On the Cyberinfrastructure for GIS-Enabled Historiography Peter K
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The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS -
A New Geography of European Power?
A NEW GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPEAN POWER? EGMONT PAPER 42 A NEW GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPEAN POWER? James ROGERS January 2011 The Egmont Papers are published by Academia Press for Egmont – The Royal Institute for International Relations. Founded in 1947 by eminent Belgian political leaders, Egmont is an independent think-tank based in Brussels. Its interdisciplinary research is conducted in a spirit of total academic freedom. A platform of quality information, a forum for debate and analysis, a melting pot of ideas in the field of international politics, Egmont’s ambition – through its publications, seminars and recommendations – is to make a useful contribution to the decision- making process. *** President: Viscount Etienne DAVIGNON Director-General: Marc TRENTESEAU Series Editor: Prof. Dr. Sven BISCOP *** Egmont - The Royal Institute for International Relations Address Naamsestraat / Rue de Namur 69, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Phone 00-32-(0)2.223.41.14 Fax 00-32-(0)2.223.41.16 E-mail [email protected] Website: www.egmontinstitute.be © Academia Press Eekhout 2 9000 Gent Tel. 09/233 80 88 Fax 09/233 14 09 [email protected] www.academiapress.be J. Story-Scientia NV Wetenschappelijke Boekhandel Sint-Kwintensberg 87 B-9000 Gent Tel. 09/225 57 57 Fax 09/233 14 09 [email protected] www.story.be All authors write in a personal capacity. Lay-out: proxess.be ISBN 978 90 382 1714 7 D/2011/4804/19 U 1547 NUR1 754 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the publishers. -
Earth/Environmental (2014) Released Final Exam
Released Items Fall 2014 NC Final Exam Earth/Environmental Science RELEASED Public Schools of North Carolina Student Booklet State Board of Education Department of Public Instruction Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6314 Copyrightã 2014 by the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction. All rights reserved. E ARTH/ENVIRONMENTAL S CIENCE — R ELEASED I TEMS 1 Cracks in rocks widen as water in them freezes and thaws. How does this affect the surface of the Earth? A It reduces the rates of soil formation. B It changes the chemical composition of the rocks. C It exposes rocks to increased rates of erosion and weathering. D It limits the exposure of rocks to acid precipitation. 2 How can urbanization affect a local area? A It can increase the number of invasive species in an area. B It can decrease the risk of water pollution in an area. C It can increase the risk of flooding in an area. D It can decrease the need for natural resources in an area. 3 Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and the environment? A using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously B creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil C placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil D irrigating the RELEASEDsoil with salty water 1 Go to the next page. E ARTH/ENVIRONMENTAL S CIENCE — R ELEASED I TEMS 4 Subsurface ocean currents continually circulate from the warm waters near the equator to the colder waters in other parts of the world. What is the main cause of these currents? A differences in the topography along the ocean floor B differences -
White Paper Report
White Paper Report Report ID: 111862 Application Number: HD-51828-14 Project Director: Patrick Manning ([email protected]) Institution: University of Pittsburgh Reporting Period: 7/1/2014-6/30/2015 Report Due: 9/30/2015 Date Submitted: 11/10/2015 “World-Historical Gazetteer” Report type: White Paper Grant Number: HD-51828-14 Title of Project: World Historical Gazetteer Name of Project Directors: Patrick Manning (Pitt) and Ruth Mostern (UC- Merced), Co-PIs Name of grantee institution: University of Pittsburgh Abstract: The project for a World-Historical Gazetteer is a cross-disciplinary collaboration of researchers and developers from various academic and professional institutions that are working towards creating a comprehensive, online gazetteer of world-historical places for the period after 1500 CE. This paper describes the main objectives of the project, outlines several different work plans, and reports on developments from the World-Historical Gazetteer Workshop that took place in September of 2014. During the workshop, participants worked to establish a criteria and standards for a world-historical gazetteer and reported on currently available gazetteer resources. A consensus arose among participants to begin the work of developing a “spine” gazetteer, based on a world-historical atlas, which is to be linked to other gazetteer resources. While the initial development work on the spine has already commenced, additional activities will continue through December of 2015. The product of the start-up project is displayed on the CHIA -
What Is the Importance of Islands to Environmental Conservation?
Environmental Conservation (2017) 44 (4): 311–322 C Foundation for Environmental Conservation 2017 doi:10.1017/S0376892917000479 What is the importance of islands to environmental THEMATIC SECTION Humans and Island conservation? Environments CHRISTOPH KUEFFER∗ 1 AND KEALOHANUIOPUNA KINNEY2 1Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland and 2Institute of Pacifc Islands Forestry, US Forest Service, 60 Nowelo St. Hilo, HI, USA Date submitted: 15 May 2017; Date accepted: 8 August 2017 SUMMARY islands of the world’s oceans, we cover both islands close to continents and others isolated far out in the oceans, and the This article discusses four features of islands that make full range from small to very large islands. Small and isolated them places of special importance to environmental islands represent unique cultural and biological values and the conservation. First, investment in island conservation environmental challenges of insularity in its most pronounced is both urgent and cost-effective. Islands are form. However, as we will demonstrate, all islands and island threatened hotspots of diversity that concentrate people share enough come concerns to consider them together unique cultural, biological and geophysical values, (Baldacchino 2007; Royle 2008; Gillespie & Clague 2009; and they form the basis of the livelihoods of Baldacchino & Niles 2011; Royle 2014). millions of islanders. Second, islands are paradigmatic Islands are hotspots of cultural, biological and geophysical places of human–environment relationships. Island diversity, and as such they form the basis of the livelihoods livelihoods have a long tradition of existing within of millions of islanders (Menard 1986; Nunn 1994; Royle spatial, ecological and ultimately social boundaries 2008; Gillespie & Clague 2009; Royle 2014; Kueffer et al. -
Environmental Science in the Course of Different Levels
THIS PAGE IS BLANK NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS New Delhi · Bangalore · Chennai · Cochin · Guwahati · Hyderabad Jalandhar · Kolkata · Lucknow · Mumbai · Ranchi PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com Copyright © 2006 New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers Published by New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this ebook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the publisher. All inquiries should be emailed to [email protected] ISBN (10) : 81-224-2330-2 ISBN (13) : 978-81-224-2330-3 PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com Education is a process of development which includes the three major activities, teaching, training and instruction. Teaching is social as well as a professional activity. It is science as well as art. Modern education is not in a sphere but it has a long and large area of study. Now a days most part of the world population is facing different problems related with the nature and they are studying the solutions to save the nature and global problems, but on the second hand we even today do not try to understand our local problems related to the nature. So for the awareness of the problems of P nature and pollution the higher education commission has suggested to add the Environmental Science in the course of different levels. -
168 2Nd Issue 2015
ISSN 0019–1043 Ice News Bulletin of the International Glaciological Society Number 168 2nd Issue 2015 Contents 2 From the Editor 25 Annals of Glaciology 56(70) 5 Recent work 25 Annals of Glaciology 57(71) 5 Chile 26 Annals of Glaciology 57(72) 5 National projects 27 Report from the New Zealand Branch 9 Northern Chile Annual Workshop, July 2015 11 Central Chile 29 Report from the Kathmandu Symposium, 13 Lake district (37–41° S) March 2015 14 Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego (41–56° S) 43 News 20 Antarctica International Glaciological Society seeks a 22 Abbreviations new Chief Editor and three new Associate 23 International Glaciological Society Chief Editors 23 Journal of Glaciology 45 Glaciological diary 25 Annals of Glaciology 56(69) 48 New members Cover picture: Khumbu Glacier, Nepal. Photograph by Morgan Gibson. EXCLUSION CLAUSE. While care is taken to provide accurate accounts and information in this Newsletter, neither the editor nor the International Glaciological Society undertakes any liability for omissions or errors. 1 From the Editor Dear IGS member It is now confirmed. The International Glacio be moving from using the EJ Press system to logical Society and Cambridge University a ScholarOne system (which is the one CUP Press (CUP) have joined in a partnership in uses). For a transition period, both online which CUP will take over the production and submission/review systems will run in parallel. publication of our two journals, the Journal Submissions will be twotiered – of Glaciology and the Annals of Glaciology. ‘Papers’ and ‘Letters’. There will no longer This coincides with our journals becoming be a distinction made between ‘General’ fully Gold Open Access on 1 January 2016. -
Creating a Definitive Place Name Layer (Gazetteer) for Scotland
Creating a Definitive Place Name Layer (Gazetteer) for Scotland Bruce M. Gittings Panos Terzis The University of Edinburgh Some Definitions • Short-form gazetteers: – often used in conjunction with computer mapping and GIS systems, may simply contain a list of place-names together with their locations in latitude and longitude or other spatial referencing systems (eg. British National Grid Reference). Short-form gazetteers appear as a place-name index in the rear of major published atlases. • Address Gazetteers: – geo-referenced address lists, often used by local authorities for purposes such as local taxation • Long-form (or Descriptive) gazetteers: – may include lengthy textual descriptions of the places they contain, including explanation of industries, government, geography, together with historical perspectives, maps and / or photographs. • Thematic gazetteers: – list places or geographical features by theme; for example fishing ports, nuclear power stations or historic buildings. Their common element is that the geographical location is an important attribute of the features listed. Scottish Tradition • Scotland has a rich set of geographical names drawn from English, Scots, Gaelic, Norse, Anglo-Saxon, German, French… • Names, descriptions and illustrations formed part of Scottish maps back into the 16th century • A fine tradition of descriptive gazetteer publishing flowered in the 19th century • Scotland produced gazetteers for around the world, or certainly those countries administered by Britain Drivers for a Contemporary Gazetteer -
Landforms and Their Evolution
CHAPTER LANDFORMS AND THEIR EVOLUTION fter weathering processes have had a part of the earth’s surface from one landform their actions on the earth materials into another or transformation of individual Amaking up the surface of the earth, the landforms after they are once formed. That geomorphic agents like running water, ground means, each and every landform has a history water, wind, glaciers, waves perform erosion. of development and changes through time. A It is already known to you that erosion causes landmass passes through stages of development changes on the surface of the earth. Deposition somewhat comparable to the stages of life — follows erosion and because of deposition too, youth, mature and old age. changes occur on the surface of the earth. As this chapter deals with landforms and What are the two important aspects of their evolution ‘first’ start with the question, the evolution of landforms? what is a landform? In simple words, small to medium tracts or parcels of the earth’s surface are called landforms. RUNNING WATER In humid regions, which receive heavy rainfall If landform is a small to medium sized running water is considered the most important part of the surface of the earth, what is a of the geomorphic agents in bringing about landscape? the degradation of the land surface. There are two components of running water. One is Several related landforms together make overland flow on general land surface as a up landscapes, (large tracts of earth’s surface). sheet. Another is linear flow as streams and Each landform has its own physical shape, size, materials and is a result of the action of rivers in valleys. -
Types of States Activity
Types of States Activity Unit 5 - Political Geography / AP Human Geography Craig Gaslow - Westlake High School, Austin TX *Applicable to any AP Human Geography class Objective Students will learn about: 1. the dynamics of the Ukraine/Russia conflict 2. the size, shape, and population distributions of current states previously under Soviet rule 3. ethnic, religious, and linguistic distributions of former Soviet states 4. different types of states in the former Soviet Union - from multi-state nations to nation-states, from stateless nations to multi-ethnic states 5. the historical background of central Asian states Introduction Russia & Ukraine video ○ Show the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJAKCV8bw9E ○ Have students Think/Pair/Share the following questions ■ What does the video say about the relationship between Ukraine and Russia? ■ How does the situation in Ukraine relate to concepts we’ve discussed in the AP Human Geography political unit like the Russian near abroad, MacKinder’s Heartland Theory, autonomous states, multi-state nations, multinational states, etc.? True Size Mapping Activity 1. In groups of 2-4, have students visit: https://thetruesize.com 2. Have students choose 3 of the following states, type them into the top left search bar, and drag these countries over the United States: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 3. Have students research the population size and population distributions of their 3 chosen countries (states), and compare these to the United States. 4. Share out these results as a class, and discuss any notable shapes (morphology): compact, large, elongated, perforated, fragmented, prorupted, microstate, exclave, enclave, landlocked. -
Gazetteer of West Virginia
Bulletin No. 233 Series F, Geography, 41 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIKECTOU A GAZETTEER OF WEST VIRGINIA I-IEISTRY G-AN3STETT WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1904 A» cl O a 3. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OP THE INTEKIOR, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, Washington, D. C. , March 9, 190Jh SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith, for publication as a bulletin, a gazetteer of West Virginia! Very respectfully, HENRY GANNETT, Geogwvpher. Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director United States Geological Survey. 3 A GAZETTEER OF WEST VIRGINIA. HENRY GANNETT. DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE. The State of West Virginia was cut off from Virginia during the civil war and was admitted to the Union on June 19, 1863. As orig inally constituted it consisted of 48 counties; subsequently, in 1866, it was enlarged by the addition -of two counties, Berkeley and Jeffer son, which were also detached from Virginia. The boundaries of the State are in the highest degree irregular. Starting at Potomac River at Harpers Ferry,' the line follows the south bank of the Potomac to the Fairfax Stone, which was set to mark the headwaters of the North Branch of Potomac River; from this stone the line runs due north to Mason and Dixon's line, i. e., the southern boundary of Pennsylvania; thence it follows this line west to the southwest corner of that State, in approximate latitude 39° 43i' and longitude 80° 31', and from that corner north along the western boundary of Pennsylvania until the line intersects Ohio River; from this point the boundary runs southwest down the Ohio, on the northwestern bank, to the mouth of Big Sandy River. -
A Geomorphic Classification System
A Geomorphic Classification System U.S.D.A. Forest Service Geomorphology Working Group Haskins, Donald M.1, Correll, Cynthia S.2, Foster, Richard A.3, Chatoian, John M.4, Fincher, James M.5, Strenger, Steven 6, Keys, James E. Jr.7, Maxwell, James R.8 and King, Thomas 9 February 1998 Version 1.4 1 Forest Geologist, Shasta-Trinity National Forests, Pacific Southwest Region, Redding, CA; 2 Soil Scientist, Range Staff, Washington Office, Prineville, OR; 3 Area Soil Scientist, Chatham Area, Tongass National Forest, Alaska Region, Sitka, AK; 4 Regional Geologist, Pacific Southwest Region, San Francisco, CA; 5 Integrated Resource Inventory Program Manager, Alaska Region, Juneau, AK; 6 Supervisory Soil Scientist, Southwest Region, Albuquerque, NM; 7 Interagency Liaison for Washington Office ECOMAP Group, Southern Region, Atlanta, GA; 8 Water Program Leader, Rocky Mountain Region, Golden, CO; and 9 Geology Program Manager, Washington Office, Washington, DC. A Geomorphic Classification System 1 Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 5 I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. 6 History of Classification Efforts in the Forest Service ............................................................... 6 History of Development .............................................................................................................. 7 Goals