DOCSLIB.ORG

To View the CAHR 2020 Abstract Book

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
To View the CAHR 2020 Abstract Book 29th Annual Canadian 29e Congrès annuel Conference on canadien de recherche HIV/AIDS Research sur le VIH/sida Hope, Victories and Perseverance beyond 2020 Hope, Victoires et Persévérance au-delà de 2020 ABSTRACTS ABRÉGÉS www.cahr-acrv.ca CAHR 2020 VIRTUAL CAHR 2020 Hope, Victories and Perseverance beyond 2020 ACRV 2020 Espoir, Victoires et Persévérance au-delà de 2020 Abstracts / Abrégés May 1 - 2, 2020 / 1 au 2 mai 2020 Virtual Conference Due to COVID-19, the 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research -- which was scheduled to take place in Quebec City -- became CAHR 2020 Virtual. This compendium of abstracts represents those that were approved for the face to face program as developed by the 2020 Conference Scientific Committee. The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research April 2020 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida avril 2020 CAHR Committees / Comités de l’ACRV CAHR Executive Committee / Conseil de direction de l’ACRV President / Président Dr. Carol Strike President Elect / Président désigné Dr. Keith Fowke Past President / Ancien président Dr. Curtis Cooper Treasurer / Trésorière Dr. Marissa Becker Secretary / Secrétaire Dr. Shariq Haider CAHR Board of Directors / Conseil d’administration de l’ACRV Track A: Basic Sciences / Volet A : Sciences fondamentales Dr. Lyle McKinnon Track B: Clinical Sciences / Volet B : Sciences cliniques Dr. Alexandra King Track C: Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences / Volet C : Épidémiologie et sciences de la santé publique Dr. Angela Kaida Track D: Social Sciences / Volet D : Sciences sociales Dr. Ciann Wilson Community Representative / Représentant communautaire Kerrigan Johnson CAHR Staff Members / Personnel de l’ACRV Executive Director / Directeur général Andrew Matejcic Sponsorship, Accreditation, Education Erin Love Gestionnaire, Commandites, agrément et formation Finance, Communications Shelley Mineault Gestionnaire Finances et communications Scientific Program Committee / Comité du programme scientifique Conference Co-Chairs / Coprésidents du congrès Dr. Gary Kobinger Dr. Marie-Louise Vachon Track Co-Chairs / Coprésidents des volets Track A: Basic Sciences / Volet A : Sciences fondamentales Dr. Caroline Gilbert Dr. Michel J Tremblay Track B: Clinical Sciences / Volet B : Sciences cliniques Dr. Lucie Deshaies Dr. Sylvie Trottier Track C: Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences Volet C : Épidémiologie et sciences de la santé publique Dr. Michel Alary Dr. Souleymane Diabaté Track D: Social Sciences / Volet D : Sciences sociales Dr. Zack Marshall Doris Peltier i The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research April 2020 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida avril 2020 Abstract Reviewers / Évaluateurs des abrégés Track A: Track B: Track C: Track D: Basic Sciences Clinical Sciences Epidemiology and Social Sciences Volet A : Volet B : Public Health Sciences Volet D : Sciences Sciences cliniques Volet C : Sciences sociales fondamentales Épidémiologie et Mehdee Araee sciences de la santé Jean Guy Baril Josie Auger publique Jonathan Angel Ari Bitnun Janak Bajgai Benoit Barbeau Marie-Josée Brouillette Martin Blais Stephen D. Barr Peter K. Cheung Chris Archibald Nora Butler Burke Nicole Bernard Hélène C. Côté Janak Bajgai Liviana Calzavara Mark A. Brockman Joanne Embree Marissa Becker Anthony de Padua Georgia Dewart Zabrina L. Brumme Pierre Giguere Luc Béhanzin Natalie Duchesne Adam Burgener Troy Grennan Karine Blouin OmiSoore Dryden Peter K. Cheung Marianne Harris Julie Bruneau Gilbert Emond Nicolas Chomont Mark Hull Ann N. Burchell Olivier Ferlatte Éric A. Cohen Zahid Butt Oscar Larios Jacqueline Gahagan Hélène C. Côté Kiffer Card Mona Loufty Oralia Gómez-Ramírez Cecilia Costiniuk Allison Carter Paul MacPherson Adrian Guta Angela M. Crawley Carolyn Cyr Valérie Martel-Lafer- Suzanne Hindmarch Anthony de Padua Christine Farr rière Kyle Kirkup Georgia Dewart Andrés Finzi Sharmistha Mishra Ashley Lacombe- Anne Gatignol Nasheed Moqueet OmiSoore Dryden Duncan Michael Grant Stanley Read Joanne Embree Carmen H. Logie Christina Guzzo Jean-Pierre Routy Gilbert Emond Charlotte Loppie Marc-André Langlois Sahar Saeed Katia Giguère Candice Lys Kerry J. Lavender Joel Singer Abraham Gizaw Jane McCall Paul J. McLaren Alexander Wong Adrian Guta Alexander McClelland Andrew J. Mouland Mark H. Yudin Mona Loufty Taylor McLinden Thomas T. Murooka Taylor McLinden Stephanie Nixon Ralph Pantophlet Sharmistha Mishra Earl Nowgesic Art F. Poon David M. Moore Kelly K. O’Brien Jean-Pierre Routy Nasheed Moqueet Surita Parashar Tara Schellenberg Syed W. Noor J. Craig Phillips Tracey Prentice Xiaojian Yao J. Craig Phillips Sahar Saeed Shayna Skakoon- Sparling Tara Schellenberg Rusty Souleymanov Marc Steben Christine Vézina Alexander Wong Ciann Wilson ii The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research April 2020 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida avril 2020 Table of Contents Oral Presentations / Exposés oraux BS1 HIV Virology . 1 CS1 HIV in Women and Children . 8 EPH1 HIV and HCV Surveillance . 13 SS1 Criminalization, Law, and Policy . .19 BS2 HIV Latency and Viral Reservoirs . 25 CS2 HIV and Aging . .33 EPH2 HIV Epidemiology and Public Health: Various Topics . 40 SS2 Engaging (with) Communities in HIV Research . 49 KP1 African, Caribbean and Black People . 57 KP2 Indigenous Communities . 64 KP3 People Who Use Drugs . 70 KP4 Sexual and Gender Minorities . 76 BS3 Cure, Vaccines and immunology . 82 CS3 Antiretroviral Therapy and Resistance . .90 EPH3 HIV in Priority Populations and Global Health Issues: Epidemiology and Prevention . 99 SS3 Health and Wellbeing . 107 BS4 HIV Pathogenesis and Animal Models . 116 CS4 Co-morbidities and Adherence . 122 EPH4 HIV PrEP . .129 SS4 Indigenous Health . .137 Poster Presentations / Affiches Basic Sciences / Sciences fondamentales BSP1 Antivirals, Microbicides and Mechanisms of HIV Resistance . 143 BSP2 Biomarkers and Diagnostics . .154 BSP3 Comorbidities, Coinfections and Complications . 159 iii The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research April 2020 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida avril 2020 BSP5 Eradication Strategies Towards an HIV Cure . 160 BSP6 HIV Latency and Viral Reservoirs . .162 BSP7 HIV Pathogenesis and Animal Models . 167 BSP8 HIV Virology (Viral and Host Factors) . .169 BSP9 Host Genetics and Viral Evolution . 186 BSP10 Immunology of HIV and Vaccines . 189 BSP11 Other . .207 Clinical Sciences / Sciences cliniques CSP1 Adherence . .209 CSP2 Clinical Trials and Observational Studies of Antiretrovirals and Other HIV Therapies . 210 CSP3 Co-infections (including HCV, HBV, HPV, TB) . 218 CSP4 Complications of Antiretroviral Therapy . .222 CSP5 HIV and Aging and Comorbidities (including CVD, Osteoporosis, Neurocognitive Effects) . 224 CSP6 HIV in Key Populations and Global Health Issues: Clinical Aspects . 230 CSP7 HIV in Women and in Pregnancy . .234 CSP8 HIV Prevention: Clinical Aspects . .241 CSP9 Mental Health Issues and HIV Positive Persons . .245 CSP10 Other . .247 CSP11 Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacoeconomics . 252 CSP12 Resistance . .253 CSP13 STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis) . .255 CSP14 Substance Use and HIV . 257 Epidemiology and Public Health / Épidémiologie et santé publique EPHP1 Data and methodological science: use of administrative data, new tools and other novel data sources in HIV surveillance, prevention and control programs . 258 EPHP2 Economic Evaluation of Public Health Policies, Programs or Interventions . .271 EPHP3 Epidemiology and Surveillance of HIV Co-infections . .272 EPHP4 Evaluations of Public Health Policies, Programs or Interventions . .283 iv The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research April 2020 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida avril 2020 EPHP5 HIV in Priority Populations and Global Health Issues: Epidemiology and Public Health Aspects . 298 EPHP6 HIV Prevention and Control Programs Towards key Populations - Implementation and Program Science . .310 EPHP8 HIV Prevention: Public Health Aspects . 326 EPHP9 Interdisciplinary Epidemiology (Biological, Behavioural and Social) of HIV infection, including structural, social and individual determinants . .341 EPHP10 Other . .345 EPHP11 Process Advances and Lessons Learned in Complex or Community-based Public Health Research . .351 Social Sciences / Sciences sociales SSP1 Behavioral and Social Intervention and Implementation Research . .357 SSP2 Communities of People Who Use Drugs and HIV . .360 SSP3 Critical Social Theory: Advancements (in Understanding the HIV Epidemic) . .364 SSP4 Engaging (with) Communities in HIV Research . .345 SSP5 Gay, Bisexual and other Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) . .377 SSP6 Impacts of Migration within Canada on Health . .383 SSP7 Indigenous Health . .384 SSP8 Living with HIV and Health . 393 SSP9 Models of Care and Improving Access . 409 SSP10 Other . .416 SSP11 Programming and Policy . .418 SSP12 Responding to the Opioid Crisis . .424 SSP13 Social, Structural and Systemic Drivers of HIV . 425 SSP14 The Health of African, Caribbean and Black Communities . 427 SSP15 U = U . .437 SSP16 Young People’s Health . .440 Author Index . .441 v The 29th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research Oral Abstracts 29e Congrès annuel canadien de recherche sur le VIH/sida Exposés oraux Basic Sciences: HIV Virology (Viral and Host Factors) Sciences fondamentales : Virologie du VIH (Facteurs liés au virus et à l’hôte) BS1.01 Production of Chemokine Fractalkine in HIV-1 Brain Inflammation:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiología Clínica Enfermedades Infecciosas Y
    ISSN: 0213-005X Factor de impacto 2016: 1.714 Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Volumen 37, Especial Congreso 3, Diciembre 2019 Publicación mensual PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGÍA CLÍNICA XI Congreso Nacional GeSIDA Diciembre 2019. Volumen 37. Especial Congreso 3. Páginas 1-146 y XIII Reunión Docente de la Red de Investigación de Sida (RIS) Toledo, 10-13 de diciembre de 2019 Incluida en: Index Medicus/MEDLINE Excerpta Medica/EMBASE Current Contents/Clinical Medicine ISI Alerting Services Science Citation Index-Expanded Journal Citation Reports Scopus/MEDES www.elsevier.es/eimc 00 PORTADA_GESIDA 2019.indd 1 26/11/19 14:07 PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGÍA CLÍNICA Fundadores Editor Editores Asociados Agustí Pumarola Busquets † Benito Almirante Gragera (Barcelona) Juan Ignacio Alós Cortés (Madrid) Juan García San Miguel † José Ramón Arribas López (Madrid) Emilia Cercenado Mansilla (Madrid) Consejo Editorial Echevarria Mayo, José Manuel (Madrid) Navas Elorza, Enrique (Madrid) Aguado García, José Ma (Madrid) Ena Muñoz, Javier (Alicante) Ortiz de Lejarazu Leona, Raúl (Valladolid) Aguirrebengoa Iranguren, Koldo (Bilbao) Ezpeleta Baquedano, Ma Carmen (Bilbao) Oteo Revuelta, José Antonio (Logroño) Alarcón Cavero, Teresa (Madrid) Falguera Sacrest, Miguel (Lleida) Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo (Sevilla) Alarcón González, Arístides de (Sevilla) Fariñas Álvarez, Carmen (Santander) Pascual
    [Show full text]
  • Merck & Co., Inc
    As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2021 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549 _________________________________ FORM 10-K (MARK ONE) ☒ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 OR ☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File No. 1-6571 _________________________________ Merck & Co., Inc. 2000 Galloping Hill Road Kenilworth New Jersey 07033 (908) 740-4000 New Jersey 22-1918501 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) (I.R.S Employer Identification No.) Securities Registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Trading Symbol(s) Name of Each Exchange on which Registered Common Stock ($0.50 par value) MRK New York Stock Exchange 1.125% Notes due 2021 MRK/21 New York Stock Exchange 0.500% Notes due 2024 MRK 24 New York Stock Exchange 1.875% Notes due 2026 MRK/26 New York Stock Exchange 2.500% Notes due 2034 MRK/34 New York Stock Exchange 1.375% Notes due 2036 MRK 36A New York Stock Exchange Number of shares of Common Stock ($0.50 par value) outstanding as of January 31, 2021: 2,530,315,668. Aggregate market value of Common Stock ($0.50 par value) held by non-affiliates on June 30, 2020 based on closing price on June 30, 2020: $195,461,000,000. Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
    [Show full text]
  • (51) International Patent Classification: Declarations Under Rule 4.17
    ) ( (51) International Patent Classification: Declarations under Rule 4.17: A61K9/00 (2006.01) A61K 31/675 (2006.01) — as to applicant's entitlement to apply for and be granted a A61K9/14 (2006.01) A61K 31/683 (2006.01) patent (Rule 4.17(H)) A61K9/16 (2006.01) — as to the applicant's entitlement to claim the priority of the (21) International Application Number: earlier application (Rule 4.17(iii)) PCT/US2020/046758 Published: (22) International Filing Date: — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) 18 August 2020 (18.08.2020) (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Language: English (30) Priority Data: 62/888,959 19 August 2019 (19.08.2019) US (71) Applicant: GILEAD SCIENCES, INC. [US/US]; 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404 (US). (72) Inventors: BANE, Jessica M.; c/o Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404 (US). NEJATI, Elham; c/o Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404 (US). STEFANIDIS, Dimitrios; c/o Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404 (US). (74) Agent: BAJPAI, Reena et al.; Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404 (US). (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available) : AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, IT, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, WS, ZA, ZM, ZW.
    [Show full text]
  • What's New in Hiv? Highlights & New Data on Hiv Treatment a Presentation for Healthtrust Members June 18, 2021
    WHAT'S NEW IN HIV? HIGHLIGHTS & NEW DATA ON HIV TREATMENT A PRESENTATION FOR HEALTHTRUST MEMBERS JUNE 18, 2021 SHIVANI PATEL, PHARMD PGY-1 PHARMACY RESIDENT ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL NAVANEETH NARAYANAN, PHARMD, MPH, BCIDP CLINICAL ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR RUTGERS UNIVERSITY ERNEST MARIO SCHOOL OF PHARMACY CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE There are no relevant financial interest to disclose for myself or my spouse/partner within the last 12 months. The preceptor has a financial interest/arrangement, affiliation or relationship with Astellas and Merck that could be perceived as a real or apparent conflict of interest in the context of the subject of this activity. Note: This program may contain the mention of suppliers, brand products, services, or drugs presented in a case study or comparative format using evidence-based research. Such examples are intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be perceived as an endorsement of any particular supplier, brand, product, service or drug. 1 2 3 LEARNING Identify new antiretroviral Describe a two-drug regimen Outline key counseling points agents and their role in the for treatment-naïve to a patient receiving new OBJECTIVES management of HIV/AIDS individuals and factors to antiretroviral agents related consider when selecting an to drug administration, initial regimen for an potential side effects, and individual. drug-drug interactions DRUG NAME ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Full Name Abbreviation Full Name Abbreviation Full Name 3TC Lamivudine DTG Dolutegravir
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescent Living With
    Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents with HIV Developed by the DHHS Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents – A Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council (OARAC) How to Cite the Adult and Adolescent Guidelines: Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Department of Health and Human Services. Available at https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/sites/default/files/guidelines/documents/ AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf. Accessed [insert date] [insert page number, table number, etc. if applicable] It is emphasized that concepts relevant to HIV management evolve rapidly. The Panel has a mechanism to update recommendations on a regular basis, and the most recent information is available on the HIVinfo Web site (http://hivinfo.nih.gov). What’s New in the Guidelines? August 16, 2021 Hepatitis C Virus/HIV Coinfection • Table 18 of this section has been updated to include recommendations regarding concomitant use of fostemsavir or long acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine with different hepatitis C treatment regimens. June 3, 2021 What to Start • Since the release of the last guidelines, updated data from the Botswana Tsepamo study have shown that the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) associated with dolutegravir (DTG) use during conception is much lower than previously reported. Based on these new data, the Panel now recommends that a DTG-based regimen can be prescribed for most people with HIV who are of childbearing potential. Before initiating a DTG-based regimen, clinicians should discuss the risks and benefits of using DTG with persons of childbearing potential, to allow them to make an informed decision.
    [Show full text]
  • Prep and Microbicides PIPELINE REPORT 2021
    Pipeline Report » 2021 PrEP and Microbicides PIPELINE REPORT 2021 The PrEP and Microbicides Pipeline By Richard Jefferys The scientific development of medical interventions can sometimes become fixated on potential one-size-fits-all “home run” solutions. In the realm of biomedical HIV prevention research, community advocates have helped push back against this model, emphasizing the critical importance of creating an array of effective options that people can choose based on their individual situation. The PrEP and microbicide pipelines reflect the pursuit of diverse approaches, including oral, injectable, and topical candidates. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020 was a year of exceptional progress in HIV prevention research. The most significant news in microbicide development is that, in July 2020, the dapivirine vaginal ring received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use by cisgender women aged 18 and over in high-burden developing countries “when oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is not used, cannot be used or is not available.” This was followed by the addition of the dapivirine vaginal ring to the World Health Organization (WHO) list of prequalified medicines, and in January 2021, the WHO issued a recommendation for the ring as “a new choice for HIV prevention for women at substantial risk of HIV infection.” The International Partnership for Microbicides (IPM) is now seeking regulatory approval for the ring in Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. For Eswatini and Lesotho, IPM is taking steps to make the ring available under national import license processes. An application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was submitted in December 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Merck Announces Week 96 Data from Phase 2B Study Evaluating Islatravir in Combination with Doravirine in Adults with HIV-1 Infection
    NEWS RELEASE Merck Announces Week 96 Data from Phase 2b Study Evaluating Islatravir in Combination With Doravirine in Adults With HIV-1 Infection 10/8/2020 Treatment With Islatravir and Doravirine Maintained Viral Suppression and No Viral Resistance was Identied Company Also Presenting Phase 1/1b Results for MK-8507, a New Investigational Once- Weekly Oral HIV Agent; Company Advances MK-8507 to Phase 2 KENILWORTH, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, today announced Week 96 data from the Phase 2b trial (NCT03272347) evaluating the ecacy and safety of islatravir, the company’s investigational oral nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI), in combination with doravirine (PIFELTRO™), in treatment-naïve adults with HIV-1 infection. Week 96 ndings demonstrated that the combination of islatravir and doravirine maintained virologic suppression (as measured by the number of study participants achieving HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL, similar to DELSTRIGO™(doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)), and the ndings were consistent with Week 48 results. Additional Week 96 data from the study show low rates of participants meeting the denition of protocol- dened virologic failure (PDVF) in both the islatravir plus doravirine and the DELSTRIGO treatment arms, and no participants in either arm met the criteria for resistance testing. Merck also announced results from Phase 1/1b studies for MK-8507, the company’s investigational once-weekly oral non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), which showed that the antiviral potency and pharmacokinetics of MK-8507 support further investigation for once-weekly oral administration as part of combination antiretroviral therapy.
    [Show full text]
  • Antiretroviral Drugs Impact Autophagy with Toxic Outcomes
    cells Review Antiretroviral Drugs Impact Autophagy with Toxic Outcomes Laura Cheney 1,*, John M. Barbaro 2 and Joan W. Berman 2,3 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA 2 Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; [email protected] (J.M.B.); [email protected] (J.W.B.) 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-718-904-2587 Abstract: Antiretroviral drugs have dramatically improved the morbidity and mortality of peo- ple living with HIV (PLWH). While current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are generally well-tolerated, risks for side effects and toxicity remain as PLWH must take life-long medications. Antiretroviral drugs impact autophagy, an intracellular proteolytic process that eliminates debris and foreign material, provides nutrients for metabolism, and performs quality control to maintain cell homeostasis. Toxicity and adverse events associated with antiretrovirals may be due, in part, to their impacts on autophagy. A more complete understanding of the effects on autophagy is essential for developing antiretroviral drugs with decreased off target effects, meaning those unrelated to viral suppression, to minimize toxicity for PLWH. This review summarizes the findings and highlights the gaps in our knowledge of the impacts of antiretroviral drugs on autophagy. Keywords: HIV; antiretroviral drugs; side effects; toxicity; autophagy; mitophagy; mitochondria; Citation: Cheney, L.; Barbaro, J.M.; ER stress Berman, J.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Prioritisation of Hiv, Hepatitis C and Tuberculosis Medicines for In-Licensing by the Medicines Patent Pool - 2019 Table of Contents
    PRIORITISATION OF HIV, HEPATITIS C AND TUBERCULOSIS MEDICINES FOR IN-LICENSING BY THE MEDICINES PATENT POOL - 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 4 2. Priorities in HIV 5 3. Priorities in Hepatitis C 8 4. Priorities in Tuberculosis 8 3 AKNOWLEDGEMENTS The MPP is grateful to the experts participating in various meetings including the WHO Think Tank, the Paediatric Antiretroviral Drug Optimization (PADO), the Workshop of the Long-Acting/Extended Release Antiretroviral Resource Program (LEAP) and the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) whose contributions and insights contributed to the updating of the MPP prioritisation. Discussions over the past year with a wide range of experts in academic and civil society organizations were also extremely helpful to further understand the potential of different medicines. The final assessment, however, is the responsibility of the MPP alone. 4 1. INTRODUCTION The first step in MPP’s work on licensing of HIV, hepatitis C and tuberculosis medicines is selecting possible candidate medicines for in-licensing. This selection is done on an annual basis applying a prioritisation methodology that was developed in 2016 in the context of the MPP’s second grant with Unitaid, and further refined in 2017 and 2018. The objective of the prioritisation is to select candidate medicines for in-licensing that could have the greatest impact for public health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The methodology relies on a thorough review of the medicines on the market as well as those in late-stage development, and consists in an analysis of available clinical data on each medicine, scope and breadth of patent protection, licensing status and market potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Article On
    CHILDREN AND THE ‘BIG THREE’ EPIDEMICS Despite significant advances in HIV, many children remain at risk JUNE This article is one of a series of three. It dives into the current situa- tion for HIV, highlighting the speci c burden on children, setting out what needs to happen next in terms of product development and the remaining product gaps. It underscores the need for a diverse range of new treatments that are suitable for children, especially with the growing threat of drug resistance. 12 Despite signi cant advances in HIV, many children remain at risk 14 Market insight 16 Research & development insight 18 Ensuring access 19 Case studies: How companies and organisations are working to improve access to paediatric ARVs HIV - CONTEXT Despite significant advances in HIV, many children remain at risk ©Medicines Patent Pool ©Medicines Patent AT A GLANCE Forty years after its outbreak, HIV is one of the ARVs, healthcare providers and caregivers often greatest pandemics of modern times. Great pro- resort to manipulating adult formulations such Resistance to chloroquine in the 1990s was responsiblegress has for almost been made in the prevention and treat- as breaking or crushing pills to approximate the doubling malaria-associated deaths in sub-Saharanment Africa. of the disease, including paediatric HIV and required dose, causing issues related to absorption AIDS. This is thanks in large part to coordinated and increasing the risk of inaccurate dosing. Progress has been and sustained commitment from governments, made NGOs, civil society and industry. Ensuring uninterrupted supply In East and Southern In East and Southern Africa, mother-to-child Weaknesses or distributions in ARV supply chains Africa, mother-to- transmission of HIV has decreased by almost half are also considered driving factors behind the child transmission of since 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral, Parenteral, and Vaginal Dosage Forms for Prevention of HIV/Stis and Unplanned Pregnancy
    polymers Review Multipurpose Prevention Technologies: Oral, Parenteral, and Vaginal Dosage Forms for Prevention of HIV/STIs and Unplanned Pregnancy Isabella C. Young 1 and Soumya Rahima Benhabbour 1,2,* 1 Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; [email protected] 2 Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-(919)-843-6142 Abstract: There is a high global prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and un- planned pregnancies. Current preventative daily oral dosing regimens can be ineffective due to low patient adherence. Sustained release delivery systems in conjunction with multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) can reduce high rates of HIV/STIs and unplanned pregnancies in an all-in-one ef- ficacious, acceptable, and easily accessible technology to allow for prolonged release of antivirals and contraceptives. The concept and development of MPTs have greatly progressed over the past decade and demonstrate efficacious technologies that are user-accepted with potentially high adherence. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the latest oral, parenteral, and vaginally delivered MPTs in development as well as drug delivery formulations with the potential to advance as an MPT, and implementation studies regarding MPT user acceptability and adherence. Furthermore, Citation: Young, I.C.; Benhabbour, there is a focus on MPT intravaginal rings emphasizing injection molding and hot-melt extrusion S.R. Multipurpose Prevention manufacturing limitations and emerging fabrication advancements.
    [Show full text]
  • Inhibitors & Agonists Compound Screening Libraries
    www.MedChemExpress.com MedChemExpress Inhibitors & Agonists 25,000+ Specific Inhibitors & Agonists Targeting 20+ Classic Signaling Pathways Compound Screening Libraries 50+ Compound Screening Libraries Optimized for Disease Mechanism Revealing & Drug Repurposing Nature. 2020 Apr;580(7803):386-390. Cell. 2020 Apr 6. pii: S0092-8674(20)30268-3. Cell. 2020 Mar 5;180(5):941-955.e20. Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7799):433-437. Science. 2020 Feb 14;367(6479):806-810. Cell. 2020 Feb 20;180(4):645-654.e13. Nature. 2019 Dec;576(7786):274-280. Cell. 2019 Dec 12;179(7):1483-1498.e22. Cell. 2019 Dec 12;179(7):1566-1581.e16. Nature. 2019 Nov;575(7782):375-379. Nature. 2019 Nov;575(7784):683-687. Nature. 2019 Oct;574(7777):264-267. Cell. 2019 Oct 31;179(4):864-879.e19. Nat Nanotechnol. 2019 Oct;14(10):988-993. Publications Citing Use of MCE Products Citing Use of Publications Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Oct;37(10):1209-1216. Cell. 2019 Aug 22;178(5):1145-1158.e20. Cell. 2019 Aug 22;178(5):1132-1144.e10. Nature. 2019 Jul;571(7763):127-131. Science. 2019 Jul 19;365(6450). Cell. 2019 Jul 25;178(3):585-599.e15. Cell. 2019 Jul 11;178(2):330-345.e22. Inhibitors & Agonists “ 25,000+ selective Inhibitors and Agonists We offer Targeting 375 key proteins in 20+ signaling pathways only the Applications in different disease areas highest- Screening Libraries grade MCE Compound Screening Libraries consist of 10,000+ small molecules with products! validated biological and pharmacological activities Quality Our robust quality control methods assure product high quality and purity.
    [Show full text]