DOCSLIB.ORG

Pilot Study Evaluating the Efficacy of a Topical Formulation Containing Emodepside and Praziquantel in the Treatment of Natural

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pilot Study Evaluating the Efficacy of a Topical Formulation Containing Emodepside and Praziquantel in the Treatment of Natural Traversa et al. Parasites Vectors (2019) 12:97 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3361-7 Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access Pilot study evaluating the efcacy of a topical formulation containing emodepside and praziquantel in the treatment of natural feline troglostrongylosis Donato Traversa1, Fabrizia Veronesi2, Patrizia Danesi3, Simone Morelli1, Paolo E. Crisi1, Giulia Morganti2, Rafaella Iorio1, Fabrizio Pampurini4, Roland Schaper5, Azzurra Santoro2, Barbara Paoletti1 and Angela Di Cesare1* Abstract Background: Troglostrongylus brevior, a lungworm usually afecting wild felids, has been recently recorded in a number of cases in domestic cats, mainly in Mediterranean areas. Although feline troglostrongylosis is a severe and life-threatening disease, especially in young cats, treatment options are very limited. The present study evaluated the efcacy and safety of a spot-on formulation containing emodepside 2.1% and praziquantel 8.6% (Profender ®, Bayer), which is licensed for treatment of the more common cat lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, for the treatment of natural troglostrongylosis. Methods: Sixteen cats enrolled in the study were 1:1 allocated to two groups, i.e. Group T, treated with Profender ® spot-on on days 0 and 14 ( 2) at the recommended clinical dose, and Group C which remained untreated. After ± study completion, the control cats received two rescue treatments with Profender® on days 28 ( 2) and 42 ( 2). The primary efcacy criterion was the absence of T. brevior L1 following treatment. Other efcacy parameters± were± the quantitative comparison of L1 presence before (baseline) and after treatment in both groups, and the comparison of clinical signs pre- and post-treatment. Results: In terms of stopping larval shedding, Profender® showed an efcacy of 97% and 97.5% (arithmetic and geometric means, respectively) for group T, 97.1% and 98.5% for group C after one administration, and 100% for both groups after two doses. Overall, 12 cats showed clinical signs related to T. brevior. Specifcally, 9 were clinically afected before treatment while clinical signs appeared after the frst treatment in 3 cats. At the end of the study, all symp- tomatic cats fully recovered with the exception of 3 cats that showed clinical signs similar to those observed at the pre-treatment examination at the end of the study. Conclusions: This study shows that Profender® is efective against T. brevior. Keywords: Troglostrongylus brevior, Cat, Emodepside, Treatment *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creat iveco mmons .org/ publi cdoma in/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Traversa et al. Parasites Vectors (2019) 12:97 Page 2 of 6 Background of feline troglostrongylosis in a case series of naturally Feline troglostrongylosis is an emerging gastropod- infected animals. borne disease caused by the metastrongyloid lungworm Troglostrongylus brevior [1]. Tis parasite usually afects Methods wild felids but recently several cases of infection in Te study was a blinded, randomized, negative-con- domestic cats have been described [2]. Adult stages live trolled feld trial carried out at three sites located in in bronchi and bronchioles and, after mating, females endemic areas of the Umbria (Site A) and Abruzzo (Sites produce eggs that hatch releasing frst-stage larvae (L1), B and C) regions of central Italy. which migrate to the pharynx, where they are swallowed and then shed in feces [1, 3–5]. Te life-cycle of T. brev- Pre‑inclusion screening ior is similar to that of the globally distributed and well- Privately owned cats were enrolled upon informed con- known cat lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and sent signed by the owner. Individual fecal samples from cats become infected by ingesting third-stage larvae (L3) 165 cats, i.e. 85, 54 and 26 from sites A, B and C, respec- in intermediate hosts, i.e. slugs and snails, or paratenic tively, were collected and tested using the Baermann hosts, i.e. rodents, amphibians, birds and reptiles [3, 4]. migration method for the presence of T. brevior L1 on Additionally, a vertical route of transmission has been days -30/-7. Larvae were identifed as T. brevior (Fig. 1) described [6–9]. Although it is not defnitively proven according to morphometric and morphological features how T. brevior is vertically transmitted, it is likely that the [4, 5] and their identity was genetically confrmed using infection takes place in the frst days after birth, likely via species-specifc PCR [7]. A total of 16 (9.7%) positive the colostrum or milk [8]. cats, 9 (10.6%), 5 (9.3%) and 2 (7.7%) from sites A, B and Tus far, feline troglostrongylosis has been mainly C, respectively, were included in the study according to recorded in geographical areas where the natural host, inclusion/exclusion criteria. i.e. the European wildcat, is present, e.g. Italy, Spain, Greece, Bulgaria [2, 9, 10]. Te clinical picture in cats Inclusion and exclusion criteria infected with T. brevior is characterized by respiratory Cats were enrolled in the study according to the inclu- distress (i.e. cough, dyspnea, polypnea, nasal discharge, sion/exclusion criteria as follows. Inclusion criteria: (i) irreversible pulmonary hypertension), and non-respira- cats in good general health for which the owner signed tory signs (i.e. anorexia, dehydration, poor general con- the owner consent form; (ii) copromicroscopic detection dition, depression) [4, 9, 11, 12]. Te severity of clinical of L1 of T. brevior in at least one Baermann examina- signs is greater in younger cats and, especially in animals tion performed between days -30 and -7, whose identity only a few weeks- or months-old, the infection is life- has been confrmed by PCR. Exclusion criteria: (i) cats threatening [2, 4, 7, 8, 13]. treated with a macrocyclic lactone or other anthelmintics Despite the major pathogenic role of T. brevior, very with a systemic biodistribution within 2 months before few therapeutic options are available. Tus far, the only the study; (ii) cats afected by concomitant parasitic res- licensed product is a spot-on formulation containing piratory infections; (iii) cats less than 8 weeks-old; (iv) eprinomectin 0.4% in combination with fpronil 8.3%, cats weighing less than 0.5 kg; (v) pregnant or lactating (S)-methoprene 10% and praziquantel 8.3% (Broadline®, Merial-Boehringer Ingelheim). In feld conditions this product has shown an efcacy of up to 100% [10, 14], but it should be taken into account that, when specifed by the SPC (summary of product characteristics) it is exclu- sively indicated when cestodes, nematodes and ectopara- sites are to be targeted at the same time. Te spot-on formulation containing emodepside 2.1% and praziquantel 8.6% (Profender®, Bayer) is efcacious for treating natural [15] and experimental [16] infec- tions caused by the cat lungworm A. abstrusus, and it has recently been labelled for this purpose in the Euro- pean Union. Furthermore, its efcacy against T. brevior showed to be promising in individual clinical cases, even in mixed infections caused by other respiratory nema- todes [8, 12, 13]. Te present pilot study has evaluated for the frst time the efcacy of Profender® in the treatment Fig. 1 First-stage larva of Troglostrongylus brevior Traversa et al. Parasites Vectors (2019) 12:97 Page 3 of 6 cats; (vi) animals with severe clinical signs of troglostron- where Mean LPG was calculated as arithmetic and gylosis or sufering from other health conditions. geometric means. All 16 cats fulflled the inclusion criteria and on days (ii) Comparison of qualitative and quantitative pres- -7/0 were clinically and copromicroscopically examined ence of L1 before (baseline) and after the rescue with a quantitative Baermann test to assess values of T. treatment in Group C, according to the above for- brevior larvae per gram of feces (LPG). mula. (iii) Post-treatment clinical evaluation of clinically Treatment and post‑treatment evaluation afected cats within Groups T and C, compared On day 0 each cat underwent a clinical examination, was with pre-treatment clinical evaluations. weighed and randomly assigned to the treatment (T) or to the control (C) Group. Cats of Group T (n = 8 cats) were treated with Profender ® spot-on on days 0 and 14 Results ® (± 2) at the recommended clinical dose, while cats of All cats included in the efcacy evaluation of Profender Group C remained untreated and, after study comple- completed the study according to protocol and none of tion, received two rescue treatments on days 28 (± 2) and them showed any adverse event. 42 (± 2). Larval counts were again performed post-treatment on Efcacy Qualitative efcacy days 14 (± 2) and 28 (± 2) for Group T and on days 42 (± 2) and 56 (± 2) for Group C. On day 0 and the same Overall, 7 out of 8 cats from both Groups T and C day of each copromicroscopic test all cats underwent a (87.5%) were negative in the Baermann examination on physical examination to evaluate the presence of clinical days 14 (± 2) and 42 (± 2) after a single administration of signs associated with troglostrongylosis. Te cats were Profender®, respectively. also observed daily by their owners for the entire period Te second administration of the drugs guaranteed of the study. cessation of larval excretion in the remaining two cats (100%), i.e.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Intermediate Gastropod Hosts of Major Feline Cardiopulmonary Nematodes in an Area of Wildcat and Domestic Cat Sympatry in Greece
    Dimzas et al. Parasites Vectors (2020) 13:345 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04213-z Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access Intermediate gastropod hosts of major feline cardiopulmonary nematodes in an area of wildcat and domestic cat sympatry in Greece Dimitris Dimzas1, Simone Morelli2, Donato Traversa2, Angela Di Cesare2, Yoo Ree Van Bourgonie3, Karin Breugelmans3, Thierry Backeljau3,4, Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono5 and Anastasia Diakou1* Abstract Background: The metastrongyloid nematodes Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Angiostrongy- lus chabaudi are cardiopulmonary parasites afecting domestic cats (Felis catus) and wildcats (Felis silvestris). Although knowledge on these nematodes has been improved in the past years, gaps in our knowledge of their distribution and role of gastropods as intermediate hosts in Europe still exist. This study reports on the presence of these nematodes and their intermediate hosts in an area in Greece where domestic cats and wildcats occur in sympatry. Methods: Terrestrial gastropods were collected in the feld and identifed morphologically and by mitochondrial DNA-sequence analysis. Metastrongyloid larvae were detected by artifcial digestion, morphologically identifed to the species and stage level and their identity was molecularly confrmed. Results: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus was found in the snails Massylaea vermiculata and Helix lucorum, T. brevior in the slug Tandonia sp., and A. chabaudi in the slug Limax sp. and the snails H. lucorum and M. vermiculata. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge this study provides the frst reports of (i) terrestrial gastropods being naturally infected with A. chabaudi, (ii) T. brevior naturally infecting terrestrial gastropods in Europe, and (iii) A. abstrusus naturally infecting terrestrial gastropods in Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • Troglostrongylus Brevior: a New Parasite for Romania Georgiana Deak*, Angela Monica Ionică, Andrei Daniel Mihalca and Călin Mircea Gherman
    Deak et al. Parasites & Vectors (2017) 10:599 DOI 10.1186/s13071-017-2551-4 SHORT REPORT Open Access Troglostrongylus brevior: a new parasite for Romania Georgiana Deak*, Angela Monica Ionică, Andrei Daniel Mihalca and Călin Mircea Gherman Abstract Background: The genus Troglostrongylus includes nematodes infecting domestic and wild felids. Troglostrongylus brevior was described six decades ago in Palestine and subsequently reported in some European countries (Italy, Spain, Greece, Bulgaria, and Bosnia and Herzegovina). As the diagnosis by the first-stage larvae (L1) may be challenging, there is a possibility of confusion with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Hence, the knowledge on the distribution of this neglected feline parasite is still scarce. The present paper reports the first case of T. brevior infection in Romania. In July 2017, a road-killed juvenile male Felis silvestris, was found in in Covasna County, Romania. A full necropsy was performed and the nematodes were collected from the trachea and bronchioles. Parasites were sexed and identified to species level, based on morphometrical features. A classical Baermann method was performed on the lungs and the faeces to collect the metastrongyloid larvae. Genomic DNA was extracted from an adult female nematode. Molecular identification was accomplished with a PCR assay targeting the ITS2 of the rRNA gene. Results: Two males and one female nematodes were found in the trachea and bronchioles. They were morphologically and molecularly identified as T. brevior. The first-stage larvae (L1) recovered from the lung tissue and faeces were morphologically consistent with those of T. brevior. No other pulmonary nematodes were identified and no gross pulmonary lesions were observed.
    [Show full text]
  • Cardio-Pulmonary Parasitic Nematodes Affecting Cats in Europe: Unraveling the Past, Depicting the Present, and Predicting the Future
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE REVIEW ARTICLE published: 09provided October by 2014 Frontiers - Publisher Connector VETERINARY SCIENCE doi: 10.3389/fvets.2014.00011 Cardio-pulmonary parasitic nematodes affecting cats in Europe: unraveling the past, depicting the present, and predicting the future DonatoTraversa* and Angela Di Cesare Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo,Teramo, Italy Edited by: Various cardio-pulmonary parasitic nematodes infecting cats have recently been fascinating Damer Blake, Royal Veterinary and stimulating the attention of the Academia, pharmaceutical companies, and veterinary College, UK practitioners. This is the case of the metastrongyloids: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Reviewed by: Matthew John Nolan, Royal Veterinary Troglostrongylus brevior, the trichuroid: Capillaria aerophila (syn. Eucoleus aerophilus), and College, UK the filarioid: Dirofilaria immitis. Apparently, these parasites have been emerging in sev- Mark Fox, Royal Veterinary College, eral European countries, thus, gaining an important role in feline parasitology and clinical UK practice. Under a practical standpoint, a sound knowledge of the biological, epidemiolog- *Correspondence: ical, and clinical impact of cardio-respiratory parasitoses affecting cats, in addition to a Donato Traversa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, potential risk of introduction, establishment, and spreading of “new” parasites in Europe Piazza Aldo Moro 45, Teramo 64100, is mandatory in order to understand the present and future impact for feline medicine and Italy to address new strategies of control and treatment.The purpose of the present article is to e-mail: [email protected] review the current knowledge of heartworm and lungworm infections in cats, discussing and comparing past and present issues, and predicting possible future scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • Lynx Rufus) in Illinois and a Comparison of Its Helminth Component Communities Across the American Midwest Shelby J Hiestand
    Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Publications Department of Zoology 2-2014 Epizootic and Zoonotic Helminths of the Bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Illinois and a Comparison of Its Helminth Component Communities across the American Midwest Shelby J Hiestand Clayton K Nielsen F Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/zool_pubs Published in Parasite, Vol. 21 No. 4 (2014) at DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2014005 Recommended Citation Hiestand, Shelby J, Nielsen, Clayton K and Jimenez-Ruiz, F A. "Epizootic and Zoonotic Helminths of the Bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Illinois and a Comparison of Its Helminth Component Communities across the American Midwest." 21 (Feb 2014). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Zoology at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Parasite 2014, 21,4 Ó S.J. Hiestand et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2014 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2014005 Available online at: www.parasite-journal.org RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Epizootic and zoonotic helminths of the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Illinois and a comparison of its helminth component communities across the American Midwest Shelby J. Hiestand1,2, Clayton K. Nielsen2,3, and F. Agustı´n Jime´nez1,* 1 Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901-6501, USA 2 Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA 3 Department of Forestry and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901-4619, USA Received 22 October 2013, Accepted 3 February 2014, Published online 14 February 2014 Abstract – A total of 6257 helminths of 19 taxa were recovered from the digestive tract and lungs of 67 bobcats in Illinois.
    [Show full text]
  • Strongylida: Crenosomatidae
    Brianti et al. Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:178 http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/5/1/178 RESEARCH Open Access Troglostrongylus brevior and Troglostrongylus subcrenatus (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae) as agents of broncho-pulmonary infestation in domestic cats Emanuele Brianti1*, Gabriella Gaglio1, Salvatore Giannetto1, Giada Annoscia2, Maria Stefania Latrofa2, Filipe Dantas-Torres2,3, Donato Traversa4 and Domenico Otranto2 Abstract Background: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is currently regarded as the main metastrongyloid infesting domestic cats, whereas the reports of Troglostrongylus spp. in domestic and wild felids largely remain anecdotic. This paper reports on pulmonary infestation caused by Troglostrongylus brevior and Troglostrongylus subcrenatus in two kittens and describes, for the first time, associated clinical presentations and pathological features. Morphometrical, molecular and phylogenetic analyses have also been conducted to differentiate here the examined Troglostrongylus species from A. abstrusus, towards a clearer delineation of metastrongyloids affecting cats. Methods: Two kittens were referred for respiratory distress and hospitalized with a diagnosis of severe aelurostrongylosis, based on the presence of metastrongyloid larvae in the faeces. Despite prompt treatment, kittens died within 48 hours. Both kittens were submitted to necropsy to determine the cause of death. Results: At necropsy, nematode specimens were found in the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles and were associated with respiratory signs (i.e., dyspnoea, polypnea, severe coughing and nasal discharge). Morphology and measurements of adult parasites found allowed the unequivocal identification of T. brevior and T. subcrenatus, even if first stage larvae were rather similar to those of A. abstrusus. Briefly, T. brevior and T. subcrenatus larvae were shorter in length and lacking the typical knob-like terminal end of A.
    [Show full text]
  • Instituto De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Animal Leonardo Tresoldi Gonçalves Dna Barcoding Em Nematoda
    INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA ANIMAL LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS PORTO ALEGRE 2019 LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Animal. Área de concentração: Biologia Comparada Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Cláudia Calegaro-Marques Coorientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Maríndia Deprá PORTO ALEGRE 2019 LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS Aprovada em ____ de _________________ de 2019. BANCA EXAMINADORA ____________________________________________________ Dr.ª Eliane Fraga da Silveira (ULBRA) ____________________________________________________ Dr. Filipe Michels Bianchi (UFRGS) ____________________________________________________ Dr.ª Juliana Cordeiro (UFPel) i AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a todos que, de uma forma ou de outra, estiveram comigo durante a trajetória deste mestrado. Este trabalho também é de vocês. Às minhas orientadoras, Cláudia Calegaro-Marques e Maríndia Deprá, por confiarem no meu trabalho, por fortalecerem minha autonomia, pelos conselhos e por todo o incentivo. Obrigado por aceitarem fazer parte desta jornada. À professora Suzana Amato, que ainda na minha graduação abriu as portas de seu laboratório e fez com que eu me interessasse pelos nematoides (e outros helmintos). Agradeço também pelas sugestões enquanto banca de acompanhamento deste mestrado. Ao Filipe Bianchi, por todo auxílio (principalmente na parte de bancada), pelas trocas de ideias sempre frutíferas e por aceitar fazer parte das bancas de acompanhamento e examinadora.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of the Metastrongyloidea (Nematoda: Strongylida) Inferred from Ribosomal Rna Gene Sequences
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 2003 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE METASTRONGYLOIDEA (NEMATODA: STRONGYLIDA) INFERRED FROM RIBOSOMAL RNA GENE SEQUENCES Ramon A. Carreno Ohio Wesleyan University Steven A. Nadler University of California - Davis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Carreno, Ramon A. and Nadler, Steven A., "PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE METASTRONGYLOIDEA (NEMATODA: STRONGYLIDA) INFERRED FROM RIBOSOMAL RNA GENE SEQUENCES" (2003). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 710. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/710 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Carreno & Nadler in Journal of Parasitology (2003) 89(5). Copyright 2003, American Society of Parasitologists. Used by permission. J. Parasitol., 89(5), 2003, pp. 965±973 q American Society of Parasitologists 2003 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE METASTRONGYLOIDEA (NEMATODA: STRONGYLIDA) INFERRED FROM RIBOSOMAL RNA GENE SEQUENCES Ramon A. Carreno* and Steven A. Nadler Department of Nematology, University of California±Davis, Davis, California 95616. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Phylogenetic relationships among nematodes of the strongylid superfamily Metastrongyloidea were analyzed using partial sequences from the large-subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA) and small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) genes. Regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were ampli®ed by polymerase chain reaction, directly sequenced, aligned, and phylogenies inferred using maximum parsimony.
    [Show full text]
  • Pathogistological Changes in the Lungs of Felis Silvestris Catus When Infected with Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus
    Науковий вісник ЛНУВМБ імені С.З. Ґжицького. Серія: Ветеринарні науки, 2020, т 22, № 97 Науковий вісник Львівського національного університету ветеринарної медицини та біотехнологій імені С.З. Ґжицького. Серія: Ветеринарні науки Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary sciences ISSN 2518–7554 print doi: 10.32718/nvlvet9727 ISSN 2518–1327 online https://nvlvet.com.ua/index.php/journal UDC 619:616.98:619:616-076:636.8 Pathogistological changes in the lungs of Felis silvestris catus when infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus O. М. Shchebentovska, M. V. Holubtsova Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Ukraine Article info Shchebentovska, O. М., & Holubtsova, M. V. (2020). Pathogistological changes in the lungs of Received 20.02.2020 Felis silvestris catus when infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Scientific Messenger of Lviv Received in revised form National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary sciences, 23.03.2020 22(97), 169–174. doi: 10.32718/nvlvet9727 Accepted 24.03.2020 Stepan Gzhytskyi National Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is a parasite that belongs to Nematoda type, Metastrongyloidea superfami- University of Veterinary ly, Angiostrongylidae family, Aelurostrongylus genus and is known as feline helminth, whose intermediate Medicine and Biotechnologies hosts are slugs and snails and reservoir hosts are mice and birds. In cats, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus para- Lviv, Pekarska St., 50, Lviv, sitizes in bronchioles and alveoli, causing specific inflammatory changes in the lower respiratory tract and 79010, Ukraine enables the development of such clinical signs as cough, shortness of breath as well as mucous-purulent Tel.: +38-067-701-81-46 E-mail: [email protected] discharge from the nasal cavity, when complicated by bacterial infections.
    [Show full text]
  • Endoparasites of Household and Shelter Cats in the City of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
    Original Article ISSN 1984-2961 (Electronic) www.cbpv.org.br/rbpv Endoparasites of household and shelter cats in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Endoparasitos de gatos domiciliados e de abrigos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Nilcéia de Veiga Ramos1* ; Monique Lourenço e Silva1; Marília Senra Barreto2; Luciano Antunes Barros2; Flavya Mendes-de-Almeida1 1Departamento de Clínica e Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil 2Departamento de Saúde Coletiva e Saúde Pública Veterinária – MSV, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil How to cite: Ramos NV, Lourenço e Silva M, Barreto MS, Barros LA, Mendes-de-Almeida F. Endoparasites of household and shelter cats in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Braz J Vet Parasitol 2020; 29(1): e012819. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612019110. Abstract Endoparasitic infections are associated with morbidity in cats. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of endoparasites among cats of different life stages in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The samples were analyzed individually by macroscopic exploration for proglottids and centrifugal-flotation. Stool samples were obtained from household cats (n = 57) and shelter cats (n = 336). Endoparasites were detected in 50.64% of the samples. Among household and shelter cats, 21.05% and 55.66% were infected with endoparasites, respectively. In household cats, the most prevalent endoparasites were Ancylostoma spp. (in 25.0%) and Strongyloides spp. (in 25.0%), followed by Toxocara spp. (in 16.67%), Dipylidium caninum (in 16.67%), Cystoisospora spp. (in 8.33%), and Uncinaria spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Updates on Feline Aelurostrongylosis and Research Priorities for the Next Decade Hany M
    Elsheikha et al. Parasites & Vectors (2016) 9:389 DOI 10.1186/s13071-016-1671-6 REVIEW Open Access Updates on feline aelurostrongylosis and research priorities for the next decade Hany M. Elsheikha1*, Manuela Schnyder2, Donato Traversa3, Angela Di Cesare3, Ian Wright4 and David W. Lacher5 Abstract Feline aelurostrongylosis, caused by the metastrongyloid nematode Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, is an important gastropod-borne parasitic lung disease in cats. Infection with A. abstrusus is widespread globally, but the increasing awareness of this parasite and the advent of more sensitive diagnostics have contributed to the apparent increase in its prevalence and geographic expansion. Clinical features may range in severity from subclinical to life-threatening respiratory disease. Parasitological standard techniques, such as visualization of the nematode first larval stage in faecal and respiratory (bronchial mucus or pleural fluid) samples, remain the mainstays of diagnosis. However, diagnosis is evolving with recent advances in serological and molecular testing, which can improve the time to initiation of effective anthelmintic therapy. Despite numerous anthelmintics that are now available as treatment options, the role of host immunity and lifestyle factors in selecting cats that may benefit from more targeted anthelmintic prophylaxis or treatment practice remains unclear and is likely to guide therapeutic choices as newer data become available. This review summarizes the biology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment options currently available for feline aelurostrongylosis. Keywords: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Aelurostrongylosis, Cat, Lungworm Background diagnosis, recorded prevalence in cats varies widely from Feline aelurostrongylosis is an important respiratory dis- 1.2 % in owned cats [7] to 50 % in free roaming cats [8]. ease affecting domestic cats worldwide [1–3].
    [Show full text]
  • Lynx Species Assessment (PDF)
    Canada Lynx Assessment Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife Research and Assessment Section Bangor, ME 04401 Jennifer Vashon, Scott McLellan, Shannon Crowley, Amy Meehan and Ken Laustsen1 July 2012 1Maine Forest Service , Augusta, Maine MDIFW Canada Lynx Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 8 NATURAL HISTORY....................................................................................................... 9 Description............................................................................................................ 9 Distribution.......................................................................................................... 10 Food Habits ........................................................................................................ 11 Population Cycles............................................................................................... 13 Population Densities........................................................................................... 14 Habitat Use......................................................................................................... 15 Home Range ...................................................................................................... 16 Reproduction and Reproductive Behavior .......................................................... 17 Mortality.............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mammomonogamus Nematodes in Felid Carnivores: a Minireview and the First Cambridge.Org/Par Molecular Characterization
    Parasitology Mammomonogamus nematodes in felid carnivores: a minireview and the first cambridge.org/par molecular characterization Č 1 2,3 4,5 6 Research Article Barbora ervená , Kristýna Hrazdilová , Peter Vallo , Jennifer Ketzis , Pompei Bolfa6, Edgar Tudor7, Estevam G. Lux-Hoppe8, Caroline Blanvillain9 Cite this article: Červená B, Hrazdilová K, 1,2,10 Vallo P, Ketzis J, Bolfa P, Tudor E, Lux-Hoppe and David Modrý EG, Blanvillain C, Modrý D (2018). Mammomonogamus nematodes in felid 1Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and carnivores: a minireview and the first Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Central European Institute for molecular characterization. Parasitology 145, Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, 1959–1968. https://doi.org/10.1017/ Czech Republic; 3Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech S0031182018000768 Republic; 4Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic; 5 Received: 14 September 2017 Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Revised: 12 April 2018 Germany; 6Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Accepted: 12 April 2018 Basseterre, Saint Kitts, West Indies; 7Animal Island Paradise Hospital, Saipan, Northern Mariana
    [Show full text]