Iasbaba 60 Days 2020: History & Current Affairs-Day 4
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IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 Q.1) With reference to the Educational institutions in India consider the following pairs: 1. The Calcutta Madrasah - Lord Wellesley. 2. The Sanskrit College - Jonathan Duncan. 3. Fort William College - Warren Hastings. Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 3 only Q.1) Solution (b) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Incorrect The Calcutta Madrasah was The Sanskrit College was Fort William College was set up established by Warren established by Jonathan by Wellesley in 1800 for training Hastings in 1781 for the Duncan, the resident, at of civil servants of the Company study of Muslim law and Benaras in 1791 for study of in languages and customs of related subjects. Hindu law and philosophy. Indians (closed in 1802). Q.2) With reference to Narkelberia Uprising, consider the following statements: 1. Mir Nisar Ali led the uprising mainly against Hindu landlords in Bengal. 2. The revolt later merged into the Pagal Panthis Movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Solution (a) IASBABA 1 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect Syed Mir Nisar Ali, or Titu Mir is a peasant leader who led the Titu Mir inspired the Muslim Narkelberia Uprising (1782-1831) against Zamindars and tenants in West Bengal. The British colonial authorities in Bengal. He constructed a fort of revolt later merged into the bamboo at Narkelberia and declared independence from the Wahabi movement. British administration. He also fought against Hindu landlords who imposed beard-tax on the Farizis. Q.3) Consider the following statements about initiatives taken to eradicate caste in India. 1. Gandhiji founded the All India Harijan Sevak Sangh. 2. All India Depressed Classes Association was founded by Ambedkar. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3) Solution (a) Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect Gandhiji always had in mind the objective Babasaheb Ambedkar, who had experienced the of eradicating untouchability by root and worse form of casteist discrimination during his branch. His ideas were based on the childhood, fought against upper caste tyranny grounds of humanism and reason. He throughout his life. He organised the All India argued that the Shastras did not sanction Scheduled Castes Federation, while several other untouchability and, even if they did, they leaders of the depressed classes founded the All should be ignored since truth cannot be India Depressed Classes Association. The All India confined within the covers of a book. In Depressed Classes Assosication was formed in 1932, he founded the All India Harijan Nagpur in 1926 with M.C Rajah as its first elected Sevak Sangh. president. IASBABA 2 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding Sir Syed Ahmed Khan who started Aligarh Movement: 1. He was member of the judicial service of the British government. 2. He held western education high over Quran. 3. Political activity by Muslims was supported by him. Which of the statements given above is/are INCORRECT? a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.4) Solution (c) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Incorrect Syed Ahmed Khan (1817- He wanted to reconcile Western Active participation in 1898), born in a respectable scientific education with the politics at that point, he Muslim family, was a loyalist teachings of the Quran which felt, would invite hostility member of the judicial service were to be interpreted in the of the government towards of the British government. light of contemporary the Muslim masses. After retirement in 1876, he rationalism and science even Therefore, he opposed became a member of the though he also held the Quran political activity by the Imperial Legislative Council in to be the ultimate authority. Muslims. 1878. Q.5) The Portfolio system in India was introduced by a) John Lawrence b) Lord Hardinge I c) Lord Lytton d) Lord Canning Q.5) Solution (d) IASBABA 3 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 • Lord Canning, who was the Governor-General (1856-57) and Viceroy (1858-62) at the time, introduced the portfolio system. In this system, each member was assigned a portfolio of a particular department. • Under Indian Councils Act of 1861 the viceroy was empowered to make rules and orders for the more convenient transaction of business in the council, which gave recognition to the ‘portfolio system’ that was introduced by Lord Canning in 1859. • According to portfolio system a member of the Viceroy’s council was made in-charge of one or more departments of the government and was authorised to issue final orders on behalf of the council on matters of his department(s). Q.6) Which of the following is/are the features of The Act for the Better Government of India, 1858? 1. India was to be governed by and in the name of the Crown through a Secretary of State and Executive council headed by Secretary of State. 2. It ended the system of double government by abolishing the Board of Control and Court of Directors. 3. Governor-General of India became ex-officio Secretary of State. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1 and 3 only Q.6) Solution (b) • Provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. ▪ It provided that India henceforth was to be governed by, and in the name of, Her Majesty. ▪ It changed the designation of the Governor-General of India to that of Viceroy of India. He (viceroy) was the direct representative of the British Crown in India. Lord Canning thus became the first Viceroy of India. The Viceroy was to be assisted with an Executive Council. ▪ It created a new office, Secretary of State for India, vested with complete authority and control over Indian administration. IASBABA 4 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 ▪ It established a 15-member Council of India to assist the secretary of state for India. The council was an advisory body. The secretary of state was made the chairman of the council. ▪ It constituted the secretary of state-in-council as a body corporate, capable of suing and being sued in India and in England. ▪ He was also the channel of communication between the British government in Britain and the Indian administration. He also had the power to send secret despatches to India without consulting his council. Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Incorrect India was to be governed by and in the Act ended the system of The secretary of state name of the Crown through a double government by was a member of the Secretary of State assisted by 15 abolishing the Board of British cabinet and was members Council of India. Executive Control and Court of responsible ultimately to Council was headed by Viceroy in India. Directors. the British Parliament. Q.7) Which of the following act, for the first time separated the legislative and executive functions of the Governor-General’s council? a) The Charter Act of 1813 b) The Charter Act of 1833 c) The Charter Act of 1853 d) Indian Council’s Act of 1861 Q.7) Solution (c) Features of the Charter Act of 1853: • It separated, for the first time, the legislative and executive functions of the Governor- General’s council. It provided for addition of six new members called legislative councilors to the council. • In other words, it established a separate Governor-General’s legislative council which came to be known as the Indian (Central) Legislative Council. This legislative wing of the council functioned as a mini-Parliament, adopting the same procedures as the British Parliament. Thus, legislation, for the first time, was treated as a special function of the government, requiring special machinery and special process. IASBABA 5 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: HISTORY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 4 • It introduced an open competition system of selection and recruitment of civil servants. The covenanted civil service was thus thrown open to the Indians also. Accordingly, the Macaulay Committee (the Committee on the Indian Civil Service) was appointed in 1854. • It extended the Company’s rule and allowed it to retain the possession of Indian territories on trust for the British Crown. • It introduced, for the first time, local representation in the Indian (Central) Legislative Council. Q.8) Consider the following pairs: Movements Led By 1. Vaikom Satyagraha K.P. Kesava 2. Aruvippuram movement Sri Narayana Guru 3. Justice movement E.V.Ramaswamy Naicker Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched? a) 1 and 2 only b) 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.8) Solution (a) Pair 1 Pair 2 Pair 3 Correct Correct Incorrect In 1924, the Vaikom Satyagraha Aravipuram Movement was Justice Movement in led by K.P. Kesava, was launched by Sri Narayana Guru on Madras Presidency was launched in Kerala demanding Shivaratri day of 1888. On that started by C.N. the throwing open of Hindu day, Sri Narayana Guru defied the Mudaliar, T.M. Nair temples and roads to the religious restrictions traditionally and P. Tyagaraja to untouchables. K. Kelappan also placed on the Ezhava community, secure jobs and played a dominant role in the and consecrated an idol of Shiva representation for the famous Vaikom Satyagraha and at Aravipuram.