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Algunas Observaciones Etológicas Sobre El Parto Cuad. herpetol., 2222 (2):(2): 95–97,95–97, 20082008 95 N OTA latus mantenida en cautiverio y se las comparan con observaciones realizadas ALGUNAS OBSERVACIONES para otras especies del género. ETOLÓGICAS SOBRE EL PARTO El ejemplar estudiado fue capturado DE LIOLAEMUS LINEOMACULATUS el 21 de enero de 2007, en la ruta Pro- (SAURIA: LIOLAEMINI) vincial 39, a 7,2 km E de Bajo Caraco- les, Departamento Río Chico, provincia de Santa Cruz (47º26’S, 70º51’ W, 880 m M. L. KOZYKARISKI snm). El individuo fue trasladado y man- C. H. F. PÉREZ tenido en cautiverio en el Centro Nacio- M. F. BREITMAN nal Patagónico (CENPAT-CONICET) has- L. J. ÁVILA ta el momento de la parición, ocurrida Grupo de Herpetología Patagónica. CENPAT- el 30 de enero de 2007. Con el fin de CONICET: Boulevard Almirante Brown 2825, poder observar en detalle el parto, el (U9120ACF) Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina individuo fue colocado en un terrario circular y fue filmado con una videocá- Liolaemus lineomaculatus forma par- mara Sony Digital HI8 y una cámara te de un grupo de lagartos denominados Panasonic Lumix FZ5. Se registró el basales para el clado Eulaemus (Lau- largo hocico-cloaca, con calibre tipo Ver- rent, 1983; Laurent, 1985; Etheridge, nier (± 0,02 mm), y el peso, utilizando 1995; Schulte et al., 2000; Morando et balanzas tipo Pesola® de 10 g y de 20 al., 2003; Morando, 2004), dentro del g, tanto de las crías como de la madre cual se encuentran al menos tres gru- inmediatamente después del parto. Lue- pos de especies: kingii, archeforus y li- go de éste, el ejemplar y las crías fue- neomaculatus (Lobo, 2001; Abdala y ron sacrificadas con inyección pericárdi- Lobo, 2006). ca de Pentotal Sódico Abbot®, fijados Liolaemus lineomaculatus es un la- en formol 20% y luego de dos días garto pequeño y esbelto de unos 60 mm transferidos a etanol 70%. de longitud hocico-cloaca, de amplia dis- Tanto la hembra como el lote de tribución en la Patagonia, desde el cen- crías se encuentran depositados en la tro-oeste de la provincia de Neuquén y colección LJAMM (Luciano Javier Avila oeste de Río Negro y Chubut hasta casi Mariana Morando), Centro Nacional Pa- la totalidad de la provincia de Santa tagónico, Puerto Madryn, Argentina Cruz (Cei, 1986; Williams, 1997; Ibar- (CENPAT-CONICET), con los números güengoytía et al., 2001; Christie, 2002). LJAMM 7497 y LJAMM 7498 (lote), Habita ambientes arenosos, rocosos o respectivamente. pedregosos de la estepa patagónica, tan- Se observó la parición de tres de las to arbustivos como de pastizal. Es un cinco crías. La duración total de los lagarto omnívoro y vivíparo y puede dar tres partos observados fue de sesenta a luz entre tres y seis crías (Cei, 1986). minutos aproximadamente, mientras Observaciones etológicas relacionadas que los intervalos entre pariciones fue- a la reproducción en Liolaemus han sido ron variables, entre 8 a 17 minutos. realizadas por Halloy y Halloy (1997) en En ninguno de los casos se observó L. huacahuasicus, Ibargüengoytía et al. que la hembra levantara la cola, al ini- (2002) en L. kingii y Cabrera y Mongui- cio de la fase de contracción, pudiéndo- llot (2007) en L. eleodori. En este traba- se observar que siempre la mantuvo en jo se presentan observaciones del parto línea recta y elevó levemente las patas de una hembra de Liolaemus lineomacu- traseras. En todos los casos se observó Recibido: 14/07/08 — Aceptado: 04/09/08 Ed. asoc.: Mario Cabrera 96 KOZYKARISKI et al.: Parto de Liolaemus lineomaculatus que la fase de contracción comenzó con observados en las especies L. hatcheri, movimientos laterales y una vez que la L. silvanae y L. kingii en condiciones cabeza del neonato comenzó a salir, la de cautiverio. Tres hembras de L. hat- hembra ayudó a la expulsión total de la cheri, tuvieron partos entre los días 30 cría mediante movimientos espasmódi- y 31 de enero, con un tamaño de cama- cos de las patas traseras. Todos los in- da de tres a cinco crías las cuales con- dividuos nacieron de cabeza y todos los servaron el vitelo después del parto, individuos observados salieron por el mientras que para dos hembras de L. lado derecho de la cloaca. Las cinco silvanae, el tamaño de camada fue de crías se mostraron activas luego de su tres a cuatro crías. También se observa- respectiva parición y se observó un des- ron que los nacimientos en L. kingii se plazamiento normal de la hembra por el produjeron a principios de febrero y el terrario después de cada parición. Para tamaño de la camada fue de cinco crías, cada uno de los individuos se obtuvieron lo que concuerda con Ibargüengoytía et los siguientes resultados: Cría 1: largo al. (2002), quienes también observaron hocico-cloaca (LHC) (en cm): 3,0; largo que la madre realizó movimientos de total (LT) (en cm): 5,8; peso (en g): 0,7; lengüeteo hacia las crías. En el presen- Cría 2: LHC: 2,5.; LT: 6,1.; peso: 0,6; te trabajo no se pudo determinar este Cría 3: LHC: 2,5; LT: 6,0.; peso: 0,6; comportamiento. Cría 4: LHC: 2,6; LT: 5,7; peso: 0,5; y Hembra: LHC: 5,5.; LT: 8,5; peso (des- pués de la parición): 4,0. AGRADECIMIENTOS Las escasas observaciones realizadas sobre pariciones en especies vivíparas de Agradecemos la colaboración de N. Liolaemus, confirman similitudes con Feltrin durante las filmaciones y a Cris- las realizadas en el presente trabajo. tian Zanotti, Jack Sites, N. Feltrin y V. Halloy y Halloy (1997) observaron en Paiaro en el trabajo de campo donde Liolaemus huacahuasicus, que los tama- fueron capturados los ejemplares de es- ños de las camadas fueron de cuatro a tudio. Dicho trabajo fue realizado con seis crías, que todos los individuos na- permiso de las autoridades de fauna de cieron de cabeza y no hubo ayuda por la Provincia de Santa Cruz y fue posi- parte de la madre. Por otra parte, Ibar- ble gracias a los subsidios NSF-PIRE güengoytía et al. (2002) trabajando con “Partnership for International Research Liolaemus kingii, especie cercanamente and Education” (OISE 0530267) para el relacionada a L. lineomaculatus, infor- desarrollo de investigación en colabora- maron que el tamaño de camada fue ción otorgado a las siguientes institucio- entre dos y cinco crías y la fecha de nes: BYU, CENPAT-CONICET, Dalhou- parto a finales de enero, mientras que sie University, Instituto Botánico Da- Cabrera y Monguillot (2007) observaron rwinion – CONICET, Universidad Aus- en tres hembras de L. eleodori que los tral de Chile, Universidad Nacional del tamaños de las camadas fueron de dos Comahue, Universidad Nacional de Cor- a cuatro crías, que los individuos nacie- doba, Universidad de Concepción y Uni- ron de cabeza y que los nacimientos versidad de Nebraska y CONICET PIP ocurrieron en diciembre y enero. 6469/05 otorgado a L. J. Avila. Nuestros resultados indican que el período de parición de Liolaemus li- neomaculatus es a fines de enero. La LITERATURA CITADA fecha de parición y el tamaño de la ca- mada son similares a otras especies per- ABDALA, C. S. & LOBO, F. 2006. Des- tenecientes al género (Ibargüengoytía et cription of a new patagonian lizard al., 2002). Resultados similares fueron species of the Liolaemus silvanae Cuad. herpetol., 22 (2): 95–97, 2008 97 group (Iguania: Liolaemidae). mica del genero Liolaemus Wieg- South American Journal of Herpe- mann (Iguanidae). Boletín de la tology 1 (1): 1-8. Asociación Herpetológica Argentina CABRERA, M. R. & J. C. MONGUILLOT. 1 (3): 16-18. 2007. Liolaemus eleodori (San LAURENT, R. 1985. Segunda contribución Guillermo’s lizard): Reproduction. al conocimiento de la estructura Herpetological Bulletin 101: 34-35. taxonómica del género Liolaemus CEI, J. M. 1986. Reptiles del centro, cen- Wiegmann (Iguanidae). Cuadernos tro-oeste y sur de Argentina. Her- de Herpetología 1: 1-37. petofauna de las zonas áridas y se- LOBO, F. 2001. A phylogenetic analysis miáridas. Monografía IV. Museo of lizards of the Liolaemus chilien- Regionale di Scienze Naturali. To- sis group (Iguania: Tropiduridae). rino. Italia. 527 pp. Herpetological Journal 11: 137- CHRISTIE, M. 2002. Liolaemus lineomacu- 150. latus (Sauria: Liolaemidae) en el MORANDO, M. 2004. Sistemática y filoge- Noroeste Patagónico. Cuadernos nia de grupos de especies de los de Herpetología 16 (1): 83-87. géneros Phymaturus y Liolaemus ETHERIDGE, R. 1995. Redescription of (Squamata: Tropidurudae: Liolae- Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, minae). Tesis Doctoral. Universi- 1845, and the taxonomy of Liolae- dad Nacional de Tucumán. minae (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropi- MORANDO, M.; L. J. AVILA & J. W. SI- duridae). American Museum Novi- TES. 2003. Sampling strategies for tates 3142: 1-34. delimiting species: genes, indivi- HALLOY, M. & S. HALLOY. 1997. An in- duals, and populations in the Lio- direct form of parental care in a laemus elongatus-kriegi complex high altitude viviparous lizard, Lio- (Squamata: Liolaemidae) in An- laemus huacahuasicus (Tropiduri- dean-Patagonian South America. dae). Bulletin Maryland Herpetolo- Systematic Biology 52 (2): 159-185. gical Society 33 (3): 139-155 SCHULTE, J.; J. MACEY, R. ESPINOZA & IBARGÜENGOYTÍA, N., L. M. CASALINS; A. LARSON. 2000. Phylogenetic re- J. A. SCHULTE, G. C. AMICO & L. lationships in the iguanid lizard SYMPSON. 2001. Geographic Distri- genus Liolaemus: multiple origins bution. Liolaemus lineomaculatus. of viviparous reproduction and evi- Herpetological Review 32 (2): 112. dence for recurring Andean vica- IBARGÜENGOYTÍA, N.; M. HALLOY & M. riance and dispersal. Biological Jo- CROCCO. 2002. El parto en el la- urnal of Linnean Society 69: 75- garto Liolaemus kingii (Iguania: 102. Liolaemidae): observaciones etoló- WILLIAMS, J. 1997. Liolaemus lineomacu- gicas. Cuadernos de Herpetología latus (Sauria: Tropiduridae): Pri- 16 (2): 129-135. mera cita para la provincial de LAURENT, R.
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