ART & Culture Under RDC, CD, Cuttack *******
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
ART & Culture under RDC, CD, Cuttack ******* The jurisdiction of Revenue Divisional Commissioner, Central Division, Cuttack is extended from Puri to Mayurbhanj. The zone of Central Division is comprised of Ten districts such as Balasore, Bhadrak, Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur, Kendrapara, Khordha, Mayurbhanj, Nayagarh, Puri. This Central Division of RDC has been established on 1957. The Central Division is one of the three RDC Division of Odisha. Mostly coastal districts comes under this Division apart from Mayurbhanj, where tribal culture is predominantly found. A mixture of all culture were Jainism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity, Islam are being found in the areas of this Division. The District wise details of different culture found under this Division are as follows: BALASORE Balasore culture is a blend of traditional festivals, food, and music. The city offers a cosmopolitan and diverse lifestyle with a variety of food, entertainment, available in a form and abundance comparable to that in other cities. Balasore residents celebrate both Western and Indian festivals. Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, Navratri, Good Friday, Dussera, Muharram, Ganesh Chaturthi, Durga Puja, Rajaa and Maha Shivratri are some of the popular festivals in the city. The akhada Arts Festival during durga puja is a unique culture of Balasore. In Balasore district, available art are 1) Palla 2) Daskathia 3) Chadheya Nata 4) Dadhi Nata 5) Sankirtana 6) Ghoda Nacha 7) Tribal Dance 8) Manasa Pala 9) Sasthi Pala 10) Chhau 11) Pitula Nacha 12) Kela Keluni 13) Paika Akhada. (Ghoda Nacha, a folk dance form of Balasore) Balasore District is very much famous for its glorious history, art, culture and tradition. There are many beautiful temples and spots to be seen here at Balasore District. The people of the various religious beliefs residing here, viz. Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians etc, amply display the cultural genesis of Balasore District. The copper coins collected from Bhograi and the collection of statues of Lord Buddha from places like Avana, Kupari, Basta and Ayodhya magnifies the existence of Buddhism here. Buddhism is also popular during “Bhoumakar”. The statue of Lord Jaina at Jaleswar, Balasore and Avana hints about Jainism that is practiced in this District, which was also popular during 10th and 11th centuries. Balasore District is highly famous for its Shaiva-Pitha”s and many a temples of Lord Shiva are seen at places throughout the district. The temples of Lord Shiva at Chandaneshwar, Baneshwar, Jhadeshwar, Panchalingeshwar, Bhusandeshwar and Mani-Nageshwar are highly popular.. The District has also attained fame for its Saktipitha’s, found at “Bhudhar Chandi” of Sajanagarh, “Danda Kali” of Khantapara and “Chandi Mandir” at Kharjureshwar. The Sun temples of Ayodhya, Seragarh, Nilagiri and Bardhanpur makes one to reminiscence about the images of the “Sun Devotee”. Vaishnab Dharma is popular here from the time of Gupta dynasty. Vishnu temples at different places of the District and the Khirochora temple (built during the period of second Narasingha Dev) highlight the religious and cultural inclinations of the District”s people. The two Jagannath temples at the heart of Balasore and other Jagannath temples at Nilagiri, Mangalpur, Gud, Jaleswar, Kamarda, Deuligan and Baliapal unfolds the culture of this region. Many a Masjid, Church, Gurudwara (at Remuna) etc. identifies the different religions and places of worship in this District, Famous festivals like Makara Sankranti, Raja Sankranti, Ganga Mela, Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Ganesh Chaturthi, Saraswati Puja, Laxmi Puja, Bishwakarma Puja, Chandan festival, Car festival, Maha Shivaratri, Dola Purnima, Id, Moharrum, Christmas Day etc. are performed with much pump and fanfare by the people of this region. Balasore is famous for the most attractive and enjoyable game of “Akhada”, played during Durga Puja by Hindus & during Moharrum by Muslims. People of this District had played a dominant role in the language revolution, during the making of the separate Odisha province. The important newspapers “Bodhadayeenee” and “Balasore Sambad Bahika”, by the efforts of Vysa Kabi Fakir Mohan Senapati had sown the seeds of Oriya language revolution and for the development of Oriya literature. Odisha’s cultural history will ever remember the contributions of Raja Baikuntha Nath Dev, Vysa Kabi Fakir Mohan and Rai Bahadur Radha Charan Das, for their efforts in making Odisha a separate province and in glorifying Oriya language and literature BHADRAK Bhadrak is famous for Bhadrakali Temple, which is also now a great occasion over the district.Aradi, Chandabali, Dhamanagar, Kharida Binayakpur, Dhamara, and Guamala Nuasasan are some other places of tourist interest. In Bhadark District available folk are Mugal Tamasa, Baunsa Rani, Chadheiya Dance, Kathi Pala, Sakhi Pala, Daskathia, Women pala. (Artiest playing Moghal Tamsa) Nalanga, a village in Gelpur Panchayat is famous for Lord Naleswar (Shiva). The Naleswar Temple is one of the oldest temples in Odisha. Nalanga is the birthplace of Lok- kabi Jagannath Pani, the teacher of Baishnav Pani. Kharida Binayakpur is another village in Basudevpur constituency of this district is famous for Maa Ankudeswari Temple and its Moha vishuba Sankranti, Ravan Podi during Durga puja also famous in this village. Brahmangan, another village in Basudevpur constituency of this district is famous for its century-old Prasanna Khemeswar mahadeva temple and its melana jatra during holi. Durga puja & Jagar also famous in this village. Biggest Pond in Odisha and Famous Maa Patana Mangala Temple (Chhatrapada) is about 38.0 km (43 min) away from Bhadrak. Banta, Basantia, Basudebpur blocks & villages respectively in which village various melas are organised in various days of the year out of which Panchuka Purnima which is celebrating in a very great fun of people in which boat is sailed in the big pond of Basantia village in the memories of Oriya Sadhabas, who was going to make their business in the near islands like Java and Borneo, Indonesia for too many days. The Dash family is in the village of Nuagaon near to the historical place ream is largest members of family in the district. This family gave many eminent personalities to the motherland. Late Panu Dash is one of them who martyred in Second Jaliwala Bag fight. Pirahat, the place in Tihidi block is historical and cultural area which is famous for durga puja, kali puja,and other festivals. Durga Puja of the village Barabatia completing 400 years shows the greatness of place. Many freedom fighters are also born in pirahat. The gandhi statue at Pirhat kali padia is the emblem of freedom fighters. CUTTACK Inscriptions of Ananga Bhima Deva lll refer the original city as Abhinab-Biranasi–Katak. Like the city of Baranasi, situated in between Baruna and Asi, Cuttack is situated between the rivers Mahanadi and Kathajodi. Cuttack developed into a city out of five villages’ viz. Choudwar Katak, Baranasi Katak, Sarangagarh Katak, Virata Katak and Amaravati Katak. In the remote past, Cuttack was connected both by land routes and waterways with the renowned medieval ports like Chelitalo, Palur and Tamralipti. Although politically Cuttack was not that significant before the 8th century A.D, still it was a flourishing mart of Eastern trade. However, Cuttack became a capital city at the end of the 10th century A.D, during the reign of Somavanansi dynasty of Odisha.The importance of Cuttack rapidly increased after the occupation of Odisha by ChodaGangaDeva early in the 12th century A.D. ChodaGanga transferred his capital from Kalinganagar to Katak, which was more centrally located. The famous Barabati Fort was constructed in 1229 A.D.by the famous Ganga ruler AnangBhimaDeva lll.After the Ganges, Odisha passed into the hands of the Gajapati under whom Cuttack continued to be the capital of the state. The reference from Ain–i–Akbari clearly denotes that Cuttack was a flourishing capital city during the time of Mukunda Deva. On the eve of Afghan occupation, Cuttack was found to be a well guarded and heavily fortified capital.The Afghans however were not destined to rule Odisha and they were soon ousted by the Imperial Mughals. Cuttack continued to be the capital of Mughal Odisha and Abul Fazl clearly mentions that Mughal Governor was residing in that city. During the rule of the Marathas, Cuttack greatly prospered as an emporium of trade and commerce and became a central market for exchange between the Marathas of Nagpur and the English merchants of Bengal and Northern Circar.As per the treaty of Deogaon, Cuttack came under British occupation in 1803 and the English set themselves to the task of consolidation and land revenue administration. As an after effect of the devastating famine of 1866, the government gave serious consideration to remove the isolation of Cuttack from the outside world and at the same time to prevent the recurrence of such calamities in future. Along with several water ways, roads were also opened during the later part of the 19th century to provide Cuttack with internal communication. Then towards the last decade of the 19th century, railway line of BNR connected Cuttack directly with Madras and Calcutta. The first newspaper of Odisha, ‘Utkal Dipika’ was published by the Cuttack Printing Company due to the efforts of Gourisankar Ray in 1866. There was a great change in the educational scenario of Cuttack after the British occupation, with the establishment of the first Government English School in 1841. It slowly progressed as the Higher English School until the famine of 1886. Then the school was converted into a college with intermediate teaching in 1868, which in due course of time took the name of Ravenshaw College. Ravenshaw College was converted to Ravenshaw University on 15th November 2006. Odisha Medical was established in 1875, following the establishment of Cuttack General Hospital in 1874. The Cuttack Municipality came into existence in 1876. In 1923, two new educational institutions opened in Cuttack.