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God's Identity According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars

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God's Identity According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars God’s Identity According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars Tyche of Antioch, Vatican Inv 2672 By Larry and June Acheson God’s Identity According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars By Larry and June Acheson Originally published under the title Do We Honor Yahweh By Referring to Him as “Our God”? The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance … it is the illusion of knowledge. -- Daniel J. Boorstein First printing, July 4, 2001 Revised September 17, 2005 Revised January 2010 Our web site: www.ponderscripture.org Contact us: [email protected] Cover photo: Statue of Tyche of Antioch Tyche, Greek goddess of fortune, is considered to be the Greek equivalent of the Canaanite idol named Gad. This statue is actually a smaller copy of the original, which was the work of Eutychides of Sicyon. Eutychides of Sicyon was a Greek sculptor of the latter part of the 4th century BCE. His most noted work was a statue of Fortune (Tyche), which he made for the city of Antioch, then newly founded. The goddess, who embodied the idea of the city, was seated on a rock, crowned with towers, and having the river Orontes at her feet. The replica of Eutychides’ original statue resides in the Vatican. If you would like more information about this statue, please visit the following website: http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Bios/EutychidesOfSicyon.html. If you would like to know how Tyche is important in identifying who God really is, we suggest reading our chapter titled “If You Won’t Believe Us, Would You At Least Believe Ancient Hebrew Scholars?” Preface: Answering Our Critics vi Introduction: Like the Plot for a Thriller Movie, Very Few Can See the Truth x Part I: Does the "Paganizing" of Yahweh’s Titles Give Us a License To Appropriate Already- 13 Corrupt Titles to Him? Chapter 1: The Masking of Yahweh’s Name and the Masking of the Name “God” 13 Chapter 2: The Separation Created by Rejecting the Name "God": Deliberate Separation or a Quest for Truth? 17 Chapter 3: A New Teaching Emerges ... Or is it an Old One Resurfacing? 18 Chapter 4: Introduction to God 21 Chapter 5: Did Yahweh Refer to Himself as a "Baal"? 23 Chapter 6: Clearing Up Two Misunderstandings 29 A. Should Titles Be Translated? 29 B. If We Reject the Heathen “God,” Must We Reject Every “Unclean” Word? 32 Part II: Ten Objections Answered 35 Objection #1: Is God Connected to God? 35 Chapter 1: “I know Yahweh detests God, but Yahweh is my God!” 35 Objection #2: Is “God” an Inspired Title? 38 Chapter 1: Did Yahweh Inspire the Germanic Title Gott at Babel? 38 Chapter 2: The Etymology of GOD: A “Gheuy” Mess! 40 Chapter 3: What if Yahweh Had Not Spoken Against "God"? 43 Chapter 4: 50% Pure, 50% Rotten? 44 Chapter 5: Should We Be Like All the Other Heathen Nations? 45 Objection #3: Should a Culture Redefine a Word Borrowed From Another Language? 47 Chapter 1: Is There Such a Thing as a “Sinful Sound”? 47 Chapter 2: Points to Ponder About the Linguistic Incorporation and Redefinition of Words 52 Chapter 3: Whose “Intention” Really Matters, Anyway? 53 Chapter 4: Verbalizing GOD = Making GOD a Title? 56 Chapter 5: Whose “Culture” Matters Most: Man’s or Yahweh’s? 60 Chapter 6: How Did “God” become a “Culturally Acceptable” Title? 62 Chapter 7: What Makes a Word Unclean? 65 Objection #4: “If ‘God’ is Such a Bad Title, Then Why did Leah Give That Name to Jacob’s Son?” 71 Chapter 1: Religion in Laban’s Household 71 Chapter 2: If Jacob changed Ben-oni’s name to Benjamin, Why Didn’t He Change Gad’s Name, Too? 76 Chapter 3: Changing Names: What Was the Purpose? 78 Chapter 4: The Righteousness of Jacob 81 God’s Identity – According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars iv Table of Contents Chapter 5: Jacob’s Blessing 87 Chapter 6: If You Won’t Believe Us, Would You At Least Believe Ancient Hebrew Scholars? 96 A. The Hebrew Scholars Who Translated the Septuagint Recognized “Gad” as the Idol of Fortune 96 B. Gad’s True Identity is Revealed in the Septuagint Text of Isaiah 65:11 104 Objection #5: “But the Name ‘God’ Will be Inscribed on 104 One of the Twelve Gates of the New Jerusalem!” Chapter 1: Were Any of the 12 Tribes’ Namesakes Worthy of Having Their Names Attributed to Yahweh as a Title? 110 Chapter 2: Why Wasn’t Apollos’ Name Changed? 113 Objection #6: “If the Greeks Referred to Yahweh as Their ‘Theos,’ 115 Then Why Can’t We Refer to Him as ‘our God’?” Chapter 1: Was There Ever an Idol Named Theos? 115 Objection #7: Does Scripture Endorse the Application of Heathen Epithets to Yahweh? 118 Chapter 1: “I Just Can’t See How It Dishonors Him ….” 118 Chapter 2: If Yahweh Endorses Being Referred to With Heathen Epithets, Where Do We Draw the Line? 121 Chapter 3: The Challenge Reworded 126 Chapter 4: ¡Yahweh no es mi Dios! 130 Chapter 5: Is your heart in the right place? 132 Objection #8: “Yahwists are Inconsistent with their own premises and principles!” 133 Chapter 1: Can We Reasonably Reject “God” While Embracing “Elohim” and “Adonai”? 133 A. “If you reject the title ‘God’ because it’s been used to replace the Father’s name, then you’ve gotta replace ‘Elohim,’ too!” 133 B. “If you’re gonna reject ‘God’ because it was the name of a false deity, then you’re gonna have to reject “El,” and “Adonai,” too! 134 They were also the names given to idols!” Chapter 2: How far can we trust scholarly resources? 139 Chapter 3: Should We Always Base Evaluations On One Set of Criteria? 141 Chapter 4: Is GOD “Clean”? Was GOD “Clean”? 143 Chapter 5: Can We Honorably Refer to Yahweh With an Originally Pure Title That Was Later Corrupted? 147 Chapter 6: Yahweh “our God” ... Yahweh “our Nehushtan”? 149 Objection #9: Redefining God: “The grandeur of mightiness”? 151 Chapter 1: Does “Gad” Mean “The Ability to Deliver”? 151 Chapter 2: “Cause and Effect Defining” of Words: Forcing Definitions? 154 Chapter 3: A “Cutting” Definition of God 156 God’s Identity – According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars Table of Contents v Chapter 4: Can We Trust the Conclusions of Etymologists? 157 Chapter 5: Hebrew - English Homonyms 160 Chapter 6: More Etymological Confusion: A Silly Look at Gay Villains 162 Objection #10: Mentioning the Names of Other Elohim: What Does it Mean? 164 What Does it Not Mean? Chapter 1: Does the Spirit of the Law Always Require a Literal Application? 164 Chapter 2: Does “Not Mention” Really Mean “Not Invoke”? 168 Chapter 3: The True Meaning of “Zakar” 172 Chapter 4: The Names of Baalim 175 Chapter 5: Calling Yahweh “our God”: What is the Motive? 178 PART III. The Etymology of Gad: Tracing God From Ancient Heathen Worship 181 to Modern Worldwide Acceptance Chapter 1: The “Theophoric” Connection 181 Chapter 2: Ulterior Etymology of GOD Traced to Hebrew Root 183 Chapter 3: The Gad/Fortune Connection Found Within the Russian Culture 185 How to Say, “You are evil” in Russian 187 Chapter 4: The Gad/God Connection to Ancient Serpentine Worship in Ireland 189 J.G.R. Forlong Defends His Zeal for Phonetic Pronunciations of Names 193 From Gad-El-glas to Gáedal Glas 196 Citing J. G. R. Forlong’s Source of Information 197 Confusing the Issue With the Translation "God-God-Green" 198 Putting It All Together 201 Conclusion and Parting Comments 203 God’s Identity – According to Ancient Hebrew Scholars Preface: Answering Our Critics ack in April 1997, when a friend sent us a copy of an article whose primary aim was to defend the validity (and honor) of referring to Yahweh as B “God,” I dismissed it as a whimsical paper authored by zealous, but misinformed believers. Persuaded that none of our fellow Yahwist acquaintances would put any stock in what I still regard as the weak arguments that it contains, I tucked it away in a file just in case it might come in handy someday as a possible reference. That “someday” came three years later, when I found, to my surprise, that many fellow Yahwists had accepted and embraced the conclusion drawn by the authors of the study. This shocking discovery came about while I was engaged in one of those group e-mail Bible discussions where you hit “Reply to all” and copy about thirty or so separate e-mail recipients in one fell click. Of course, as my experience has often been over the years, during the course of such controversial Bible discussions, about a tenth of the recipients end up replying, “Unsubscribe!” but I digress. I’ll spare you the details of that group discussion, at least for now, since I delve into those This is the article that led to our decision to compose this study. specifics later in this study. Suffice it to say that a rather instense and at times heated discussion ensued, but uncharacteristic of this type of dialogue, some participants actually changed their minds and, in our estimation, they did so for the right reasons. If you are truly intent on honoring our Heavenly Father and are not one of those whose response would be, “Unsubscribe!” then this detailed study is for you. Over the years, I have found myself in two or three other rather intense group discussions pertaining to this same issue. I have noticed that a common thread connecting those who are unpersuaded that our Heavenly Father is dishonored by being referred to as “God” can be traced to the name that Leah gave to Zilpah’s son in Genesis 30:11.
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