inter· Sts., Sacramento, Calif. Aug. 8 1, 200 urban Bldg., Dallas, Tex. 500 Central Power & Light Co., Corpus 13 500 Arkansas Power & Light Co., · Dec. Po 500 Christi, Tex. , 2,400 -Dec. 1 500 Simmons National Bank, Pine Bluff, Ark. 1,000 Mar. 25 500 Samson Cordage Works, Boston, Jan. 17 500 Montana Retail Lumbermen's As Sept. 29 500 Mass. 1,000 sociation, 107).2 East Main St., Oct. 16 500 Montana Flour Mills Co., Box 631, Missoula, Mont. 1,000 Great Falls, Mont. · 23 500 New Orleans Public Service, Inc. Mar. 26 500 Virginia. Electric &: Power Co., 22 500 J, F. Anderson Lumber Co., 2700 June 26 500 New Orleans, La. July 6 500 Richmond, Va. Dec. 16 1, 000 Foshay Tower, Minneapolis 2, Minn. 1,000 1, 000 Jan. 24 500 Gibson Refrigerator Co., Greenville, Mar. 27 700 J. R. Parker, 41 Hendrie Lane, 1, 500 Mich. Grosse Farm, Mich. Oct. 29 1,000 Kellogg Commission Co., Chamber 27 500 Arkansas Louisiana Gas · Co., ~~erce Bldg., Minneapolis, 24 1, 000 The Bostwick-Braun Co., Corner Shreveport, La. May 26 500 Summit and Monroe, Toledo, 31 750 Morley Bros., Saginaw, Mich. Ohio. 29 500 Carolina Power & Light Co., Box Nov. 8 1,000 Pennsylvania Rubber Co., Jean• June 1 500 1551, Raleigh, N. C. nette Pa. 1,500 Aug. 26 500 14 500 Moore-Handley Hardware Co., Birmingham Ala. Ian. 26 750 Baker & Hamilton, 760-768 7th St,, 1, 500 15 500 Peck, Stower & Wilcox Co., South· San Francisco, Calif. ington, Conn. Mar. 30 500 Continental Grain Co., Board of 17 680 Mississippi Cottonseed Products 26 500 Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk &: Co., St. Aug. 12 500 of Trade Bldg., Kansas City, Mo. Co., Standard Life Bldg., Jackson, Sept. 28 l, 000 Paul, Minn. Mi.<;S. Dec. 21 1,000 1, 21 750 Strong-Scott Manufaetqring Co.1 Mar. 17 ~o8 Abbotts Dairies, Inc., Philadel Minneapolis 13, Minn. 2, 500 phia 4, Pa. 2716 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20
Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address
1948 1948 1948 Apr. 5 $1, 500 American Hardware & Equipment June 23 $500 Northwestern-Hanna Fuel Co., Nov. 4 $500 Comnlidated Gas, Electric Li!!ht & Dec. 31 1, 500 Co., Charlotte 1, N. C. McKnight Bldg., Minneapolis, Power Co., Lexington and Liberty Minn. Sts., Baltimore 2, Md. 3, 000 25 500 Moncrief-Lenoir Manufacturing 750 Consolidated Edison Co., of New Apr. 8 500 F. S. Roy~ter Guano Co., Box 479, Co., Houston, Tex. York, Inc., 4 Irving PL, New Norfolk, Va. York, N. Y. 26 1, 000 Roberts Dairy Co., 2901 Cuming 1, 000 Nichols Wire & Aluminum Co., 20 500 Colorado Milling & Elevator Co., Nov. 22 750 St .. Omaha, Nebr. 1725 Rockingham Rd., Daven Nov. 15 500 Equitable Bldg., Denver, Colo. port, Iowa. 1, 750 1,000 9 500 Pennsylvania Power & Light Co., Apr. 20 500 Fairmont Foods Co., 1515 14th St., July 2 500 Charles Wolohan, Inc., Birch Run, May 5 500 Allentown, Pa. Omaha 8, Nebr. Nov. 2 500 Mich. 23 500 Hendrie & Bolthoff, 1635 17th St., 1, 000 Denver, Colo. 1 Nov. 19 500 'l'he Dayton Co., Nicolet Ave., 7th 23 1, 000 Louisville Gas & Electric Co., ;lll July 6 ' ~g Arkansas Power & Light Co., and 8th Sts., Minneapolis, Minn. West Chestnut St., Louisville 2, Simmons National Bank, Pine 22 500 Strong-Scott Manufacturing Co., Ky. Bluff, Ark. Minneapolis rn, Minn. 26 500 Dwiham, Carriimn & Hayden Co., 6 500 Idaho Power Co., Boise, Idaho. Dec. 7 500 Alexander Lumber Co., 111 Downer Post Office Box 3024, San Fran Pl., Aurora, Ill. cisco, Calif. 6 500 Public Service Electric & Gas Co., 8 600 Mississippi Cottonseed Products 27 300 Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 Mar Nov. 19 500 80 Park Pl., Newark, N. J. · Co., Standard Life Bldg., Jackson, ket St., San Francisco, Calif. Miss. 27 500 Tho Salt Lake Hardware Co., Salt 1,000 15 2, 000 Lumbermen's Association of Texas, Lake City·9, Utah. Houston 2, Tex. 29 500 Sloss & Brittain, 100 Potrero Ave., July 6 500 Texas Electric Service Co., Fort 20 500 Supplee-Biddle-Steitz Co., Phila San Francisco, Calif. Oct. 27 900 Worth, Tex. delphia, Pa. 29 500 Western Metal Supply Co., San 21 1,000 Mashack Hardware Co., 330 Hud Diego, Calif. 1, 400 son St., New York 13, N. Y. July 7 1, 000 Texas Wholesale Hardware Asso 23 1, 000 Charles W. Sexton Co., 1140 Mc 30 500 Park & Pollard Co., Inc., 356 Hertel ciation, Pearsall, Tex. Knight Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Oct. 22 500 Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. 27 1, 000 Morley Bros., Saginaw, Mich. 20 500 Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co., Milwau- 28 500 Dallas Power & Light Co., Dallas, 1, 000 Dec. 1 500 kee, Wis. Tex. 29 1, 500 Kelley-How-Thomson Co., Duluth, May 3 500 Kentucky Utilities Co., Inc., 159 Minn. luly 12 500 West M ain St., Lexington, Ky. July 27 ~; · ggg Peden Iron & Steel Co., Houston, Tex. 1, 000 28 500 Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 1949 May 500 St. Paul Live Stock Exchange, West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill. South St. Paul, Minn. The contributions listed below were made 500 Northern Indiana Public· Service 29 500 Florida Power & Light Co., Miami, for the purpose of supporting the research, Co., -5265 Hohman Ave., Ham Nov. 3 500 Fla. mond, Ind. . publicity, and general activities of NTEA. 500 Consumers Power Co., 212 Michi· 1,000 Contributions are not made for special pur gan Ave., West, Jackson, Mich. Aug. 6 500 Wilcox' Lumber Co., Lock Drawer ·poses. All funds received are used to sup.; 500 Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadel 651, Detroit Lakes, Minn. port the general activities of the organiza phia, Pa. 6 500 Pennsylvania Rubber Co., Jean 500 Eagle Roller Mill Co., New Ulm, nette, Pa. tion. None are earmarked for specific Minn. 10 500 Montana Elevator Co., Great Falls, purposes. Mont. 12 500 Duquesne Light Co., Pittsburgh, Fa. 17 500 Western Cotton Oil Co., Abilene, Date Amount Name and address Nov. 1 500 Nov. 2 500 Tex. ------1,000 1, 000 1949 May 13 500 Paxton & Gallagher Co., 9th and Aug. 20 500 Public Service Co. of Colorado, Box Jan. 3 $500 Lampert Yards, 1565 Selby Ave., Jones Sts., Omaha, Nebr. 840, Denver, Colo. St. Paul, Minn. 10 500 St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance 15 500 Connecticut Light & Power Co., Sept. 1 l, 500 Shapleigh Hardware Co., 900 Spruce Co., St. Paul 2, Minn. , Nov. 9 500 Hartford, Conn. Nov. 8 500 St., St. Louis, Mo. 11 500 The Stanley Works, New Britain, Conn. 1, 000 2,000 12 800 Alabama Power Co., Box 2641, Sept. 2 500 Mississippi Power & Light Co., Birmingham, Ala. May 22 500 Public Service Co., of Indiana·, Inc., Jackson 113, Miss. 12 1, 000 Fullerton Lumber Co., 918 Roanok Aug. 28 500 110 North Illinois St., Indianap 6 5,000 Marshall-Wells Co., Duluth, Minn. Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. olis, Ind. 10 500 A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., 14 500 Montana Retail Lu.mbermen's As Decatur, Ill. sociation, McKay Bldg., Mis 1, 000 May 28 soula, Mont. 500 American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rocke 13 500 Fullerton Lumber Co., 918 Roanoke 17 ;oo Connecticut Light & Power Co. feller Plaza, ew York 20, N. Y. Jan. 14 1,000 Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Hartford, Conn. jJune 1,000 Moore-Handley Hardware Co., Birmingham, Ala. l , 500 17 500 Carolina Power & Light Co., Box Sept. 16 1,000 American Cotton Shippers Associa· Aug. 22 500 1551, Raleigh, N. C. 1 500 James E. Bennett & Co., 141 West tion, Memphis, Tenn. lruly 26 500 Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill. 20 l, 500 The W. Bingham Co., Box 602~ l, 000 Cleveland, Ohio. 1, 000 27 1, 500 The George Worthington Co., Jan. 21 500 The Chain Institute, Inc., 20 Cleveland, Ohio: June 4 South LaSalle St., Chicago 4, Ill 500 Southwestern Public Service Co., 28 500 Van Camp Hardware & Iron Co., 28 500 New York Wire Cloth Co., 44 Nov. 17 500 Box 1261, Amarillo, Tex. 401 West Maryland St., Indian· Park Ave., New York 22, N . Y. apolis, Ind. Feb. 3 500 Arkansas Power & Light Co. 1, 000 Simmons National Bank, Pin June 1, 500 Smith Douglass Co., Inc., Norfolk, Oct. 1 1, 000 Lone Star Gas Co., Dallas, Tex. Bluff, Ark. Va. · Apr. 21 1,000 4 500 St. Paul Live Stock Exchange, St :500 • Rosenbaum Bros., Inc., 141 West Paul Minn. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill. 2, 000 4 500 Capitai Fertilizer Co., 61 Broadway 11 New York, N. Y. 500 Southwestern Gas & Electric Co., Oct. 1 1, 500 Janney-Semple-Hill & Co., Minne. 1 500 Virginia Electric & Power Co. Dec. 10 500 Post Office Box 1106, Shreveport • Nov. 8 500 apolis, Minn. Richmond, Va. 83, La. 7 500 Rheem Manufacturing Co., 40 2,000 Russ Bldg., San Francisco, Calif 1, 000 Oct. 500 Intermountain Elevator Co., Brigh- 8 500 Stockham Pipe Fittings Co., Pos ton Blvd., Denver, Colo. · Office Box 2592, Birmingham 2 June 11 2, 500 International Elevator Co., 374 12 500 Maytag Co., 512 N ortb 4th St., Ala. Dec. 14 5,000 Grain Exchange, Minneapolis, Newton, Iowa. 10 750 The Lufkin Rule Co., Saginaw Minn. . 18 500 Stratton-Warren Hardware Co., Mich. Memphis, Tenn. 11 500 Northwestern-Hanna Fuel Co., 219 7,500 21 500 John I. Paulding, Inc., New Bed University Ave., St. Paul, Minn lune 12 500 Fones Bros. Hardware Co., Little ford, Mass. Rock, Ark. 22 500 Delaware Power & Light Co., Wil· 14 11 500 Texas Electric Service Co., Pos 500 Utah Power & Light Co., Salt Lake mington, Del. July 27 900 Office Box 970, Fort Worth 1, Tex City, Utah. 29 2,000 Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co., 17 500 The Rike-Kumler Co., Dayton, 2201 Howard St., Evanston, Ill. 1, 400 Ohio. Nov. 2 500 Pacific Power & Light Co., Public Feb. 14 1, 000 500 Pacific Power & Light Co., Publi 18 Allison-Erwin Co., 209 East 5th St.1 Service Bldg., Portland 4, Oreg. Service Bldg., Portland 4, Oreg. Charlotte, N. C. 3 500 Gold Seal Co., Bismarck, N. Dak. 1951 CQNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2717
Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address Date Amount Name and address
1949 1949 1949 Feb. 1,5 $500 Hart-Bartlett-Sturtevant Grain Co., May 9 $500 California Packing Corp., 101 Cali· Oct. 6 Fones Bros, Hardware Co., Little July 6 500 Board ol Trade Bldg. fornia St., San Francisco, Calif. Rock, Ark. 10 2,000 Lumbermen's Association of Texas, 1, 000 615 Second National Bank Bldg., 12 1,000 George Worthington Co., 802--832 Houston 2, Tex. Dec. 6 500 St. Clair Ave., Clevelan.d, Ohio. Feb. 22 750 Tex-O'Kan Flour Mills Co., Post 16 500 Consumers Power Co., 212 Michi· June 22 1, 000 Office Box 448, Dallas, Tex. gan Ave. West, Jack~on, Mich. 1, 500 19 500 F. S. Royster Guano Co., Post Oct. 14 500 Wilcox Lumber Co., Lock Drawer 1, 750 Office Box 479, Norfolk, Va. 651, Detroit Lakes, Minn. Feb. 25 500 Louisiana Power & Light Co., 142 20 1,500 Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co., Deloronde St., New Orleans 14, 20 500 Columbus & Southern Ohio Elec 2201 Howard St., Evanston, Ill. La. Aug. 2 500 tric Co., 215 North Front St., Co 21 1,000 American Cotton Shippers Associ· lumbus, Ohio. ation, 801 Cotton Exchange Bldg., 25 500 Maytag Co., 512 North 4th St., Memphis, Tenn. Sept. 30 500 Newton, Iowa. 1, 000 28 500 Stratton-Warren Hardware Co., May 26 750 Coleman Co.1 Inc., St. Francis and Inc., Memphis, Tenn. 1,000 2d St., Wicnita 1, Kans. 28 2,000 Shapleigh Hardware Co., St. Louis, Feb. 28 500 Wisconsin Power & Light Co.~ 122 June 500 Pennsylvania Power & Light Co., Mo. West Washington Ave., Maaison 9th and Hamilton Sts., Allen Nov. 1,000 Lampert Lumber Co., Snelling and 1, Wis. town, Pa. Grand Ave., St. Paul 5, Minn. Mar. 500 Ebasco Services, Inc., 2 Rector St., 3 500 Northern States Power Co., 15 4 1, 500 Van Dusen Harrington Co.. 713 New York 6, N. Y. South 5th St., Minneapolis, Chamber of Commerce, Minne 1,000 Marsh & McLennan, Minneapolis, Minn. apolis 15, Minn. Minn. 8 750 George A. Clark & Son, 1:01 North 500 Bowman Dairy Co., 140 West On 3 500 Uhlmann Grain Co., 1480 Board of Third St., Minneapolis, Minn. tario, Chicago 10, Ul. July 22 500 Trade Bldg., Chicago 4, Ill. 500 Allison-Erwin Coi' 209 East Fifth 4 1,000 The Bostwick-Braun Co., Summit St., Charlotte, N. C. and Monroe Sts., Toledo, Ohio. 1,000 500 Ahbotts Dairies, Inc., 31st and June 500 Bostwick-Braun Co., Summitt and 10 100 Edward K. Tryon Co., 815 Arch St., Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia 4, Pa. Monroe Sts., Toledo, Ohio. Dec. 20 500 Philadelphia, Pa. 10 500 The Colorado Milling & Elevator 13 500 Carolina Power & Light Co., Box Co., Equitable Bldg., Denver 2, 1551, Raleigh, N. C. 600 Colo. · Nov. 10 500 Buhl Sons Co., Detroit, Mich. 11 500 Orgill Bros. & Co., 10 West 21 500 Belknap Hardware & Manufactur 11 1,000 Masback Hardware Co.t.330 Hud· Calhoun Ave., Memphis, Tenn. July 20 500 ing Co.JU East Main St., Louis son St., New York 13, .N. Y. ville 2, Ky. 28 1, 500 The W. Bingham Co., Box 6026, 14 500 Florida Power & Light Co., Miami, Cleveland, Ohio. Aug. 1 500 Fla. 1, 000 29 500 Western Cotton Oil Co., Box 521, Abilene, Tex. 1,000 June 24 500 Colorado Milling & Elevator Co., 30 500 Van Camp Hardware & Iron Co., Mar. 17 500 New Orleans Public Service, Inc., Equitable Bldg., Denver 2, Colo. 401 West Maryland St., Indian· 317 Baronne St., Post Office Box 24 1,000 Lone Star Gas Co., 1915 Wood St., apolis, Ind. 340, New Orleans, La. Dallas, Tex. Dec. 1, 500 Janney-Semple-Hill & Co., Min· 17 1,000 Lone Star Oas Co., 1915 Wood St., 27 500 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co., neapolis, Minn. Dallas, Tex. Oklahoma City, Okla. 1, 000 Supplee-Biddle-Steitz Co., Phila· 22 500 Samson Cordage Works, Boston, 28 500 Idaho Power Co., Boise, Idaho. delphia, Pa. Mass. 29 1, 250 King Midas Flour Mills, Minne· 12 1, 000 J. F. Anderson Lumber Co., 2700 23 fiOO Public Service Co. of Indiana, Inc., apolis, Minn. Foshay Tower, Minneapolis, 110 North Illinois St., Indianapolis 29 1,000 Peavey Elevators, Minneapolis, Minn. 9, Ind. Minn. 15 1,300 International Elevator Co., 374 23 500 Fresh Milk Institute, 1200 South 29 1, 250 Peavey Lumber Yards, Minneapo· Grain Exchange Bldg., Minne Spring Ave., St. Louis, Mo. apolis 15, Minn. 24 2, 500 Smith-Douglass Co., Inc., Norfolk 29 1, 500 F!\~:1vey & Co., 312 Chamber 21 500 Western Paint & Varnish Co.; 1, Va. of Commerce, Minneapolis, Minn. Duluth, Minn. 30 500 Wisconsin Electric Power Co., 231 July 500 Kentucky Utilities Co., Inc., 159 22 1, 21i0 John Pritzlaff Hardware Co., 335 West Michigan St., Milwaukee 1, West Main St., -Lexington, Ky. North Plankinton Ave., Milwau Wis. 12 5,000 Marshall-Wells Co., DuluthJ.Minn. kee, Wis. 30 500 Southwestern Public Service Co.1 14 500 Roberts Dairy Co., 2901 uuming 23 1, 250 Globe Elevators, Division of F. H. Box 1261, Amarillo, Tex. St., Omaha, Nebr. Peavey & Co., Duluth, Minn. 31 l, 000 International Minerals & Chemical 15 750 Consolidated Edison Co. of New 30 1,000 Morley Bros., Saginaw, Mich. Corp., 20 North Wacker Dr., York, Inc., 4 Irving Pl., New Chicago 6, Ill. York,N. Y. Apr. 4 750 Baker & Harrtilton, 700-768 7tb St., 25 500 Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co., Mil· Mr. Speaker, I want to give you a little San Francisco 19, Calif. wankee, Wis. 500 Sloss & Brittain, 100 Potrero Ave.; 26 500 Public Service Co. of Colorado, idea what this association is doing so San Francisco 1, Calif. Post Office Box 840, Denver 1, far as vilifying Congress is concerned. 500 Mississippi Power & Light Co.1 Colo. Jackson, Miss. 26 500 Public Service Co. of Indiana, Inc., I hold in my hand some of the scurrilous 500 C. L. Gange, Leamington Hotel, 110 North Illinois St., Indianapo literature that it has sent out. Minneapolis Minn. lis 9, Ind. 11 500 Washinirton Water Power Co., Aug. 500 Alexander Lumber Co., 111 Downer Protest in your own words in your own Post Office Box 1445, Spokane 6, Pl., Old Second National Bank way. Wash. Bldg., Aurora, Ill. 300 Delaware Power & Light Co.; Then in red ink: 13 500 The Detroit Edison Co., Detroit 26, Wilmington, Del. Aug. 1 500 Mich. 750 Utah Power & Light Co., Salt Lake Your Congressman and Senators need a City, Utah. letter from you. ~ 9 500 Simonds-Shields-Theis Grain Co., · Apr.18 500 The Salt Lake Hardware Co., Post Kansas City, Mo. Office Box 510, Salt Lake City 9, 11 500 Montana Flour Mills Co., Box 631, Many of you received copy of a letter Utah. Great Falls, Mont. just as this is worded: 19 1, 000 H. D. Hudson Manufacturing Co.1 12 500 Montana Elevator Co., Great Falls, 589 East Illinois St., Chicago 11, Mont. DEAR MR. CONGRESSMAN: You raised my in Ill. 15 500 Norris Grain Co., 1637 Board of come taxes. Now I hear you are going to 21 500 Dunham, Carrigan & Hayden Co., Trade Bldg., Chicago, Ill. Post Office Box 3024, San Fran do it again. But you still let billions in 16 500 C. M. McClung & Co., Inc., Knox· business and profits escape. How come you cisco 19, Calif. ville, Tenn. 22 500 Stratton Grain Co., 7~720 Grain raise my taxes, but let co-ops, mutuals, and 17 500 Moncrief-Lenoir Manufacturing Co.1 and Stock Exchange, Milwaukee Houston, Tex. other profit-making corporations get off scot 2, Wis. 18 500 Peden Iron & Steel Co., Houston, free, or nearly so? I want a straight an 25 500 Louisville Gas & Electric Co., 311 Tex. West Chestnut St., Louisville 2, 26 500 Montana Power Co., Butte, Mont. swer-and I want these businesses full,,· taxed Ky. 30 500 James E. Bennett & Co., 141 West before you increase my or anyone else's 28 500 Northern Indiana Public Service Jackson Blvd., Chicago 4, I11. Co., 5265 Hohman Ave., Ham income taxes again. Sept. 6 1,000 Public Service Electric & Gas Co.1 mond Ind. 80 Park Pl., Newark, N. J. I received that letter from people in 29 500 Philadelphia Electric Co., 1000 8 500 San Antonio Machine & Supply Chestnut St., Philadelphia 5, Pa. Co., Drawer No. 660, San Antonio, my district. These are cards making 30 1, 000 American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rocke Tex. contributions. The whole thing is a feller Plaza. New York, N. Y. 12 500 Southwestern Gas & Electric Co., 30 300 Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 Post Office Box 1106, Shreveport, scurrilous attack upon the Congress. Market St., San Francisco, Calif. La. May 2 2,500 Standard Oil Co., 910 South Michl· To give you a little further idea on gan Ave., Chicago 5, Ill. that score, showing the abusive char Oct. Ii 1,000 Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk & Co.1 St. Paul 1, Minn. acter of these people, let me read you 4 500 Duquesne Light Co., 435 6th Ave.; Dec. 19 1,000 Aug. 17 500 Pittsburgh 19, Pa. this telegram to the gentleman from l,OoO 2,000 North Carolina [Mr. DouGHToNl from 2718 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 Mr. Lester, president of the National I would not be quite so audacious as man was a master stroke. The letter of Tax Equality Association: to define the meaning of the word appointment struck the keynote of the MAY 15, 1950. "pandering" in the presence of the problem to be considered and solved. I Hon. ROBERT L. DOUGHTON, Members of this House, but if you look quote from his letter of appointment: Chairman of the House Ways and up the definition you can see what it The farmer must first of all grow good Means Committee, New House Office means. This is a slur and an abuse on crops in order to support himself and his Building, Washington, D. C. one of the outstanding men of this family but when he has been assured, the Press carries information to effect that country, the Honorable ROBERT DOUGH effort for better farming should cease to your committee is now considering closing TON. They have been collecting over stand alone and should be accompanied by of tax loopholes. We have seen no mention $600,000 the effort for better living on the farm. It of the closing of the cooperative tax loop for carrying on this propagan is at least as important that the farmer hole. Please advise by wire collect if your da against the farmers of this country. should get the largest possible return in · committee contemplates consideration and Mr. Speaker. I shall now present a money, comfort, and social advantages from action on the cooperative tax exemption. few facts relating to our basic indus the crops he grows, as that he should get We have been informed that co-ops would try-agriculture. That agriculture is. the largest possible return in crops from not be considered and have many inquiries our basic industry will be disputed only the land he farms. Agriculture is not the regarding this omission. It is therefore im by the ignorant. whole of country life. The great rural in portant that we be correctly advised. terests are human interests and good crops G P.RNER M. LESTER, On December 7, 1796, President Wash are of little value to the farmer unless they President, National Tax Equality ington, in addressfng Congress, observed: open the door to a good kind 'Jf life on the Association . It will not be doubted that with reference farm. either to individual or national welfare, agri Next I would like to read a telegram culture is of primary importance. The Country Life Commission made a · from the gentleman from North Caro profound study covering the entire coun lina [Mr. DOUGHTON] to Mr. Lester: This observation was made by Presi try. Its report and recommendations MAY 16, 1950. dent Washington in his Eighth Annual were made on January 23, 1909, and "for GARNER M. LESTER, address to ·Congress. the first time suggested the cooperation President, National Tax Equality Asso Abraham Lincoln, speaking in MUwau procedures which today are. in common ciation, Chicago, Ill.: kee September 30, 1859, said: use throughout much of the industry, The Committee on Ways and Means has The farmer's interest is most worthy of making the significant observation: 'It i~ for some time been in executive session in all to ba cherished and cultivated-that if of the greatest consequence that the per.t the preparation of a tax bill. Careful con- · there be inevitable conflict between that in ple of the open country should learn to sideration is being given to the testimony terest and any other, that other should work together.'" of all witnesses including the two full days yield. of testimony on cooperatives, but no de With reference to this study President cision has yet been reached on this as well Agriculture was a depressed industry Roosevelt further remarked: as some other subjects. during the early part of the twentieth The Country Life Commission cost the R. L. DOUGHTON, cent11ry. Government not one cent, but laid before~ Chairman. This basic industry had long been the President and the country a mass of infor mation so accurate and so vitally important Here is another telegram, dated May victim of exploitation by commission as to disturb the serenity of the advocate of 17, from Mr. Lester to the gentleman men, middlemen, and a highly organized things as they are; and therefore it incurrea from North Carolina I Mr. DOUGHTON]: gang of parasites. The depressed state the bitter opposition of the reactionaries. MAY 17, 1950. of American agriculture aroused the in terest of President Theodore Roosevelt, The fight against the farmers and Hon. ROBERT L. DOUGHTON, their right to organize for group welfare Chairman of the House Ways and who in 1909 had this to say: Means Committee, New House Office So far the farmer has not received the at and the right to use nonprofit, corpora Building, Washington, D. C.: tention that the city worker has received tive form of organization to secure Replying to your wire stating that the • • • the problem of farm life has re greater efficiency and group bargaining Ways and Means Committee has not yet ceived very little consideration and the re power in selling farm products and in reached a decision on plugging the co-op tax sult has been bad for those who dwell in purchasing farm supplies has continued loophole, we urge that the committee act the open country, and therefore bad for the for more than a quarter of a century. to close this loophol~ immediately. We do whole Nation. We were founded as a Na As pointed out by the American Insti not see how your committee can fail · to tion of farmers, and in spite . of the great tute of Cooperation: close the cooperative loophole, which is the growth of our industrial life it still remains biggest loophole of all, . when it h as voted to true tt.at our whole system rests upon the It seems apparent that because of the tax the mutual savings banks and building farm, that the welfare of the whole com monumental success of the program thus and loan associations. It is apparent that munity depends upon the welfare of the far, it is experiencing a repetition of all the your committee and the administration are farmer. I am well aware that the working criticism and denunciation of 25 years ago. playing politics at the expense of the tax farmers themselves will in the last resort Perhaps we ought not to be surprised that payers. The clerk of your committee in a have to solve this problem for themselves; those middlemen who have been so long press conference stated that the co-op cor but as it also affects in only less degree all favored through their own ingenious devices porations were not included when your com thJ rest of us, it is not only merely our duty, are stricken with fear that some of their ad mittee voted on the dividend withholding but in our interest to see if we can render. vantages are now being passed on to the tax. The failure of the committee to include any help toward making the solution satis workers on the family farm. It is hardly to co-op corporations in the withholding tax factory. be expected that they will be farsighted is viewed with great apprehe.nsion as a clear enough to see in it their own final security. indication of your committee's ultimate un I recall vividly the visit of Theodore Roosevelt to Ithaca, N. Y., to inspect the No, these selfish parasites, blind t() willingness to tackle this problem. This is their own interest and welfare, lost no additional proof that your committee is abandoned farms in Tompkins County, considering this problem on a purely politi a coun:y in which the agricultural opportunity through court action and cal basis instead of attempting to meet the college at Cornell University is located. unscrupulous lobbies to destroy every at revenue needs of the Nation. It is hereby I had walked over this vast area of tempt of the farmer to improve his eco requested that the committee take action abandoned farms in Tompkins County nomic position. to include the co-ops in the dividend with many times and having been born and First, the enemies of the farmer holding tax. Failure to tax co-ops and in those who wished to exploit him, haled clude them under withholding provisions reared on a productive farm, the desola the associated farmers with their in will prove beyond any reasonable doubt that tion of the uncultivated land, the de creased .bargaining power into court, your committee and the administration are serted houses and barns made a deep and charging their cooperation marketing pandering to co-op leadership at the ex lasting impression upon me. associations as combinations in restraint pense of small-business men and taxpayers President Theodore Roosevelt was a of trade. The farmers lost the first a tactic which they · will understand and man of conviction and action. He ap resent. court battle, but later won a complete GARNER M. LESTER, pointed a Commission on Country Life. victory in the Burley Tobacco Society v. President, National Tax Equality His selection of Dean Liberty Hyde Gillaspy (100 N. E. 89-1912). The court Association. Bailey, of Cornell University, as its chair- declared that the purpose of the ·associa- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2719 tion was not to take unfair advantage of They were secured by legislation and Second. The corporation or society ultimate consumers, but was, on the con favorable judicial decisions, both Federal must be organized in such manner as trary, to organize producers for more ef and State as summarized in part as fol to legally_bind it to operate upon a cost ficient marketing, to the end that they lows: or nonprofit basis for the benefit of its might enjoy a more equitable and ade The right to organize for group welfare, patrons. quate price for their agricultural without being declared to be in restraint of Third. If organized with capital stock, products: trade. substantially all of such stock must be Acts which furthered such a worthy objec The right to use the nonprofit, cooperative, owned by producers except nonvoting tive- corporate form of organization to secure preferred stock, which must not partic greater efficiency and group bargaining ipate in corporate profits-if any-upon Said the court- power in selling farm products and in dissolution, or at all, except in unpaid ought not to be declared illegal. purchasing farm supplies. The privilege of freedom from double taxa fixed dividends. The enemies of the farmers were per tion. Fourth. Dividends on capital stock sistent in their effort to keep the farmer . must not exceed the legal rate in the in a state of peonage. There were many A new enemy of the farmers of the State of incorporation or 8 percent, decisions in the courts adverse to the United States, as I have heretofore indi whichever is greater. farmers' right to organize for their own cated, has appeared on the scene, a high Fifth. The association reserves may welfare and economic stability. ly unscrupulous organization to destroy not exceed those required by State law Even after the enactment of the Clay the farmers' hard-won Magna Carta. or reasonable reserves for any necessary ton Act of 1914 which expressly ex This lobby is known as the Tax Equality purpose. empted from the provisions of the Sher Association. It is a propaganda lobby, Sixth. Member and nonmember pa man Antitrust Act "agricultural organi the chief function of which is to collect trons must be treated alike in all busi zations instituted for the purpose of mu- contributions from these businessmen ness transactions, including the return . tual self-help," the Government indicted and utilities, middlemen, speculators, of patronage net margins . the Dairy Cooperative Associati9n of who wish to weaken and destroy the Seventh. Nonmember business shall Portland, its directors and officers for economic stability of the American farm not r xceed member business. monopolizing and controlling the pro er, and again reduce them to the position Eighth. And in purchasing coopera duction of milk in violation of the Sher of serfs. This racketeering lobby is pro tives, nonmember, nonproducer business man Antitrust Act. ceeding now on the theory: "The power shall not exceed 15 percent of the total Justice Mccollough held that the ex to tax is the power to destroy." These value of annual purchases, excluding emption of the Clayton Act was legal foes of the farm·er who have a vested in purchases by the United States Govern ground to · quash the indictment and terest in the farmers' distress and pover ment. quoted the act as follows: ty under the old exploitation system The charge that farmers are tax Nothing contained in the antitrust laws would now destroy the income tax dodgers because the farm cooperative shall be construed to forbid the ·existence exemption of the internal revenue law .to which they belong are tax exempt, is and operation of labor, agricultural, or as set forth in section 101 (12). a false and misleading statement. horticultural organizations instituted for the The lobby organization promoting the When the farmer member receives his purpose of mutual help or to forbid or re repeal of the farm cooperative exemption patronage dividend from his cooperative, strain the individual members tb.ereof of such under subdivision 12 of section 101 has, he pays Federal income tax oii the organizations from lawfully carrying on the by its printed propaganda and its field dividend received. He also pays a State legitimate object thereof, nor shall such lobbyists, led people to believe that the income tax on the patronage dividend, organizations, or the members thereof be held or construed to be illegal confirmations loss of revenue from tax exemption of assuming in both cases that he falls or conspiracies in restraint of trade, under cooperatives would, if siphoned into the within an income bracket, and assuming the antitrust laws. Treasury, pay the national debt and pro that the State in which h~ . lives has a vide all Federal taxpayers with a refund! State income-tax law. Speculators, commission men, middle Now, then, let me repeat· these facts Let this be kept in mind that if the men, for the past quarter of a century for emnhasis. racketeering enemies of the farmers have tried every legal device to destroy succeed in weakening or destroying the the farm cooperatives, but so far without The Secretary of the Treasury in his recent testimony before the Ways and farm cooperatives, the possibility of ob success. The Congress recognized the taining Federal revenue from the result unjust onslaught on the farmers by those Means Committee on cross-examination admitted that the loss of revenue from ing pauperization of the farmers will be who had fattened and flourished at their diminished to the vanishing point. expense, and to stop this racket passed the exemption of farm cooperatives un der subdivision 12 of section 101 would I quote from a piece of false and in the Magna Carta -of agriculture, the flammatory literature sent out by NTEA Capper-Volstead Act, February 18, 1922. not exceed $25,000,000 annually. Colin Stam, chief counsel of the Joint to each of its subscribers of $500 or The Capper-Volstead Act, reaffirmed more, which literature submits a form the rights of the agriculturalists to uti Committee on Internal Revenue Taxa tion, last year testified before the Ways letter to each subscriber to send to his lize the nonprofit cooperative corpora Congressman: tion as their marketing agent. and Means Committee that loss in reve DEAR CONGRESSMAN: You raised my income It made clear the right of cooperatives nue from the exemption would be only $18,000,000. taxes, now I hear you are going to do it to federate with each other. It em again. But you still let billions in business powered cooperatives to contract with The propagandists in an effort to pad and profits escape. How come you raise my · patrons to build centralized revolving the revenue loss have sought to deceive taxes, but let co-ops, mutuals, and other capital by withholding net marginal pro their contributing stooges by including profit-making corporations get off scot free, ceeds of the patrons as loan or as ca}!>ital. the proposed 10 percent withholding on or nearly so? I want a straight answer It authorized farmers to organize and patronage dividends which proposal was and I want these businesses fully taxed made last year .and defeated. · before you increase my or anyone else's contract their own corporate marketing income taxes again. and purchasing agent. It enabled them The 0ongressional exemption of farmer to provide their marketing agent with cooperatives was written into the Federal They assume that the people they were the skilled services of managers, ac income-tax law of 1926 (44 Stat. 39, sending it to are so illiterate they could countants, lawyers, and marketing 1926). not frame their own letter to their Con specialists which the farmers had so long The Federal income-tax law set up a gressman. needed and deserved. series .of detailed requirements for de Thus, Mr. Speaker, this unscrupulous The fight against the farmers has been termining a tax-exempt, nonprofit, co racketeering propaganda group collects long, vicious, unrelenting, and expensive operative corporation as follows: vast sums from the foes of the farmer for them. The farmers, until recently, First. The marketing or purchasing with which to fight the farm coopera thought that they had finally won the association must be organized by farm tives. It is the law of the land that a -bill of rights of United States cooperative ers, fruit growers, or like associations on lobby, either individual or an associa agriculture. a cooperative basis. tion engaged in lobbying must report to XCVII-171 • 2720 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MARCH 20 the Clerk of th'3 House of Representa situation. The great mass of the Mem Mr. DORN asked and was given per tives all contributions of $500 or more. bers are for the farmers of this country. mission to extend his remarks and in I have inserted the list of contribu And I might add this to my speech, that clude an article, notwithstanding the tions made to the lobby which seeks to the businessman can just remember what fact that it is estimated by the Public ~ut the throats of the American farm it means for the farmers to be prosper Printer to cost $266.50. ers. ous. What I am about to tell you comes Mr. MULTER asked and was given I am inserting at this point a sample frQm a noted economist. permission to extend his remarks and of the type of letters used to stir up ill A careful check of the record v1ill re include additional matter. will towards the Congress, and by such veal that each $1 of gross farm income Mr. RANKIN asked and was given per invidious means to gain further contri will generate $7 of national income and mission to extend his remarks and in butions. in the operation of our economy. gen clude excerpts from a fact sheet issued This is signed by Garner M. Lester, erate $4 of retail sales volume, $1 of fac by the Veterans' Adminfstration. president of the National Tax Equality tory payrolls and approximately $4.20 Mr. KEARNE~ asked and was given Association: of total wage payments, and so forth. permission to extend his remarks. NOVEMBER 27, 1950. All segments of our economy will ratio Mr. VAN ZANDT asked and was given 'Io all trade association and chamber of up and down with the gross farm income permission to extend his remarks and commerce executives: I have written you many times in recent with a normal lag of 6 to 12 months. include r.dditional matter. years seeking your help in the fight for tax Once we realize this simple, yet posi Mr. WIGGLESWORTH asked and was equality. Your response has always been tive, ratio of gross farm production to given permission tc extend his remarks prompt and the results splendid. Fre national income we can set up this dog and include a resolution. quently we have received constructive sug ma tic conclusion-no political party can Mr. BOGGS of Delaware asked and gestions that have been extremely helpful to operate the economy of the United States was given permission to extend his re us in making our combined efforts to secure on a basis of full employment and na marks and include additional matter. tax equality more effective. The enclosed tional solvency unless it is willing to sta Mr. HESS asked and was given per Bulletin No. 101 and tax 4F card came about as a result of such a sugg,estion that came bilize our gross farm income at a level mission to extend his remarks and in from Kentucky. high enough to provide the national in clude an editorial. Our most pressing problem is, as it al come required. Mr. PATTERSON asked and was given ways has been, to secure an eyer-increasing Businessmen in this country ought to permission to extend his remarks. volume of mail flowing to the Members of know, whether it be in the field of utili Mr. SADLAK asked ?.nd was given the Congress demanding the taxation of the ties or elsewhere, that only when the permission to extend his remarks and untaxed. farmer is prosperous can they be pros include an editorial. We think the tax 4F idea is attention get ting and, as a result, thought provoking. perous. That is a lesson we want to Mrs. ST. GEORGE asked and was We believe it will stimulate activity in the keep in mind as the years go on. given permission to extend her remarks form of mail or other contacts with the tax In conclusion, I am convinced that the in two instances. law framers in Washington. We want mil farm cooperative has been helpful to the Mr. DONDER0 (at the request of Mr. lions of income-tax payers to see the card, farmer, the stock raiser and the laborer, CANFIELD) was given permission to ex in the firm belief that hundreds of thou as well as the manufacturer. Millions of tend his remarks and include additional sands of them will write as suggested on farmers know this to be true. matter. · the back. The farm cooperatives give all of these Mr. MADDEN asked and was given The last election proved that the mass of voters and taxpayers are alert to the Federal a ch~nce to rise to a higher standard of permission to extend his remarks and tax situation and - are ready to translate living in the United States than obtains in~lude a telegram from Councilman their concern into action, particularly a anywhere else in the world among those John E. O'Donald, 'Of Hammond, Ind., Nation-wide demand for the equal taxation similarly engaged, and therefore makes and several other telegrams. of all income. for better, happier and more prosperous Mr. MANSFIELD asked and was given Please use the enclosed order blank to citizenship. perll\ission to extend his remarks, rela secure a supply of both the bulletin and EXTENSION OF REMARKS tive to the thirty-eighth and thirty the 4F card. Send them to your members. ninth parallels in Korea.· We will supply reorder blanks-addressed to Mr. ROONEY asked and was given Mr. LANE asked and was given per us--so that your members in turn can re permission to extend his remarks and mission to extend his remarks in three order additional supplies to circulate among include an address by His Excellency business associates and as mail enclosures. instances and include additional matter. The bulletin and tax 4F card are both avail Sean MacBride, Minister for External Mr. LECOMPTE asked and was given able in any quantity you or your members Affairs of Ireland, to the Overseas Press permission to extend his remarks and can effectively use to good advantage-free Club, New York, on Monday, March 19, include a letter from a constituent. and postpaid. We will welcome any novel 1951. Mr. KEATING asked and was given methods of distribution you may have and Mr. FOGARTY asked and was given permission to extend his remarks in two will work with you in carrying them out. permission to exte1id his remarks on a The well-known Co-op Tax Free Buck has instances and include editorials. 1 bill he has just introduced on a survey of Mr. D'EWART asked and was given exc'eeded 2~.000,000 circulation. We believe chronic diseases, and further to extend the tax 4F cards can enjoy comparable dis permission to extend his remarks. tribution. We believe that such mass dis hi:.; r~marks and include three addresses Mr. SAYLOR (at the request of Mr. tribution will produce a renewed volume of delivered during the past week, two by JAMES) was given permission to extend mail to Congress that will surpass anything the Minister for External Affairs of Ire his remarks. heretofore. land, Mr. MacBride; also an address by The more we get to write, the quicker we'll the Librarian of Congress, and a news Mr. COOLEY (at the request of Mr. win this fight. paper article. CHATHAM) was given permission to ex Very truly yours, Mr. FLOOD asked and was given per tena his remarks on the presentation of GARNER M. LESTER, mission to ·extend his remarks in two an award to ROBERT L. DOUGHTON. President. instances. Mr. CHA THAM asked and was given And yet these people claimed for 1947, Mr. ALBERT asked and was given per permission to extend his remarks. 1948, and up to December 1949, that they mission to extend his remarks and in LEAVE OF ABSENCE were not trying to influence legislation clude an address. By unanimous consent, leave of ab at all and leading people who contributed Mr. JONES of Alabama asked and was sence was granted to Mr. BucHANAN Federal funds for elimination of stream pollution; to the Committee on PUb H. R. 3386. A b111 for the relief of Joey H. R. 3369. A bill to amend the Civil Serv Guerrero; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ice Retirement Act of May 29, 1930, as lic Works. amended, with respect to officers and em By Mr. NORBLAD: Senate Joint Memorial H. R. 3387. A bill to authorize the Presi ployees of the Public Health Service assigned 4, adopted by the senate and house during the dent to present the Congressional Medal of to duty requiring contact with persons affiict forty-sixth legislative session of the Oregon Honor to WUliam C. Bonifay; to the Com ed with leprosy; to the Committee on Post Legislature, memorializing the Congress of mittee on A!'med Services. Office and Civil Service. the United States to consider the merits of By Mr. O'BRIEN of Michigan: By Mr. SIEMINSKI: the proposal for the authorization of the H. R. 3388. · A b111 for the relief of Juan H. R. 3370. A bill to provide double pay construction of timber access roads to aµd in Moreno; to the Committee on the Judiciary. for certain infantrymen in combat, and to the public forests of the United States as By Mr RABAUT: credit such infantrymen with double time outlined in House Joint Resolution 88, H. R. 3389. A b111 for the relief of Petrus for days spent in combat; to the Committee Eighty-second Congress, first session; to the Van Keer; to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Armed Services. Committee on Agriculture. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Legis By Mr. ROONEY: By Mr. McKINNON: H. R. 3390. A bill for the relief of Johann H. R. 3371. A bill to authorize annual lature of the State of Montana, urging the enactment of proper legislation to amend August Josefsson; to the Committee on the appropriations to the National Science Judiciary. Foundation for the purpose of increasing the the present Selective Service Act for the number of well-trained doctors of medicine, deferment of married men with children into the Armed Forces until all single men and PETITIONS, ETC. and for other purposes; to the Committee nonfathers in every State have been called; on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. to the Committee on Armed Services. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions By Mr. BECKWORTH: Also, memorial of the Legislature of the and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk H.J. Res. 211. Joint resolution consenting Territory of Alaska, urging that arrange to an interstate compact to conserve on and and referred as follows: ments be made with the Canadian Govern 153. By Mr. GOODWIN: Petition of Bos gas; to the Committee on Interstate and ment for certain surveys and road construc Foreign Commerce. ton City CouncU opposing legislation for tion; to the Committee on Public Works. the drafting of 18-year-old youths; to the By Mr. FLOOD: . Also, memorial of the Legislature of the . H. J. Res. 212. Joint resolution designat Territory of Alaska, relative to making war Committee on Armed Services. ing the first Sunday after Armistice Day in risk insurance available in the Territory of 154. Also, petition of Massachusetts Leg each year as Gold Star Mothers Day; to the Alaska; to the Committee on Veterans' islature protesting the present political divi Committee on the Judiciary. Affairs. sion of Ireland and the presence of British By Mr. FULTON: troops therein; to the Committee on Foreign H.J. Res. 213. Joint resolution to exempt Affairs. State clubs and fraternal organizations from PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS 155. Also, petition of Lynn (Mass.) City filing Form 990; to the Committee on Ways Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Council that no legislation be enacted for and Means. the purpose of taxation of State and mu H.J. Res. 214. Joint resolution to suspend bills and resolutions were introduced and severally referred as follows: nicipal bonds; to the Committee on Ways the operation of section 401 (e) of the Na and Means. tionality Act of 1940 in certain cases; to the By Mr. BENDER: 156. Also, petition of Medford (Mass.) Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 3372. A bill for the relief of Charles City Council opposing any proposed bill for H.J. Res. 215. Joint resolution to establish R. Logan; to the Committee on the the levying of a tax on State and municipal the Near East Survey Commission; to the Judiciary. bonds; to the Committee on Ways and Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mrs. BOLTON: Means. By Mr. MITCHELL: H. R. 3373. A bill for the relief of Ella H. Con. Res. 80. Concurrent resolution to Frenkel; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 157. By Mr. GROSS: Petition of the strengthen the United Nations; to the Com H. R. 3374. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Woman's Society of Christian Service of the mittee on Foreign Affairs. Lourdes Augusta Pereira Ladeiro Rose; to the Methodist Church of Cresco, Iowa, signed By Mr. FULTON: Committee on the Judiciary. by more than 30 members .of that organi H. Con. Res. 81. Concurrent resolution to By Mr. BREEN: zation, urging Congress to immediately favor a Pacific Pact and United States par H. R. 3375. A bill for the relief of Mrs. make available surplus wheat to India; to ticipation therein; to the Committee on Orinda Josephine Quigley; to the Commit the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Foreign Affairs. tee on the Judiciary. 158. By Mr. LESINSKI: Resolution of the H. Con. Res. 82. Concurrent resolution fa By Mr. FULTON: Council of the City of Dearborn, Mich., urg voring an organization for far eastern co H. R. 3376. A bill for the relief of Margaret ing the adoption of legislation providing for operation; to the Committee on Foreign K. N. Miller; to the Committee on the the construction of the St. Lawrence water Affairs. JUdiciar¥. way; to the Committee on Public Works.