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The German Compensation Program for Forced Labor: Practice and Experiences

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The German Compensation Program for Forced Labor: Practice and Experiences THE GERMAN COMPENSATION PROGRAM FOR FORCED LABOR: PRACTICE AND EXPERIENCES Edited by Günter Saathoff, Uta Gerlant, Friederike Mieth and Norbert Wühler THE GERMAN COMPENSATION PROGRAM FOR FORCED LABOR: PRACTICE AND EXPERIENCES Edited by Günter Saathoff, Uta Gerlant, Friederike Mieth and Norbert Wühler for the Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future Published 2017 by Stiftung Erinnerung Verantwortung und Zukunft Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future Friedrichstr. 200, 10117 Berlin [email protected] www.stiftung-evz.de ISBN: 978-3-9813377-9-2 Project management: Uta Gerlant Coordination of the publication: Friederike Mieth Editorial support: Anna Lena Vaje, Julia Möller Administrative support: Friederike Niemann Translation: Cornelia Nuxoll, Friederike Mieth Copy edit: Kristy S. Johnson Layout: ultramarinrot, Berlin © Stiftung “Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft”, Berlin 2017. All rights reserved. Parts of this publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted without full attribution. CONTENTS Contributors ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... VII List of Figures and Tables .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... XI List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. XII Preface Günter Saathoff ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... XIII Introduction Friederike Mieth and Günter Saathoff .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1 Establishing the Program Roland Bank ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 12 2 Eligibility Roland Bank ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26 3 Funding of the Program Susanne Sehlbach .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 4 Organizational Structure Susanne Sehlbach .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52 5 Outreach Dariusz Pawłoś and Norbert Wühler .................................................................................................................................................................................... 68 6 Claims Processing Norbert Wühler and Dariusz Pawłoś .................................................................................................................................................................................... 85 7 Claims Payment Norbert Wühler and Dariusz Pawłoś ............................................................................................................................................................................... 103 8 Controls and Audit Uta Gerlant ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 114 9 Additional Program Lines Norbert Wühler ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 128 10 Legal Closure Roland Bank .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 141 11 Ending the Program Uta Gerlant ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 152 12 The “Remembrance and Future” Fund Ralf Possekel .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 164 Conclusion Günter Saathoff and Friederike Mieth ............................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Annex 1: The Law on the Creation of a Foundation “Remembrance, Responsibility and Future” (“Foundation Law”) ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 197 Annex 2: Joint Statement on Occasion of the Final Plenary Meeting Concluding International Talks on the Preparation of the Foundation “Remembrance, Responsibility and Future” (“Joint Statement”) ......................................................................................................................................... 210 Annex 3: Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the Foundation “Remembrance, Responsibility and Future” (“US-German Agreement”) .................................................... 218 Annex 4: Statutes for the Foundation “Remembrance, Responsibility and Future” ..................... 230 Annex 5: Overall Funding for the Compensation Program for Forced Labor ....................................... 237 Annex 6: Total Payments by Partner Organizations to Beneficiaries .................................................................... 237 Annex 7: Number of Beneficiaries by Country ............................................................................................................................................ 238 Annex 8: Example of IOM Claim Form and Guidelines for Claimants ............................................................ 240 Annex 9: Excerpt from IOM Document “Evidentiary Guidelines” .......................................................................... 252 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 258 Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 264 CONTRIBUTORS VII CONTRIBUTORS ROLAND BANK Roland Bank was the Legal Adviser of the EVZ Foundation during the time when the forced labor compensation program was implemented from the Foundation’s early days in the year 2000 until the end of 2004. He was engaged in questions of rights to compensation for violations of international human rights and humanitarian law as a member of the International Law Association’s Committee on the Right to Reparation for Victims of Armed Conflict. He held various academic positions, inter alia at the Refugee Studies Centre at the University of Oxford, the Max-Planck-Institute for Public International and Comparative Public Law in Heidelberg and the European University Institute in Florence. He holds a Ph.D. in Law of the University of Freiburg. Currently, he heads the protection unit of UNHCR’s representation in Germany in Berlin. The views expressed in the contributions to this book are the author’s and are not necessarily shared by the UN or UNHCR. Email: [email protected] UTA GERLANT Uta Gerlant is a historian who worked for the EVZ Foundation from 2001 to 2016. She worked with the partner organizations in Poland and Ukraine during the implementation of the compensation payments and liaised with all partner organizations regarding the implementation of humanitarian programs financed by leftover funds. From 2008 to 2016 she was advisor to the Board of Directors of the EVZ Foundation. Since the early 1980s, Gerlant has been involved in different
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