Das Turiner Grabtuch. Faszination Und Provokation Eines Außergewöhnlichen Gegenstandes

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Das Turiner Grabtuch. Faszination Und Provokation Eines Außergewöhnlichen Gegenstandes Das Turiner Grabtuch. Faszination und Provokation eines außergewöhnlichen Gegenstandes. MASTERARBEIT zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades „Master of Arts“(M.A.) an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz eingereicht von Maria Stefania Gabrielli bei Univ.-Prof. Dr. Bernhard Körner Institut für Dogmatik an der Kath.-Theol. Fakultät der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz Graz 2016 Inhalt Vorwort ....................................................................................................................................................5 Einleitung: Zwischen Geschichte, Glaube und Vernunft .........................................................................8 1 Fakten und Legenden eines Rätsels ...............................................................................................12 1.1 Die offizielle Geschichte ........................................................................................................12 1.1.1 Die ersten Spuren .......................................................................................................... 12 1.1.2 Im Haus Savoyen .......................................................................................................... 13 1.1.3 Eine neue Heimat in Turin ............................................................................................ 16 1.1.4 Secondo Pia ................................................................................................................... 18 1.1.5 Die Offenbarung der Fotografie .................................................................................... 20 1.1.6 Die Bestätigung von Enrie ............................................................................................ 22 1.2 Das Grabtuch und die Wissenschaft .......................................................................................24 1.2.1 Der Abdruck eines Mannes ........................................................................................... 25 1.2.2 Das Zeugnis der Pollen ................................................................................................. 28 1.2.3 Das Jahr 1978 und das STURP ..................................................................................... 29 1.2.4 Die Natur des Abbildes ................................................................................................. 31 1.2.5 Über die Entstehung des Abbildes ................................................................................ 32 2 Eine geheimnisvolle Vergangenheit ...............................................................................................34 2.1 Zurück zu den Anfängen ........................................................................................................34 2.1.1 Die ersten Jahrhunderte ................................................................................................. 34 2.1.2 In der Stadt Edessa ........................................................................................................ 37 2.1.3 Abgar: Eine berühmte Legende ..................................................................................... 38 2.1.4 Das Mandylion von Konstantinopel .............................................................................. 40 3 Die geistige Erfahrung ...................................................................................................................44 3.1 Mehr als ein archäologischer Fund ........................................................................................44 3.2 In den dunklen Jahrhunderten ................................................................................................46 3.3 Frankreich und das Haus Savoyen .........................................................................................50 3.4 Die Devotionen des Mittelalters .............................................................................................53 3.5 Durch die Barockzeit und den Illuminismus ..........................................................................56 3.6 Nach Secondo Pia...................................................................................................................59 3.7 Die Päpste und das Grabtuch .................................................................................................62 3.8 Retter des Grabtuches .............................................................................................................64 3.9 Forscher und Wissenschaftler über ihre Erfahrung ................................................................65 4 Die Position der Kirche ..................................................................................................................69 4.1 Eine endlose Kontroverse .......................................................................................................69 4.2 Das Problem der Authentizität ...............................................................................................70 2 4.2.1 Das Zeugnis der Evangelien .......................................................................................... 70 4.2.2 Indizien aus der Welt der Kunst .................................................................................... 72 4.2.3 Grabtuch und Mandylion? ............................................................................................. 73 4.2.4 Anatomische Beweise ................................................................................................... 74 4.2.5 Buchstaben um das Gesicht ........................................................................................... 74 4.2.6 Eine probabilistische Berechnung ................................................................................. 76 4.3 Kirchliche Stellungsnahmen ..................................................................................................77 4.3.1 Wissenschaft und Wunder ............................................................................................. 78 4.3.2 Ikone oder Reliquie? ..................................................................................................... 81 4.3.3 Die Herausforderung der Datierung .............................................................................. 82 4.3.4 Das Kuznetsov-Experiment ........................................................................................... 84 4.3.5 Reliquie ist nun Tabu .................................................................................................... 85 4.4 Papst Johannes Paul II ............................................................................................................86 4.5 Was sagt nun die katholische Kirche? ....................................................................................87 5 Spirituelle Impulse .........................................................................................................................89 5.1 Wovon das Grabtuch spricht ..................................................................................................89 5.2 Das Leid der Menschen ..........................................................................................................90 5.3 Un amore piú grande ..............................................................................................................91 5.4 Sehen und sehen lassen ..........................................................................................................92 Fazit ........................................................................................................................................................94 Preghiera davanti alla Sindone ...........................................................................................................95 Gebet vor dem Grabtuch ....................................................................................................................96 Bilderanhang ..........................................................................................................................................97 Bildquellen ...........................................................................................................................................107 Bibliographie ........................................................................................................................................108 3 Ehrenwörtliche Erklärung Ich versichere, dass ich die eingereichte Masterarbeit selbständig verfasst, andere als die an- gegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel nicht benutzt und mich auch sonst keiner unerlaubten Hilfsmittel bedient habe. Ich versichere ferner, dass ich diese Masterarbeit bisher weder im In- noch im Ausland in irgendeiner Form als wissenschaftliche Arbeit vorgelegt habe. Ort und Datum: Name: Maria Stefania Gabrielli .......................................... ......................................................... 4 Vorwort Bücher sind für mich immer etwas Besonderes gewesen. Als ich ein kleines Kind war, pflegte mein Vater mir jeden Abend vor dem Schlafengehen eine Geschichte vorzulesen. Das Gleiche musste meine Mutter tun, als wir am Esstisch saßen und ich nicht essen wollte. Ich liebte es sehr, Geschichten zuzuhören, und sobald ich lesen gelernt hatte, fing ich an, allein durch die Welt der Bücher zu reisen. Manche hatte ich zu Hause, viele lieh ich mir aus der Bibliothek aus. Mein Vater besaß aber auch einige wertvolle Exemplare davon, die er auch heute noch im Wohnzimmer aufbewahrt, und so nutzte ich immer wieder jene Momente, wenn ich allein da- heim war, um unter seinen Büchern zu schmökern.
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