13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/078:06AMPage1 Gala Dinner 40th Anniversary Highlighting the 4 NOTES United States-ChinaRelations National Committeeon Initiative Candidates Presidential 2 Greenberg Hank Highlights Meeting Members 5 Kunstadter Geraldine Director Committee with National An Interview V olume 34,Number2 Summer /Fall2006 19 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 2

A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Highlighting the Presidential 2 Candidates Initiative S E

Chinese People’s Association for T Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC). The two organizations

O share the programming tasks: CPAFFC sets up all of the official

N meetings and the Committee sets up supplementary meetings with National Committee friends and China-based members. The first potential presidential candidate to accept our offer was former Democratic Senator from North Carolina and 2004 vice-pres- idential nominee, John Edwards. With his busy schedule before the November 2006 midterm elections, he could only spare six days in late August. Unfortunately, just a few weeks before we were due to leave, our CPAFFC hosts had to cancel From left to right: Steve Orlins, Senator John Edwards, and Derek Chollet during a visit to the visit because of an unexpected Tiananmen and the Forbidden City. scheduling conflict. Given Senator Edwards’ extremely tight schedule, I want to use my newsletter col- us to conclude that we could he could not find another six free umn to highlight the Presidential uniquely add value in this area. consecutive days so we finally had Candidates Initiative – a new Through the Presidential to settle for a four-day trip from National Committee program. The Candidates Initiative, the National October 16 to 19. Initiative is a direct outgrowth of Committee is providing the oppor- This meant we (Senator the debate surrounding CNOOC’s tunity for potential 2008 presiden- Edwards; Derek Chollet, Senator failed acquisition of UNOCAL and tial candidates to visit China in Edwards’ long time foreign policy a reaffirmation of our belief that order to engage in direct dialogue adviser and a CSIS fellow; and I) education of our political leaders is with Chinese officials, business only had 50 hours on the ground. critical to U.S.-China relations. executives and specialists in inter- But we packed those 50 hours as The recent election of a more pro- national relations, economic devel- fully as we could. An hour after COVER PHOTO: tectionist Congress, coupled with opment and other fields. While arriving in Beijing, the Senator met National Committee the news on the same day that the U.S. relations with China consti- with C.H. Tung, former chief exec- president Stephen reserves of the People’s Bank of tute one of the most challenging utive of Hong Kong and currently Orlins (second from China exceed one trillion USD, and complex bilateral relationships, vice-chairman of the China right) is joined by make the need for education even American politicians and policy People’s Political Consultative (left to right) honoree more important. A trip that the makers often have limited opportu- Conference, who delayed his flight Muhtar Kent, PRC National Committee arranged for nities to talk directly with the Consul General to home in order meet with Edwards. New York Liu Biwei the US-China Congressional Chinese policy elite; through the From there the group went to the and honoree Working Group in January 2006 Presidential Candidates Initiative, home of National Committee William Weldon. (see my President’s Column in the we hope to bridge this gap. The Members Chris and Freda Murck, Photo by: Elsa Ruiz Spring 2006 issue of NOTES) led Chinese host organization is the CEO of APCO Asia and former 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 3

curator for Asian art at the ground, the Senator was particular- but rarely with political leaders. Metropolitan Museum of Art ly interested in Victor’s discussion He painted a bleak picture of respectively, for discussion over on polling in China. China’s environmental situation dinner with other long time China- Senator John Edwards was the and the coordination between local hands and National Committee perfect person to inaugurate the and central government environ- members, including my predeces- Presidential Candidates Initiative. mental agencies and complained 3 sor, John Holden; former deputy Having never been to China, he that he had far too few workers in N chief of mission at the U.S. went with an open mind to learn his agency to tackle its enormous embassy, Bill McCahill; CNN and see first hand what China is workload. The minister of com- bureau chief Jimi FlorCurz; coun- experiencing. His ability to absorb merce laid out China’s position on O try director and chief of mission for information rapidly and ask point- the trade deficit. He explained the

the World Bank, David Dollar; ed questions was remarkable. role of foreign investors in the T managing director of Shanghai Virtually every meeting quickly deficit, the transfer of the deficit

AIAL Information Consulting delved beneath the surface so that from other Asian countries to E Company, Andrew Andreasen; and Senator Edwards could understand China, and the difference in how

the China bureau chief for the Wall the assumptions behind the poli- the United States and China calcu- S Street Journal, Rebecca Blumenstein. cies. Every minister the Senator late the deficit. Oil and China’s With a combined time of over saw was forthright, friendly and frank. increasing reliance on imported oil 150 years of living and working in The discussion with the foreign was another important topic. China and such articulate, thought- minister ranged across all of the Our host, CPAFFC, did a terrific ful people, the discussion was out- issues in U.S.-China relations job lining up high level, high quali- standing and c6vered a broad range beginning with North Korea (the ty meetings. The sessions were all of issues including China’s econo- meeting was held in the room at substantive and Senator Edwards my, the media in China, education, the Diaoyutai next to where the six learned an enormous amount. He human rights, poverty alleviation party talks are held); moving on to left China with an infinitely clearer and Sino-American relations. Iran, Sudan, nonproliferation, view of where China is, where it is Despite having just stepped off the Taiwan, trade, energy, China’s role going and what that means for the plane, Senator Edwards was fully at the UN, and human rights; and United States. engaged and so the discussion ending with the upcoming U.S. A week after our return, the went on well past dinner. The midterm elections. The meeting National Committee and the Asia group’s insights helped prepare with the defense minister focused Society co-hosted an an event at Edwards for a full round of meet- on transparency, military-to-mili- which the Senator spoke about the ings over the next day and a half tary exchanges, a hot line between visit to China and was interviewed with the following leaders: the Chinese Ministry of Defense by 60 Minutes’ Leslie Stahl (see and the U.S. Defense Department, page 23). • Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing problems with previous arms sales This trip helped educate • Defense Minister Cao from the United States to China, Senator Edwards about China and Gangchuan and China’s defense planning. allowed him to begin to build rela- • Education Minister Zhou Ji The minister of education tionships with senior people in the • Vice Minister of the State focused on China’s efforts to equal- government of China. Whatever Environmental Protection ize education throughout the coun- his future, Senator Edwards will Agency Pan Yue try, its English language training remain an influential national polit- • Commerce Minister Bo Xilai effort, why Chinese choose to ical leader, and when China comes • Former Shanghai Mayor study engineering and math and up as an issue he will speak from Xu Kuangdi, and China’s ability to train and absorb direct experience. I • CPAFFC President Chen into the work force thousands of Haosu engineers annually. The meeting with the vice-minister of the State The second night’s dinner was Environmental Protection Agency, with several very engaging Chinese was also fascinating. He had flown scholars: Cui Liru, president of the back from Mongolia just for the China Institutes of Contemporary meeting (and returned to Mongolia International Relations; Peking that afternoon) and was thrilled to University economist, Justin Lin be speaking with a political leader Yifu; and Victor Yuan, chairman of as famous as Senator Edwards, Horizon Research Consultancy explaining that he regularly meets Group. Given his political back- with other environmental leaders 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 4

In her keynote address, 40th Anniversary Ambassador Schwab picked up on the “responsible stakeholder” theme that then-Deputy Secretary Gala Dinner of State Robert B. Zoellick intro- 4 duced at our 2005 Gala. In her remarks, she pointed to some of the challenges and opportunities that China and the United States S face as joint stakeholders in the global trading system, including the E Doha Round of trade negotiations. Highlights of the evening T included letters from President George Bush and Chinese O President Hu Jintao, read by National Committee Chair, Carla N A. Hills and Chinese Ambassador to the United Nations, Wang Guangya, respectively. Also of interest was the showing of an eight minute clip of an hour-long National Committee documentary that is being pro- Chair Carla Hills duced by the Voice of America (to welcomes U.S. show in China) on the last four Trade Representative decades of Sino-American relations Susan Schwab. as seen through the prism of the Photo by: Elsa Ruiz National Committee. The National Committee cele- since then. Coca-Cola has also The Gala raised more than brated its 40th anniversary Gala been supportive of National $1.1 million for the National Dinner in New York City on the Committee projects for many years, Committee’s programs, with 55 evening of October 12, 2006. beginning with the visit companies and dozens of individu- I Nearly 500 guests attended the of the Chinese Ping Pong team als providing support. event, which was also an occasion in 1972. to recognize the contributions William Weldon is chairman and made by two business leaders, chief executive officer of Johnson Muhtar Kent and William C. & Johnson, a leading manufacturer Weldon, to strengthening U.S.- of healthcare products and provider Right: Former China relations. U.S. Trade of related services for the con- Secretary of State Representative Susan C. Schwab sumer, medical devices and diag- Madeleine K. Albright was the speaker. nostics markets. He has held posi- talks with Assistant Muhtar Kent is executive vice tions in Johnson & Johnson entities Secretary of State president of The Coca-Cola in the United States and abroad Christopher Hill. Company and president of Coca- during his 35-year career with the Photo by: Elsa Ruiz Cola International, with responsi- company. Johnson & Johnson bility for all of the company’s oper- began its China operations in 1985 ations outside of North America. and now has seven entities in the In China, he oversees a market that country; it was named “Employer Bottom Right: has grown to be the company’s of the Year” in January 2006 in National Committee Director Tom Gorrie fourth largest. Coca-Cola was the a Chinese Central Television greets Wang Guangya, first American consumer company competition. China's Ambassador to return to China after Sino- Both honorees were presented to the United Nations, American relations were normal- with scrolls of calligraphy and and his wife, ized in 1979 and it has been an painting done by famed Chinese Madame Cong Jun. innovative business leader and artist Wu Huan, who traveled from Photo by: Elsa Ruiz strong corporate citizen in the years Beijing for the event. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 5

The conversation then moved to Members’ Meeting Mr. Greenberg’s views on the cur- rent state of Sino-American rela- tions, and U.S. foreign policy Highlights Hank Greenberg toward China. Mr. Greenberg 5 pointed out that while many Americans have a cursory under- N standing of China, very few truly understand its leaders, history, and For more than 30 years, Maurice in 1972, I believed from the very O future political and economic aspi- R. “Hank” Greenberg has played a beginning that you couldn’t keep a rations. With its rich, 5,000-year

singular role in advancing a healthy country the size of China out of the T history and distinct culture of its and constructive relationship world trading system or the world own, Mr. Greenberg also warned

between the United States and community. It was only a matter of E against trying to make China over China. As a business leader, he has time [before] it had to open and in the American image. “I don’t

cultivated relations with China’s [interact with] the rest of the world.” S think you can go around the world leaders, advocated for opening the In 1974, Mr. Greenberg initiated and try to convince anybody to be country’s markets to greater foreign his first contact with the People’s like we are. I think you have to investment and encouraged its Insurance Company of China take countries as they are and not integration into the global commu- (PICC), and in 1975 received his try to proselytize to them to try to nity. He also has generously con- first invitation to visit. Given his lead- be everything like us. That’s a mis- tributed his expertise and financial ership in the field, Mr. Greenberg take. And I think we’ve just seen support to dozens of organizations was able to help PICC leaders, as evidence of that in the election.” that seek to expand and enhance well as senior Chinese leaders, bet- Mr. Greenberg pointed out that the bilateral relationship. The Starr ter understand the value of insur- many issues in U.S.-China relations Foundation, which he chairs, has ance, thus leading to an expansion are often exaggerated which cre- been a long-time and generous of the industry within the Peoples’ ates a lack of understanding and supporter of the National Committee. Republic of China. Mr. Greenberg miscommunication. He noted that This year, Mr. Greenberg and the also reflected on the political the United States cannot and Starr Foundation once again atmosphere in China during his should not prevent China from demonstrated the depth of their first visit at the end of the Cultural achieving its full potential “You commitment to strengthening Revolution, noting that he felt an can’t say to China or any country, U.S.-China relations by awarding overwhelming sense of bottled ‘we don’t want you to be as com- the National Committee a three- up potential waiting eagerly to year, $3 million grant. The reveal itself. continued on page 26 Committee will use this money to fund its new Policy Leaders Orientation Program and the Presidential Candidates Initiative, among others. During the Annual Members Meeting, held November 9 in New York City, Mr. Greenberg shared his experiences, insights, and advice in an interview with Leslie “Les” Gelb, president emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations. After a thoughtful introduction from National Committee Chair Carla Hills, Mr. Gelb turned the floor over to Mr. Greenberg who recounted his experiences in Korea during the Korean War and how he became Les Gelb (left) and Hank Greenberg interested in doing business in (right) take a moment China. Mr. Greenberg noted: to reflect after the “After Nixon and Kissinger’s visit program. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 6

In Memoriam: Raymond P. Shafer 6

S partner and senior counselor at the international accounting firm of E Coopers and Lybrand in 1977, leav- ing in 1985 to return to his (and his T wife’s and three children’s) alma mater, Allegheny College, as acting

O president. The National Committee

N asked Ray to serve as our chairman in 1982, two years into the Reagan presidency. It was initially unclear how relations with China might develop, and Ray used his connec- tions to the new administration to great and positive effect. His solid leadership, wise counsel and good will made an enduring contribution to constructive U.S.-China relations Chinese President Li Xiannian, Zhou Wenzhong (then interpreter now Ambassador to the United and to our organization. States) and Governor Ray Shafer; July 1985. The following are excerpts from It is with deep sadness that we tenant governor and finally gover- remarks made by David M. announce the passing of Raymond nor, an office he held from 1967 Lampton, president of the National P. Shafer, the longest serving chair- to 1971. Committee, when Ray stepped man of the National Committee. Ray was an innovative and pro- down after a decade of service. The son of a minister in rural gressive governor. He modernized “Ray has been a superb chair- Pennsylvania, Ray was raised in the state’s constitution and judicial man. Under his stewardship the Meadville, his lifelong home. His system, introduced efficient man- Committee’s corporate program four years at Meadville’s Allegheny agement and sound fiscal planning, has grown, the U.S.-China College were a precursor to the rest and established many successful Distinguished Citizen’s Dialogue of his busy life: he was Phi Beta programs for economic develop- (the first series of Track II discus- Kappa, class president for four ment, environmental protection, sions with the PRC) was devel- years and student body president education, mental health, and the oped, cutting-edge exchanges in during his senior year, captain of disadvantaged. During his tenure, numerous areas have taken place, the basketball team and graduated Pennsylvania enjoyed the lowest and the Committee has held to a cum laude and with nine academic unemployment rate, the highest steady course in heavy seas when it letters! After receiving his LL.B. per capita income, and the largest might well have capsized…Beyond from Yale Law School, Ray went influx of new business than for any seeing his achievements up close, into the Navy as an intelligence comparable period in the history of however, working with Ray has officer and PT boat commander, the State. given me a broader sense of why he winning several decorations for his Ray might also have attained has been so successful. It has to do military service. Perhaps the most national office: Richard Nixon with three of Ray’s basic qualities. notable fact is that he took General asked him to join the 1968 ticket as “First, Ray understands people: MacArthur “back” to Corregidor the vice presidential candidate, but he is superb in dealing with them on his PT boat. He subsequently Ray turned down the offer as he and assessing what they can con- resumed his law practice in was close to Nelson Rockefeller, tribute to an organization’s mis- Meadville, working his way up in whom he later served as counselor sion….Second, he believes in fun- local politics – as a county district (1975 to 1977) when the latter was damentals and isn’t sidetracked by attorney, a state senator, the lieu- vice president. Ray became a the latest unstable ebb and flow of 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 7

popular opinion… China is clear that he was deeply embar- important and it is important to rassed. What most stands out to America’s future. We therefore me about that lunch, and many must coexist and cooperate with things do, was the fact that Ray it, but at the same time we must had a choice of whether to eat in a In Memoriam remain true to ourselves and pro- private room or in the main din- 7 tect our interests. Ray is a ing room. Without hesitation he N uniquely admirable blend of prin- chose the main dining room, say- ciple and practicality….And final- ing, ‘No. We stick with our ly, like President Eisenhower friends – and I want the table in Frederic Wakeman O (who once commented that Ray the middle of the dinning hall!’ had ‘brains, integrity and guts’), During the lunch, many of the The China scholarly com- T he believes that ‘trust is the coin Ambassador’s ‘old friends’ munity lost one of its pillars of the realm.’ He trusts the peo- feigned not to see him as they when Frederic Wakeman died E ple around him, he gives them moved past our table. Ray later in September at the age of 68 S latitude to develop their skills evinced a certain contempt for at his home in Lake Oswego, and creativity, and he is support- this. He felt, I believe, that this Oregon. A professor emeritus ive. For all of the above, I and was when our long-standing asso- at University of California, everyone on the staff, thank him. ciates and friends needed under- Berkeley, Fred was well “One incident strikes me with standing, not being tarred with known for his meticulously a force that will never leave me the ill-considered decisions of a researched books, ranging in and which is emblematic of Ray's few in Beijing, and certainly not topic from the establishment deep character and underlying rebuke and humiliation.” of the Qing Dynasty to the goodness. He and I had a pre- Mike’s comments testify to the philosophical underpinnings existing luncheon set up at the deep character of the friend, col- of Maoism. Fred was also Metropolitan Club for June 8, league, and leader that we have very influential in the estab- 1989 with Ambassador Han Xu. lost. Our sympathy is extended to lishment of scholarly ex- Everyone was reeling from June Ray’s beloved wife Jane, with changes between the United 4, and the Chinese Embassy had whom he celebrated 65 years of States and China in the 1970s become a pariah overnight. marriage this summer, his daughter and 1980s. He was a member Ambassador Han, a very proud Dianne, son Phillip, three grand- of the National Committee man, arrived about a half hour children, great grandchild and his from 1973 until his death and late. He apologized, saying that many other relatives and close served on the Board from he had to go out the back door of friends. We were honored to count 1990 to 1993. the Embassy to avoid the demon- ourselves among the latter. I strators at the front door; it was Graham Steenhoven

Long-time member Graham Steenhoven died in October at the age of 94. Graham was the president of the U.S.Table Tennis Association in the 1970s and, as such, headed the American ping pong team on its historic visit to China in April 1971. For the next year he worked closely with the National Committee as the two organi- zations planned the second part of what came to be known as Ping Pong Diplomacy, the visit of the Chinese ping pong team to the United States in Governor Ray Shafer welcomes Foreign Minister Qian Qichen to a June 1988 National April 1972. I Committee dinner; David Lampton, then National Committee president, looks on. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 8

Visits were made to a range of National Committee institutions of higher learning including a community college, a four-year research university, Education Programs a four-year undergraduate college, 8 a private research university, and a religious-based university. We were fortunate to have several new and extremely hos- S pitable hosts for the delegation. Metropolitan State College of E Denver (known as Metro Denver) is an unusual school in many T respects, committed to educating non-traditional students who might O otherwise lack access to higher education. It is a four-year under- N graduate college that shares a cam- pus with the Community College of Denver and the University of Colorado, minimizing administra- tive redundancy and therefore functioning very efficiently. The College collaborates with the near- by Front Range Community College on programs that literally Above right: The National Committee has enjoyed Public Higher Education cannot fit onto the campus already Spring 2006 a productive partnership with the U.S. Administration Delegation shared by three institutions. The Education Delegation Department of Education and the College’s administrators went to with members of the Chinese Ministry of Education for over A group of 12 Chinese educators, extraordinary lengths to welcome Minnesota House of 25 years, implementing programs cov- comprised primarily of university the delegation, spending weeks Representatives ered by a bi-lateral Memorandum of and provincial level education offi- prior to the group’s visit in internal Understanding on education. The cials from western China briefings on Chinese culture to MOU covers the Fulbright-Hays (Chongqing, Gansu, Guangxi, avoid any faux pas, and preparing Seminars Abroad Program that sends Guizhou, Ningxia, Shaanxi, extensively so that they could pre- 16 secondary and post-secondary edu- Sichuan, Tibet, and Xinjiang), and sent information that would inter- cators to China for approximately four representatives of the Ministry of est the visitors. The delegation weeks of seminars and site visits and Education, visited Washington, members were particularly brings two groups of twelve Chinese D.C., Minneapolis-St. Paul, impressed that the College presi- educators to the United States for two- Denver, and Los Angeles June 3- dent, Stephen Jordan, stayed with week programs annually. In June and 16, 2006 to explore public higher them throughout their visit for an July 2006 two delegations traveled to education administration in the array of briefings on many aspects the United States and China, respec- United States. Based on interests of the college’s administration, a tively. Funding for these programs expressed by the delegation mem- tour of the campus, and an elegant comes from the Department of bers prior to their arrival, we lunch that made them feel wel- Education’s International Education designed a program that provided come and honored. Programs Service of the Office of briefings on the following: We benefited enormously from Postsecondary Education. The • Overview of American public two “alumni” of the June 2004 National Committee worked with the higher education; Minority Serving Institutions China Education Association for • Roles of the state and federal Seminar Abroad program: International Exchange on all three of governments in higher educa- Dr. Lawrence Geraty, president of the following programs. tion; La Sierra University, and • Financing of higher education; Dr. William Aguilar, California • Student recruitment, academic State University at San Bernardino support and employment vice president, both readily agreed counseling. to host the delegation. Dr. Geraty, born in China to missionary par- 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 9

ents, invited his 91-year-old father Fulbright-Hays Seminar Abroad them hope to find ways to keep the to join the group for lunch and connections that were made going everyone in the delegation was The theme for the 2006 and to engage their own students delighted to meet and talk with Fulbright-Hays Seminar Abroad in collaborative programs with the him. The president of CSUSB also ETP students. (June 26-July 31) was “Tradition 9 devoted much time to the group, and Transformation,” so lectures Also in Xining the group met focusing on one of the delegation’s with the deputy director of the

and site visits for the 16 secondary N key interests – the role of the uni- and post-secondary educators Education Bureau in Qinghai versity in the community. addressed the major social, eco- province, Mr. Zhao Haiping, who O Another major interest was the nomic, and political changes of was a participant in the Fall 2005 relationships among the federal contemporary China. Beijing, education delegation to the United and state governments and institu- Xi’an, and Shanghai are always part States. Mr. Zhao discussed the T tions of higher education. We of the Seminar Abroad itinerary; challenges that the Bureau faces therefore arranged for briefings the fourth city is either Chengdu, and stressed the need for increased E from staff members at the U.S. Kunming or Guilin. This year, educational exchanges. Department of Education and the however, we sent the Fulbrighters From Xining the group proceed- S National Science Foundation, as to Qinghai province – to the capi- ed to Tongren for a program that well as with staff and elected offi- tal, Xining, as well as Tongren and included home stays, thangka cials of the Committee on Minhe Counties. painting workshops, and a meeting Education and the Workforce of The delegation spent half a day at the Tibetan Cultural the U.S. House of Representatives. visiting the English Training Preservation Center. The high- On the state level, the group spoke Program (ETP) for Tibetan stu- light of the day and a half there to members of the Houses of dents at Qinghai Normal was attending the last day of a Minnesota and Colorado, and to a University in Xining. ETP trains weeklong festival for the mountain Colorado state Senator. Tibetan students to teach English gods in a neighboring village. Each Many NGO’s in Washington in their own communities and to village has its own mountain god, and beyond are involved in educa- create community development and during the course of the cele- tion policy making. The delega- projects. One student completed bration, which includes dancing, tion met with representatives of thirteen projects, benefiting more drumming, and burning incense the American Association of State than 20,000 people, in medicine, and juniper branches, the moun- Colleges and Universities and the solar energy, schools, libraries, and tain god makes itself manifest American Council on Education in distribution of second hand through a village intermediary. Washington, and with the clothes; several other students set Villagers report many of the past Education Commission of the up local, grassroots NGOs; and year’s events to the mountain god States and the Colorado another is involved in language (via the intermediary), who com- Commission on Higher Education preservation. The Fulbright par- ments on the events and gives in Denver. ticipants were extremely impressed advice. with the program and several of The group traveled next to Minhe County, where they were met by Mr. Zhu Yongzhong and many residents of Guanting Township, who had lined up on the street to welcome the visiting Americans, and then feted the group with a banquet hosted and prepared by the village elders. Mr. Zhu is a participant in the National Committee’s Young Leaders Forum (YLF). He is an indefatigable man who founded and runs his own NGO, the Left: Sanchuan Development 2006 Fulbright-Hays Association. The Association is Seminars Abroad Program participants involved in small-scale community at the Qinghai development projects, including Bureau of Education.

continued on next page 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 10

Teachers Exchange Program exclusively with TAG students, but the regular students were so inter- With generous support from the ested in studying Chinese that two Freeman Foundation, as well as elective classes for them were added, one for each teacher. 10 contributions from participating schools and program “alumni,” the Douglas County is an affluent Teachers Exchange Program is now and fast-growing area between in its 11th year. The 24 Chinese Denver to the north and Colorado Springs to the south. The district

S teachers invited to the United States for the 2005-2006 school has made a very public commit- ment to foreign language instruc- E year completed their sojourns and returned home during the summer. tion in general, and to Chinese in particular. Chinese is taught at T Eighteen of them chose to partici- pate in our annual study tour to three high schools in the district Williamsburg, VA; Washington, now; at least two middle schools O D.C.; and New York City prior to and another high school will add their departure. It was clear from Chinese next year. N their thoughtful questions and Norman, Oklahoma, home of the National Committee Educational Programs, insightful observations that the University of Oklahoma flagship continued from page 9 year had made a deep impression campus, has a quite international constructing primary schools in on the participants, and stimulated and cosmopolitan population. The very poor villages, providing solar- serious reflection in many areas. principal of an elementary school Above and below: powered cooking devices to resi- This year we have eight that borders the university was very 2006-2007 TEP dents in the area, and building American teachers in Beijing, eager to receive an exchange teacher, June Miles, water collection systems to trap and Luoyang, Hefei, Nanjing, and teacher. We usually place more teaches students about utilize rainwater. Suzhou. Their program began with than one teacher in a given locale so Halloween at Hefei The Fulbright participants were an orientation in July held at the that they may provide mutual sup- Number 2 Middle able to meet with other YLF par- Thayer Hotel on the grounds of port in a very unfamiliar environ- School in Anhui ticipants, as well as former Time West Point. The teachers left for ment far from home, but Norman province. Warner interns, at an informal din- China in late August, and are set- could accommodate just one per- ner on the last evening of the tling in very well. son; we decided to take a chance, Seminar in Shanghai. This provid- There has been much press in selecting a teacher who seemed ed a good opportunity to meet with recent months about the increasing both strong and flexible. Thus far very bright, young Chinese and demand for Chinese language the match has been wonderful. learn their views about life, careers, instruction in American K-12 In addition to the five teachers in and the future of China. schools. Whereas in the past we Brockton, Douglas County, and The optional extension to Hong sometimes had to explain why Norman, we have 19 others thriving Kong in which all 16 delegation American children should even in other parts of Massachusetts and members chose to participate this consider studying Chinese, now we Oklahoma as well as in Connecticut, year, was once again very success- are in the happy but unfamiliar Florida, New Hampshire, New I ful. We are fortunate to have excel- position of having far more place- York, and Wisconsin. lent partners in the Hong Kong ment possibilities for our Chinese Economic and Trade Office, as well exchange teachers than we can pos- as at Hong Kong University, who sibly accommodate. are committed to the Fulbright pro- We have teachers in three new – gram and who work hard to set up and very different – locations this informative briefings for the group. year: Brockton, Massachusetts; Participants gained an understand- Douglas County, Colorado; and ing of Hong Kong’s relationship Norman, Oklahoma. Brockton is a with the Mainland, its political and working class city about 60 miles economic transformation since the south of Boston. There are two handover in 1997, and its unique exchange teachers at the Gilmore education and legal systems. The Academy there, a public middle group also went to the U.S. school with a large “Talented and Consulate for an informative brief- Gifted” (TAG) program. The origi- ing on Hong Kong’s history. nal plan was for the teachers to work 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 11

Washington, D.C. The Chinese HIV/AIDS met with journalists and other media professionals whose cover- age of HIV/AIDS has had an and the Media impact on policy debates, as well as on public awareness and attitudes. 11 The group also visited HIV/AIDS N service providers, public health officials, medical researchers, and A grant from the U.S. professionals covering HIV/AIDS, others whose organizations are on O Department of State’s Bureau of we hoped our project would achieve the forefront of the fight against

Educational and Cultural Affairs a trickle-down effect. HIV/AIDS to learn about the ways T provided the National Committee The group included an excel- that AIDS-related stigma and dis-

the opportunity to conduct a two- lent mix: we had representation crimination have been addressed in E way exchange project focusing on from dailies, weeklies, and bi- the United States and elsewhere.

the media’s role in HIV/AIDS pre- monthlies; from both print and Participants also received a two-day S vention and care. The first phase television; and from some of the training session organized by our brought seven Chinese journalists most-watched/read publications in partner organization, the Johns to the United States in March and the country: Caijing magazine, Hopkins-based Center for April 2006 and the second sent a Southern Weekend, and CCTV’s Communication Programs (CCP) at delegation of five American media “News Probe” (a Chinese equiva- the Bloomberg Center for Pubic and communication specialists to lent of “60 Minutes”) were a few of Health, on ways of designing and implementing strategic communi- cation programs that influence dis- course and behavior. The Center’s main programs are concerned with health communications projects such as educational entertainment pro- grams (e.g., soap operas with strong HIV/AIDS and reproductive health messages inserted throughout) and Public Service Announcements. Other highlights of the 2-day training session include the following: Left: • Laurie Garrett, a Pulitzer-prize The HIV/Media dele- winning AIDS reporter for New gation, accompanied York Newsday now at the Council on by the vice mayor of Foreign Relations (and sister of Changsha, at a site China specialist Banning Garrett), visit to Changsha talked to the delegation about the City Center for “AIDS Superhighway” developing Disease Control. along newly opened drug trade China to lead workshops in Beijing, the publications represented. routes between China and Burma. Changsha and Guangzhou for two Some of these publications/shows • Two men living with HIV met weeks in May. enjoy national audiences, others the group at D.C.’s Whitman Participants in the first phase provincial; some operate with sig- Walker Clinic for a very thoughtful were selected by the Committee nificant independence, others discussion of how the disease has from among those with experience under stricter state control. affected their lives and their rela- reporting/producing stories on We arranged a variety of meet- tionships with others. Of particular HIV/AIDS in some of China’s more ings in New York and San interest to the delegation was their sophisticated media markets, as Francisco (the two epicenters of experience with antiretroviral they tend to serve as role models for the American HIV/AIDS epidemic (ARV) drug therapies and the media elsewhere. We also favored and home to many experienced descriptions of their side effects. individuals from organizations with journalists covering the disease), as • The director of the Magnet a track record of independent, well as in Baltimore (home of U.S. Clinic, a storefront drop-in center in investigative reporting. By focusing project partner Johns Hopkins on the top end of Chinese media University) and nearby continued on next page 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 12

HIV/AIDS and the Media, continued from page 11 The three journalists each have organizations who attended, San Francisco, explained how the extensive experience covering the including people from UNAIDS, rapid HIV test is administered. HIV/AIDS epidemics: Mr. Sabin the CDC’s Global AIDS Program, One of the Chinese journalists in Russell, a 30-year veteran who the Clinton Foundation and the the group wanted very much to writes about medical science and U.S. Embassy. 12 take the test himself as a role-play- health policy for the San Francisco The workshop in Beijing was ing exercise to see exactly how the Chronicle; Ms. Huntly Collins, who held at Tsinghua University in col- technology functioned. The spent 18 years reporting for The laboration with our Chinese part- request was refused, but it led to an Philadelphia Inquirer before becom- ner, Tsinghua’s School of S interesting discussion on false posi- ing a journalism professor, and who Journalism and Communication. tives, privacy, and international law. has trained journalists from sub- Supported by a generous grant E • Two lawyers who run Lambda Saharan Africa as well as minority from Mr. David A. Jones, Jr., of the Legal’s HIV/AIDS division led a communities in the United States C.E. & S. Foundation, we were T session on how the organization how to cover the AIDS epidemics; able to expand significantly the uses the court system to fight stig- and Mr. Kai Wright, a freelance scope of the workshop by extend- O ma and discrimination and the journalist in New York who con- ing it to two and half days and by criminalization of HIV infectors. tributes regularly to leading publi- inviting more than half of the par- N • The founder and three mem- cations as well as community press ticipants from outside Beijing. The bers of Positive Voices, Positive and has authored a number of 28 participants in the Tsinghua Choices, a Baltimore nonprofit that workshop came from across the sends HIV-positive men into country, representing the provinces Baltimore City public schools to As a result of the of Gansu and Xinjiang in the north- talk frankly about HIV/AIDS, dis- workshop, the American west; Guangxi, Hunan and Sichuan cussed their advocacy and educa- group came to understand in the south and southwest; Jilin in tional work. more about the the northeast, as well as Zhejiang in eastern China. They work in The second phase of the pro- challenging environment gram, the workshops in China, was print, radio, TV and on-line jour- in which their Chinese nalism. The potential impact of also extremely successful. Our del- counterparts who report egation was made up of five very the workshop was much enhanced on HIV/AIDS operate. experienced experts: two repre- with the inclusion of these journal- sentatives from our CCP partner ists from outside Beijing. and three journalists. Ms. Alice As a result of the workshop, the Merritt, deputy director of the books on the state of AIDS and American group came to under- CCP, has over 20 years of field other topics of concern to the stand more about the challenging experience in behavior change African American community. environment in which their The delegation arrived in Chinese counterparts who report communication for HIV prevention Beijing during the weekend of May on HIV/AIDS operate. In China and other public health issues 20-21, fortuitously the same week- today, government interference across 20 countries, and Dr. end that Beijing was hosting the with news reportage remains Benjamin Lozare, associate director 2006 International AIDS strong; some participants cited spe- and chief of training at the CCP, Candlelight Memorial. The cific examples of their stories not was previously the dean of the Memorial’s objectives – “to raise being allowed into print, often not College of Arts and Sciences at the awareness of HIV/AIDS, to spread as a matter of policy, but because University of the Philippines and the important message of preven- they ran afoul of local protected the first director-general of the tion and ultimately to decrease the interests. On the other hand, there Philippine Information Agency. stigma and discrimination associat- has been a greater openness and Given their years of working with ed with the infection” – made it a tolerance in public health reporting developing countries, both are sen- particularly appropriate event to following the SARS crisis, which sitive to local cultures and condi- kick off our program. The event has been frequently cited as a tions and their substantive knowl- was organized by Positive Art defining moment in China’s efforts edge in the field and emphasis on Workshop, a non-governmental to contain the AIDS epidemics. leadership, prevention and strate- HIV support group that uses art Greater obstacles come from the gic communication complemented and other creative efforts to inspire general public, whose fear of and the journalists’ presentations on and help persons living with intense prejudice against PLWHA the role of media in efforts against HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The delega- make AIDS reporting imperative, HIV/AIDS and the techniques of tion members took the opportunity but whose general apathy makes its coverage. to talk to many officials of AIDS AIDS reporting a hard sell to editors. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 13

It also comes from the nature of Chinese journalism, where most Fourth U.S. Foreign Policy reporters are required to produce a certain number of articles per week, with their pay linked Colloquium accordingly. Most reporters 13 therefore can hardly afford the N luxury of spending weeks preparing an investigative or human-interest piece that puts a O human face on those living with

HIV, even though they recognize T it as an effective way to dispel

prejudice and discrimination. E Still, within the great con-

straints every reporter faces, S there is room for each to improve by learning effective reporting strategies. This became the focus of the presentations and discussions, an area the American experts could speak to with great authority. Both Mr. Russell and Ms. Collins started covering AIDS in the earliest stage of the epidemic in the Since its inception in 2003, the This year’s program opener was Above left: United States, when it was not a annual U.S.-China Foreign Policy a candid discussion with National Committee welcome topic in most papers. Colloquium (FPC) has proved to Representatives Mark Kirk and Chair Carla Hills Ms. Collins’ husband died of be an exciting and influential pro- Rick Larsen, co-chairs of the US- with students. AIDS in the early 1980s, a reve- gram. Organized in partnership China Congressional Working lation that brought brief, yet pal- with the Elliott School of Group. Subsequent sessions pable silence to the audience International Affairs at The George included Mr. Dennis Wilder and added extra meaning to Washington University, the FPC is (National Security Council), former everything she said. Her revela- designed to help Chinese graduate Congressman Stephen J. Solarz tion, together with personal sto- students better understand the (APCO Worldwide), and Major ries related by other experts, complex forces that influence and General William Nash (Council on opened up the participants con- shape American foreign policy. We Foreign Relations), among others. siderably during the Q&A and are extremely grateful to The Off-site briefings included the U.S. breakout sessions. Among the Coca-Cola Company, FedEx Departments of Defense and State, many issues discussed were how Corporation, and the Anheuser- U.S. Trade Representative, Senate to turn medical jargon into lan- Busch Companies, Inc., for funding Foreign Relations and House guage that the general public this year’s program. International Relations would understand and relate to, From June 7 to 10, 2006, about Committees, Center for Strategic how to avoid unintentional 150 PRC graduate students from and International Studies, The stigmatization and remain truth- around the United States convened Coca-Cola Company, and Human I ful when telling human interest in Washington, D.C. for a three-day Rights Watch. stories, how to foster a sense of interactive conference combining professional responsibility and lectures, panel discussions, group ethics among reporters, and how exercises, off-site briefings, and a to tread the thin line of permissi- farewell social event. One of the Left: bility in reporting sensitive top- strengths of the program has always FPC participant ics. In addition to the five been direct interaction with current interviews Dennis American experts on the and former Administration officials, members of Congress, diplomats, Wilder, Director for National Committee delegation, China, Taiwan, and the workshop at Tsinghua also and representatives from academia, the military, think tanks, the media, Mongolia Affairs, National Security continued on page 27 and lobbying groups. Council. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 14

creating more connections among Public Intellectuals Program those who focus on different aspects of China. This, perhaps, turned out to be Update the most successful aspect of the 14 trip. We took advantage of the National Committee’s extensive contacts, but also heavily relied on the range of contacts amongst our S The Public Intellectuals Program is Republic of China (CSCPRC). PIP fellows, in some cases having comprised of 20 young scholars of W ith the phase-out of the them set up meetings within their E China who participate in various CSCPRC and the limited number own area of expertise. Thus, the activities geared toward expanding and of slots on National Committee ten-day trip to Beijing, Shanghai, T deepening their knowledge of aspects of high-level delegations, such oppor- Wenzhou and Hong Kong in June China beyond their own specialties and tunities are much rarer these days featured meetings with artists, O encouraging their active engagement as and it is unusual for the younger choreographers, public health spe- public intellectuals. Since our last generation of scholars to have the cialists, dot com entrepreneurs, N issue of NOTES, we have completed chance to meet anyone but their environmentalists, manufacturers, the first of two planned Fellows trips to academic counterparts in China. public interest lawyers, play- China, several Fellows have run their Thus, an important aspect of such a wrights, novelists, journalists, required local outreach projects and trip is to give the Fellows an oppor- judges, government officials at the two have served as escorts on National tunity to meet and interact with central and local levels, NGO lead- Committee projects. people who make and implement ers, academics, think tank ana- policy in various fields in China. lysts….and that list isn’t exhaus- A second important aspect of the tive. The Committee is grateful to Some people were surprised trip stems from the program’s pur- our counterpart organization, the when we made a trip to China an pose of broadening the perspec- Chinese Foreign Affairs University integral part of the Public tives of the various PIP fellows (CFAU), for its assistance and to Intellectuals Program (PIP). After beyond their specialty. Changes in the many members and friends of all, each of the twenty PIP fellows American graduate education and the Committee who were so gener- has not only traveled to China, but in the China field over the past two ous with their time. all twenty have lived there for vary- decades have meant that younger We are also most grateful to the ing lengths of time. So why take American scholars focus primarily Luce and Starr Foundations for them on a group visit? Two reasons on their specific areas, without the their generous underwriting of the – both of which fulfill the two pri- opportunity for the cross fertiliza- program and we were very pleased mary goals of the program. The tion that earlier generations that National Committee Board first is that few of them have had enjoyed. Area Studies are no member and Luce Vice President the opportunity to meet Chinese longer as important as they once Terry Lautz could accompany the policy leaders. Earlier in their were in American higher education group as one of its escorts. careers, many of today’s established and most universities channel The grant proposal had called scholars were able to meet senior young scholars into focusing on for the inclusion on the trips to Chinese leaders and policy-makers their disciplines early on. So the China of a senior China scholar by participating in delegations of jam-packed schedule was designed who could be a role model for the the National Committee and the to be eclectic as well as productive, PIP Fellows. We decided to go for Committee on Scholarly fulfilling our goal of instilling more the most senior of that group, the Communications with the People’s breadth in the younger scholars and founding chairman of the National

PIP Fellows with escort Bob Scalapino (far left) and colleagues at the Shanghai Institute of International Studies. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 15

Committee and public intellectual Chen Jian (history of U.S.-China Now retired from his long govern- par excellence, Robert Scalapino. Relations, Cornell); Richard Bush ment career and a senior vice pres- Those who heard him speak in (Brookings); Minxin Pei (Carnegie ident at Stonebridge International, May at the kick-off of the Endowment for International Hank nonetheless kept his com- Committee’s 40th Anniversary cel- Peace); and Jia Qingguo, Wang Jisi, mitment and on September 13 was ebration know that he is still going and Zhu Feng (International part of a two man team that held an 15 strong at the age of 86! Bob was, Security Program, School of executive roundtable over lunch N indeed, a great role model at the International Relations, Beida). and an afternoon seminar, both on intellectual level, always asking Another session focused on source U.S.-China trade and both targeted thoughtful penetrating questions materials for teaching about China. at the local business community. O and regaling the Fellows about var- Allen’s outreach program provided Hank’s partner for those two activi-

ious aspects of his fascinating the teachers with an invaluable ties was Joe Borich, now executive T career during long bus rides or the opportunity to learn from some of director of the Washington State

occasional meal where there was no the most respected Chinese China Relations Council and E speaker. He also set the standard “America watchers” and American Hank's predecessor as Consul

as the ideal delegation member: “China watchers” and to acquire General in Shanghai. These events S he was generally the first one up in new knowledge and materials to were followed by an evening the morning and always ready and improve their curriculum on China. address Hank gave for the general waiting for the group to assemble, Allen also worked in conjunction public on “The China Trade and and he showed how one can ask a with Cornell’s International Labor America's Foreign Policy.” politically sensitive question in a Relations School (ILR) to organize On the same day, Elizabeth way that will not irritate people a program that brought together Economy (C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and maximize one’s chances for a the heads of labor unions based in and Director for Asia Studies at the useful response. Syracuse and Rochester together Council on Foreign Relations) flew We are looking forward to the with visiting Professors Jia Qingguo to Kentucky for two back to back second tranche of PIP Fellows and Wang Jisi for a roundtable dis- public outreach programs organized going to Beijing, perhaps Fuyang cussion of U.S.-China trade rela- by Kristin Stapleton (Associate (where one of the vice mayors is a tions. The goal was to provide an Professor of History, University of Fellow in our Young Leaders opportunity to address the deep Kentucky) in collaboration with the Forum), Guangzhou (where former concerns of upstate New Yorkers Louisville Committee on Foreign National Committee staff member regarding jobs and the perceived Relations, Crane House, and the Robert Goldberg is now Consul looming economic threat from World Affairs Council of Kentucky General), and Taiwan in 2007. In China. The very successful discus- and Southern Indiana. Elizabeth the meantime, all of the PIP sion helped improve understanding first spoke on “U.S.-China Fellows are working on fulfilling on both sides as it was the first Relations – Opportunities and their commitment to run a local time that the union leaders had Challenges” to a group at the education outreach project or series had a chance to talk in person with Kentucky Center for the Arts. The of projects; the following outlines Mainland Chinese and hear their second program was held at the those that have been held over the perspective and the problems that University of Louisville, where past few months. China faces and vice versa. Elizabeth addressed faculty and stu- Allen Carlson (Assistant Deputy Assistant Secretary of dents on the state of China’s envi- Professor of Government, Cornell Commerce Hank Levine met with ronment and efforts to improve it. University) organized a two-day the PIP group during its initial Wu Weiping (Associate Professor teacher training workshop that tar- meeting in Washington, D.C. in of Urban Studies, Geography, and geted secondary teachers from September 2005 and impressed Planning, Virginia Commonwealth upstate New York, but also includ- everyone with his knowledge, University), in collaboration with the ed some teachers from as far away forthrightness and humor. Based Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, orga- as Colorado and Indiana. The first on that meeting, PIP Fellow David nized a public education program for session focused on China’s rise and Pietz (Assistant Professor of History, K-12 teachers on September 30 and the implications for the United Washington State University), in October 1. Additional funding came States and the rest of the world: it partnership with the Spokane from the Virginia Foundation for the featured MIT’s Taylor Fravel International Trade Alliance, the Humanities. The workshop, attend- (security issues related to China’s World Affairs Council of Spokane, ed by 26 educators from across the rise) and CFR’s Adam Segal (eco- and Washington State University, state of Virginia, was scheduled to nomic issues). The second session conceived of a program that coincide with the Second Annual consisted of a panel discussion brought Hank to Spokane for a day including Allen and his colleague packed with three different events. continued on page 27 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 16

National Committee President Conflict Resolution Steve Orlins and Gene Martin (Director of the Philippine Facilitation Project at the U.S. Conference Held in San Diego Institute of Peace) on a panel on liv- 16 ing and working in the Greater China area from three different per- spectives (Richard – academic, Steve – businessman, Gene – diplo- S The National Committee con- The first component was ably mat). Gene also gave a talk on his vened a nine-day training program handled by Lisa Maxwell of NCRC experiences working as the lead E in conflict management and con- and her fellow trainers who lectured mediator helping facilitate the nego- flict resolution this past August in on various topics including conflict tiations between the Filipino gov- T San Diego. Participants were ten theory, the influence of culture on ernment and the Moro Islamic students each from Mainland conflict, game theory, negotiation, Liberation Front (MILF) with the China (selected from those already mediation, and international dia-

O group. In addition, Brig. General studying in America), Taiwan, and logue. Traditional lectures were Frank Kisner (Deputy Director, the United States. For this innova- supplemented by role-playing activ- Strategic Planning and Policy, U.S. N tive program, funded by the U.S. ities and small group breakout ses- Pacific Command, Hawaii) talked to department of State’s Bureau of sions where participants engaged in the group about the American mili- Educational and Cultural Affairs, hands-on practice of newly learned tary presence in the Pacific region. the National Committee collaborat- concepts and interacted informally The final component of the pro- ed with the Joan B. Kroc Institute with other students. gram provided an environment of Peace and Justice (IPJ) at the The second component gave par- conducive to teamwork and rela- University of San Diego and the ticipants a way to relate what they tionship building. Activities National Conflict Resolution were learning in the formal training included a packed half-day of a Center (NCRC). IPJ provided sessions to issues and events in the team-building kayak workshop, conference space for workshop ses- real world. Stephan Haggard volleyball and Ultimate Frisbee, sions and the NCRC provided pro- (Lawrence and Sally Krause followed by a beach bonfire that fessional trainers. Professor of Korea-Pacific Studies at provided both warmth and fuel for The program agenda was com- the University of California – San the hot dogs, corn on the cob and prised of three main components: Diego) gave a very pertinent dinner S’mores. Other bonding activities formal conflict management and talk on resolving the North Korean included a late afternoon excursion resolution training through instruc- conflict; Barry Naughton (Professor to Balboa Park for an outdoor bar- tional lectures and breakout ses- of Chinese Economics at UCSD) bershop quartet concert, an sions; guest speakers; and informal spoke on using cross-strait economic evening at the San Diego Zoo, and group bonding activities to establish ties to manage conflict; and Richard an afternoon of surfing and whiffle- a sense of camaraderie, trust, and Madsen (Professor of Sociology and ball at La Jolla Beach. friendship amongst all three groups. Department Chair at UCSD) joined The program was a huge success. We were extremely pleased with the selected students both in terms of their intellectual capacity and sociability. Participants learned conflict management skills that will be useful in their future profession- al and personal lives and the value of the “bonding” component of the program cannot be overestimated. From the very first night, students mixed freely and there was a strong desire to communicate among all three groups. As one Mainland stu- dent put it, “I’ve learned so much Right: from being here this week and we A set of participants all really do get along…in the looks over their group future we may find ourselves work- activity results before ing side by side and we will under- sharing them with the stand each other as similar people, I rest of the workshop. not adversaries.” 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 17

The days leading up to the trip What I Did on My were surreal. I kept saying to peo- ple, “I’m leaving for China,” but I didn’t believe it myself. I didn’t Summer Vacation believe it until I got off the plane in Beijing. It was such a Dorothy 17 in Oz moment, a “I’m not in N Kansas anymore” kind of realiza- tion. I couldn’t read the signs or by Rachel Mans understand the babble of voices O around me. On the streets of

Beijing, people would stop to stare T at us and we would stare right

back. I was amazed that we actual- E ly stuck out in the crowd (which is

hard to do in a city of more than 12 S million people). I made it a priority to keep a journal of the trip, and I started two weeks before we left by listing the things I was anxious about. At the top of my list was how I would get along with my host families. What if I offended them, or just couldn’t communicate at all? The first night, I met my host sister Cammy. The Chinese teacher pointed her Left: Author Rachel Mans out to me in the crowd. “Look, a and host sister perfect match. She’s very tall, too.” Cammy at the She looked over at me and smiled, Forbidden City. and immediately I knew we were Since 2004, the National Committee considering how to answer. Do going to be friends. On the ride to has selected 12 U.S. Presidential they want to hear about my adven- her south Beijing apartment, we Scholars (a designation conferred ture to China and back, my mas- talked and laughed like old friends. annually on 141 outstanding graduat- tery of chopsticks (finally), and She spoke amazing English, and ing American high school seniors by the how it felt to run hand-in-hand had just finished her first year at the U.S. Department of Education; see with my host sister down the Great University of Toronto. www.ed.gov/programs/psp/ for more Wall, soaked with rain and enjoying Over the next few days, with information) to participate in the every second? I usually answer Cammy at my side, I would meet annual U.S.-China Student Leaders with a summarized, “Awesome.” her entire family, have my first Exchange (SLE). Rachel Mans, a When I first received the SLE Beijing duck, and get my hair cut participant in the 2006 SLE program, acceptance letter from the National and colored. I’d say the latter was wrote the following essay shortly after Committee, I read through the one of the most memorable experi- her return from China in August. information eagerly. The trip was ences of the trip. I was extremely planned around three Chinese nervous, having no ability to speak cities. Later, Sameer Gupta, one of Chinese and having never colored I’ve been home for a couple of the other SLE participants would my hair before. Cammy sat in the weeks now. The pictures have put it like this: “There was a great chair next to me, making small talk been developed, the souvenirs variety: Beijing, the current capital; with the barber while I flipped handed out, and my suitcase finally Xi’an, an ancient capital; and Qufu, through Chinese Cosmo magazines. unpacked (only to be repacked the a spiritual capital.” I remember The whole family adopted me as following week when I head off to reading the names on paper for the one of their own. They welcomed college). A common orientation first time, trying to work out how to me warmly, offered to help with question has been, “So how was pronounce them. Was is Koofu or anything, and even laid out a pink your summer?” and each time I’m Kwoofu? And Xi’an I didn’t even toothbrush for me by the sink. asked it I find myself pausing for attempt, and explained I was going an uncomfortable amount of time, to somewhere starting with an X. continued on next page 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 18

friendships, I wouldn’t have believed it. But when the opportu- nity presented itself, I felt an immediate pull. Reading through those initial articles and explana- 18 tions about the trip, I knew this program would change me, but I could’ve never imagined how much. Before this trip, I never S would’ve sung karaoke songs at the top of my lungs. Before this trip, I E never would’ve tried pickled fried chicken feet. Before this trip, I T never really questioned the way the world was being run, or our role O in world affairs. Now I’m back in the United N States and adapting to the whole new world of college but I haven’t What I Did on My Summer Vacation, and won’t ever forget the experi- continued from page 17 It’s funny that none of my expe- ences of this past summer. I’m One night we sat around looking riences on this trip seem really tied planning on taking Chinese next through family photo albums for to specific places, but more to the semester. As chance would have it, Above right: hours. The day I left my host people. I never start off telling a my roommate here at college lived 2006 Student Leaders mother gave me the charm of a story, “I was on the top of Mount in Taiwan for ten years and speaks Exchange partici- tiger with their family name woven Tai...” I always start, “I was talking beautiful Chinese. I hear her talk- pants with their host onto the top of its head. “It will with my host family, and…” Of ing to her mother on the phone in family siblings at the keep you safe when you are far course, the beauty of the sites was what she’s dubbed “Chinglish.” Forbidden City in away.” Cammy gave me my not lost on me. In fact, I was awed I’m already thinking about my next Beijing. Chinese name: Wang Ruixue. by the history attached to each trip to China, for study abroad or “Ruixue” means “the beauty in the location. Every location has a story for the 2008 Olympics. Maybe first snowfall,” but my favorite part to it far older than the history of even after college to teach English. is “Wang,” meaning I’m a part of our country. I promised my Beijing host family their family. Yes, I enjoyed all of the scenic that next time I visited, I’d be able I had another host family in views and ancient temples, but to speak Chinese and I plan to Xi’an. One of my best memories of looking back on this trip, I’ll always keep that promise. I the trip is walking near the Xi’an remember the feeling of love and city wall at night with my host fami- friendship that developed there. ly. There were groups of people My host sister in Xi’an, Cran, told spinning lighted tops, singing me the story of the liu shu, the Chinese songs, and dancing. We weeping willow. She said that in stopped to watch the long line of Xi’an it used to be a custom to people snake around, kicking, turn- exchange willow branches with ing, and laughing. “Looks like friends going far away to remind fun,” I said and, before I knew what them of their homes. Our last day was happening, my host sister was in Xi’an, we picked branches off of dragging me into the line. I was a tree on the campus when no one suddenly submerged in a dancing was looking and traded them. I mob of middle-aged women, young remember how long we hugged children, and old men. I was trying goodbye at the airport, how she to make something up and failing cried. “I had a sister for three horribly. People around me were days,” she said. I hugged her and Bottom Right: laughing and pulling on my arm, reassured her, “No, you have a sis- Student Leaders trying to show me the proper steps. ter forever.” Exchange participants After a few minutes, I was dancing If I’d been told three months learning Taijiquan down the line, losing myself in the ago that I’d be spending fifteen (“Tai Chi”). swarm of laughing voices. days in China forming lasting 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 19

there, and one was the most extra- “Do Good Well” ordinary woman, Li Ying, a gradu- ate student from China. Once she touched your life, you were never the same. She touched my life and An Interview with National Committee Director I developed a connection to China 19 that I never lost and that I was able N Geraldine Kunstadter N to pick up on. She had trained at St. John’s O O National Committee Director So the decrease in core funds is University as an architect and was Geraldine S. Kunstadter is chairman of intentional? in the States studying for two years T at MIT and one year at Harvard. I T the Albert Kunstadter Family The decrease is intentional. was going to visit her in China Foundation. Her husband, John, who Particularly during John’s illness, E when she finished but that was E died in 2003, was her partner in direct- we decided to do all the things that 1949. She decided that after libera- ing the foundation and could often be we really wanted to fund, in the S tion she wanted to go back, to work S found at her side at National Committee amounts that we wanted to fund. for the new China, to build low- programs over the years. In a recent So for three years, we were very cost housing for the poor Chinese. interview with National Committee profligate; we just spent and spent So she went back and that was the Director of Corporate and Public and went from $4 million down to Programs, Anne Phelan, Mrs. about $2 million. Since then, we’ve Kunstadter reflects on the course of the gone down further to $1 million. So foundation’s work, recalls some of the we’re down to kind of bare bones projects and people she has found most and mainly funding internationally meaningful and shares some lessons for or for international purposes. Left: other small foundations and donors. (from left to right) The Committee has been very fortunate to In the beginning, the funding was U.S.- Ambassador Ding have someone with Geri’s wisdom, com- directed. Yuanhong, former passion and generosity on our board. All for Chicago. John’s grandfa- Chinese Ambassador ther was born in 1872 just after the to Belgium and the Chicago fire. His mother was preg- European Union, nant with him and had to go stand Geri Kunstadter, and in Lake Michigan to get away from John Kunstadter. Has the foundation been a family founda- the fire. He grew up with Chicago. last we heard. But I started looking tion in practice as well as name? He had such a love for that city, as for her 1981 and I managed to find Oh yes. It was started in 1952 he had a love for history. He want- her in 1983. by John’s grandparents. John and ed to devote his money to making That’s why we are supporting I, even though we were newly mar- Chicago better, doing whatever he the Architectural Society of China ried and had almost no money, could for the city. were donors for the first two or (ASC), I personally since 1983 and three years. We gave stocks, so we When was the international dimension the foundation since 1987. It was had some ownership in it, but introduced? the first grant we made in China. At that time they had no books in John’s grandparents put in the It was in the early to mid-1970s. their library, just dusty things you major part of it. It has operated as The first grant was for the Yale- wouldn’t want to pick up, that had a family foundation, run by John’s China Association and that was my no value. When they were begin- father, at first, then John and interest, China was my interest. ning to see journals again in the myself, and now I am running it. It Then we did the International 1980s, they had no idea how archi- will continue until I die, and then Peace Academy and then it grew. my children will finish it off as they tecture got to be what it was from see fit. It’s too small to go for So that grant for China came about from what it had been in the 1950s. another generation. We’re down to your interest? There was a big gap and they did- n’t understand the process. So they a million dollars. That means we Yes. Sixty years ago, when I was asked me to fill in books between should give away about $50,000 a an undergraduate at MIT, there 1950 and 1980. The MIT library year, but we’ve been giving away were no dorms for women. So MIT was wonderful to me. They let me $250,000 to $300,000. bought a house on Baystate Road in take all their books for deaccession, Boston, just over the Harvard Bridge. There were 18 of us living continued on next page 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206National 1/17/07 Committee Educational8:06 AM Exchanges, Page 20 continued from page 19

so we could fill in the gap for the ASC. Then an architect here intro- duced me to a librarian at Columbia and she let me do the same thing. I would hire a student 20 on work-study and we would fill up boxes and make lists and send them off to China. I did that for four years, until I couldn’t lift them S any more! Then we started to make our direct grants in 1987, and E they could buy the new books. That’s how we started. We are still T funding them. Not for the library, but for special things, for prizes for O young architects. Most recently our grant went toward the costs of a N student jamboree at a conference they had in September. Now CICETE has evolved into ously bad. So they went around Has your giving in China changed over the something called the China quietly asking people if they had years? Association for NGO Cooperation any rashes. They worked for six It hasn’t really changed. We did (CANGO). It is totally privately years to figure out exactly where it Above right: several libraries after that first one; funded, run by a very dynamic, was coming from, and worked out a Geri Kunstadter and other people asked us to help them extraordinary man, and trains project to take the arsenic out of fellow National with libraries, so we gave grants for Chinese NGOs on how to function. the water at each of the eight or Committee Director, those. We did environment, we nine sites at which the water is Robert A. Levinson. made a number of grants to When you consider which grants to make, purified in the city. Friends of Nature. what do you find most appealing, most Madame Nguyen Thi Binh, a We’ve supported an organiza- compelling? very wonderful, spirited tion, the China International I always look for people. It did- Communist lady, is the former vice Center for Economic and n’t matter what they were doing, president of Vietnam. She’s now Technical Exchanges (CICETE), because we didn’t have a specific retired but working very hard for that was originally set up to entice focus. But if somebody wonderful children. She started something foreign NGOs to come to China to was doing something wonderful, called the National Fund for devise projects in the rural poverty that’s what we would do. Vietnamese Children, because in areas that would be self-sustain- her work with the government she able. What they would do is travel What about your giving in Southeast Asia, found that there was a very large around to the very poor areas and did that come about after China? amount of childhood blindness in ask the local people to give them a China started in 1987. Next was Vietnam. They couldn’t figure it simple proposal. What did they Vietnam, and that started here out until they realized it’s simply need? Always it was either some- about 1989 and direct grants there because of a lack of vitamin A. thing like water or to make money started in 1993. That was for That was the first thing they did, because their incomes were still in English language training and for they went everywhere and gave the double digits per year. When I medical equipment. We’ve done children vitamin A. Then they first met people from CICETE, some things like mathematical started a lot of water projects. they were on a trip around the modeling of environmental situa- We’ve done now about 20 or so States. Of all the projects they had, tions, with a group of about 18 top water projects, where we funded the cheapest was around $50,000. I mathematicians; they did the most the distribution of clean water said we can’t do that, but we can do esoteric, wonderful work. We had through underground piping sys- $2,000 or $3,000. Most of these one major project there that just tems or building water towers. proposals were written in Chinese; ended this year, after six years. A In Cambodia, we worked with in China they could get it translat- professor of environmental chem- the University of Fine Arts. The ed very cheaply, but they just did- istry was out looking at the water vice dean came to me on one of my n’t have the money to do that here. system in Hanoi and found there trips and I said, “What’s the most So we gave them translation money were several places in which the important thing that you need to for a number of years. concentrations of arsenic were seri- do?” He said, “It’s so embarrassing 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:06 AM Page 21

– we don’t have a lavatory for the and they are going to tell the vari- an English language center in professors. We’re used to that, but ous organizations what they want Hanoi, where there would be we have foreign professors here, them to do. Non-profits today are books and tapes. There was noth- and I have to say to them, our lava- having problems because if they go ing like that in Hanoi in 1992. tory is broken, you have to go over to a foundation with a wonderful They managed to find a wonderful to the trees.” He had been trying project, the foundation doesn’t spot on a lake and they set up a 21 for two years to get the money from want to do it because they didn’t center and charged people the N the ministry. I said, “We’ll try to initiate it. That is not the role of equivalent of five cents to become help, but how much is this going to foundations and that distresses me members. It got to be so important cost?” Only $458! And the next enormously. I find this every- and so popular that they had to O time I came he very proudly where, that these foundations have move, and they found some won-

showed it to me. set themselves up as authorities: derful space in which they now are T In Laos we did English lan- they are the ones who know what and they’ve enlarged their center.

guage, we did a lot of books. The the ills of the world are, and they They’ve become a preeminent E head of the Institute for Cultural have the solution, and you have to teaching-of-English establishment.

Research was a wonderful scholar do that. But they don’t know. And These two men were able to get S and he was complaining that the I am just so concerned about that the Australians to give a whole lan- Lao oral tradition had died after Buffet/Gates money simply guage lab, and somebody else to the government changed. He said because there is so much there and give this and the Swedes to give that today, Lao children have no they have so many people working, that. They themselves would stay idea of who they are, where they that they are all the authorities. up all night translating business came from, why they are who they But they don’t always know. companies’ documents to earn are. Up in Luong Prabang, their For a small foundation today, you $1,500, when their salary was $15 old capital, there are walls of can do a million things! Just look or $20 a month. They would earn mosaics that tell all the Lao stories around you – there are NGOs large amounts of money, which and he said he wanted to write everywhere. There are soup they would plow into the Center. books about them. So we funded kitchens and food pantries, and just Today, one of them is a very six books of Lao folk tales. He read the New York Times Neediest important official at the Ministry of would go up for two weeks at a Cases, there are all sorts of wonder- Education in the international time, photograph certain sections, ful organizations helping people. affairs department. The other one research all the stories and then You can find wonderful things to do is the rector of what is now called write the stories. with your money, small amounts or Hanoi University. He is amazing – large amounts, that really make a so energetic, you can hear the mind Some of the big stories in philanthropy difference. People say my $5,000 or ticking. The two of them are still a this year have been Warren Buffet’s con- $3,000 isn’t going to make a differ- pair, they are as different as chalk tribution to the Gates Foundation and the ence. It is – if you go visit that orga- and cheese, but they are a pair. Clinton Global Initiative raising billions of nization and you see what they are They have been so inspirational to dollars in commitments at its meeting doing. And that is the important me. That’s been so exciting to see this past fall. With billions of dollars thing – we have met with all of our these two young men become the going into major efforts, where is the grantees, we don’t give money future of Vietnam. And we still role for small family foundations, what when we don’t know them. And support the Center. niche should they occupy? when you actually see them in oper- They should do what they can ation, you know that your $2,000 or A quote from your husband in a profile of do. They should not try to change $3,000 makes a difference. the foundation published by the National the world. They can change little Center for Family Philanthropy said, “It parts of the world by addressing a Are there other individuals who have has been a wonderful education for the need somewhere and if they can made a lasting impression on you? entire family to follow in my grandfa- take care of it, you’ve changed that Yes, in Vietnam, there are two ther’s footsteps for all these years.” I’d world a little bit. men I’ve known since 1992. They like to ask about your own imprint on the I sit on five non-profit boards are two teachers of English, the foundation – when your grandchildren or and I’m always trying to raise most entrepreneurial, fine, others look at the course the foundation money for them. It’s getting harder thoughtful, smart young men that I has taken, what traces have your own and harder because foundations have met in a long time. They footsteps left? today (and I’m not talking about were teachers of English at the All the international part of it. the super foundations because we Foreign Languages University. I’ve had these connections, the haven’t approached them) are often They were asked by the university, deciding that they are the experts, shortly before I met them, to set up continued on back cover 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 22

improve cross-Strait relations, and Recent Activities Taiwan in the general context of U.S.-China relations. Much of the discussion with spe- cialists from the Foundation on 22 International and Cross-Strait The National Committee is engaged (SCO) drew greater attention than Studies (FICS) looked ahead to the in a broad range of public education in the past, reflecting the growing potential for change in cross-Strait efforts, intended to inform specialists, importance of Central Asia in glob- dynamics after the 2008 Taiwan S policy-makers and the public about rele- al energy markets and the inclusion presidential election. Some spe- vant issues in Sino-American relations. of Iran as an observer state. We cialists thought that the election of E This outreach is done through a variety asked a Chinese and an American KMT chairman Ma Ying-jeou of means, including public programs, specialist to share their perspec- could provide the means for the T seminars, website postings and electronic tives on the organization and its PRC to take a fresh look at cross- briefings. The following are brief role. Shen Dingli of Fudan strait relations, but others said that O descriptions of the National Committee’s University discussed how the orga- as a candidate for president, Ma is most recent public programs. nization’s objectives coincide with not going to cede ground on the N China’s foreign policy goals; Phillip core issue of sovereignty. The Saunders of the National Defense challenge will be for both sides to “China’s Judiciary: Current University looked at what the SCO find a framework to move discus- means for U.S. interests in Asia. sions beyond functional issues. Challenges and Reforms” Professor Shen indicated that the Discussion with Judge Song Jianli, SCO represents China’s efforts to Supreme People’s Court, People’s shape its peripheries. Russia/ Breakfast Roundtable with China Republic of China Central Asia has become the sole July 17, 2006 neighboring region where China Institutes of Contemporary Co-sponsored by Jones Day has been able to rid itself of con- International Relations Delegation cerns about territorial disputes, September 18, 2006 China’s judiciary is a key compo- thereby paving the way for China nent in furthering development of to engage in security and economic The China Institutes for the rule of law throughout the cooperation with these countries. Contemporary International country. In recent years, the edu- Dr. Saunders said that the SCO is Relations (CICIR) is a Beijing- cational and professional standards unlikely to coalesce into a military based think tank that specializes in of judges and the quality of judicial alliance or regional bloc aimed strategic, political, economic and opinions have been raised, yet against the United States, because security studies, country and much work remains to be done in of the strong stake member coun- regional studies, and China’s rela- order to improve the administration tries have in the success of the tions with other countries. The of the courts, ensure enforcement U.S.-led effort to stabilize CICIR delegation was led by of laws and judgments, and remove Afghanistan and because the diver- Professor Cui Liru, an articulate corrupt influences from the courts. gent interests of members will and thoughtful interlocutor on During the program, held at Jones restrain their ability to act collectively. U.S.-China relations, China’s Day, Judge Song Jianli discussed the reforms designed to meet these challenges. Judge Song also touched upon topics such as judi- Roundtable Discussion cial independence, the role of adju- with a Delegation from the dication committees and intellectu- Foundation on International and al property rights. Cross-Strait Studies August 23, 2006

After a presentation on cross- E-mail Broadcast on The Shanghai straight relations by Tsai Ming-Yen, Right: Cooperation Organization associate professor at the Graduate CICIR President Cui July 26, 2006 Institute of International Politics at Liru with National National Chung Hsing University Committee Director This year’s meeting of the in Taiwan, other panel members Robert A. Levinson. Shanghai Cooperation Organization discussed the steps being taken to 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 23

regional outlook and other issues. among Chinese a lack of interest in To reduce tensions in the region, Professor Cui was joined by several the recent history of their country the panelists said the United States senior members of CICIR’s or even their family members’ per- might quietly encourage Japan to research team. The informal dis- sonal histories. As a reporter in make some reform with respect to cussion, held at the National Bosnia, he had found that all the Yasukuni shrine (such as mov- Committee’s office, focused on answers to his questions were pref- ing the war criminals to another 23 Northeast Asian security issues aced with 800 years of history; by place); pay closer attention to com- N including Sino-Japanese relations contrast, Chinese are much more petition for energy resources in the and China’s relationship with focused on the present and have East China Sea, which has the North Korea. not yet fully considered the influ- potential to become a flashpoint; O ence of Mao Zedong’s leadership, and underscore that the American

Tiananmen or other events on their “nuclear umbrella” applies to T current status. One reason he Japan, so that it does not seek its

thinks that his five classmates were own nuclear capability. E so willing to be interviewed is that

they had waited a long time to tell S their stories and had found their “The Future of U.S. China own children were relatively unin- terested in them. Relations” with Senator John Edwards October 31, 2006 Co-sponsored by the Asia Society Sino-Japanese Tensions and Implications for U.S. Policy At this program for National September 21, 2006 Committee and Asia Society mem- Co-sponsored by the Japan Society bers, former Democratic Senator from North Carolina and 2004 The National Committee and Vice-Presidential nominee, John Left: the Japan Society’s co-sponsored Edwards, discussed his recent trip Author John Pomfret program on Sino-Japanese tensions to China, organized by the addresses National and their implications for U.S. poli- National Committee (see page 2). Committee members cy featured three terrific panelists: Senator Edwards discussed some and friends at Mike McDevitt highlighted some of the key issues in the relation- Jones Day. of Japan’s views of the source of ship, stressing that the Bush tensions, Alan Romberg looked at administration needs to focus more Chinese Lessons: Five Classmates China’s views, and Jim Kelly pre- on the relationship and that the and the Story of the New China sented some of the Center for strategic dialogue that has been set Discussion with Author John Pomfret Naval Analyses working group’s up between Treasury Secretary Tuesday, September 19, 2006 recommendations for U.S. policy. Hank Paulson and Chinese Vice Co-Sponsored by Jones Day The panelists said that the working Premier Wu Yi is a good idea. group process made it clear that Lesley Stahl of 60 Minutes inter- As head of The Washington Post’s the problem of Sino-Japanese ten- viewed the Senator for about 15 Beijing bureau from 1998 to 2003, sions is even more complicated minutes, touching on North Korea John Pomfret reported on the than participants fully realized at and Iran’s nuclear programs, the major political, economic and social the outset. It is necessary for the humanitarian crises in Darfur, developments that were transform- United States to continue its strong Uganda, and Iraq, as well as U.S. ing China. In his new book, Chinese relationship with Japan and to con- domestic issues that are affected by Lessons, he illustrates these changes tinue its 30-year effort to build relations with China such as job with the personal stories of five of relations with China; this triangular security and the growing trade his former Nanjing University relationship is not a zero-sum game deficit. A topic of particular inter- classmates. Members of the class in which better relations with one est to both the Senator and the of 1982, these individuals grew up country come at the expense of the overflowing audience was China’s during the Cultural Revolution and other. Americans need to be more increased economic involvement in embarked on their careers during aware that Asia is becoming the Africa and the impact this has on the new era of “opening and center of gravity in the world on a China’s foreign policy. I reform.” Mr. Pomfret said that number of levels and that it conse- during his time in China, he sensed quently requires greater attention. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 24

how these functions were refash- quences of rightful resistance, they Members’ ioned in the decades of political highlight similarities between col- innovation that closed the Qing lective action in places as varied as period. Native-place lodges are China, the former East Germany, Bookshelf often cited as an example of the and the United States, while sug- 24 particularistic ties that character- gesting how Chinese experiences ized traditional China and worked speak to issues such as opportuni- against the emergence of a modern ties to protest, radicalization, tacti- state based on loyalty to the nation. cal innovation, and the outcomes of S The following is a brief selection of books authored by National The author, a history professor at contention. Although the focus of Hunter College in New York City, their rich, ground level analysis is E Committee members over the past year. The comments below are based argues that by fostering awareness contemporary China, O’Brien and on the publishers' descriptions. of membership in an elite group, Li make a compelling argument T For an expanded Members’ the native-place lodges generated a that wherever a gap between rights Bookshelf dating back to 2000, sense of belonging to a nation that promised and rights delivered O please visit our website. Committee furthered the reforms undertaken exists, there is room for rightful members who would like to submit a in the early twentieth century. resistance to emerge. N listing for the website and/or the next Professor Belsky has escorted edition of NOTES may contact the National Committee’s [email protected]. Fulbright Hays Seminar Abroad groups to China and his vast Debating Political Reform knowledge of Beijing is always a in China: Rule of Law great boon to those fortunate versus Democratization Localities at the Center: enough to travel with him. Suisheng Zhao Native Place, Space, and Power M.E. Sharp, 2006 in Late Imperial Beijing Richard Belsky The growing disconnect Rightful Resistance between China’s market oriented Harvard University Asia Center, in Rural China 2006 economy with its emerging civil Kevin J. O’Brien society, and the brittle, anachronis- A visitor to Beijing in 1900, and Lianjiang Li tic, and authoritarian state has Chinese or foreign, would have Cambridge University Press, 2006 given rise to intense discussion and been struck by the great number of debate about political reform, not native-place lodges serving the How can the poor and weak only by Western observers, but also needs of scholars and officials from “work” a political system to their among Chinese intellectuals. While the provinces. What were these advantage? Drawing mainly on some expect China’s political native-place lodges? How did they interviews and surveys in rural reform to lead to democratization, develop over time? How did they China, Kevin O’Brien, a professor others have proposed to strengthen fit into and shape Beijing's urban of political science at Stanford the institution of single party rule ecology? How did they further University and former National and provide it with a solid legal native-place ties? Committee board member and base. This book brings the ongoing In answering these questions, Lianjiang Li, a professor at Hong debate to life and explores the the author considers how native- Kong Baptist University, show options for political reform. place ties functioned as channels of that popular action often hinges Offering the perspectives of both communication between China’s on locating and exploiting divi- Western and Chinese scholars, it provinces and the political center, sions within the state. Otherwise presents the controversial argu- how sojourners to the capital used powerless people use rhetoric and ment for building a consultative native-place ties to create solidarity commitments of the central govern- rule of law regime as an alternative within their communities of fellow ment to try to fight misconduct by to liberal democracy, provides sev- provincials and within the class of local officials, open up clogged chan- eral critiques of this thesis, and scholar-officials as a whole, how the nels of participation, and push back then tests the thesis through state co-opted these ties as a means the frontiers of the permissible. empirical studies on the develop- of maintaining order within the city This “rightful resistance” has far ment of the rule of law in China. and controlling the imperial reaching implications for our bureaucracy, how native-place ties understanding of contentious poli- transformed the urban landscape tics. As O’Brien and Li explore the and social structure of the city, and origins, dynamics, and conse- 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 25

Untying the Knot: Making Peace Red Army to “fish” that must swim Taiwanese elites experience this in the Taiwan Strait among the “sea” of the people in culture as universally valid, and Richard C. Bush order to survive. That “sea” has they see democracy as the appro- Brookings Institution Press, 2005 changed many times over since priate political system for all soci- China began its reforms in the late eties. In contrast, elites in China 25 Untying the Knot explores the sig- 1970s, and so too has the People's contend that a truly global culture Liberation Army. Yet, until now, no is impossible: all culture must

nificant differences and many simi- N larities of Mainland China and full exploration of the changing serve some state, since states are civil-military landscape in today’s the irreducible primary actors in

Taiwan and the difficulties that O must be resolved to calm the China has been produced by the world politics. As a result, accept- Taiwan Strait. What might the legal community of specialists on ing full socialization to global cul- status and international role of the Chinese military affairs. The ture would be equivalent to accept- T Taiwan government be in a future authors, director and deputy direc- ing subjugation to Western domi- unified China? Given the growing tor respectively of CNA’s Center for nation. This belief impedes E military power of the Asian behe- Strategic Studies, take the reader Chinese democratization and moti- moth, how could Taiwan be made on a fascinating tour of the econom- vates PRC elites to try to build a S to feel secure? Complicating the ic, social, and political changes in brand-new political civilization that resolution of these issues are each today’s China in order to construct a would incorporate elements of government’s domestic politics and fresh mosaic of the new civil-mili- “Western democracy” but be supe- decision-making systems and the tary dynamic and goes beyond rior to it and authentically Chinese. leverage game that they play with Beijing’s ring roads into the each other in the international provinces and districts, to examine arena. Thus multiple obstacles grass roots issues such as the chal- lenges of military conscription and National Committee prevent the two from even getting Publications to the negotiating table, much less demobilization, and look at the new reaching a mutually acceptable res- face of military professionalism and Michael A. Glosny, Meeting the olution of their conflict. political work in the Chinese mili- Development Challenge in the 21st The role of the United States as tary. This volume will be of inter- Century: American and Chinese mediator is severely restricted by est to those who study the Chinese armed forces, those focused on Perspectives on Foreign Aid, China the nature of the dispute and the Policy Series No. 21, August 2006. relations between the United social change in China, as well as students of political science. This monograph is based on inter- States and the two parties views of the author (a Ph.D. candi- involved; moreover, it is open to date in political science at MIT) question whether either party and informed by a conference on would accept the United States in Rising China comparative foreign aid policies in such a capacity. This comprehen- and Asian Democratization: China and the United States. The sive analysis by the chairman of the Socialization to “Global Culture” conference, generously underwrit- board and managing director of the in the Political Transformations ten by the Ford Foundation and co-sponsored by the National American Institute in Taiwan from of Thailand, China, and Taiwan 1992 to 1997, should be required Committee and the China reading for anyone endeavoring to Daniel C. Lynch Institutes of Contemporary unravel the tangled knot of Stanford University Press, 2006 International Relations, was held in Chinese-Taiwan relations. Beijing in November 2005. Professor of political science at the University of Southern Forty at Forty. This is a compila- California, Dan Lynch asks the tion of messages from 20 Chinese core question of whether China’s and 20 Americans who have partici- Civil-Military Relations rise will be accompanied by pated in National Committee pro- in Today’s China: democratization. In examining grams over the past four decades. Swimming in a New Sea political change in Thailand and It was put together in honor of our I David M. Finkelstein Taiwan, Lynch has found that 40th anniversary. and Kristen Gunness, eds. democratization occurred in those M.E. Sharp, 2006 Asian societies as a result of elites Electronic versions of both of the above accepting socialization to the National Committee publications can In 1937 Mao Zedong penned his democracy esteeming “global cul- be found in the publications section of famous treatise, “On Guerrilla ture” which originated in the West the Committee website; print versions Warfare,” in which he likened the some two centuries ago. Thai and are available upon request. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 26

New Board Appointments

26

Muhtar Kent President, Coca-Cola S International. Executive Vice President, The E Coca-Cola Company T Douglas H. Paal

O Vice Chairman, JPMorgan Chase & Co. Members’ Meeting Highlights Hank Greenberg, priorities for China’s leaders, N continued from page 5 followed by promoting sustainable Former Director, Taipei development and improving Office, American petitive as you are.’ Now they are environmental conditions. Institute in Taiwan taking steps, they are gradually Mr. Greenberg highlighted his revaluing their currency, bit by bit. involvement in the Mayor of James R. Sasser They can’t do it overnight. It Shanghai’s Advisory Board and the Above right: would destabilize the country. It upcoming meeting that will focus Former United States National Committee would be wrong from their point of on making Shanghai more environ- Ambassador to China Board members (from left to right): view and from our point of view. mentally friendly and promoting Nicholas Lardy, The worst thing that could happen the growth of “green cities.” Above I. Peter Wolff Herbert Hansell, would be to have a failed China. A all, Mr. Greenberg stressed that David Lampton, failed China would be a disaster for with all of the work China is doing Senior Vice President, Harry Harding, and International, Office of John Thornton. the world.” and must do to resolve its internal Toward the end of the conversa- issues in areas of environment, Global Public Policy, tion, Mr. Gelb turned to social unrest, poverty, etc., the Time Warner Inc. Mr. Greenberg’s most recent trip to United States should not treat China, asking what he views as the China as a rising threat, but rather current priorities of China’s leaders. encourage China to become a Mr. Greenberg noted that political responsible stakeholder and pro- and economic stability are the top mote diplomatic engagement. I

flight to the International Space sionals from a range of fields, Mark Recent News Station. As an active participant in and Gabrielle’s recent engagement the YLF, Commander Kelly carried has revealed an additional benefit a YLF flag, specially designed for to participants! Everyone associat- the occasion, into space with him. ed with the Forum is delighted Gabrielle was busy campaigning to share Gabrielle and Mark’s joy On November 7, Young Leaders during the most recent Forum (see and takes great pride in their Forum (YLF) Fellow Gabrielle the next edition of NOTES for accomplishments. I Giffords was elected to serve as a highlights from the October Young Representative to the United States Leaders Forum in Santa Cruz, Congress from Arizona’s 8th California), but Mark flew in to Congressional District. This was an Santa Cruz and presented Steve eventful few months for Gabrielle, Orlins with the flag and a photo The YLF flag that as she also became engaged to commemorating the Space Shuttle Mark Kelly took with another YLF Fellow, Commander flight. him into space this Mark Kelly, a navy fighter pilot and While the Young Leaders Forum summer on the Shuttle NASA astronaut who piloted the intends to bring together outstand- Discovery. July 2006 Space Shuttle Discovery ing American and Chinese profes- 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 27

HIV/AIDS and the Media, Public Intellectuals Program Update, continued from page 13 continued from page 15 benefited from the expertise of China-America Festival of Film several Beijing-based specialists and Culture in Richmond. in HIV/AIDS and/or journalism. PIP Fellows are also encouraged The National Committee’s to serve as scholar escorts, rappor- five experts repeated their pre- teurs and participants in various sentations in the days that fol- National Committee events. Evan lowed in workshops in Changsha Medeiros (political scientist, National Committee on and Guangzhou, receiving a RAND Corporation) was one of United States-China Relations great deal of local support and about 25 participants in the U.S.- enthusiasm. After their return to China Strategic Security Issues 71 West 23rd Street, 19th floor the United States, the delegation Workshop. The day and a half New York, NY 10010-4102 members continued making meeting, held in Honolulu [email protected] • (212) 645-9677 efforts to maintain or deepen the September 28-30, was the eighth ties formed during their China in a series of meetings sponsored www.ncuscr.org trip. Mr. Russell wrote a long by the Preventive Defense Project (a research collaborative of Stanford and Harvard Universities, The two sides are chaired by former Secretary of Defense Bill Perry and Assistant Chair exploring possible ways Carla A. Hills Secretary Ash Carter) in coopera- to work together on tion with the National Committee President HIV/AIDS and other and the China Foundation for Stephen A. Orlins public health issues International and Strategic Studies. Vice President in China, with the Susan Whiting (associate Jan Carol Berris National Committee Professor of Political Science, Vice President for Administration lending its support. University of Washington) went Rosalind Daly directly from the June China PIP Senior Director for Education Programs trip to Beijing, where she attend- Margot E. Landman piece in the San Francisco ed a conference on Central- Chronicle on China’s recent Provincial Fiscal Relations Senior Director for Corporate and Public Programs efforts to fight HIV/AIDS, draw- cosponsored by the National Anne Phelan ing from his interviews in Committee and Renmin Senior Program Officers Changsha and elsewhere. Ms. (People’s) University. Funded Ling Li Collins met Chinese reporters by the Ford Foundation, the Jonathan G. Lowet again in August during the inter- conference examined central- Program Officer national AIDS conference in provincial relations in the United Anna Bautista Toronto. Some seeds of future States and China from the per- Program and Executive Assistant collaboration were also planted spective of fiscal relations Jenna Crouch during the trip between Xiangya between the central government School of Medicine in Changsha and individual localities. Program Assistant and Johns Hopkins University. In addition to activities direct- Katherine Forshay The two sides are exploring pos- ly tied to the program, our twen- Administrative Manager sible ways to work together on ty fellows have kept themselves Daya Martin HIV/AIDS and other public busy with “public intellectual” Assistant Controller health issues in China, with the activities including publishing Patricia Gilani National Committee lending articles and appearances at con- its support. I gressional hearings, television and radio shows, academic fora, and each other’s events. I

Corrections to the winter/spring 2006 issue of NOTES: National Committee member and Associate Professor at Towson University, Steven Phillips’ name was spelled incorrectly in the listing of his book Dangerous Strait: The U.S.-Taiwan-China Crisis. We also inadvertently left Margot Landman’s name off the staff list. Our apologies for these errors. 13796_NCUSCR_NOTES_1206 1/17/07 8:07 AM Page 28

National Committee on United States-China Relations

“Do Good Well” – need. So we should respond do what it is they want to do. An Interview with National Committee Director Geraldine Kunstadter, to them. That’s what I hope I hope that’s what they will continued from page 21 they will take away. continue to do in their lives. I used to say two things to The other thing is to listen. China connection. And I have my children when they were I’m awfully good at listening a very special feeling in Asia. young: do unto others as you when I travel. I ask questions, As far as the philosophy, my would have others do unto you I really want to hear what they philosophy has always been and I am my brother’s keeper. have to say. And it has worked “do good well.” Reach out to To me that’s almost more remarkably well. I have had people, that’s the most impor- important, because I am my the most wonderful experi- tant thing. It’s not for you – brother’s keeper. You cannot ences with all the people that the people who live there are go through life just satisfying we work with abroad, just by all smart enough to know your own needs. It’s so much listening to them. I what they need, we don’t more thrilling to work with need to tell them what they other people and to help them

National Committee on United States-China Relations NON-PROFIT ORG. 71 West 23rd Street, 19th Floor U.S. POSTAGE New York, NY 10010-4102 Paid New York, NY Permit No. 1598