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Draft Belgium's Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030

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Draft Belgium's Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030 Courtesy Translation in English provided by the Translation Services of the European Commission Draft Belgium’s Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030 Version approved by the Consultation Committee on 19 December 2018 1 SECTION A: NATIONAL PLAN 1. Overview and process for establishing the plan ................................................................................................................. 4 1.1. Executive summary .................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Overview of current policy situation ........................................................................................................................ 15 1.3 Consultations and involvement of national and Union entities and their outcome ................................................ 19 1.4 Regional cooperation in preparing the plan ............................................................................................................ 22 2. National objectives and targets ........................................................................................................................................ 24 2.1 Dimension decarbonisation ..................................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.1 GHG emissions and removals .............................................................................................................................. 24 2.1.2 Renewable energy ............................................................................................................................................... 25 2.2 Dimension energy efficiency .............................................................................................................................................. 26 2.3 Dimension energy security ....................................................................................................................................... 37 2.4 Dimension internal energy market .......................................................................................................................... 39 2.4.1 Electricity interconnectivity ................................................................................................................................ 39 2.4.2 Energy transmission infrastructure ..................................................................................................................... 40 2.4.3 Market integration .............................................................................................................................................. 42 2.4.4 Energy poverty .................................................................................................................................................... 44 2.5 Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness ............................................................................................ 45 3. Policies and measures ....................................................................................................................................................... 48 3.1 Dimension decarbonisation ..................................................................................................................................... 48 3.1.1 GHG emissions and removals .............................................................................................................................. 48 3.1.2 Renewable energy ............................................................................................................................................... 64 3.1.3 Other elements of the dimension ....................................................................................................................... 68 3.2 Dimension energy efficiency ................................................................................................................................... 68 3.3 Dimension energy security ...................................................................................................................................... 82 3.4 Dimension internal energy market .......................................................................................................................... 84 3.4.1 Electricity and gas infrastructures ....................................................................................................................... 84 3.4.2 Energy transmission infrastructure ..................................................................................................................... 86 3.4.3 Market integration .............................................................................................................................................. 86 3.4.4 Energy poverty .................................................................................................................................................... 89 3.5 Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness............................................................................................ 91 SECTION B: ANALYTICAL BASIS .................................................................................................................................................. 99 2 4. Description of the current situation and projections with existing policies for each of the five dimensions ................... 99 4.1 General parameters and variables ......................................................................................................................... 99 4.2 Dimension decarbonisation ..................................................................................................................................... 99 4.2.1 GHG emissions and removals .............................................................................................................................. 99 4.2.2 Renewable energy sources ............................................................................................................................... 102 4.3 Dimension energy efficiency ................................................................................................................................. 104 4.4 Dimension energy security .................................................................................................................................... 105 4.5 Dimension Internal energy market ....................................................................................................................... 106 4.6 Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness.......................................................................................... 106 5. Assessment of the impact of planned policies and measures ........................................................................................ 107 5.1. Dimension decarbonisation .............................................................................................................................. 107 5.2. Dimension energy efficiency ............................................................................................................................. 112 5.3 Dimension energy security ...................................................................................................................................... 31 3 1. Overview and process for establishing the plan 1.1. Executive summary i. Political, economic, environmental and social context of the plan Economic context1 Belgium is a federal state in which decision-making power is shared between a Federal Government and three Regions (Wallonia, Flanders and the Brussels-Capital Region), as well as three Communities (the Flemish Community, the Wallonia-Brussels Federation and the German-speaking Community). The Regions are responsible for areas such as energy efficiency, the promotion of renewable energy sources, public transport, transport infrastructure, urban and rural planning, agriculture and waste management. The Federal Government is responsible for many aspects of fiscal policy, as well as for policies on goods (standards, fuel quality, labelling and performance standards for household and industrial appliances, etc.). It has overall responsibility for nuclear energy and the security of the country’s energy supply. It also oversees Belgium’s territorial waters, which means that it is also responsible for the development of offshore wind farms. Through its complementary policies in areas ranging from taxation to biofuels, bicycles, product standards, energy efficient public buildings and railways, the Federal Government supports the regions in their climate and air quality policies. These complementary policies, in addition to the forecasts for offshore wind energy, represent the federal contribution to achieving Belgium’s targets under the EU’s 2020-2030 climate and energy package2. Responsibility for energy is shared on the basis of the law of 8 August 1980. Given Belgium’s federal structure and the division of powers, several bodies have been set up to foster cooperation and consultation among the various levels of authority and to ensure consistency between the actions of the national government and its component entities. The three Regions and the Federal Government collaborate closely and continually on energy and climate policy. The work is coordinated within various forums, including: - the Energy Policy Coordination Platform,
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