April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7597 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

NURTURING THE AFRICAN-AMER- a country engaged in civil war for at least 26 One of the most destructive forces a family ICAN FAMILY: A CONGRES- years; and can face is joblessness. Joblessness has SIONAL RESPONSE The number of African-Americans in their been linked to divorce, crime, drugs, poverty, twenties who had completed college dropped and family violence. It is hard to head a family HON. BARBARA-ROSE COWNS 6 percent between 1982 and 1991. if one lacks self-respect. One cannot pass on The challenges confronting our children are the values of hard work, self-discipline and OF MICHIGAN becoming increasingly difficult to address. Vio­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perseverance if one has no work. lence and drug and alcohol abuse are ramp­ In my home of Detroit, over one-third of the Thursday, April 14, 1994 ant. Liquor stores sit on virtually every corner population lives in poverty, while 26 percent Miss COLLINS of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, where there should be schools, recreation receive public assistance. Not coincidentally, the structure of the American family varies centers and parks. Gang life is replacing fam­ 19.3 percent of African-Americans are without greatly today. Indeed, many question whether ily life. For African-American boys, firearm jobs. there is in fact one model of "the American homicide is the leading cause of death. Our Americans want jobs. Last October, over family." children are having sex earlier without taking 20,000 men and women showed up to register No one can question the fact, however, that the necessary precautions. for U.S. Postal Service jobs that will not even I know firsthand the conditions that have American families of all colors have under­ be available until 1996. Later, 10,000 Detroit­ brought despair and paralysis to many African­ gone many changes in recent decades. We ers showed up to apply for 4,500 jobs in a ca­ American families. As a single parent, I raised sino, jobs that do not yet exist. have seen lower marriage rates, higher di­ my son and daughter in the face of many ob­ vorce rates, earlier sexual activity, and higher I introduced the Infrastructure Jobs Act, a stacles. At times, I worked three jobs to pro­ bill that would authorize three types of grants proportions of births to unmarried mothers. vide for my children, and I had no family These changes have been more pronounced, for local public works projects. The first are di­ health insurance. Exhaustion was a close rect grants to State and local governments to however, for African-American families. The companion. But I still found time and energy to August 30, 1993, Newsweek magazine went complete "ready-to-go" public works projects love my children. I still found time and energy where architectural design or preliminary engi­ so far as to call the African-American family to help them with their homework, and I found neering has already begun. The second are "endangered." the time to teach them right from wrong. That supplemental grants to increase to 100 per­ A brief historical view offers perspective. was my responsibility as their parent. I was cent the Federal share for a project for which Many historians have documented the impor­ very lucky. Unfortunately, as a female single­ tance, the strength and the varied forms of the parent, I could teach my daughter how to be Federal financial assistance is already author­ African-American family throughout our Na­ a woman, but I could not teach my son how ized. The third are grants for all or any portion tion's history. For example, during slavery, the to be a man. of a State and local share on projects author­ family was a powerful, cohesive force. Gerald I am thankful that I was not totally alone. I ized by State or local laws. The bill would give D. Jaynes and Robin M. Williams put it this knew I could turn to my family, my friends, my priorities to areas of long-term, hardcore un­ way: neighbors and my church for support. In my employment. In this way, money will go to Blacks evinced a remarkable loyalty to the neighborhood, my children had surrogate areas with the direst needs. family unit in the face 'of the disruptive mothers on every block that took responsibility We know from experience that this type of treatment of their families by many slave­ not only for their own children, but the other legislation will work quickly to create jobs and owners. When families were not broken apart children in the neighborhood. When I was at reduce local unemployment rates. During the by the slavery system, nuclear family units my wits end, I could depend on them. When 1970's, a $6 billion local public works program of two parents and their children were com­ I needed guidance, they were there. This is a created more than 340,000 full-time direct and mon. Some families were headed by females indirect jobs. and many kinship units were extended, often real strength in so many American commu­ including grandparents and grandchildren. nities, black, white or whatever. PROVIDING MEANINGFUL JOB TRAINING Other relatives and their young children The problems facing African-Americans As companies become leaner in an effort to could be part of a single household. Near­ today are not solely the problems of African­ compete globally, many low-skill jobs vanish dwelling relatives formed networks of mu­ Americans. In one form or another, we are all or are replaced by new high-tech, high-skills tual aid and social support. For enslaved touched by them. We all ultimately pay. jobs. As a result, many families are headed by Blacks, the family was important since it It is time for Americans to discuss these is­ Americans trapped in a cycle of joblessness, was the primary Black institution to which sues openly. Government has the responsibil­ poverty, and out-of-date work skills. These they could openly be committed. ity to ensure that every American has equal Americans have not only lost hope in their African-Am3rican families, whatever form opportunity to achieve the American dream. .ability to find a job, but in their ability to ac­ they take-nuclear, single-parent, extended or While there is no question that no level of gov­ quire skills needed to hold down a job. otherwise, face unprecedented threats today. ernment can legislate family values, as policy­ Many folks don't even look for a job be­ Held hostage are innocent victims, African­ makers, we must promote policies that support cause they know they are considered unquali­ American children. The African-American families as the basic units of our country. fied. They know that the workplace is chang­ male, faced with an uphill struggle, has be­ To enhance what Government can do, yes­ ing. They have seen firsthand the results of come increasingly invisible, particularly in Afri­ terday I introduced five bills, a first step of a the loss of about 1.5 million jobs in basic man­ can-American family life. Female-headed, sin­ coordinated effort to bring hope and oppor­ ufacturing. gle-parent households, are becoming the norm tunity to African-American families and restore Studies of the Job Training Partnership Act in many communities. Here are a few telling their strength. To do otherwise would be irre­ found that the program largely ignores the statistics: sponsible and deny future generations of Af ri­ needs of the most disadvantaged. The Labor Ninety-four percent of those single mothers can-Americans hope and opportunity. Department acknowledged this problem when are unmarried teenagers: PROVIDING GOOD JOBS it issued new regulations to address concerns Nearly half of the children in single-parent Jobs are critical to holding families together. that the program benefits white males almost homes live in poverty; In the words of Robert Griswold, a historian exclusively. Only 1 African-American child in 5 will be and author of "Fatherhood in America," My second bill, the Full Employment Oppor­ raised in a traditional two-parent home; "When men lose their ability to earn bread, tunity and Infrastructure Improvement Act of An American child is 15 times more likely to their sense of self declines· dramatically. They 1993, would give hard-to-employ Americans a die from gunfire as a child in Northern Ireland, lose rapport with their children." chance at a job and, more than that, a chance

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Mem_ber of the House on the floor. 7598 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 at a career. This legislation would enable un­ gangs and juvenile delinquency, including drug parenting, child development, conflict resolu­ employed Americans in economically dis­ and alcohol abuse; second, to preserve or re­ tion and stress reduction, in an effort to help tressed areas to learn a trade by working side­ unite families, particularly projects that empha­ families avoid placing their children in foster by-side with skilled craftsmen, artisans and size fatherhood; and third, to help youth enjoy care; and second, it would provide assistance other professionals. and appreciate learning. . for community-based programs to train foster This is accomplished by providing assist­ At present, Federal agencies make grants to parents and the people who work with them in ance to service delivery areas under JTPA to States and localities with little to no coordina­ parenting, conflict resolution and coping with set up new public works and public services tion with other agencies. Under my bill, prob­ stress. Rather than targeting the child only, my training programs as part of public works and lems can be addressed from many perspec­ bill focuses on the family as a functioning unit, public services projects that would not other­ tives, not from the compartmentalized mission providing local ·trained personnel to help pre­ wise be undertaken. of one department. serve families and provide good "second" Participants would receive wages and bene­ This legislation is an affirmation of the belief homes for children that must leave their own fits through the program as well as invaluable that government cannot legislate individual re­ home. on-the-job training while working alongside sponsibility, but government can lay the CONCLUSION professionals. Infrastructure would be rebuilt groundwork for people to take charge of their Children learn the value of family and com­ and services would be performed in those own lives. We owe our citizens no less. munity from family and community. In the areas most desperate for revitalization, be­ PROVIDING ROLE MODELS FOR YOUTH words of writer Marilyn French, "To nourish cause the bill gives priority to areas of high I also introduced a mentoring bill which is children and raise them against odds is in any unemployment and targets the harcHo-employ modeled on the Growth and Afrocentric Pro­ time, any place, more valuable than to fix bolts in an effort to give a chance to those who gram in the Saginaw, Ml school district. It e~ in cars or design nuclear weapons." As a soci­ have been ignored by these types of programs phasizes the African proverb, "It takes a whole ety, to this goal--to nourish childre~we must in the past. village to raise a child." Specifically, this legis­ all rededicate ourselves. In the public works training programs, par­ lation authorizes the Secretary of Education to ticipants would get a chance to learn a trade award demonstration grants to local govern­ on the job. Private contractors, for their effort ment agencies and community-based organi­ TWO STARS ARE PLENTY in training participants, would get public works zations for mentoring programs for minority business. Cities and municipalities would get youth. · HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER infrastructure. American media glamorizes, as African­ OF COLORADO In the public services training programs, American role models, athletes and entertain­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES participants would receive on-the-job training ers. But the real role models in our commu­ in fields such as environmental quality, health nity, like any other community, are the men Thursday, April 14, 1994 care, education, public safety, prison rehabili­ and women who interact with children on a Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, the New tation, maintenance of public parks, pollution daily basis, whether they be clergy, teachers, York Times has it right. Admiral Kelso was the control, and other fields of human betterment coaches, family friends or parents. My bill captain of the ship and two stars are enough. and community improvement. Communities would connect these role models with the chil­ I hope the Senate agrees. would receive services they could not other­ dren in their communities and provide loving [From the New York Times, Apr. 14, 1994) wise afford, and America would get individuals and nurturing relationships. Two STARS ARE PLENTY trained in the types of jobs that will become Many of our most troubled youth lack self­ very important as we head into the 21st cen­ Navy Secretary John H. Dalton had it esteem, which is reinforced daily as the media right the first time. Last year he urged the tury. bombards them with images of African-Amer­ removal of Adm. Frank B. Kelso 2d as Chief A strength of my bill is that it would provide ican crime and delinquency. The mentoring of Naval Operations for failing to show prop­ training while on the job. Studies show that process can offer and reinforce positive i~ er leadership during Tailhook '91-.the infa­ training with specific ties to the job market is ages of adulthood in children. This legislation mous reunion of aviators featuring a gantlet the most effective type of job training. The Full builds on the strengths of our communities by of drunken gropers that female guests, Employment Opportunity Act would offer the involving everyone in the process. among them 15 officers, were forced to run. This week, however, Mr. Dalton joined De­ kinds of skills and knowledge that will help mil­ KEEPING FAMILIES TOGETHER lions become productive members of our fense Secretary William Perry and Gen. John My fifth bill addresses the need to keep chil­ Shalikashvili, chairman of the Joint Chiefs economy. It will give them the chance to be dren with their parents, to prevent children's of Staff, in asking that the Senate retire Ad­ better mothers and fathers, by bringing long­ placement in foster care and to help those miral Kelso at his four-star rank. term economic security to their homes. children who must for their own welfare be Two stars, which rank the admiral will HELPING COMMUNITIES HELP THEMSELVES placed in foster care. automatically revert to unless the Senate Our urban communities must help the~ Since the 1980's, an increasing number of says otherwise, are enough. selves. No government official or agency children have been entering foster care and Admiral Kelso agreed to step down early in knows more about the problems confronting a exchange for a tribute that would clear his experts predict that over 500,000 children may name. Mr. Perry gave him that tribute two community more than the people who live and be in out-of-home care by 1995. With jobless­ months ago, and America got a good look at work in that community. An effective govern­ ness, drugs and violence unabating, the nu~ the Navy at its brassiest. Now Secretaries ment recognizes this point and seeks to pro­ ber of children in foster care rises. Sadly, Dal ton and Perry and General Shalikashvili vide assistance to those people on the front some call them discarded children. As the are polishing that brass to an inappropri­ lines. I introduced the Community Safety and need for foster placements has grown, the ately higher shine. The general at least con­ Empowerment Act so that individuals, rather supply of licensed foster homes has declined_. ceded that his support was "likely to fuel than government, can identify and solve their Many authorities say the system is in crisis. charges that we in the services are operating own problems while at the same time promot­ Joblessness, stress, and poverty can have a an old boy network by trying to shield Admi­ ral Kelso from blame." Likely? How about ing their own strengths. Specifically, a new devastating effect on family life. In the poorest "certain"? interagency council would award grants to inner-city neighborhoods, more than 1 out of There is much illustrious about Admiral public and non-profit private entities for every 1O infants will be placed in foster care. Kelso's career. As head of the Sixth Fleet, he projects to improve the health, education, and The national placement rate is 6 per 1,000 commanded Navy forces that helped seize safety of the residents in economically dis­ children. the Palestinian terrorists responsible for the tressed communities. Foster care has never promised a good life killing of an American aboard the cruise ship The Federal Coordinating, Council on Co~ outcome and I am sure no parent wants to Achille Lauro. He was also in charge of air munity Safety and Empowerment would be turn his or her child over to someone else. strikes against Libya in 1986; and he has been conspicuously progressive in his attitude to­ composed of the Attorney General, the Sec­ Nevertheless, foster care has a place in our ward women's role in the Navy. True, his ini­ retaries of the Departments of Health and society and in the interest of our children, we tiatives may have been designed partly to Human Services, Education, Housing and should make it as good as we can. sweeten the aroma arising from Tailhook. Urban Development, and Labor, and would My bill has two thrusts: First, it would pro­ Yet his concern with giving military women award grants for projects: First, to prevent vide assistance for training parents in a fair chance was commendable and rare. April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7599 Even so, allowing Admiral Kelso to keep memorate the bombing of Hiroshima and Na­ glowing example of service that is Ruth Q. four stars, and the pension that goes with gasaki by inspiring women to join the peace Dodge. I ask all my colleagues gathered here them, would require the Senate to dismiss­ movement. She also founded and cochaired today to join me in recognizing Ruth for her as his three advocates have done-the find­ ings of the Navy's own judge, Capt. William the Campaign for New Priorities, Sacramento lifetime of service which continues on in the T. Vest Jr. Captain Vest concluded that the chapter. Her efforts in the peace movement work of the Voluntary Action Center in Toledo, admiral had lied about his own activities at have been recognized by the California State OH. America needs more citizens like Ruth. Tailhook '91, and then used his rank to im­ Assembly and by designation as "Woman of pede the investigations. the Year'' in State Senator Leroy Greene's And if the captain's 111-page report is the district in 1988. THE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ACT last word on the subject, it is because Admi­ Apart from their tireless dedication to peace AMENDMENTS ral Kelso's retirement ends any review of his campaigns and their professions, the conduct, and because Mr. Perry's coerced Hultgrens have supported numerous other tribute curtailed the formation of a special HON. Bill RICHARDSON court of inquiry. causes and have inspired countless OF NEW MEXICO In claiming that he had always supported Sacramentans to volunteer time and resources IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES retiring Admiral Kelso with four stars, Sec­ toward the enrichment of this city's services Thursday, April 14, 1994 retary Dalton is willfully overlooking one of and programs. the armed services' first principles: Senator Mr. Speaker, we ask our colleagues to join Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I am Kay Bailey Hutchison was less myopic: "[Ad­ us in saluting the Hultgren's outstanding com­ pleased to be joined by my colleague from miral Kelso's] character is not the issue munity spirit and in congratulating them on Wyoming, Mr. THOMAS, in introducing a bill to here. The issue is his captaincy of the ship-­ their 50 years together. amend the Solid Waste Disposal Act to enable what happened on his watch-and the signal Indian tribes to enforce provisions of the act his performance sends to the Navy and to the relating to leaking underground storage tanks world." Should Admiral Kelso keep his four stars, TRIBUTE TO RUTH Q. DODGE FOR on Indian lands. the signal sent to the Navy is that Admirals A LIFETIME OF VOLUNTEER Over the many years that States have re­ and such can get away with what lower­ SERVICE ceived assistance from the Environmental Pro­ ranking officers cannot. The signal sent to tection Agency [EPA], States have developed the world is that the American military's HON. MARCY KAPTIJR comprehensive environmental protection pro­ old-boy network is, despite the general's dis­ grams and the regulatory capacity to directly claimer, operating at full tilt. OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES administer federally delegated programs under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Clean Water Thursday, April 14, 1994 FIFTY-FIRST WEDDING Act, the Clean Air Act, and the Resource Con­ ANNIVERSARY Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, next Monday servation and Recovery Act [RCRA). Over this we will begin honoring our Nation's volunteers same period of time, Indian tribes were not eli­ by marking National Volunteer Week and gible to receive assistance from the EPA to HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI today I would like to offer one of the greatest develop environmental protection programs on OF CALIFORNIA examples possible of what the week will com­ their reservations, nor were they able to build HON. VIC FAZIO memorate--the lifetime of service of -Ruth Q. tribal environmental regulatory capacities. OF CALIFORNIA Dodge. Although Congress has amended the Safe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES She began her lifetime of service at the age Drinking Water Act, the Clean Air Act, and the of 18 when she was admitted to the Junior Clean Water Act to treat Indian tribes as Thursday, April 14, 1994 League of the city of New York in 1929. For States, Congress has yet to amend the Re­ Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, Mr. FAZIO and I 2 years she volunteered from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., source Conservation and Recovery Act to rise today to pay tribute to a special union Monday through Friday, at a Charity Organiza­ allow Indian tribes to be treated as States. which is now in its 51st year. On February 24, tion Society location which filled clothing req­ Under the provisions of RCRA, Indian tribes 1994, Ruth and Wayne Hultgren celebrated uisitions from caseworkers for their clients. In are treated as municipalities. Therefore, Indian their 50th wedding anniversary here in Sac­ 1933, Ruth moved to Toledo and transferred tribes are precluded from receiving any pro­ ramento, CA. to the Junior League of Toledo, becoming its gram funds under RCRA and are unable to As a founder of the Sacramento Modern president in 1936 and serving in that capacity use other sources of funding from EPA to Transit Society, Mr. Hultgren led the grass­ until 1938. Her commitment to social service carry out activities which would fall under the roots movement which brought light rail to volunteer work culminated in the Junior provisions of RCRA. There has been very little Sacramento, as an alternative to another free­ League's creation in 1948 of what was then assistance to Indian tribes to address prot:r way. For this, he is known in Sacramento as called the Volunteer Bureau. The bureau lems related to RCRA. Over the 5-year period the Father of Light Rail and was recognized matched volunteers with certain skills and in­ from 1985 through 1990, EPA has expended for his role by the American Lung Association, terests with community agencies in need of just over $2 million on Indian lands under the Environmental Council of Sacramento and those skills. The Volunteer Bureau was a RCRA. Because of the lack of Federal assist­ the California State Legislature. project of the Junior League for 4 years, log­ ance to Indian tribes to address problems Mrs. Hultgren, in her career as an early ging thousands of volunteer hours and costing under RCRA, there are increasing numbers of childhood educator, was also an organizer. the Junior League over $28,000 in 1950's serious environmental problems on Indian res­ She founded the very successful Legislative money to establish and administer. In 1952, ervations. Symposium for Children, a statewide advo­ the Junior League turned the Volunteer Bu­ One pervasive problem on Indian lands is cacy event now in its 14th year. She has been reau over to the United Way of Greater Toledo the presence of leaking and abandoned un­ named to the Hall of Fame of the Child Care and it is now called the United Way of Greater derground storage tanks. There are many In­ Coalition of Sacramento County and also as a Toledo's Voluntary Action Center [VAC]. Just dian tribes who are now faced with the pros­ trendsetter by the Association for Education of as it did in 1948, VAC links volunteers with pect of identifying and cleaning up abandoned Young Children. area not-for-profit organizations and promotes or leaking underground storage tanks on their In 1982, Mr. And Mrs. Hultgren joined the the recognition of these volunteers. lands. Because Indian tribes are treated as growing antinuclear weapons campaign. For a To mark National Volunteer Week this year, municipalities under the RCRA, they are not decade they have held lead positions in the the United Way Voluntary Action Center and eligible for funds to clean up these leaking un­ Sacramento Nuclear Weapons Freeze, now the Junior League of Toledo are joining to­ derground storage tanks. Because States do called Peace Action. Mrs. Hultgren has served gether to honor their volunteers. The center­ not have jurisdiction over Indian reservations, as president for three terms and Mr. Hultgren piece of these efforts will occur on Monday, States will not provide financial assistance for has twice served as coordinator for the April 18, when the Ruth Q. Dodge Volunteer the clean up of these tanks from the State group's most successful petition campaigns. Garden will be dedicated on the grounds of trust funds. Nether the BIA nor the IHS pro­ Mrs. Hultgren founded the August Women's the Community Service Building in Toledo, vide any financial assistance to Indian tribes to Peace Event, now in its 10th year, to com- OH, to serve as a constant reminder of the clean up leaking underground storage tanks. 7600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Sub­ made it possible for the telecast to be re­ appeared on the program through special committee on Native American Affairs, I have ceived in Africa and Asia. videotaped. messages. heard testimony from Indian tribes about the The World Food Day Program dealt with the THE TELECONFERENCE CONCEPT serious environmental hazards caused by frightening pace of genetic erosion and its im­ In the U.S. the World Food Day teleconfer­ leaking underground storage tanks and their pact on food security. This danger is acknowl­ ence has become a model for development frustrations in seeking Federal assistance in edged at the level of scientific literature and education on global issues, in part because of their attempts to clean up these facilities. In international technical conferences but there is the enormous growth in interactive site par­ my subcommittee, representatives of the Bu­ a general lack of public awareness. There is ticipation and the additional millions of viewers accessed through collaborating net­ reau of Indian Affairs, the Indian Health Serv­ an urgent need for the international commu­ works and in part because of the year-around ice, and the Environmental Protection Agency nity, national governments, and citizen organi­ use of the program's study materials and the appeared and testified on this disturbing issue. zations to act quickly and forcefully to pre­ teleconference videotape itself in college­ Each Federal agency denied responsibility for serve and protect the world's genetic resource level courses in a great variety of dis­ this problem and stated that it was not their base. ciplines. The "internationalization" of the responsibility to provide assistance to Indian I want to thank the U.S. Committee for program since 1990 has further increased its tribes to clean up leaking underground storage World Food Day and the Committee's National impact and was broadly welcomed by partici­ tanks on Indian lands. Although the Bureau of Coordinator, Ms. Patricia Young, for their ef­ pating colleges and universities in the U.S. forts in bringing this important subject to public The main components of the teleconference Indian Affairs is the principal land manager of package are: (1) A Study/Action Packet of Indian lands and the Secretary of the Interior attention. I also want to thank the Agency for print materials prepared by the non-govern­ must approve all leases on Indian lands, the International Development and the U.S. Infor­ mental U.S. National Committee for World Bureau of Indian Affairs does little to afford mation Agency for their support of this pro­ Food Day and distributed to all participating protection of Indian lands. The EPA is charged gram. schools and other study centers (and distrib­ with regulating underground storage tanks and Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to read uted in Spanish to the participating sites in provides assistance to States to address prob­ the executive summary of the World Food Day Latin America); (2) the three-hour satellite lems related to underground storage tanks, yet Teleconference, and request it to be printed in telecast on World Food Day composed of full in the RECORD at this point. three hour-long segments for expert panel the EPA provides no assistance to Indian presentations, site consideration of the is­ tribes to address these problems o·n their 1993 TELECONFERENCE ExECUTIVE SUMMARY sues and a site-panel question and answer lands. We cannot allow the Federal Govern­ The tenth annual World Food Day Tele­ interchange; (3) publication of the tele­ ment continue to stand idly by, while Indian conference was broadcast from the studios of conference report including written re­ tribes' precious resources are being contami­ George Washington University Television in sponses by panelists to questions that were Washington, DC, on October 15, 1993. It nated. not taken up on the air for reasons of time; linked a distinguished international panel of and (4) analysis by selected site organizers Mr. Speaker, what was especially troubling experts on food, agriculture and biological to me was that there is no reliable data on after each year's program to make rec­ diversity to 1,000 receive sites in the United ommendations for the year to follow. All of how many underground storage tanks are lo­ States and throughout the Western Hemi­ the main teleconference components are de­ cated on Indian lands. We have no idea what sphere. There were also a number of passive signed as college-level curricular aids. sites in Asia and Africa. The theme for the other associated problems exist because of THE STUDY/ACTION PACKET leaking underground storage tanks on Indian teleconference was "Seeds of Conflict: Bio­ The Study/Action Packet is designed as an lands. We must develop a coordinated ap­ diversity and Food Security." After years of growth since the World Food integral part of the teleconference package, proach to environmental protection on Indian Day teleconferenc~ ser-ies began in 1984, the but also serves as a separate study resource lands. This legislation will treat Indian tribes in program is believed to be the largest, single for groups planning World Food Day observ­ the same fashion as States for purposes of development education broadcast ever orga­ ances but not participating in the telecast. the regulation cf underground storage tanks nized in the U.S. The Spanish-language More than 1,500 copies of the packet were on Indian lands. It provides assistance to In­ broadcast, involving simultaneous interpre­ distributed on request in the months prior to dian tribes for the regulation of underground tation from English, began in 1990 with a the broadcasts to colleges, other institu­ storage tanks. It also provides financial and pilot project in Mexico through the coopera­ tions, community study groups, schools and individuals. All or part of the packet mate­ technical assistance for clean up of leaking tion of the Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey, which relayed the broadcast in rials were reproduced by many of the partici­ underground storage tanks and any costs in­ Spanish to its 26 national campuses over pating sites. curred for a corrective action on Indian lands. Mexico's Morelos II satellite. Outreach to Again in 1993 the Study/ Action Packet was Finally, this bill requires the EPA to conduct a the rest of Latin America and the Caribbean translated into Spanish and reprinted by the study and inventory of an underground stor­ was initiated in 1992 with the support of the F AO Regional Office for Latin America and age tanks located on Indian lands so that we UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the Caribbean and distributed throughout can determine the scope of the problem facing the U.S. Information Agency WorldNet sys­ the region by the network of FAO country Indian tribes. tem. representatives. Copies of the English ver­ World Food Day, held for the first time in sion were also distributed to U.S. embassies Mr. Speaker, this bill is a first step in provid­ 1981 and marking the anniversary of the on request. ing the same level of environmental protection founding of F AO in 1945, has captured the The 1993 packet was developed by the U.S. on Indian lands as is enjoyed by the rest of imagination of people throughout the world. National Committee for World Food Day the Nation. I urge my colleagues to support In the U.S. the day is observed in virtually with the cooperation of several institutions this legislation. every community in the country, with espe­ and organizations which contributed mate­ cially strong support in schools, worship cen­ rial from their own research and analysis. ters and food banks. The U.S. National Com­ The theme for the 1993 teleconference, ex­ WORLD FOOD DAY mittee for World Food Day has grown in ploring the effect of the global erosion of TELECONFERENCE membership to more than 450 private vol­ plant genetic resources on present and future untary organizations and works directly at world food security, offered a specifically the grassroots through more than 20,000 com­ Western Hemisphere perspective of the HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN munity organizers. worldwide World Food Day theme selected OF NEW YORK Serving on the teleconference expert panel by FAO-"Harvesting Nature's Diversity." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in 1993 were Jeffrey Bennetzen, professor of The Study/Action Packet, although not in­ genetics and plant science at Purdue Univer­ tended as a comprehensive analysis of all the Thursday, April 14, 1994 sity in Indiana, Jose Esquinas-Alcazar, sec­ issues raised by biodiversity loss, served as Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, for 10 years the retary of the FAQ Commission on Plant Ge­ an overview on these issues. Special view­ U.S. National Committee for World Food Day netic Resources, Geoffrey Hawtin, director­ point paper included in the packet and do­ has offered a teleconference on critical food general of the International Board for Plant nated by their authors came from R. David policy issues to colleges and universities in Genetic Resources, and Hope Shand, research Simpson and Roger A. Sedjo of Resources for director of the Rural Advancement Founda­ the Future, Jeffrey A. McNeely of the Inter­ the United States, and through the facilities of tion International. The moderator was CBS­ national Union for the Conservation of Na­ the U.S. Information Agency WorldNet service TV Washington reporter Miriam Hernandez. ture and Natural Resources, Stephen A. to embassies and institutions through the F AO Director-General Edouard Saouma and Vosti of the International Food Policy Re­ Western Hemisphere. In 1993, WorldNet also the Secretary of Agriculture Mike Espy also search Institute through the courtesy of Di- April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7601 versity Magazine, Dr. Juan Izquierdo of the out that people in general were aware of only was the sunflower, while all the major crops F AO Regional Office for Latin America, and a small part of the biodiversity represented came from other parts of the world and our Vice-President Al Gore as author of the book in their food, comparing the few kinds of ap­ plant breeders and genetic engineers are still "Earth in the Balance." The vice-president ples sold in stores to the more than 80,000 dependent on these genetic resources for (then senator) was a World Food Day tele­ types of rice held in seed storage by the vital plant improvements. The early plant conference panelist in 1989. For the fourth International Rice Research Institute in the breeders in the Third World are given no re­ year the packet also included a special Philippines. The genebanks, he said, had turn for centuries of work, she said, a fact "manual of modules" for integrating the been able to save the huge number of plant leading to the concept of "farmers' rights" teleconference and study packet into college species that otherwise would have been lost now under discussion in UN agencies such as curriculum and continuing education pro­ through agricultural modernization in past F AO. Esquinas agreed, asking why it should grams. Twelve specific course outlines and decades, and that these seeds were the basic be that a new variety always is based on the study activities contributed by university stock used by plant breeders to create new combination of natural resources and new professors using the materials in their own and better food varieties. technology, but compensation is provided to teaching were included as well as an organiz­ Dr. Bennetzen noted that storage in the side with the technology but not to the ing plan for arranging the teleconference genebanks has to be complemented by con­ supplier of the raw materials (i.e., the ge­ site programs. servation of wild relatives of crop seeds in a netic resources). It was for this reason, he This was the tenth study/action packet, state of nature. Seeds of crop plants, he said, said, that F AO member countries had agreed prepared in conjunction with the teleconfer­ represented only a tenth on one percent of to the concept of compensation to the ge­ ence series and the fifth to be undertaken di­ the total genetic materials extant and that netic suppliers under the term farmers' rectly by the U.S. National Committee for more needs to be done to protect these natu­ rights. World Food Day. Previous packets were pre­ ral preserves as well as building up the The panel then turned to the issues of pared by the Center for Advanced Inter­ genebank network. plant patents and how farmers' rights could national Studies at Michigan State Univer­ Hope Shand then pointed out the vital link be implemented. Bennetzen noted that the sity and by the Office of International Agri­ between genetic diversity and sustainable issue went beyond agricultural seed compa­ culture at the University of Illinois. Funding agriculture and the contribution made by nies and had to include pharmaceuticals, for the 1993 packet was partially provided by farmers over millennia in plant selection and which have developed the concept of patent­ the Agency for International Development. breeding. It is critically important, she said, ing even faster. There was a history, he said, General funding for the teleconference pro­ that the small individual farmers around the for both pharmaceutical and plant protec­ gram was provided by the U.S. National world maintain control of their own seeds tion patents. The issue is complicated, he Committee for World Food Day, FAO, Cov­ and plant varieties but that this control is said, because there is no doubt that the tech­ enant Presbyterian Church of Scranton PA being lost with the introduction of "high nology side reaps greater rewards than the and the Xerox Foundation. yielding varieties" sold by international genetic material suppliers, but that the ar­ TELECONFERENCE OUTREACH seeds companies. Shand defined biodiversity gument is also made that patents and plant as the total diversity of life on earth, includ­ protection are vital incentives to plant The WFD teleconference has grown each ing all living organisms, genes and species year since it was begun in 1984. Teleconfer­ breeding, at least in the private sector. ence impact continued to grow in 1993 in at and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Shand disagreed that the patenting systems least three other ways. For the eighth year Bennetzen added a point on the importance were that old, especially in comparison with of biodiversity to biotechnology, noting that the centuries taken by farmers in their plant the program was used by professional organi­ genes cannot be created in a laboratory but zations for continuing education credits. selection and breeding. For people in the These credits (or professional development only modified. Biotechnology, he said, is Third World, she noted, they find themselves units) were offered again in 1993 by the simply a tool by which biodiversity is uti­ in the position of playing royalties on prod­ American Dietetic Association, the Amer­ lized more efficiently. ucts that are based on their own knowledge ican Home Economics Association and The panel then discussed the causes of bio­ and their own genetic resources. through the Catholic University of America diversity shrinkage, with each panelist ana­ Hawtin noted .that part of the concern is to clergy and social service professionals. lyzing the impact of modern high-yield plant the use of patent legislation per se over new Beginning in 1989 there has been a steady varieties in the previous decades. Esquinas life forms, which is very new. Plant protec­ rise in teleconference participation by high noted that the slow, farmer-based evolution tion rights are older, he noted, and have very school students, initiated by both individual of crop seeds over hundreds of years had sud­ different characteristics from plant patents. schools and school systems. The audience of denly given way to modern science, mass Plant protection, he said, still allowed farm­ home television sets accessed by cooperating production and commercial distribution, and ers to produce and store their own seed and networks is believed to be in the millions, that the substitution of traditional varieties allows researchers to use a seed as a parent had been very rapid. Shand added that the in new research and development. Plant reached through the Catholic Telecommuni­ new varieties were very uniform genetically cations Network of America, AgSat, Vision breeders traditionally use previous years' Interfaith Satellite Network, PBS Adult and more vulnerable than the older tradi­ new lines as the starting point for further tional varieties which held greater genetic development. Patents, he said, call all of this Learning Satellite Service and individual complexity. Hawtin noted that these prob­ PBS and cable stations. into legal question-even the right of farm­ lems needed to be balanced by the enormous ers to store seeds from year to year. It is THE TELECONFERENCE BROADCAST SUMMARY increase in production introduced by the new using a host of legislation not originally The telecast opened with a brief back­ varieties which has enabled farmers to keep meant for life forms, and that leads to un­ ground statement by the moderator on the up with world population growth and even to tenable positions. importance of protecting the world's plant reduce the cost of basic foods, which he said Shand noted that all of this was going on genetic resources and the alarming rate of was especially important in poor regions. In without consideration of the international genetic loss in recent decades. F AO Director­ response to a question from the moderator, consequences. A system of industrial-like General Saouma, in his statement, then Hawtin also noted that a number of coun­ patents over life forms, she said, is leading noted the long history of F AO in protecting tries had been able to introduce high produc­ countries to restrict availability of genetic agricultural biodiversity and the expansion tion systems (seed, fertilizers, pesticides, resources under their sovereignty. Hawtin of programs in recent years falling under the etc.), but still make a major effort to protect added that this was, in fact, already begin­ concept of sustainable agriculture. The mod­ bi odi versi ty. ning. He said further that an unfortunate erator then introduced the panel and posed The panel then turned to national and side effect of the Rio Biodiversity Conven­ the first question to Dr. Esquinas, asking international issues of biodiversity protec­ tion has been to give many Third World him to explain how the biodiversity issues tion. Esquinas noted as a starting point the countries huge expectations of profit from are linked to the world's daily food supply. difficulty of incorporating biodiversity value their genetic resources, which will almost Esquinas noted that world food problems into modern economic terms. Market econo­ never be the case. Esquinas added that there were still very serious, with someone dying mies, he said, can only give a value based on was a further danger of great importance in of hunger causes every two seconds, and that current supply and demand, but the needs of that the main stimulus of scientists in the genetic resources were vital to food crop im­ future generations are left out of the eco­ past to do research and to publish findings provement. He also noted the emergence in nomic equation. Shand then added that the was recognition. With patent systems will recent years of a number of international or­ teleconference theme was "seeds of conflict" come to kind of secretism, he said, whereby ganizations and programs to deal with ge­ in part because genetic diversity is a natural research will be kept hidden until a mone­ netic resources, especially issues had resource of the poor countries of the world, tary profit is assured. Hawtin noted that evolved, specifically under the aegis of F AO. but is most needed and most used by the when the debate over genetic resources Geoffrey Hawtin, whose organization mon­ rich, without compensation. As an example, began the most often used understanding of itors the global network of "genebanks" she noted that the only food crop of any ownership was "the common heritage of where genetic resources are stored, pointed major importance originating in the U.S. mankind," that a good was owned jointly by 7602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 all people on earth. Now, he said, the com- sites included: How food production and bio­ have spent fortunes taking others to court to . mon heritage has been given over to national diversity conservation could be maintained share in the pain of undoing what they did in sovereignty. Bennetzen said he wanted to re­ in the light of rapid world population the old days of rampant pollution. And as turn to the needs of biotechnology. Genetic growth; What kind of system can reward anyone who has ever had anything to do with diversity is of no value unless it is utilized, those who develop new seeds, products, a civil lawsuit knows, going to court means or if it is stored and there is no effort to use drugs, etc., but without patents; Is it ethical delays and added costs heaped upon one an­ what is stored. The genetic engineering in­ or moral to conceive of patenting life forms; other. dustry cannot function unless there is a prof­ How will farmers be compensated in practice So it is no surprise that the slow-moving, it to be made, and the same is true of seed for their contributions under the concept of fine-grinding judicial system has thrown a companies. Repaying farmers in the Third farmers' rights. In general, all the panelists monkey wrench into the Superfund works, World is a good concept and worthwhile pur­ agreed on the need to find solutions to these frustrating virtually everyone involved. suing, he said, but we also have to recognize questions while admitting that the issues Now President Clinton has proposed an al­ the realities of modern industry. were extremely complex and none of the ternative method of financing the cleanups The moderator then asked where the inter­ basic problems could be said to be solved at via a surcharge on insurance companies and national community finds itself now in the this time. a system of mediation to replace the endless search for a consensus on all these issues. litigation. A coalition of corporations and Esquinas said that for the first time they insurance companies is backing something were at the point of a meeting of views. He SUPERFUND very similar. noted that he and Geoffrey Hawtin had re­ And environmentalists are in a panic. cently attended a meeting of the Biodiver­ "Any opening by Congress of the sity Committee in Geneva where a general HON. BARNEY FRANK Superfund law at this point is an environ­ framework for international cooperation was OF MASSACHUSETTS mental Pandora's box resulting in one of the nearly complete, including a fund for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most serious setbacks in environmental pol­ compensation of farmers' rights and a num­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 icy in 20 years," huffed Rick Hind of ber of components now being put in place, Greenpeace. He and others want to put off using the genebanks as an example. Twenty Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, for at least a year any rewrite of the years ago there were fewer than 10 properly we should proceed this year to the kind of re­ Superfund law; they fear that the polluters functioning genebanks in the world, he said, form of the Superfund law that the Clinton ad­ are in cahoots with the insurance companies while now there are . more than a hundred. ministration has proposed, and that many of to avoid forking over the money that is their The genebanks work with the Consultative our colleagues in the House have been advo­ responsibility. Group on International Agricultural Re­ cating. I am a cosponsor with the gentle­ But Greenpeace and others cannot possibly search, which is now, in turn, working with woman from Connecticut [Mrs. JOHNSON] of be happy with the lack of progress being F AO to create a truly global, interactive re­ made under Superfund as it is. If we are mar­ source network. Shand agreed that there had one approach to that, particularly affecting mu­ ried to the existing system, then we are been great progress, but that some of the nicipalities. And a broader overhaul is nec­ guaranteed year upon year of delay while we hopes of the Convention on Biological Diver­ essary. While some environmentalists have spend a third or more of the cleanup money sity were not yet fulfilled, including imple­ expressed concern about this, I think the at­ on lawyers. This cannot possibly be what Mr. mentation of the concept of farmers' rights. tached editorial from the New Bedford Stand­ Hind wants, and it is certainly not what Mr. She said many colleagues were concerned ard Times effectively refutes that argument Clinton wants. about a new tendency toward bilateral agree­ and makes a compelling case for going for­ So while it is reasonable to be suspicious ments-between one company and one gov­ about those polluters and insurers who ernment-rather than realization of a truly ward. The people of New Bedford, and the Standard Times which reports on their activi­ might want to escape responsibility, it is global system under auspices of an appro­ also sensible to realize that the Superfund priate UN agency. ties, have a good deal of experience with the law is so hamstrung by the judicial system With time short for further discussion, the strengths and weaknesses of the Superfund and the money chase that some way has to moderator asked each panelist to give site Program. This editorial from the Standard be found to speed things up. Unless, of participants one important point to take Times draws quite sensibly on the experience course, environmental lawyers are enjoying away with them. Hawtin said the overriding of New Bedford and of other industrial com­ too much of a good thing, too. lesson of the genetic diversity problem is that no country can be independent and all munities, and I believe it sets forward a very are interdependent; therefore, cooperation strong case for proceeding to reform and consensus were absolutely in the inter­ Superfund. Because it does deal so thought­ BRIGHT IDEA NETS ST. LOUIS ests of all. Shand said her point would be fully with a major issue before us, I ask that POSTAL EMPLOYEE $35,000 AWARD that it wasn't enough just to rescue the ge­ it be reprinted here. netic diversity and put it into a bank, but LEAVE SUPERFUND UNTOUCHED, AND YEARS OF HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY that it was even more important to recog­ DELAY GUARANTEED nize the need to continue the evolution of in­ OF MISSOURI New Bedford harbor has been on the Envi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES digenous farmer knowledge systems. ronmental Protection Agency's Superfund Bennetzen suggested that the key point was list since 1983. Sullivan's Ledge, near the Thursday, April 14, 1994 that biodiversity is absolutely vital, not just city's municipal golf course, has been on it Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take to future crop breeding but to basic science since 1984. The Re-Solve site in North Dart­ as well, and that this resource has to be pro­ this opportunity to offer my congratulations to mouth has been listed since 1983. And the Georgia Stribling, an account technician at the tected. Esquinas made two points: one, that Atlas Tack site in Fairhaven has been listed protecting biodiversity was not a matter for since 1990. Postal Service's St. Louis, MO, Accounting international charity but international co­ None of them has been cleaned up. The Re­ Service Center. Ms. Stribling recently became operation and the sharing of benefits; and solve site is well ahead of the others, having the first female to earn $35,000, the Postal two, that the world has to find a way to un­ been the subject of EPA attention from the Service's highest monetary award, for a sug­ derstand that the cost of a product must in­ moment it was put on the list. Re-Solve gestion implemented through the employee clude the cost of preserving the natural re­ early on was designated as a demonstration sources that will allow future generations to suggestion program. project to show the world what the 1980 Her idea involved a process to eliminate du­ consume the same product. Superfund law could do in action. But in 1994 THIRD HOUR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS it is still in progress. As for the others-they plicate payments on replacement money or­ As in previous years, the third hour of the lag far behind, for various reasons. ders. The use of the plan has saved the gov­ teleconference program was devoted to ques­ But they are not unique. There are dozens ernment more than $2 million and the savings tions directed to the panelists by the partici­ of Superfund hazardous waste sites in Massa­ will continue to mount on a year-to-year basis. pating sites. All questions received were an­ chusetts, and 1,289 listed across the United Ms. Stribling also had made many previous swered either on the air during this third States-a number expected to reach 3,000. suggestions for improving service and saving hour segment or by the panelists in writing Yet just 58 have been officially "de-listed," money. Nineteen of her ideas have been im­ afterward. These written answers are part of and 234 others have been cleaned but not yet plemented. She received bonus money for 16 this teleconference report. Questions were given official clearance. received from Canada, the U.S. and countries If anyone wants to know what is holding of these, but had never received more than of Latin America and the Caribbean. up the works, observe the old adage: Follow $800. Some of these suggestions resulted in Subjects in which there tended to be the the money. Paying for these cleanups is ex­ the elimination of duplicate work in the data greatest interest among the participating tremely expensive and those held responsible entry of the Treasury check information and April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7603 simplifying the process to find out when inter­ ance of anti-Semites in a city public school. That these 250 energetic members are so national money orders were issued simply by Only 50 years ago, an advanced, civilized na­ committed to providing the elderly and other suggesting the date be printed on the money tion exterminated one third of the world's Newburgh residents with social services in­ Jews. How could this be happening? orders. The microphones appeared defective, si­ deed warrants a moment to recognize their Ms. Stribling's 21 years of dedicated service lencing some of the speakers' words. "Build years of outstanding service. Club 60 stands with the Postal Service speak well for many bridges," the crowd was told but to whom? A dedicated to serving the senior community and loyal Postal workers who often go unheralded safe, sturdy bridge requires support at both its longevity speaks volumes to the role it has and Ms. Stribling most certainly deserves the ends. played in the Newburgh area, its dedication acclaim of all of us. In .\merica, Jews have become consum­ and its commitment. mate bridge builders. Organizations such as I look forward to supporting and champion­ the American Jewish Committee, the Anti­ ing the continued success of Club 60 and TRIBUTE TO REG! TAYLOR Defamation League, and religious social-ac­ tion groups devote themselves to justice and thank you, Mr. Speaker, for this opportunity to opportunity for all. American Jews preach recognize its 45th Anniversary. HON. NYDIA M. VEL\zQUFZ and practice equality, demonstrating against OF NEW YORK racism, writing against bigotry, teaching IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES against hate. AMENDMENTS TO THE INDIAN Jewish bigots are chastised by their com­ REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1993 Thursday, April 14, 1994 munity, not applauded as anti-Semites are Ms. VELAzQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise before today. Because of their religious beliefs, HON. Bill RICHARDSON their sense of justice and their history of you today to pay special tribute to the work of OF NEW MEXICO one of this Nation's great citizens, Mr. Regi persecution, Jews have made common cause with other minorities, especially black IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Taylor. An individual whose social conscience Americans. Thursday, April 14, 1994 and devoted community service make him a But for black extremists, like the Nation true role model for people throughout this of Islam and its bogus academic disciples, Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I am country. Black-Jewish relations have always been de­ pleased to be joined by my colleague from In recognizing Mr. Taylor's work, we must structive. Thus, civil-rights workers are Wyoming, Mr. THOMAS, in introducing a bill to make special mention of his artistic abilities really civil-wrong doers. According to the amend section 16 of the Indian Reorganization and the wonderful message of peace, love, Farrakhans the marches never happened Act. and unity that he has so masterfully conveyed legal battles were a myth, and Martin Lu­ This bill is intended to clarify certain provi­ ther King never dreamed. through his design of the official symbol of the Despite the faulty microphones, the dem­ sions of the Indian Reorganization Act to pro­ Foundation for Ethnic Understanding. At a onstrators understood the speakers' words, hibit any Department of the United States from time when our cities are plagued with violence words engraved in their memories of Jewish promulgating regulations which classify or di­ and fear, it is our responsibility as leaders to and black persecution. Were they wrong to minish the privileges and immunities of an In­ recognize and foster the spread of such mes­ protest? Were they exaggerating anti-Semi­ dian tribe relative to any other federally recog­ sages. I cannot emphasize enough the impor­ tism and offering publicity to black racists? nized Indian tribe. I have developed this legis­ tance of promoting cultural diversity and In the background, a faint chant, a counter­ lation to address a recent policy development awareness. Ours is a country based on the point to the speakers, grew louder as a dozen in the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The Bureau of or so white neo-nazis, flaunting swastika rich traditions of innumer~ble cultures-a flags, shouted "Sieg Heil" and pledged them­ Indian Affairs .has taken the position that there country filled with individuals whose back­ selves to white American purity. are two classifications of Indian tribes, historic grounds encompass the globe. Mr. Taylor's Against the dark sky, the gray concrete Indian tribes and created Indian tribes. Historic participation in the activities of the Foundation memorial witnessed the ironies. Across Indian tribes are Indian tribes that still possess for Ethnic Understanding, illustrates his com­ town, the anti-Semite Tony Martin, a black inherent sovereign authority of their members mitment to a doctrine of diversity and cultural professor, defamed Jews and nourished hate and their lands. Created Indian tribes are In­ wealth realization-pushing us to act in unison mongers. By the Holocaust Memorial, neo­ dian tribes that only possess those authorities for a better tomorrow. nazis claimed to march for white Christian that are expressly conferred by the Secretary America. On television a neo-nazi pro­ Mr. Taylor's and the Foundation's efforts for claimed that his group supported Mr. of the Interior. The Bureau of Indian Affairs the improvement of New York City's commu­ Farrakhan's message. cited the provisions of the Indian Reorganiza­ nity surroundings have been recognized and A bridge of hatred was being erected by tion of Act of 1934 in support of this authority appreciated by all who have benefited from bigots of different races. to divest certain Federally recognized Indian their time and service. Today, I ask my col­ Before it is too late, the speakers warned, tribes of their sovereign powers. leagues to join me in recognizing their service all decent Americans must speak out. Elect­ This distinction between historic and created to this country as a whole. From the 103rd ed officials and institutional representatives Indian tribes was first presented by the Bureau must refuse, for any reason, to excuse preju­ of Indian Affairs in testimony before my sub­ Congress, and on behalf of the American peo­ dice or negotiate with bigots. ple we thank Mr. Regi Taylor and the Founda­ Instead, a powerful alliance, an invincible committee during hearings on H.R. 734, a bill tion for Ethnic Understanding for their work bridge, must be forged by all freedom-loving to provide relief to the Pascua Yaqui Indian and wish them continued success. Americans. tribe of Arizona. The Bureau of Indian Affairs took the position that the Pascua Yaqui Indian tribe was a created Indian tribe and therefore BRIDGES TRIBUTE TO THE JUNIOR LEAGUE did not have the inherent authority to regulate OF NEWBURGH law and order on their reservation. Their posi­ HON. PETER DElITSCH tion was not persuasive then nor is it persua­ OF FLORIDA HON. MAURICE D. HINCHEY sive today. There is no basis in law or policy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK for the Bureau of Indian Affairs' position on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES historic and created Indian tribes. Thursday, April 14, 1994 Mr. Speaker, it has been a longstanding Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, in light of re­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 principle in Federal Indian law that Indian cent events, I would like to bring this editorial Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Speaker, it was 1949 tribes possess all inherent sovereign authori­ piece to the attention of my colleagues. It ran when the Junior League of Newburgh, NY, ties not expressly divested by the Congress. recently in the Baltimore Sun. had the wisdom to unite to form the Club 60 The policy that has been developed in the Bu­ BRIDGES senior citizen's club, which this year will cele­ reau of Indian Affairs flies in the face of this (By Evelyn Avery) brate its 45th anniversary. It's active and civic­ longstanding principle. In fact, policy is in di­ Last weekend a few hundred Americans of minded membership is well known to New­ rect conflict with the very act that the Bureau different faiths and races, shivering in the burgh residents and it is an honor and a privi­ of Indian Affairs has cited as authority for this wintry night air, assembled at Baltimore's lege to pay tribute to this long standing group distinction, the Indian Reorganization Act of Holocaust Memorial to protest the appear- of dedicated citizens. 1934. This law was passed by Congress to 7604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 provide stability for Indian governments and major steps toward integrating the urban plan­ BLIND ARE UNABLE TO READ has formed the basis for future statutes which ning profession by seeking to elect more Afri­ BRAILLE TODAY enhanced tribal self-governance and self-de­ can-American members to the board of direc­ termination. tors and recruit more minorities into the pro­ HON.JAMFSA. TRAFlCANf,JR. Mr. Speaker, there is great danger in a pol­ fession. OF OHIO icy that recognizes the authority of the Depart­ One decade later, in · 1978, under Israel IN THE HOUSE O}" REPRESENTATIVES ment of the Interior and the Bureau of Indian Stollman's steady guidance, the American So­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 Affairs to limit the inherent sovereign authority ciety of Planning Officials merged with the of Indian tribes by the Solicitor's pen. If carried American Institute of Planners to form the Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, according to to an extreme, the Solicitor could by fiat sig­ American Planning Association. Due in large goal five of the recently enacted Goals 2000: nificantly erode tribal sovereignty through a part to Israel Stollman's remarkable leadership Educate American Act: "By the year 2000, series of opinions and carry out his or her own capabilities, the American Planning Associa­ every American will be literate." Yet, nearly termination policy. With the exception of the tion has grown into a highly respected and im­ half of all blind elementary and secondary framework imposed by the judicial branch, the mensely effective organization. level students cannot read Braille or print. In fact, the numbers of the blind who can formulation of Indian policy is virtually the sole While Israel Stollman will be missed as the read at all are declining. In 1968, out of province of the Congress and Indian tribes. guiding force at the American Planning Asso­ 19,902 blind students enrolled in elementary The Congress has never acknowledged dis­ ciation, he will no doubt continue to contribute and secondary education, 40 percent read tinctions in or classifications of inherent sov­ to the field of urban planning. On. behalf of the Braille, 45 percent read large type or regular ereignty possessed by federal recognized In­ U.S. Congress, I would like to take this oppor­ print, and 4 percent read both. In January, dian tribes. Tribal sovereignty must be pre­ tunity to pay tribute to Israel Stellman and his 1993, out of 50,204 blind students, fewer than served and protected by the executive branch decades of service to the field of urban plan­ 9 percent could read Braille, 27 percent could and not limited or divided into levels which are ning and our Nation. read print, and 40 percent could not read at measured by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and all. In other words, while there are 40,000 the Department of the Interior. I have intro­ TRIBUTE TO WASmNGTON SCHOOL more blind children in school today, only 30 duced this legislation with the ranking member percent can read-a far cry from 95 percent in of the subcommittee on Native American Af­ 1968. These figures reflect the shocking mag­ fairs to put a stop to this policy before great HON. BARNEY FRANK nitude of the literacy crisis among the visually harm occurs. We must not revisit the darkest · OF MASSACHUSETTS impaired in our Nation today. period of Federal Indian policy by allowing the Basic literacy skills are a fundamental part termination of tribal sovereign authority HON. ROBERT MENENDFZ of education. Undoubtedly, impaired vision can through the implementation of the Bureau of OF NEW JERSEY have a profound impact on reading and writing Indian Affairs policy distinction between his­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES skills. Therefore, the selection of instructional toric and created Indian tribes. Thursday, April 14, 1994 materials and methodology such as Braille, I urge my colleagues to support this legisla­ large print, auditory instruction, or combina­ Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, tion. tions thereof is a key decision in improving the I offer these remarks on behalf of myself and literacy rate among the blind. my colleague from New Jersey, Mr. Language designed to increase literacy TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL STOLLMAN MENENDEZ. He and I have something very among the visually impaired through the use much in common besides the fact that we are and combinations of jnstructional materials HON. MARCY KAP'IUR both proud to be Members of this House-a has been enacted in 25 States. These State OF OHIO fondness for Bayonne, NJ, .which he currently laws, as written, generally require blind stu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES represents in ·the House, and where I was dents to receive a Braille literacy skills assess­ born, grew up, and went through school. Thursday, April 14, 1994 ment to determine whether a student's visual One of the schools I had the privilege of at­ impairment affects his or her ability to read Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, it is my great tending was Washington School, which I at­ and write proficiently. The proficiency stand­ honor to pay tribute to one of the pioneers in tended from kindergarten through eighth ard, identical for the visually impaired and their the field of urban planning, Mr. Israel grade, and which is celebrating its 75th anni­ sighted counterparts, is based on the student's Stoll man. As an urban planner myself, Israel versary this year. I have very fond memories ability and grade level. Stollman represents the best our profession of the years I spent at that school; as does my The Traficant "Braille Literacy Amendment" has to offer-a desire and ability to make the entire family, since my two sisters and my which I had intended to offer under H.R. 6, the world a better and more aesthetically pleasing brother also received their entire elementary Improving America's Schools Act is in es­ place to live. It is those qualities that attracted school education at Washington School. Be­ sence, the same language enacted in 25 me, and thousands of other students, to the tween my sister Ann's entering kindergarten, States. The Traficant amendment would have discipline of urban planning. going through the years when I and my sister extended this language to all 50 States, re­ Israel Stollman has given his vocation 45 Doris attended, and ending with my brother quiring all States to develop a literacy plan for years of distinguished service. Beginning in David's graduation from eighth grade, my the blind and to manage existing funding to 1947 when he graduated with a major in hous­ mother logged 21 years consecutively as a match those needs. ing and planning from the City College of New member of the Washington School PTA. During consideration of H.R. 6, the Improv­ York and through to his position as executive Mr. MENENDEZ and I are delighted to join in ing America's Schools Act, several representa­ director of the American Planning Association, extending our congratulations to Principal tive organizations of the blind community, as Israel Stellman has been a pioneer in his pro­ Carol Grasz and all of the students, faculty, well as the committee itself, had objections to fession. and other staff at Washington School for the certain provisions and definitions in the As a native Ohioan, I am especially pleased excellent job they continue to do in the field of amendment. As a result, I respectfully with­ that many of the cities in my State benefited education. I was particularly pleased to note drew my amendment from consideration under from Israel Stollman's guidance and foresight. that the event will take place in the John C. H.R. 6. From the beginning of his Ohio days as a jun­ Josefowicz Auditorium. Mr. Josefowicz, as I of The issues of the declining rate of literacy ior planner with the Cleveland Planning Com­ course always called him, was the principal for among t119 visually impaired was first brought mission to his creation of the City and Re­ most of my years in the school and for years to my attention by the National Federal of the gional Planning Department at Ohio State Uni­ after. He was an outstanding educator, and I Blind. My intent, however, was and still is to versity, Israel Stollman's impact on Ohio and am delighted to join in honoring the memory of assist the entire blind community. My intent is on the field of urban planning is surpassed the excellent work he did there. to ensure that every American, regardless of only by his impact on the Nation as a whole. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of Mr. MENENDEZ race, religion, economic background, or phys­ In 1968, Israel Stollman was appointed the and myself, I am pleased to note the very ical disability, is literate or is given every op­ executive director of the Ameri~an Society of happy occasion of the 75th anniversary of portunity to perform to the best of his or her Planning Officials. During his tenure, he took Washington School. ability. April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7605 Representative organizations of blind com­ quirements would make most textbooks read­ countries have made by moving to integrate munity and I are currently in the process of ily available in Braille at a minimal cost. The them into the NATO Alliance. negotiating and working together to reach a development of a national disk depository from The NATO Expansion Act of 1994 will help consensus on language that everyone, includ­ which States could borrow could greatly defray achieve this goal by declaring the sense of ing the committee, can agree upon. The Trafi­ costs as well. Congress that Poland, Hungary, the Czech cant amendment is the foundation from which Finally, the Traficant amendment does not Republic, and Slovakia should be made full a consensus will be derived. With the support authorize new funding. The amendment re­ NATO members by 1999 at the latest-5 of the blind community, I stand ready to sub­ quires schools for the blind to develop a lit­ years after the establishment of the Partner­ mit the consensus agreement to the commit­ eracy plan. By developing a plan, evaluating ship for Peace, provided they satisfy criteria tee once it has been finalized. the reading level of the students, and obtain­ specified in the bill. Among these criteria are The basic provisions of the Traficant ing digital texts for cost-effective reproduction, continued progress toward establishing demo­ amendment, which in principle will be main­ schools will be better able to manage existing cratic institutions, free market economies, civil­ tained in the consensus agreement are as fol­ funding to meet the needs of the students. Of ian control of their armed forces, protection of lows: the 25 States that have already established a minority rights, and the rule of law. The first section calls for an individual as­ similar program, all have done so with minimal Further, the bill will authorize the President sessment of each student's literacy skills. or no additional cost. Schools for the blind cur­ to provide transition assistance to these coun­ Based on the assessment, each student would rently receive a direct Federal appropriation tries in order to facilitate their integration into then receive an appropriate level of instruction for literacy programs under IDEA. This appro­ NATO. Such assistance, which could include of Braille to ensure the student is able to read priation has been in existence since 1879. The the provision of excess United States defense and write on the same level as their sighted 1994 appropriation for IDEA was $6.5 million. articles and other forms of security assistance, counterparts. will be designed to encourage and support Under the current system, if a visually im­ joint military exercises, greater interoperability paired student has some visual acuity, he or INTRODUCTION OF NATO of military equipment and air defense systems, she is taught to read standard print. This is EXPANSION ACT OF 1994, H.R. 4210 and conformity of military doctrine. Such as­ appropriate for most children, but there are sistance will be drawn from existing resources some with progressive eye conditions who will HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN and will not increase foreign aid spending. lose sight as time goes on. As the print OF NEW YORK The bill does not limit the possibility of shrinks, as the white space and pictures dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NA TO membership to the four countries identi­ appear, and as the assignments lengthen, the Thursday, April 14, 1994 fied in the bill. To the contrary, it opens the student finds it more and more difficult to ac­ Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have today in­ door to NATO membership for other European complish the simple task of reading, let alone troduced the NATO Expansion Act of 1994, countries emerging from Communist domina­ the more complex task of learning the mate­ H.R. 4210. tion by authorizing the President to provide rial. Without fundamental Braille instruction in This bill is intended to help adapt one of the them NATO transition assistance if he deter­ the early grades, the student is forced to learn great institutions of the cold war-the North mines they are on track for NATO member­ it years later when it is more difficult, falling Atlantic Treaty Organization-to the post-Cold ship. further and further behind his peers. The War era. At the same time, it will recognize The countries of Central and Eastern Eu­ amendment inst1 ucts parents and teachers to the great progress that the countries of rope are concerne~with good cause-about take steps to ensure that literacy will be re­ Central and Eastern Europe have made since whether NA TO will · recognize the progress tained by the child into adulthood, regardless the demise of communism and the fall of the they have made and provide for their legiti­ of the medium used to achieve this goal, and Iron Curtain in 1989. mate security concerns. The NATO Expansion instructs the teaching of an alternative medium An important first step in this direction was Act of 1994 will give the President the legal if print will not meet this standard. Braille in­ taken at the NA TO summit last January, with authority and congressional support he needs struction, based on an assessment of a stu­ the establishment of the Partnership for for continued American leadership in adapting dent's literacy skills and physical disability, is Peace. The Partnership for Peace provided a NA TO to the post-cold war era. necessary component in any literacy program mechanism for stepped-up cooperation be­ Mr. Speaker, I request that the full text of for the blind. tween NATO and the emerging democracies the NA TO Expansion Act of 1994 be inserted The second section establishes teacher of Central and Eastern Europe, but it stopped at this point in the RECORD. competency standards for Braille instruction short of promising eventual NATO member­ H.R. 4210 and specialized training for special and gen­ ship to those countries. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ eral education teachers. The strong interest of those countries in resentatives of the United States of America in Under the current system, an applicant for forging closer ties to NATO is demonstrated Congress assembled, teacher certification to teach the visually im­ by the fact that 14 of them already have joined SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. paired may have attended a college or univer­ the Partnership. At the same time, a number This Act may be cited as the "NATO Ex­ pansion Act of 1994". sity which passes students without making of them have expressed disappointment that them demonstrate competence in reading and SEC. 2. FINDINGS. NA TO has not done more to acknowledge The Congress makes the following findings: writing Braille. Under the Improving America's their progress and provide for their legitimate (1) On January 10, 1994, the leaders of the School Ac~ we required all general education security concerns. NATO member nations meeting in Brussels, teachers to be masters in any subject area The Partnership for Peace was a good start, Belgium, issued an invitation to European that they teach. Braille instructors should be but it is now time to go farther. We cannot af­ countries that do not belong to NATO to par­ held to the same standard by demonstrating ford continued ambiguity while nations with ticipate in a program of expanded coopera­ competency in reading and writing Braille. strong roots in Western culture and a growing tion with NATO called the Partnership for The third section facilitates production of commitment to democratic values struggle in Peace. Braille and digital texts and materials at es­ (2) In that invitation, the leaders of the the shadow of uncertainty. NATO member nations stated: "We reaffirm sentially no cost to education agencies or text­ In particular, Poland, Hungary, the Czech that the Alliance, as provided in Article 10 of book publishers. The digital format would give Republic, and Slovakia have demonstrated the Washington Treaty, remains open to the local education agencies ready access and re­ their commitment to economic and political re­ membership of other European states in a production of Braille an printed text with very form and to the values for which NATO position to further the principles of the little time and expense. stands. It is increasingly apparent that they Treaty and to contribute to the security of Until about 5 years ago, the only way to are now, or soon will be, in a position to fur­ the North Atlantic area. We expect and produce a Braille book was for someone to sit ther the principles of the North Atlantic Treaty would welcome NATO expansion that would down with a printed copy of the book and and to contribute to the security of the North reach to democratic states to our East, as part of an evolutionary process, taking into copy it into Braille with a Braille writer, one let­ Atlantic area, satisfying the test for admission account political and security developments ter at a time. With a digitized version of the to NATO under Article 10 of that Treaty. in the whole of Europe.". book, books can be produced by computers The United States and NATO must dem­ (3) The political and economic trans­ as easily as it could be printed. Digital text re- onstrate their recognition of the progress these formation of the formerly communist-ruled 7606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 countries of Europe has been under way (a), the President may provide to the coun­ (A) an assessment of the progress of such since 1989. In establishing a new Strategic tries described in such subsection the follow­ countries toward establishing democratic in­ Concept for NATO in November 1991, the ing types of security assistance: stitutions, free market economies, civilian leaders of the NATO member nations ob­ (1) The transfer of excess defense articles control of their armed forces, and the rule of served: "All the countries that were for­ under section 516 of Foreign Assistance Act law; and merly adversaries of NATO have dismantled of 1961, without regard to the restrictions in (B) the commitment of such countries in the Warsaw Pact and rejected ideological paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection (a) of protecting the rights of all their citizens and hostility to the West. They have in varying such section (relating to the eligibility of respecting the territorial integrity of their degrees, embraced and begun to implement countries for such articles under such sec­ neighbors; policies aimed at achieving pluralistic de­ tion). (2) a description of all assistance provided mocracy, the rule of law, respect for human (2) The transfer of nonlethal excess defense under the program established under section rights and a market economy.". articles under section 519 of Foreign Assist­ 4, or otherwise provided by the United States (4) In particular, Poland, Hungary, the ance Act of 1961, without regard to the re­ Government to facilitate the transition to Czech Republic, and Slovakia have made sig­ striction in subsection (a) of such section full NATO membership of Poland, Hungary, nificant progress toward establishing demo­ (relating to the justification of the foreign the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and other Eu­ cratic institutions, free market economies, military financing program for the fiscal ropean countries emerging from communist civilian control of their armed forces, and year in which a transfer is authorized). domination designated by the President pur­ the rule of law since the fall of their previous (3) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of suant to section 4(e); communist governments. the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating (3) a description of all assistance provided SEC. 3. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. to the Economic Support Fund). by other NATO member nations or NATO it­ It is the sense of the Congress that- (4) Assistance under chapter 5 of part II of self to facilitate the transition to full NATO (1) the leaders of the NATO member na­ that Act (relating to international military membership of Poland, Hungary, the Czech tions are to be commended for reaffirming education and training). Republic, Slovakia, and other European that NATO membership remains open to Eu­ (5) Assistance under section 23 of the Arms countries emerging from communist domina­ ropean countries emerging from communist Export Control Act (relating to the "Foreign tion designated by the President pursuant to domination and for welcoming eventual ex­ Military Financing Program"). section 4(e); and pansion of NATO to include such countries; (d) ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE.-ln addition to (4) a description cf any agreement entered (2) Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, the security assistance provided under sub­ into pursuant to section 5. and Slovakia should be in a position to fur­ section (c), the President may, in carrying SECTION 7. DEFINITIONS. ther the principles of the North Atlantic out the program established under sub­ For purposes of this Act, the following Treaty and to contribute to the security of section (a), provide assistance from funds ap­ definitions apply: the North Atlantic area not later than Janu­ propriated after the date of the enactment of (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT­ ary 10, 1999, 5 years from the date of the es­ this Act under the following accounts: TEES- The term "appropriate congressional tablishment of the Partnership for Peace, (1) The "Nonproliferation and Disar­ committees" means the Committee on For­ and, in accordance with Article 10 of such mament Fund" account. eign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Serv­ (2) The "Countries in Transition" account. Treaty, should be invited to become full (e) DESIGNATION OF OTHER EUROPEAN COUN­ ices, and the Committee on Appropriations NATO members not later than that date, TRIES EMERGING FROM COMMUNIST DOMINA­ of the House of Representatives and the provided these countries- Committee on Foreign Relations, the Com­ (A) maintain their progress toward estab­ TION .-The President may designate other European countries emerging from com­ mittee on Armed Services and the Commit­ lishing democratic institutions, free market tee on Appropriations of the Senate. economies, civilian control of their armed munist domination to receive assistance (2) NATO.-The term "NATO" means the forces, and the rule of law; and under the program established under sub­ North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (B) remain committed to protecting the section (a) if the President determines and (3) OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES EMERGING rights of all their citizens and respecting the reports to the appropriate congressional FROM COMMUNIST DOMINATION.-The term territorial integrity of their neighbors; committees that such countries- "other European countries emerging from (3) the United States, other NATO member (!) have made significant progress toward communist domination" means- nations, and NATO itself should furnish ap­ establishing democratic institutions, a free (A) Any member of the Conference on Se­ propriate assistance to facilitate the transi­ market economy, civilian control of their curity and Cooperation in Europe located­ tion of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, armed forces, and the rule of law; and (!) in the territory of the former Union of (2) are likely, within 5 years of such deter­ and Slovakia to full NATO membership not Soviet Socialist Republics; or later than January 10, 1999; and mination, to be in a position to further the (ii) in the territory of the former Socialist (4) other European countries emerging principles of the North Atlantic Treaty and Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; or from communist domination may be in a po­ to contribute to the security of the North (B) Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, sition at a future date to further the prin­ Atlantic area. Bulgaria, or Albania. ciples of the North Atlantic Treaty and to SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF STATUS OF FORCES con tribute to the security of the North At­ AGREEMENTS. lan tic area, and at the appropriate time they The President is authorized to confer, pur­ NATIONAL NEIGHBOR DAY should receive assistance to facilitate their suant to agreement with any country eligi­ transition to full NATO membership and ble to participate in the Partnership for Peace, rights in respect of the military and HON. JACK REED should be invited to become full NATO mem­ OF RHODE ISLAND bers. related civilian personnel (including depend­ ents of any such personnel) and activities of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SEC. 4 AUTHORITY FOR PROGRAM TO FACILI­ TATE TRANSITION TO NATO MEM· that country in the United States com­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 BERSHIP parable to the rights conferred by that coun­ (a) IN GENERAL.-The President may estab­ try in respect of the military and related ci­ Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ lish a program to assist the transition to full vilian personnel (including dependents of troduce a Resolution designating May 22, NATO membership of Poland, Hungary, the any such personnel) and activities of the 1994, as National Neighbor Day. Czech Republic, Slovakia, and other Euro­ United States in that country. The neighborhoods we once knew as pean countries emerging from communist SEC. 6. REPORTING REQUIREMENT. places of peace and harmony are now en­ domination designated by the President pur­ (a) IN GENERAL.-Not later than 1 year gaged in the fight against the rising tide of suant to subsection (e). after the date of enactment of this Act, and crime and violence. One of the saddest results at least once every year thereafter, the (b) CONDUCT OF PROGRAM.-The program es­ of this increasing crime is that neighbors fear tablished under subsection (a) shall facili­ President shall submit to the appropriate tate the transition to full NATO membership congressional committees a report on the for their safety and become alienated from of the countries described in such subsection implementation of this Act. one another. by supporting and encouraging, inter alia- (b) CONTENTS.-Each such report shall in­ Two years ago, my constituents in Westerly, (1) joint planning, training, and military clude- RI, came up with the idea of celebrating exercises with NATO forces; (1) an assessment of the progress made by Neighbor Day as a way of reaching out to (2) greater inter operability of military Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, none another, introducing themselves to new Solvakia, and other European countries equipment, air defense systems, and com­ neighbors and renewing old friendships. With mand, control, and communications systems; emerging from communist domination des­ and ignated by the President pursuant to section parties, and open house gatherings, Neighbor (3) conformity of military doctrine. 4(e) toward meeting the standards for NATO Day in Westerly gave people a sense of (C) TYPE OF ASSISTANCE.-ln carrying out membership set forth in Article 10 of the neighborhood pride and positive community the program established under subsection North Atlantic Treaty, including- spirit. April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7607 Neighbor Day has now been adopted WORK FORCE SKILLS AND employers and employee representatives insti­ throughout the entire State of Rhode Island DEVELOPMENT LOAN BILL tuting programs providing work force skills and and I believe the next logical step is to adopt development upgrading. a National Neighbor Day. Through the creation HON. STEVE GUNDERSON As a Nation, we need to reexamine the of a National Neighbor Day, we can bring peo­ OF WISCONSIN proper Federal role in the preparation and ple across America closer together and over­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reskilling of the U.S. work force. As a part of come the atmosphere of fear and mistrust that that transition we must move away from the Thursday, April 14, 1994 comes with changing times. "reactionary policies indicative of our current Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join Mr. GUNDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I am Federal job training programs which wait until me, along with my nearest congressional pleased to introduce legislation on behalf of workers are laid off, then send them through neighbor, Congressman RON MACHTLEY, in co­ myself, and Representatives GOODLING, PETRI, a job training system which is oftentimes out sponsoring this legislation. CASTLE, HOBSON, SHAYS, JOHNSTON, of touch with the true needs of both workers POSHARD, designed to charter a new course and the work place. Federal policies should in­ for the Federal Government in meeting the stead be proactive and recognize the value of training needs of the U.S. work force. training existing workers as a means of provid­ LEGACY OF GOLD MOUNTAIN The Work Force Skills and Development ing increased job security and as a way to Loan bill creates opportunities for businesses meet the needs and changes in our competi­ HON. ROBERT T. MA'IBUI to obtain State guaranteed loans for the pur­ tive economy. pose of upgrading the skills of their work OF CALIFORNIA force. Although many employers are aware of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the benefits of such training, few have the re­ THE AUBURN INDIAN Thursday, April 14, 1994 sources necessary to institute such programs. RESTORATION ACT Furthermore, many businesses find it difficult Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to to secure loans from banks and other lenders HON. GEORGE MlllER pay tribute to the Chinese American Council of for the purpose of work force investment. Sacramento and the Sacramento History Mu­ OF CALIFORNIA The need for upgrading the skills of our Na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seum. These two organizations have formed a tion's workers should not be underestimated. partnership which has yielded Legacy of Gold A study by the Competitiveness Policy Council Thursday, April 14, 1994 Mountain, an exhibition which celebrates and found that approximately 40 percent of busi­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, chronicles the rich history of the Sacramento's ness executives say they cannot modernize today I am introducing the Auburn Indian Res­ Chinese community from 1850 to the present. their equipment due to worker skill defi­ toration Act. The bill is cosponsored by Rep­ On April 8, 1994, the exhibit will be unveiled ciencies. In addition to promoting the imple­ resentative DOOLITTLE and I note that the tribe during a reception at the Sacramento History mentation of new technologies, skills upgrad­ is located in the district. The bill is also co­ Museum in Old Sacramento. ing has been documented to result in a host sponsored by Representative RICHARDSON, the This project does the import job of acknowl­ of other positive outcomes including increased chairman of the Subcommittee on Native edging and validating the legacy of the Chi­ productivity, quality improvements, and de­ American Affairs. nese in their quest for a better life in a new creased job related injuries. In fact, studies of The bill restores the rights and privileges of land; a quest familiar in chronicles of the Euro­ work force development programs show em­ Indian tribes to the United Auburn Indian Com­ peans' trek to early America, yet sometimes ployers' return on investment for every dollar munity. This Indian tribe was terminated by overlooked with regard to others' immigration. spent on job training is at a rate of $3. Congress under the act of August 18, 1958 By focusing on the community that settled in The benefits to the employees are equally (P.L. 85-671). Sacramento, this exhibition spotlights people impressive. Employees who receive formal The policy of terminating Indian tribes during very real and relevant to this community. The skill upgrading enjoy earnings advantages of the 1950's was a dismal failure. The termi­ exhibition planning committee devoted hours 25 percent or more over those with no such nation policy simply meant severing the Fed­ of research to the project, scouring govern­ training. They also benefit from increased job eral trust responsibility which flows from the ment records, newspapers, public and private security and mobility in the event they do lose United States to Indian tribes. Although this collections of photographs, manuscripts, cor­ their job. Unfortunately, not enough of this trust relationship was promised to last into respondence, journals, and business and as­ type of training is being provided. It is esti­ perpetuity through treaties and statutes, during sociation records, and conducted extensive mated that nationally, only about 7 percent of the 1950's the Congress unilaterally deter­ personal interviews to ensure that visitors who the work force is receiving formal training. Re­ mined that it would end the trust relationship travel through this exhibit actually travel cent statistics have found of the roughly 2 mil­ between the Federal Government and several through time. lion workers who are losing their jobs, nearly Indian tribes. The Auburn Rancheria was ter­ The result is an outstanding community and one quarter lack the skills being demanded in minated under a 1958 act which ended the cultural resource. The exhibit follows the trials the U.S. economy. Many of these dislocated trust relationship with 41 California and tribulations of the Chinese through their workers end up in government administered . Rancherias. involvement in gold mining, railroading, busi­ job training programs which are often unable The results of the Federal terminatiqn policy ness, reclamation, and agriculture. It examines to provide training which has the same quality were increased poverty and despair among the effects of the anti-Chinese movements of and relevancy as that provided in the work­ terminated tribes. Many tribal members were the late 1800's through the emergence and place. It is well documented that providing forced on to State welfare rolls. Others relo­ disappearance of Sacramento's first China­ skills upgrading and other early intervention cated from tribal lands, were dispersed and town, and documents the record wave of im­ services to workers facing dislocation, is one ceased to act as tribes. migration and the ensuing creation of a sec­ of the most successful means of both averting In 1973, the Menominee Tribe of Wisconsin ond Chinatown. dislocation or drastically reducing the time of which had been terminated, petitioned the The five chronological slices of history which unemployment should dislocation occur. Congress for restoration. Because these tribes comprise the exhibit, vividly chronicles the The Work Force Development and Skills were terminated by statute, legislative restora­ lives of Chinese men and women as they Loan Program is designed to meet the work tion was the only way to restore the Federal slowly evolved from sojourner to settler to citi­ force skill needs of both employers and em­ trust responsibility. The fight to restore Me­ zen. The exhibit underscores the essential role ployees. Using a small portion of funds cur­ nominee was led successfully by Ada Deer education plays in fostering understanding and rently under the Secretary of Labor's discre­ who today is the Assistant Secretary for Indian respect for our Nation's many diverse cultures. tionary funds under title Ill of the Job Training Affairs at the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Indeed, Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join Partnership Act, matching grants would be times have changed. me in saluting the Chinese American Council made available to States for the purpose of Since Ada Deer and the Menominee led the of Sacramento and the Sacramento History establishing work force skills and development way 20 years ago, almost all of the approxi­ Museum for their outstanding work in the cre­ reserve funds. Working with financial institu­ mately 120 terminated tribes have been re­ ation of Legacy of Gold Mountain. tions, States would make loans available to stored. 7608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 The Catawba of South Carolina were re­ Holocaust in Hungary. On March 19, 1944, Today, we solemnly remember one of the stored by statute last year. There are still sev­ Nazi German military forces occupied Hungary darkest days in Hungary's history; Nazi Ger­ eral tribes who remain terminated. The res­ and began the systematic eradication of Hun­ many occupied Hungary on March 19, 1994. gary's Jewish population. Under the malevo­ The relatively short but extremely violent toration of the California Rancherias will truly German occupation has disastrous con­ signal an end to the unfortunate era. The bill lent direction of Adolf Eichmann, in a few short sequences for the whole nation, and espe~ is the first step for the Auburn Indian Commu­ months, the Jewish population of Hungary was cially the country's Jewish community. nity. reduced from 750,000 to only 139,000. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarian Jews Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to sup­ Mr. Speaker, in to commemorate the 50th were to be deported to concentration camps. port the restoration of the Auburn Indian Com­ anniversary of the Holocaust in Hungary, a Most of them never came back. We, the sur­ munity. special remembrance ceremony was held on vivors and the descendants, must perform March 20 in New York City under the sponsor­ the duty of the eternal survivor: never again ship of the U.S. Commission for the Preserva­ may we let history unfold in such a way that CELEBRATING THE INSTALLATION hate and greed· gain space. tion of America's Heritage Abroad, the World This most tragic day coincides ·with an­ OF RABBI BORUCH HALEVI Federation of Hungarian Jews, the American other event of historic significance: one hun­ LEIZEROWSKI Gathering/Federation of Jewish Holocaust Sur­ dred years ago today, on March 20, 1894. vivors, and the Emanuel Foundation. On that Lajos Kossuth, the leader of the 1848-49 Hun­ HON. JERROLD NADLER occasion two moving messages were read garian revolution and freedom-fight, died in OF NEW YORK from Hungarian leaders-the President of the exile in Turin, Italy. Lajos Kossuth was a re­ Republic of Hungary Arpad Gonez and the markable advocate of the emancipation of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Hungarian Jews. During the short term Minister of Foreign Affairs Geza Jeszenszky. Thursday, April 14, 1994 in office of Kossuth as governing president, Mr. Speaker, I am placing in the Record an emancipation bill was passed which was Mr. NADLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to their messages on this occasion, and I urge quite unprecedented in the whole of Europe. join my many neighbors in saluting Rabbi my colleagues to carefully and thoughtfully However, since the revolution was crushed, Boruch Halevi Leizerowski, Shlita, chief rabbi consider them. it would not be implemented. Only later, in of Philadelphia, who was recently installed as STATEMENT OF ARPAD GONCZ, PRESIDENT OF 1867, in the year when Austria and Hungary the associate chief justice of the Rabbinical THE REPUBLIC OF HUNGARY reached their historic compromise, did the Court of the Rabbinical Alliance of America. Hungarian legislature accept the principles Dear Friends, of the bill, and accordingly the Emanci­ The installation was held on Rosh Chodesh It is extremely difficult to express my feel­ Nissan, Sunday, March 13, 1994. Rabbi pation Act came into force. The period start­ ings about the tragedy of the Holocaust of ing in 1867 witnessed an unprecedented eco­ Avrohom B. Hecht the president and Rabbi Hungarian Jewry fifty years ago. Difficult nomic and cultural prosperity in Hungary, Yitzchok I. Liebes, the chief justice, as well as because so much has been told of the story from which both Jews and non-Jews bene­ Rabbi Shlorno Eisner and Rabbi Nachum Zvi never to be entirely told, and yet, so many of fitted. Josephy, the cochairmen, were in attendance us still do not know and do not understand. Of the several lessons one could draw of Difficult because one single death can over­ as were Rabbi Herschel Kurzrock and Rabbi these two turns in our history, I would like whelm us when it occurs close to us, and the to say this: only an independent and demo­ Dov Aaron Brisman. death of millions is unbearable to feel and The installation of an associate chief justice cratic Hungary can protect her citizens and even more to speak of, unless we manage to prevent irrational hatred and inhuman acts. of the Rabbinical Court is always an important keep it at a distance. Maybe this is why The denial of the values of democracy and occasion, but especially so when so distin­ many refuse to lend more than one ear, and freedom under Nazi rule in Germany, led to guished a scholar assumes that office. Rabbi some prefer to turn a blind eye to something the Holocaust all over Europe. The Holo­ Leizerowski is highly respected and will bring explained many times, and yet unex­ caust was the most terrible manifestation of a vast store of knowledge and keen sense of plainable. Satan's appearance on earth. "And the Lord When I heard of your day of remembrance, said unto Satan, Behold, all that he hath is justice to his new work. the words the eighty-two-year-old cantor of The institution of the Rabbinical Court, and in thy power." Like Job in Biblical times, the Szeged synagogue recently told a friend modern man too experienced evil to its full: careful observance of halacha, has always who visited there came to my mind: "The to us the Holocaust became the embodiment played a central role in Jewish life both in Jewish community of the city numbered five of evil. But the Bible does not leave us with­ Eretz Yisroel and in the diaspora. It is indeed thousand before the war, and there are three out hope; " ... only upon himself put not impossible to understand Jewish life and the hundred of us now. With assistance from the forth thine hand." Thus, Satan could neither Jewish community without fully comprehend­ United States, we managed to renovate the destroy Job, nor ... After communism col­ ing the critical role the Rabbinical Court plays church building. We now have a splendid, al­ lapsed, Hungary regained her sovereignty though not flawless building, but no people. and established a democratic sytem, leaving in ensuring scrupulous adherence to God's Would it not be better to have it the other laws. With the dedicated work of scholars like no room for discrimination and oppression. way round?" This, we believe, is the set of principles Rabbi Leizerowski the Rabbinical Court will re­ Those who heard, or heard of his words will which will safeguard us from any repetition main a source and guidance and justice for not forget, I trust. And if people do not for­ of history. The Hungarian government, let the entire community. get, but do everything in their power to for­ me assure you, will continue to realize that Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to join my neigh­ give, there is no reason to fear the future. "most glorious monument," Kossuth's bors, and the Members of this House, in con­ Forgetfulness is unjustifiable whereas for­ dream of democracy. While building and gratulating Rav Leizerowski and wishing him a giveness is justified, but only if we have the maintaining democracy, we should follow courage and the will to stop any recurrence hearty yasher koach. the words of the Psalms and should "depart of hatred and violence against Jews-or any from evil, and do good, seek peace, and pur­ other community. And let us hope together sue it." that the cantor, this one or the next, will see STATEMENT OF HUNGARIAN people and church building in Szeged. PRESIDENT ARPAD GONCZ AND ARPAD GONCZ THE ULSTER COUNTY ASSOCIA­ HUNGARIAN FOREIGN MINISTER STATEMENT OF GEZA JESZENSZKY, FOREIGN TION FOR RETARDED CITIZEN'S GEZA JESZENSZKY ON THE 50TH MINISTER OF HUNGARY MISSION, OF DIGNITY ANNIVERSARY OF THE HOLO­ Rabbi Schneier, Distinguished Members of CAUST IN HUNGARY the Memorial Committee, Ladles and Gen­ HON. MAURICE D. HINCHEY tleman, HON. TOM LANTOS On the occasion of your gathering I have OF NEW YORK the privilege to address this honorable as­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA sembly, commemorating the 50th anniver­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sary of the Holocaust of Hungarian Jewry­ Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Speaker. I rise today to Thursday, April ~4. 1994 Unfortunately, I can only be present through these remarks, not in person. speak in tribute to the 13th Annual Humani­ Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, just a few weeks This commemoration in New York coin­ tarian Awards being held by the Ulster County ago, a special commemoration was held in cides with two events in Hungarian history, Association of Retarded Citizens on Friday, New York to mark the 5oth anniversary of the both related to the fate of Hungarian Jewry. April 29. UARC is a group that I have long

.. • ·-~,,...... l'. __J_~~-lo_J ... -.-.:...... ______~ ... _j.-__._.....__. _ _._ • ..___ .... .__.._ ...... o.J' ...... _..._ __ ...... April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7609 been associated with and I support their tire­ tiveness of these current provisions, my legis­ trict Of Ohio, who is being honored on April 16 less advocacy on behalf of and services pro­ lation complements them by utilizing local so­ by the Ladies Auxiliary to the Veterans of For­ vided to people with disabilities in our commu­ lutions for river and watershed protection and eign Wars at the Testimonial Dinner of VFW nity. Their commitment to enabling all people restoration: Post 5536. It is with great pleasure that I the ability to live dignified, productive lives to The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act provides stand and pay tribute to Beverly Ann Benner, the fullest ability of each and every individual protection for high quality rivers that are large­ District 1 President. is a commitment that is too often undervalued ly federally managed. My legislation allows for Ms. Benner joined the Lucas County Ladies in our society. I endorse, applaud, and cham­ restoration of all rivers and emphasizes the auxiliary to the Veterans of Foreign Wars Post pion that mission and I thank them for all of need to protect entire rivers and watersheds, 2898 in Toledo, Ohio on September 7, 1977, their continuing efforts. well beyond riverbeds and adjacent riparian under the eligibility of her husband, Mark I would also laud Alex Palo, who is being areas. Benner, and continues even now to promote awarded the Pilot Industries' 1994 Employee The Clean Water Act is primarily a Federal patriotism and community service. Beverly be­ of the Year Award. Mr. Palo is a living exam­ and State regulatory program controlling pollu­ came Auxiliary President in 1980, the first in a ple of the potential an individual can strive for tion discharge into surface water. My legisla­ series of four terms. She also served as the and achieve. He has thrived at JM Originals in tion is not a regulatory approach to conserving Lucas County Council Auxiliary President in Ellenville NY, and is now a conscientious, and rivers and watersheds. Instead, it is a plan­ 1992 and now serves as District 1 President hard-working individual, and taxpayer. I con­ ning, local cooperation and financial incentive for the 1993-1994 year. Her dedication and gratulate him on his achievements and wish driven approach to river protection that is en­ diligence as Auxiliary President has thrice him much continued success in the future. tirely voluntary. earned her the title of Outstanding Auxiliary The River and Watershed Protection and President by the State of Ohio. Restoration Act is needed now because rivers Beverly has chaired a number of programs THE RIVER AND WATERSHED PRO­ and streams need more help than existing on the Auxiliary, Council and District levels, in­ TECTION AND RESTORATION ACT laws provide. Nearly one-third of the Nation's cluding Historian, Buddy Poppy, Safety, OF 1994 waters do not meet State water quality stand­ P.A.C., and VFW National Home. Her greatest ards. More than one-third of all North Amer­ joys as a Ladies Auxiliary member derive from HON. Bill RICHARDSON ican fish species are classified by the Nature the work organization does with the Youth and OF NEW MEXICO Conservancy as rare, imperiled, critically im­ Hospital programs. She continues to assist our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES periled, extinct, or near extinction. hospitalized Veterans and the youth in our communities due to her strong convictions on Thursday, April 14, 1994 Recognizing these threats, the River and Watershed Protection and Restoration Act has community outreach. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, today, been endorsed by the Pacific Rivers Council, Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure to have introduced legislation to create a national Trout Unlimited, American Rivers, River Net­ rise on this occasion in honor of Ms. Beverly river and watershed registry. My bill, the River work, River Federation, and American Benner. I am confident that my Colleagues will and Watershed Protection and Restoration Act Whitewater Affiliation. In addition, local river agree that Ms. Benner deserves recognition of 1994, has been cosponsored by Represent­ conservation groups across the country are for her commitment to those who have given atives ELIZABETH FURSE, ALBERT WYNN, MIKE lining up in support of this legislation. so much to all of us and our Nation. KOPETSKI, PETER DEFAZIO, ELEANOR HOLMES Mr. Speaker, I do not pretend that the River NORTON, DALE KILDEE, JOHN OLVER, CHARLIE and Watershed Protection and Restoration Act TRIBUTE TO LESLIE ALLEN ROSE, and DAN HAMBURG. will singlehandedly restore the health of all TAYLOR In creating a national river and watershed America's rivers. I do know that it will provide registry my legislation will establish a national river conservationists and local citizens with policy to: First, protect the relatively undis­ the ability to utilize a Federal program to di­ HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS turbed components of our riverine systems rectly benefit their own local conservation ef­ OF NEW YORK and restore those that may be more disturbed; forts. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES second, provide better river and watershed The intent of this legislation is not to create Thursday, April 14, 1994 management mechanisms; third, foster the in­ a new class of bureaucrats in Washington. Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to volvement of local communities and citizens to That will not help clean up our rivers or pro­ recognize the contributions and achievements develop their own locally specific protection vide enjoyment of our precious natural re­ of Mr. Leslie Allen Taylor, a vital contributor to and restoration strategies; and fourth, identify sources for future generations. Instead, this the health and welfare of senior citizens in new opportunities for economic revitalization. legislation will empower local citizens to pro­ Brooklyn, NY. This legislation would establish a nomination tect and restore rivers and watersheds for fu­ Mr. Taylor was born in Plainfield, NJ. After process which would allow State agencies, In­ ture generations. graduating from Plainfield High School he dian tribes, watershed councils, and local con­ As Congress Narks to address local prob­ served in the Army and subsequently attended servation organizations to nominate rivers or lems, I believe it is important that we begin to and graduated from North Carolina Central watersheds for inclusion in the national reg­ find ways to allow local citizens to utilize local­ University. He met and married Carnell Fuller istry. The nomination process will be entirely based solutions to solve river and watershed and they have four children, and one grand­ voluntary, however, and the bill does not au­ protection and restoration problems. Local citi­ daughter. thorize Federal land acquisition, condemnation zens know their river best, understand their Mr. Taylor embarked upon his service to or land use control. The bill does not modify potential and will work to restore them. Tht:? seniors after working in different capacities for existing regulatory authorities of local, State, River and Watershed Protection and Restora­ the Department of Welfare as a counselor and and Federal agencies. tion Act provides the mechanisms for these later as a social investigator. He was ap­ I am especially proud that this legislation solutions. I urge my colleagues to support this pointed director of l.H. Pink Senior Center in recognizes the unique needs and capabilities legislation. 1978, and maintained that position until his re­ of Native American peoples. By establishing tirement in 1991. Native American tribes as equals under the Currently he serves as the director for the provisions of the bill, we will ensure that rivers TRIBUTE TO BEVERLY ANN East New York lnteragency Council, which is and watersheds on tribal land receive the BENNER responsible for Department of Aging services. same attention as other areas throughout the He has served with distinction, and is one of country. HON. MARCY KAPTIJR the founders of the East New York Inter­ Current law provides some measures for OF OHIO agency Council for the Aging. His efforts were protection and restoration in both the Wild and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES instrumental in providing transportation serv­ Scenic Rivers Act and the Clean Water Act. I ices tor seniors in the Ocean Hill/Brownsville strongly believe that both of these statutes Thursday, April 14, 1994 and East New York areas. help to protect and preserve our precious nat­ Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to An avid sports enthusiast and fan, Mr. Tay­ ural resources. Rather than replace the effec- recognize a devoted member of the Ninth Dis- lor is active in a softball league. He has 7610 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 played on a number of championship softball came out of Tennessee schools and played On April 17, 1961, Cuban patriots dis­ teams, and has also done some umpiring. on state championship teams of the Ten­ embarked on the Bay of Pigs trying to put an Mr. Taylor is a member of Kappa Alpha Psi nessee Secondary School Athletic Con­ end to the despotic rule of the man who has Fraternity. He is known throughout Brooklyn ference. enslaved their people and has exported terror­ for his total commitment to improving his com­ On Saturday, March 2, 1994, the Livingston ism and revolution throughout the hemisphere. munity, particularly, senior citizens. I am proud Academy Lady Wildcats achieved their dream Mr. Speaker, the desire for liberty that to acknowledge the sterling achievements of by claiming the Class AA basketball State moved these men is firmly rooted in the new this dedicated and humble man. championship in Murfreesboro, TN. generations of Cubans who maintain alive the Led by tournament MVP Tiffany Krantz and hope of seeing the fatherland of Jose Marti fi­ all tournament players LaDonna Wright and nally free. HONORING MIDWESTERN STATE · Sunday Watson, the Wildcats downed Giles UNIVERSITY CHAMPIONSHIP County 63-58 in the semifinals and outlasted COLLEGE BOWL TEAM South Greene 53-47 in overtime for the cham­ IN RECOGNITION OF DR. JAMES W. pionship. These games followed Livingston WASHINGTON, JR., RENOWNED HON. BIU SARPAUUS Academy's 69-54 victory over previously un­ ARTIST AND NATIVE MISSISSIP­ OF TEXAS beaten Gibson County. PIAN, UPON THE CELEBRATION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Throughout the season, the Lady Wildcats OF HIS GLOSTER, MS, HOME­ exhibited the determination that brought them COMING Thursday, April 14, 1994 their second championship in 4 years. They Mr. SARPALIUS. Mr. Speaker, it is with lost only one game while maintaining relent­ HON. MIKE PARKER great pride and enthusiasm that I rise today to less defense throughout all 38 victories. When OF MISSISSIPPI honor the Midwestern State University Aca­ faced with a four-point deficit after the cham­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demic Colleoe Bowl T earn for their recent first pionship game's first quarter, they fought back place finish at the region 12 College Bowl Re­ to take the lead. In the end, they avenged last Thursday, April 14, 1994 gional Tournament. year's second place finish and awarded coach Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, today I stand in This year's tournament included 17 out­ Larry Looper another net for the school's tro­ the Halls of Congress, in the people's cham­ standing colleges and universities from Texas, phy case. ber, to recognize a native son of my district Louisiana, and Arkansas. Participants are re­ The young team includes Bridgett Robbins, and an esteemed citizen of our great country, quired to answer questions on facts and fig­ Sonia Davis, Jean Mitchell, LaDonna Wright, Dr. James W. Washington, Jr. ures on topics ranging from Presidents of the Carrie Long, Rhonda Williams, Angela In 1911, Dr. Washington was born in United States to Oscar winners and everything Dickerson, Rachel Poston, Sunday Watson, Gloster, Mississippi, in Amite County. Gloster in between. Team members, including captain Melinda Poston, Saundra Leach, Bethany was not an art center. There was no art insti­ Mike Mahurin, who was named most valuable Melton, Christie Jenkins, Lora Franklin, Tiffany tute in which a talented young person might player of the tournament; John Ge'rhard, Mi­ Krantz, Katherine Gore, and Melanie Moore. develop his skills. Through correspondence chael Koofer, David Morris, and alternate Their winning efforts and true sportsmanship courses, books, pure observation and self­ David Dunsmore, practiced long hours weeks have brought pride to Overton County and teaching, Dr. Washington emerged from a in advance with the assistance of coach Dr. recognition to all of middle Tennessee. rural, small-town upbringing to become the Jeff Campbell and sponsors, Dr. Charles High school athletics at their finest not only internationally renowned painter and sculptor Ramser, Dr. Dick King, and Mrs. Marsha May. build physical conditioning in the student ath­ for which he is known today. Dr. Washington I want to extend my congratulations to all of letes, they also build strength of character, also is widely recognized as a poet and phi­ these hard-working individuals for an excep­ teamwork and an increased sense of respon­ losopher. He is a true renaissance man and tional job well done. sibility. The Livingston Academy Lady Wildcats has been recognized as "One of the Founders Since it was founded in 1922, Midwestern are a perfect example of those traits. of the Age of Enlightenment." State University has grown from a local junior Successful teams bring the entire school Dr. Washington enjoyed a career in U.S. college to a regional State university serving a and community together in a common cause. government service from 1927 to 1960, at wide and varied public and promoting the op­ They encourage students, teachers and ad­ which point his artistic success allowed him to portunity for higher education and cultural ad­ ministrators to work toward their overriding devote his full attentions to his creative tal­ vancement. Midwestern's drive for excellence goal-preparing our next generation of young ents. Beginning with his first exhibition in 1938 has again been demonstrated by its outstand­ men and women to take their place as produc- · at the YWCA in Vicksburg, Mississippi, the ing performance at the College Bowl Regional tive citizens of the Nation. In the community, works of Dr. Washington have since been ex­ Tournament. And, by this achievement, the the teams unite young and old, friend and foe, hibited across the country and abroad. He has university has further succeeded in encourag­ with pride in their school's team. traveled extensively and been acquainted with ing and developing the intellectual curiosity of This spirit of cooperation and support will many of his famed contemporaries from the its students. impart good memories that will last a lifetime Mexican artist Diego Rivera to Rev. Martin Lu­ Once again, I want to congratulate the team for the athletes, their families, their friends and ther King, Jr. members and offer my continued support as the community. After spending his first 30 years in Mis­ they enter the National Championship Tour­ I congratulate the Livingston Academy Lady sissippi, Dr. Washington left in 1941 and has Wildcats and everyone involved with the nament. resided in Washington State for many years school, and I wish them the best of luck in the with his wife of 5 decades, Janie R. Miller. future. They have made us all proud. However, Mississippians all know that we are LIVINGSTON ACADEMY LADY Mississippians for life. No matter where we go WILDCATS DESERVE RECOGNITION HONORING THE COURAGEOUS MEN or how long we are absent, we always come WHO FOUGHT IN CUBA home. We also never forget the simple and HON. BART GORDON good way of life that we enjoy in our native OF TENNESSEE HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN state. Dr. Washington remembers rabbit hunt­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF FLORIDA ing, homemade muscadine jelly, and walks in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the old woods near his boyhood home. Thursday, April 14, 1994 Dr. w·ashington is coming home on May 1, Mr. GORDON. Mr. Spejiker, you, I, our fel­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 1994. For the first time in his long and illus­ low members, and the entire Nation have Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, April trious career, he will receive the accolades of spent much of the past month with one eye on 17th marks the 33d anniversary of the gallant his home state and his hometown community. the NCAA men's and women's basketball tour­ battle that thousands of courageous men I will be present for his homecoming, and look naments. The Southeastern Conference and fought, unsuccessfully, to liberate their father­ forward to meeting this great man. Tennessee were well represented in both. land against the most cruel tyranny that this Please join with me today in expressing ad­ Many of the players that propelled those terms continent has experienced. miration and gratitude to an honored native of April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7611 my state and a respected citizen of the world, students with fresh fruits and vegetables, of nutrition programs for which they are eligi­ Dr. James W. Washington, Jr. make permanent the current cash/CLOC dem­ ble. onstration projects, and provide for a broader I urge my Colleagues to cosponsor and sup­ demonstration of the effectiveness of the port these bills. INTRODUCTION OF CHILD Commodity Letter of Credit CLOC Program. NUTRITION LEGISLATION Commodity support is currently provided to schools in two ways: entitlement commodities, WOMEN AND HEART DISEASE: A HON. WIWAM F. GOODLING which meet a legislatively specified mandate, HISTORY OF INEQUITY OF PENNSYLVANIA and bonus commodities, offered when USDA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needs to reduce excess commodity holdings HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Thursday, April 14, 1994 or alleviate a specific unexpected agricultural OF COLORADO Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, today I am surplus. Entitlement commodities valued at 14 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cents were distributed to schools for the introducing two bills which I believe will im­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 prove the operation of our current child nutri­ 1993-94 school year. tion programs. Two alternatives to the standard commodity Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I am dis­ The first bill addresses growing concerns distribution system are currently in place. One tressed by an article in the April 5, 1994, about anticompetitive activities and fraud en­ alternative allows schools to receive cash in health section of the Washington Post telling countered by school food service authorities in lieu of commodities, while the other allows how women were slighted in a new heart the procurement of food products for the child schools to receive commodity letters of credit study. nutrition programs. To allow these types of ac­ CLOC, which are used to purchase the same The article relates how researchers at St. tivities to continue unchecked is a serious types of products that USDA distributes under Louis University School of Medicine found that waste of limited Federal dollars which could the regular commodity distribution program. women who scored poorly on a standard be better spent on improving the nutrition of According to CLOC participants, the dem­ treadmill stress test were only half as likely as this Nation's children. onstration program has been a successful al­ their male counterparts to be referred for more This bill has three main purposes. One is to ternative to . the standard commodity distribu­ evaluation. And that was true even when the save school districts, parents, and taxpayers tion program. Schools participating in the women had a greater number of predisposing millions of dollars by reducing the instances of CLOC alternative are able to control storage cardiac problems. bid-rigging, price-fixing and fraud in connection costs by purchasing quantities as needed, and The Post article also refers to several recent with the child nutrition programs. The second are also in a better position to control the nu­ studies showing that among adults already di­ purpose is to deter companies and individuals tritional content of the food served since they agnosed with heart disease, women got less from engaging in these types of anticompeti­ can require their suppliers to provide products aggressive treatment than men. tive and fraudulent activities by strengthening which meet specified dietary guidelines. Also, This new report documenting the unequal the existing debarment requirements. The third those participating in the alternative programs treatment women get in our health care sys­ purpose is to encourage the Secretary of Agri­ indicate that they are able to purchase com­ tem comes as the American Heart Association culture to provide training and technical advice modities in a form most usable by school food is reminding the Congressional Caucus for to food service authorities in the identification service personnel and most acceptable to stu­ Women's Issues that cardiovascular diseases, of fraud and anticompetitive activities when dents. This ability to purchase preprocessed including heart attack and stroke, remain the procuring products for the child nutrition pro­ foods saves schools the costs related to proc­ No. 1 killer of American females. Heart dis­ grams. essing commodities received in an unusable ease kills 240,000 American women every To accomplish the above-stated purposes, form. As an additional benefit, CLOC achieves year, while stroke claims another 88,000, ac­ the bill identifies specific activities, which upon USDA's goal of removing specific commodities cording to the association. their occurrence, shall result in the initiation of from the marketplace within USDA timelines. The Heart Association also draws attention debarment proceedings by the Secretary of One criticism of the CLOC alternative is that to an article in the October 3, 1993, New York Agriculture against individuals and companies the demonstration is not large enough to pro­ Times Magazine called "Are Women's Hearts participating in the child nutrition programs. vide an accurate picture of the program's abil­ Different: Or Are They Treated Differently?" These activities include: (i) Substantial and ity to remove agricultural commodities from The article tells how doctors often refer material violations of child nutrition program the marketplace. The legislation I am propos­ women with chest pains to psychotherapists, regulations; and (ii) criminal and/or civil find­ ing would address this concern in two ways. while they send men with chest pains for med­ ings of anticompetitive activities, other viola­ First, the bill would allow the establishment of ical tests. tions of antitrust laws, fraud, bribery, embez­ one statewide demonstration, provided that 80 Even when women are tested, the tests zlement, theft, forgery, breach of contract, and percent or more of the schools in the State aren't suited to many of their heart problems, false claims in connection with the child nutri­ agree to participate. Second, the legislation according to the article. And when they do get tion programs. would allow for one CLOC project in each treatment, that treatment is often less aggres­ A company or individual subject to debar­ State. sive than that given to men. ment as determined by the Secretary shall be This legislation also addresses the criticism I feel like a broken record on this issue of prohibited from participating in any child nutri­ that, in spite of efforts to increase the amounts health care equity for women, but lately it tion programs for a period of 3 years. If the of fresh fruit and vegetables in the school seems as if the bad news has come in waves. company or individual has been previously lunch program, the commodity distribution sys­ If we're. not breaking the news to women debarred by the Secretary, a subsequent de­ tem is unable to deliver such commodities about fraud in breast cancer research, we're barment shall be for a period of not less than while they are still fresh. This legislation would trying to help them deal with conflicting signals 5 years. A company or individual wishing to allow interested schools to receive 1O percent or when to get mammographies. If we're not challenge a debarment proceeding in court of their commodity entitlement in the form of a helping them grapple with Government and re­ must first exhaust all administrative remedies CLOG to be used for the purchase of fresh searchers' failure to expeditiously warn them prior to seeking judicial review. fruits and vegetables. about the risks of taking the cancer drug Last, the Secretary is authorized through the Finally, the bill I am introducing would allow tamoxifen, we're telling them that many of the Food Service Management Institute to provide an individual's eligibility for programs under diseases affecting them are often mis-diag­ advice, training, technical assistance, and the National School Lunch and Child Nutrition nosed. guidance to representatives of States and Act to serve as a determination of eligibility for All of this is set against an historical back­ local agencies regarding means of identifying other nutrition programs with comparable drop of women being excluded from Govern­ and preventing fraud and anticompetitive ac­ standards. Often a school must obtain and ment-sponsored clinical trials and drug stud­ tivities relating to the provision of goods or process separate applications for School ies, which we are in the process of correcting. services in conjunction with the participation of Lunch, Child Care Food and other nutrition We women are not going to let up on our a local agency in a child nutrition program. programs. This legislation would reduce pa­ demands for health care equity. I trust my col­ The second bill I am introducing would pro­ perwork for schools and release families from leagues will keep this in mind as we try to re­ vide schools with greater flexibility in providing the burden of applying separately for a variety form the system. 7612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 I take this opportunity to insert the Post arti­ TRIBUTE TO MAYOR OMAR and I have had our personal differences-and cle into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. BRADLEY OF COMPTON, CA from this day forth-we shall put aside those [From the Washington Post, Apr. 5, 1994] differences and work together toward a bright­ WOMEN IN HEART STUDY SLIGHTED IN FOLLOW­ HON. WALTER R. TIJCKER m er future for the city of Compton and the citi­ UP OF CALIFORNIA zens that make the city a great place to call (By Rick Weiss) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES home. Women who score poorly on a standard treadmill stress test are only half as likely Thursday, April 14, 1994 to be referred for further evaluation as are Mr. TUCKER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to THE MEDICARE BENEFICIARY their male counterparts, even when the recognize and pay tribute to a young man, a COINSURANCE PROTECTION ACT women have a greater number of predispos­ native son of the city of Compton, Mayor ing cardiac problems, a new study has found. The gender-based difference in care m!l.y Omar Bradley. HON. WIUJAM J. COYNE make a deadly difference. Compared to men Mayor Bradley comes from simple begin­ OF PENNSYLVANIA in the study, the women were twice as likely nings-To understand him one has to trace IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to have died or had a heart attack within his origin. He grew up on 131st Street, in two years after taking the test. Compton, CA, the son of Henry and Ovelmar Thursday, April 14, 1994 Several recent studies have shown that Bradley. As a child, Mayor Bradley developed Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ among adults already diagnosed with heart a strong work ethic, working at his fathers gas troduce the Medicare Beneficiary Coinsurance disease, women get treated differently from men. In one study of adults who had experi­ station until he was 9 years old. That sense of Protection Act. This legislation amends Medi­ enced a heart attack or suffered from peri­ purpose, discipline, and dedication remained care part B with regard to the amount seniors odic angina attacks, women were up to 28 alive in him and was demonstrated as he dis­ pay for outpatient hospital services. percent less likely than men to get an played his talents as a member of the Centen­ Currently, Medicare part B covers physician arteriogram, the most definitive measure of nial High School Football Team. After high and outpatient hospital services. However, the heart vessel heal th. Another study found school, the mayor attended The California financial burden placed on Medicare bene­ that among adults with heart disease, men State University at Long Beach where he ma­ ficiaries is different in these two settings. Phy­ are almost twice as likely as women to get jored in radio and television communications. sician services are reimbursed at 80 percent "revascularized," a medical treatment to re­ open their arteries. Mr. Speaker, there is a saying, "To teach is of the Medicare fee schedule and beneficiaries Now comes a report of differences in care to give life to those who might otherwise die are responsible for the remaining 20 percent. among men and women not known to suffer of ignorance." Soon after completing his col­ The beneficiary's obligation is referred to as a from heart disease but with enough early lege education, Omar Bradley began to focus coinsurance payment. There is no comparable symptoms to get referred for preliminary on the education of our youth. In the 12 years fee schedule for outpatient services. When tests. Leslee J. Shaw and her colleagues at that he has taught high school English, he has care is rendered in an outpatient setting, the St. Louis University School of Medicine observed that people, no matter what color beneficiary's coinsurance payment is 20 per­ tracked the medical care and outcomes of 850 adults who came to a clinic for a stress test, they are, have the same life experiences and cent of whatever the hospital charges. Be­ in which a person's heart is monitored while that it is not a question of race; it's about how cause hospital charges are higher than the on a treadmill. you treat people. That philosophy became evi­ Medicare reimbursement rates, beneficiaries Approximately equal numbers of men and dent in 1990 when he ran for city council and bear more than 20 percent of the burden for women got abnormal scores on the test. But won. As a councilman, representing the first paying for these procedures. In fact, HCFA es­ 62 percent of the men and only 38 percent of councilmanic district of Compton, Omar Brad­ timated that in 1992, beneficiaries paid 40 per­ the women were referred for additional eval­ ley was a tireless advocate for our youth. As cent of the hospital's total reimbursement for uation. Moreover, twice as many men as women went on to get revascularization. mayor, that concern still burns deep within his these services. The legislation that I am intro­ The women in the study had a greater fre­ heart. When he is not teaching at Lynwood ducing today ensures that beneficiaries pay quency of abnormal chest pain, longer dura­ High School, or giving a speech, or spending closer to 20 percent for outpatient hospital sur­ tion of symptoms before testing, higher time with his son and daughter, who are 16 gery. blood pressure, higher cholesterol levels and and 10, Mayor Bradley is likely to be found or­ In 1983, Medicare changed the way it reim­ a greater number of risk factors for heart ganizing kids to clean up graffiti, helping to in­ burses most hospitals for inpatient services to disease overall. still in them the same work ethic and pride in a prospective payment system [PPS]. Under Two years later, differences persisted in terms of mortality. Five percent of the self that was instilled in him at a young age, PPS, Medicare inpatient hospital payments women and only two percent of the men had by his parents. One may also find him are made at predetermined, specific rates experienced heart attacks during that pe­ smoothing a running track, installing a sprin­ which represent the average cost, nationwide, riod. And two percent of the women had died kler system in a public facility, cleaning a of treating a patient according to his or her of heart disease, compared to one percent of canal, or personally painting an elementary medical condition. These rates are commonly men. When the researchers analyzed each school. The mayor has also founded a volun­ referred to as DRG's or diagnostic related person's care and fate, it was those who had teer service organization called 100 Strong groups. Under this system a hospital that can received the least follow-up care who were Men, which is dedicated to the uplift of the city treat a patient for less than the payment most likely to have had a heart attack or other cardiac problem. of Compton, and also serves as a mentor net­ amount may keep the savings. If the treatment The researchers note that upon initial work for young black males. costs more, the hospital must absorb the loss. testing, the men were more likely to show If an individual is a friend to youth-that in­ Hospital outpatient procedures were not in­ problems in several of their coronary arte­ dividual is an enemy to violence and the pro­ cluded under PPS at that time due to a lack ries, while the women were more likely to ponents and perpetrators of violence. If a per­ of data concerning the costs of these services. show problems in only one, perhaps explain­ son is a friend to the women of his commu­ In 1986 the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation ing the greater attention given to men. The nity-that person is also an enemy of those Act [OBRA] required HHS to develop a PPS study, which appears in the April 1 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine, sought only who disrespect and denigrate those women. system for hospital outpatient surgery by Jan­ to see what doctors do, not why they do what Mayor Omar Bradley is an enemy of those uary 1, 1991. As of now, a PPS system for they do, so it included no questions about negative forces that permeate our society. Be­ outpatient hospital services has not been de­ how decisions were made. Cardiologist Doug­ cause he is an enemy to those that would veloped and until it has, Medicare will continue las Miller, a coauthor on the paper, said leave our community in ruin and despair-he to reimburse for these procedures based on there is a perception among doctors that ab­ is my ally and we will stand together. the lesser of the hospital's customary charge, normal stress test results in women are Mr. Speaker, I have worked side by side reasonable costs, or a blend of costs. In other often not accurate. In fact, women are more with Omar Bradley, whether we were both run­ words, Medicare does not base its reimburse­ likely to get "false positive" results, he said, ning for office in the beginning of our political but the study shows that women would bene­ ment on hospital charges. However, bene­ fit if both they and their doctors took abnor­ careers or working to bring jobs to the city. I ficiary liability is based on that amount. mal results more seriously. have found him to be a sincere man, dedi­ Evidence suggests that since the implemen­ That, the researchers conclude, remains to cated to the citizenry that elected him, and the tation of PPS, Medicare recipients have in­ be measured in another study. village that raised him. In the past the mayor creasingly been treated in the outpatient set- -.-.C::-'f:!/ ,-~~, - ~ ~ •• 1.--- ~. - ,,., - ,._ -"1- -~· • '' - •• ' '{" -. I 1~'1• , -- "'1 -rl' II •

April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7613 ting. Consequently, Medicare recipients' out­ payments to hospitals for outpatient services COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCES of-pocket payments have increased. In a 1990 are higher than Congress intended." To fix ACT report, the General Accounting Office [GAO] this, the Medicare Beneficiary Coinsurance wrote: Protection Act subtracts the beneficiary out-of­ HON. TILUE K. FOWLER * * * with the current hospital payment pocket payment after the total payment has OF FLORIDA system, beneficiary's share of the hospital been calculated. This formula revision has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES payment-or coinsurance-is based on hos­ been suggested by GAO, ProPAC and Presi­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 pital charges rather than on Medicare-allow­ dent Clinton. able costs. This means that the beneficiary's Mr. Speaker, the President has made a Mrs. FOWLER. Mr. Speaker, today I have share of the hospital payment for outpatient commitment to reform the present health care introduced a bill to make minor amendments hospital surgery is almost always greater system and has developed a prorosal to to correct errors in the Coastal Barrier Re­ than the 20 percent coinsurance for certain achieve that objective. He has stated that he sources Act [CBRA]. This bill is limited to other Medicare-covered services, such as minor technical changes of certain coastal bar.­ physician costs. wants to "fix what's broken" with the current system. The fact that beneficiaries are paying rier units in Florida. The Prospective Payment Commission much more than 20 percent coinsurance for When Congress enacted the CBRA in 1982, [ProPAC], the group which advises Congress certain Medicare services is a good example it established the Coastal Barrier Resources and the HHS Secretary on hospital payment of what's not working in the current system System [CBRS], consisting of undeveloped issues, noted in their March 1993 annual re­ and what needs to be fixed. Until HHS estab­ coastal barriers located on the Atlantic and port to Congress that, lishes a PPS system for outpatient services, Gulf coasts of the United States. The Act pro­ * * * beneficiary liability is now set at 20 recipients will continue to pay more out-of­ hibited the Federal Government from offering percent of charges rather than 20 percent of pocket for coinsurance than necessary. In the Federal flood insurance to properties included payments as it is in other settings. Since interim, seniors need the Medicare Beneficiary within the CBRS. After a process involving hospital charges are generally higher than aerial photography and on-site inspections, the the costs or payments for outpatient serv­ Coinsurance Protection Act to ensure that they ices, Medicare beneficiaries are responsible are paying what they should for outpatient Department of the Interior [Interior] designated for substantially more than 20 percent of services under the program. I urge my col­ areas that were both a coastal barrier and un­ costs or payments. leagues to join with me in this effort. Mr. developed. Land qualified as undeveloped, if They went on to observe that, Speaker, I have requested that the Congres­ less than one building existing per five acres sional Budget Office prepare a revenue esti­ of developable land. Even if less than one * * * beneficiaries who receive services in hospital outpatient departments pay a dis­ mate for this proposal. structure existed, Interior considered the land proportionate share of the total payments. Mr. Speaker, I ask that a letter from AARP developed if it contained infrastructure, such be included in the RECORD. as vehicle access, reasonable availability of Recently, I heard from a gentleman in my AARP. district who had cataract surgery performed in water supply, a wastewater disposal system, Hon. WILLIAM COYNE, or electrical service. an outpatient hospital setting. He paid his co­ U.S. House of Representatives, In 1990, Congress adopted the Coastal Bar­ insurance based on hospital charges. How­ Washington, DC. rier Improvement Act [CBIA] which substan­ ever, had his financial liability been based on DEAR REPRESENTATIVE COYNE: The Amer­ ican Association of Retired Persons com­ tially increased the size of the system. Again, the amount Medicare reimbursed the institu­ Interior recommended additions to the system tiorr-like other services under the Medicare mends you for introducing the Medicare Ben­ eficiary Coinsurance Protection Act. This based on ~he extent of development of the Program-he would have saved over $300 in legislation would strengthen the Medicare land. The CBIA also established, for the first out-of-pocket expenses. This man's situation program by correcting an inequity in bene­ time, units of otherwise protected areas, de­ is a good illustration as to why the present ficiary coinsurance for hospital outpatient fined as undeveloped coastal barriers within · system needs to be changed. services that has existed for several years. As you are well aware, beneficiaries now the boundaries of Federal or State-owned The bill I am introducing today will solve this property or held by organizations for wildlife problem by limiting beneficiary coinsurance for pay a disproportionate share of the cost of hospital outpatient services. This happens refuge or sanctuary, recreational or resource outpatient hospital services to 20 percent of because beneficiary coinsurance is based on conservation purposes. the reasonable cost of the service. This hospital charges rather than on Medicare's Unfortunately, when Congress designated straightforward solution has been rec­ payment amount. As a result of this anom­ land to be included in the units, it made some ommended by ProPAC and GAO. Further, this aly, the Prospective Payment Assessment mistakes in drawing the boundaries. This bill approach and this bill has the support of the Commission estimates that beneficiaries are now paying anywhere from 37 to 54 percent removes a small amount of land, less than American Association of Retired Persons 350 acres of a total 1.3 million acres in the [AARP]. If enacted, this legislation will ensure of the cost of their outpatient care. This is a significant out-of-pocket cost for bene­ system, to correct these problems. In some that Medicare recipients are paying closer to ficiaries and will only increase as more and cases, a small parcel of land was mistakenly 20 percent coinsurance for all medical serv­ more services are provided on an outpatient designated as undeveloped coastal barrier ices-not the 40 and 50 percent estimated by basis. within the system even though the owner had HCFA. Under my legislation, the gentleman in AARP believes that, ultimately, an out­ made substantial investments in local or State my district would have saved $300, not paid it patient prospective payment system is the best approach for both restoring coinsurance approvals, roads, utility systems, or had par­ out in medical bills. The Medicare Beneficiary tially or completely developed the land prior to Coinsurance Protection Act guarantees that to the standard 20 percent and for control­ ling Medicare spending for outpatient care. its designation. In other cases, private proi:r seniors pay an equitable amount for their Unfortunately, the implementation of an erty was mistakenly included in an otherwise health care and that their coinsurance for outpatient DRG system is several years protected area, a designation that should only these services be more consistent with other away and the inequity in beneficiary coin­ have been made for land owned by Federal or parts of the program. surance continues to worsen. Your legisla­ State governments or by conservation organi­ This legislation also revises the formula tion offers a reasonable interim solution to the beneficiary coinsurance problem that zations. used to calculate payments to hospitals for The exclusions cover nine Florida congres­ ambulatory surgery center-approved proce­ will help to restore a fair system of payment for outpatient services. You are also to be sional districts, and each House member rei:r dures, radiology services, and diagnostic serv­ commended for including a financing mecha­ resenting these districts has cosponsored this ices. Presently, Medicare reimburses facilities nism in the bill and we are hopeful that the bill. The purposes for which the Coastal Bar­ the lesser of costs, charges or a blended CBO estimates will prove the feasibility of rier System was created were sound. How­ amount for these procedures. As I noted ear­ implementing this long-overdue improve­ ever, under these very unique circumstances, lier, regardless of the reimbursement amount ment in the Medicare program. AARP supports your efforts and we look the act should be amended. Our bill meets the that the facility receives from Medicare, bene­ following standards: ficiary coinsurance is always based on 20 per­ forward to working with you and your col­ leagues on passage of this legislation. First, the bill affects land in a single State; cent of charges. For institutions reimbursed Sincerely, Second, a bipartisan delegation from the the blended amount, program payments are JOHN ROTHER, State supports the bill; not reduced by the full amount of the bene­ Director, Division of Legislation Third, in each district in which land is af­ ficiary copayment. Thus, ProPAC notes "total and Public Policy. fected, the member supports the bill; 7614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 Fourth, the total affected acreage is small; cently selected as a State winner in the Voice they did it all for the promise of a piece of and of Democracy broadcast script writing contest land to call their own, to work for no land­ Fifth, each exclusion is warranted based on conducted each year by the Veterans of For­ lord, no master. This fierce independence and the criteria originally used for designating the determination was America. eign Wars of the United States and its Ladies When the depression changed America units: Either there was one structure per 5 Auxiliary. The contest theme for this year was from a carefree, prosperous land to a acres of developable land, or the land was "My Commitment to America," and of the dustbowl filled with the unemployed and the partially or fully developed at the time of its in­ more than 138,000 secondary school students poor, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt clusion in the Coastal Barrier System. who participated in this year's contest, Marcus took to the airwaves to personally calm and Under these narrow circumstances, Con­ also placed 27th at the national level. Mr. reassure the country and lead it toward its gress should be able to make minor technical Speaker, I ask that Marcus' winning script be ~ormer security and prosperity. This firm adjustments to the units to ensure that equity reprinted in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. leadership, coupled with true concern for the is served. people, was America. Marcus deserves to be commended for his ex­ When refugees give up what property and • Four of the bill's corrections affect land in ceptional efforts in writing this script and par­ my district. Each is justified under the bill's cri­ friends they have, and risk their lives to ticipating in this contest. His insights and en­ teria. cross an armed border or enter the sanctuary In Butler Beach, a community on Anastasia thusiasm will serve as a model to others his of an embassy, they have already proved Island in St. John's County, approximately 60 age. themselves to be great Americans, for they have done it all to reach a place they have acres of single and multifamily homes and MY COMMITMENT TO AMERICA What is America? never seen, only heard of. America is the businesses were incorrectly included in the gleam of hope in their eyes that this new Coastal Barrier Resources System in 1990. At This question sounds simple and silly, but it can be answered in many different ways. land might be free and just. the time of its inclusion, the community had You could look in a dictionary, and it would I believe that we must commit ourselves to existing homes, electric and water utilities, tell you that the term "America", used in keeping this concept of America alive. We roads and commercial businesses. This neigh­ this context, is the common shortened name must commit ourselves to the ideas of lib­ borhood borders a State park, which was in­ for a nation known officially as the United erty and justice, and be as committed as the cluded as an otherwise protected area in the States of America. Technically, I suppose daring colonists who started America. We CBRA amendments of 1990. Unfortunately, that this is what "America" is. But all we've must maintain a fighting spirit against the Congress misdrew the line of the otherwise done by answering the question this way is worst of odds, like John Paul Jones. We must be as determined and as independent as protected area, mistakenly capturing this his­ to replace one word with others.· What is America? the daring pioneers of the great plains. We toric developed community. must be resolute and confident in our course, In an area known as Carcaba Road, three Look at an encyclopedia, and it will tell you that America is composed of 50 states and keep the common man at heart, like private homes built in 1955, 1956 and 1971, and assorted territories, covers three mil­ Franklin Delano Roosevelt. And we must al­ the Seaside of Vilano Condominium complex lion, six hundred and eighteen thousand, ways hope for a better future, and be willing completed in 1983 and a commercial area seven hundred and seventy square miles, has to risk our property and even lives to grasp containing a recreational vehicle park and about 250 million citizens, with a per capita it like the refugees who have come to Amer­ campground which were built prior to 1982, income of about sixteen thousand U.S. dol­ ica since the pilgrims and who continue to were mistakenly included in Unit P04A when lars. Again, I suppose that this, technically, dream of America today. is America. But I don't think that's all there So, what is America? America is a nation the CBRS was established in 1982. These in­ built upon the ideals of liberty and justice, dividual residential and commercial properties, is to America. So, what is America? determination and confidence, spirit and de­ which total less than 8 acres, should be Look at an atlas. It will show you that fiance, courage and hope. These values have excised from the CBRS for equitable reasons. America includes almost every type of ter­ made America a great nation and have kept In Porpoise Point at Vilano Beach, 41 lots rain and climate documented on Earth. It it strong through the years. My commitment on less than 1O developed acres were mistak­ has thousands of unique and beautiful plant to these values is my commitment to Amer­ enly included in the CBRS in 1982. At the time and animal species. On the human side, it ica. Thank you. of inclusion, a water treatment facility on the has farms and factories, homes and busi­ affected property was fully constructed. one nesses, and every scale of settlement from private residence was completed. The commu­ small towns with only a few dozen residents VOTER TURNOUT ENHANCEMENT nity had paved roads and electrical utilities. to vast metropolitan areas covering hun­ STUDY COMMISSION ACT In Summer Haven a beachfront residential dreds of square miles with millions of people. Again, this is America. But I don't think community in St. John's County, located on a we've really found the core of what America HON. JON KYL narrow strip of fastland between the Matanzas truly is. OF ARIZONA River to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to The word America, to me, is a symbol rep­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the east, was included in the CBRS in 1982. resenting an emotional intangible. America, At the time of its inclusion, the eastern section more than anything else, is a state of mind, Thursday, April 14, 1994 of Summer Haven had significant residential a feeling in the heart comprised of defiance, Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to intro­ development dating back to 1930. The bill ex­ courage, and loyalty to principles and ideals duce the Voter Turnout Enhancement Study cludes eight residences on less than 7 acres above men and institutions. Let me give you [VoTES] Commission Act, a bill to establish a some examples of what I mean. which were under construction by October The colonial leaders who signed the Dec­ temporary commission to determine whether 1983. laration of Independence did so knowing full changing the deadline for filing federal income These properties, as well as the others re­ well that it meant war, a war in which their tax returns to the date on which federal elec­ flected in the bill, should be excluded from the families and friends could be killed or im­ tions are held will enhance voter turnout rates. CBRS. Congress did not intend to include land prisoned, and they themselves could be exe­ Mr. Speaker, the only regular .contacts most in the system which had been partially or fully cuted for treason. But they risked it all in Americans have with their government are on developed when the law was enacted. These the name of liberty and justice. That was the Election Day and when they pay their income minor technical corrections address these true beginning of America. taxes. However, while nearly all Americans ful­ unique circumstances. When John Paul Jones was called upon by his British opponent to surrender the badly fill their tax obligations, far fewer people regu­ damaged Bonhomme Richard, his response larly exercise their right as citizens to partici­ SOUTH DAKOTA VOICE OF was nothing of the kind. Boldly declaring pate in the electoral process. DEMOCRACY WINNER that he "had not yet begun to fight," he In fact, in 1992, nearly 115 million income pressed the battle against the British frig­ tax returns were filed by individuals and cou­ ate-and won. His fighting spirit, even in the ples, whereas a total of only 104 million peo­ HON. TIM JOHNSON face of terrible odds, was America. ple voted in that year's presidential election. OF SOUTH DAKOTA When the pioneers struck out for the mid­ That discrepancy is alarming. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES west, they faced disease, starvation, danger, and the extremes of the elements. To meet I believe that more closely tying individuals' Thursday, April 14, 1994 these risks, they had only what they could rights as voters to their obligations as tax­ Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. Mr. Speak­ haul with them and their own ingenuity to payers~reating, if you will, an "Obligations of er, Marcus Stubbles of Brookings, SD, was re- use those supplies to best advantage. And Citizenship Day"-will provide additional in- April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7615 centives for persons to both participate in the pointed under any 1 paragraph of subsection SEC. 7. STAFF ASSISTANCE FROM FEDERAL political process and scrutinize the costs and (a) may be of the same political party. AGENCIES. (c) TIME OF APPOINTMENT.-Members of the Upon the request of the Commission or the benefits of government policies. Chairperson of the Commission, the head of People are probably the most focused on Commission shall be appointed not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment any Federal department or agency may de­ government when they are preparing their tax of this Act. tail any of the personnel of the department returns. So, what better time to hold an elec­ (d) TERMS.-Members of the Commission or agency to the Commission to assist the tion that when people are most focused on, shall be appointed to serve for the life of the Commission to carry out this Act. and interested in, what their government Commission. SEC. 8. REPORT. means to them? What better time than when (e) VACANCIES.-Any vacancy in the Com­ Not later than 1 year after the date of the people's concerns-and choices-can bring mission shall be filled in the same manner as enactment of this Act, the Commission shall about the real change they want in govern­ the original appointment. submit to the President and the Congress a (f) COMPENSATION.- ment policy? report that contains- (!) RATE OF PAY.-Except as provided in Mr. Speaker, the VoTES Commission Act (1) a detailed statement of the findings and paragraph (2), members of the Commission conclusions of the study required by section provides for a thoughtful and thorough analy­ shall serve without :QS.Y· 5;and sis of the date change, its potential impact on (2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.-Each member of the (2) recommendations of the Commission re­ voter turnout, as well as any economic impact Commission shall be entitled to receive trav­ garding any legislation or administrative ac­ it might have. To minimize costs, members of el expenses, including per diem in lieu of tion the Commission considers appropriate. the commission would serve on a voluntary subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of SEC. 9. TERMINATION. basis, and any staff needed would be detailed title 5, United States Code, for persons em­ The Commission shall terminate upon the from other agencies. ployed intermittently in the Government submission of the report required by section service. 8. The bill has been endorsed by Americans (g) QUORUM.-A majority of the members of for Tax Reform, the Small Business Survival SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. the Commission shall constitute a quorum, There are authorized to be appropriated Committee, the Association of Concerned Tax­ but a lesser number of members may hold a payers, and the Free Congress Foundation. hearing. such sums as may be necessary to carry out I invite my colleagues to cosponsor this im­ (h) CHAIRPERSON AND VICE CHAIRPERSON.­ this Act. portant legislation, and I insert the text of the The Commission shall select a Chairperson bill in the RECORD at this point: and Vice Chairperson from among its mem­ MY COMMITMENT TO AMERICA H.R.- bers. (i) MEETINGS.- Be it enacted by Senate and House of Rep­ (1) IN GENERAL.-The Commission shall resentatives of the United States of America in HON. DON YOUNG meet at the call of the Chairperson or a ma­ OF ALASKA Congress assembled, jority of its members. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE (2) INITIAL MEETING.-The Commission IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This Act may be cited as the "Voter Turn­ shall hold its initial meeting not later than Thursday, April 14, 1994 out Enhancement Study Commission Act". 30 days after the date on which all members Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, I sub­ SECTION 2. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS. of the Commission have been appointed. mit the following for printing in the CONGRES­ The Congress finds that- SEC. 5. DUTIES. . SIONAL RECORD. (1) the right of citizens of the United (a) STUDY.-The Commission shall conduct States to vote is a fundamental right; a comprehensive study of all matters relat­ MY COMMITMENT To AMERICA (2) Federal, State, and iocal governments (By Jamey Duhamel, Post 2509, Palmer, AK) have a duty to promote the exercise of the ing to the possibility of changing the filing right to vote to the greatest extent possible; date for Federal income tax returns to the America, and for what it stands, has made (3) the power to tax is only guardedly 1st Tuesday after the 1st Monday in Novem­ me proud since I was old enough to under­ granted to Federal, State, and local govern­ ber. The study shall include an analysis of- stand the meaning of this land. Being a very ments by the citizens of the United States. (1) the costs and benefits of the change in open-minded person, I am grateful to have (4) the only regular contact that most filing date; and · been born in a melting pot of diverse people, Americans have with their government con­ (2) the likelihood that establishment of a where opportunity is what you make of it, sists of filing personal income tax returns single date on which individuals can fulfill and where second chances are in abundance. and voting in Federal, State, and local elec­ obligations of citizenship as both electors This nation means to me the freedom to live tions. and taxpayers will increase participation in our individual lives. The freedom to share (5) in 1992, almost 115,000,000 Federal in­ Federal, State, and local elections. our lives with others. The freedom to learn come tax returns were filed by individuals (b) CONSULTATION.-The Commission shall what makes every person wonderful in their and couples, but only approximately consult with Governors, Federal and State own right. 104,000,000 votes were cast in the year's presi­ election officials, the Commissioner of Inter­ As a child, I was always respectful when dential election; and nal Revenue, and any other person, agency, chanting the Pledge of Allegiance with my (6) more closely tying the rights of individ­ or entity that the Commission determines to classmates. With my right hand across my uals as voters to their obligations as tax­ be appropriate. heart, the vow range with truth in my ears. payers will provide additional incentives for SEC. 6. POWERS. It wasn't until I was older, however, that I individuals to both participate in the elec­ (a) HEARINGS.-The Commission may hold learned of the glory behind those words. The toral process and scrutinize the costs and the hearings, sit and act at the times and days of western expansion are, for me, a time benefits of government policies. places, take the testimony, and receive the of dedication, hardship, and triumph. A time SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT. information that the Commission considers for new beginnings and a taming of the wild There is established a commission to be advisable to carry out the purposes of this land. Today, we reap the fruits of freedom known as the Voter Turnout Enhancement Act. that the frontiersman gave their lives to Study Commission (in this Act referred to as (b) MAILS.-The Commission may use the sow. the "Commission"). United States mails in the same manner and Everyday I learn something new. Whether SEC. 4. MEMBERSHIP. under the same conditions as any other Fed­ it be about this great nation, or about elec­ (a) NUMBER AND APPOINTMENT.-The Com­ eral department or agency. tron microscopes, I am never sheltered from mission shall be composed of 9 members ap­ (C) POWERS OF MEMBERS AND AGENTS.-Any a storm of knowledge that showers me in my pointed as follows: member or agent of the Commission may, if high school classrooms. Ever since I was (1) 3 members appointed by the President. authorized by the Commission, take any ac­ born, my parents have instilled in me the de­ (2) 3 members appointed by the President tion that the Commission is authorized to sire to achieve my potentials. America gives pro tempore of the Senate, upon the joint take under this section. this opportunity to me through my edu­ recommendation of the majority leader and (d) REQUESTS FOR OFFICIAL INFORMATION.­ cation. Therefore, my commitment to Amer­ the minority leader of the Senate. The Commission may request from a Federal ica is expressed in my continued learning. By (3) 3 members appointed by the Speaker of department or agency information necessary bettering myself and my volume of knowl­ the House of Representatives, upon the joint to enable the Commission to carry out this edge, I fell I can contribute to the better­ recommendation of tlie Speaker and the mi­ Act. The head of the department or agency ment of America. With this in mind, I have nority leader of the House of Representa­ shall provide the information to the Com­ become an avid learner. In today's highly tives. mission unless release of the information to competitive world, I am taking advantage of (b) POLITICAL AFFILIATION.-Not more than the public by the agency is prohibited by the wonderful opportunity given to me by 2 of the 3 members of the Commission ap- law. the United States of America. I am taking 7616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 free education and using it to get a jump The message of Party Smart is simple yet A WARDING OF THE THOMAS J. start on those who choose to throw away vital: If you make the adult decision to drink al­ D'ALESANDRO, JR. GOOD CITI­ this unique chance. Life in America throws many possibilities cohol, do it responsibly and in moderation. By ZENSHIP AWARD TO MARY at us. But, there is no greater opportunity to implementing education programs in coopera­ APICELLA succeed in our lives than the education hand­ tion with major spring break cities, promoting ed to us for thirteen years. A crucial, impres­ the use of designated drivers, and sponsoring HON. NANCY PELOSI sionable time is spent in a house of learning. enjoyable non-alcoholic events, Party Smart OF CALIFORNIA School life itself seems an almost separate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRZSENTATIVES society. Decisions for the future are made consistently has shown, since its inception in here, likes and dislikes are developed here, 1988 that quality, objective, and positive alco­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 impressions of the world al"e stamped here, hol education not only enhances people's Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, on Friday, April and hobbies, friends, weaknesses and 16, 1994, the Order Sons of Italy will bestow strengths are all learned in school. Also, the lives, but helps save lives in the process. the Thomas J. D'Alesandro, Jr. Good Citizen­ strength and courage to strike out on your One Party Smart program in particular has ship Award on Mary Apicella of Baltimore, MD, own and consciously continue your learning enjoyed a special relationship with my state of is instilled here. for her distinguished service to the community. Without knowledge, what kind of country Kentucky. For the past three years, The Party The award is named for the late Mayor of would we be? It is what makes this country Smart Designated Driver Program has been Baltimore, former Member of Congress and great. The men and women of the frontier an integral part of the Kentucky Oaks and lifelong resident of Little Italy. The award is did not give their lives for future Americans Derby at Churchill Downs. The Party Smart given to Mary Apicella for her dedication to to be nothing but farmers and trade workers. Ame.ica, in their eyes, was a land with a po­ Designated Driver booths are highly visible her church, the Little Italy community and the tent:al to succeed far beyond anyone's from all areas of Churchill Downs, with two great city of Baltimore. imag-ination. A chance to better the standard booths located at the inside track and two Mary Apicella, proud mother and grand­ mother, of living, to create medicines to fight polio more at trackside. is active in the Sodality and Saint Ga­ and other illusive, deadly illnesses, and a briel Society of Saint Leo the Great Roman chance to allow people to be happy in any Why is the Party Smart Designated Driver Catholic Church in Baltimore, MD. way they see fit. Every human being is dif­ Program adopted by the management and On Saturday, Mary Apicella will be honored ferent, with their own separate needs, de­ concessionaires of the Kentucky Oaks and as the president of the Little Italy Lodge of the sires, and beliefs. I am eternally grateful Order Sons of Italy. Active in its founding, Mrs. that the founders of this nation knew that Derby, and endorsed every year by Churchill and created a land in reflection of the people Downs? Apicella has led the lodge during its era of greatest growth and success. By building new who inhabit it. So, stand tall America. Be­ The answer is simple. Because it works. cause I believe that we have fulfilled the quarters for the lodge, Mary is largely respon­ prayers of the men and women of yesteryear. More than 2,000 Derby-goers sign up each sible for the esteem in which the lodge is held. And education will continue to draw us far­ year to be designated drivers and provide safe Mr. Speaker, Mary Apicella is a good citizen ther into the light of freedom, justice, and rides home for their friends. In exchange for indeed. Her dedication to the values of family, happiness. As the Pledge of Allegiance al­ church, and ethnic pride make her an excel­ ways promises: their pledge not to drink alcohol, designated "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the Unit­ drivers receive free non-alcoholic beer and lent recipient of the award in the tradition of Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr. ed States of America and to the Republic for soft drinks. which it stands, one National under God, in­ divisible, with liberty and justice for all. The Kentucky Derby isn't the only place, by Every year for 47 years, the Veterans of the way, where you'll find Party Smart. The HOLOCAUST REMEMBRANCE DAY Foreign Wars of the United States and its La­ Party Smart Designated Driver and Fan Alco­ dies Auxiliary have conducted the Voice of hol Awareness programs also have been used HON. MARJORIE MARGOUES-MFZVINSKY Democracy Broadcast Scriptwriting Scholar­ successfully by a number of Major League OF PENNSYLVANIA ship Competition. More than 138,000 high Baseball and National Football League teams, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES school students participated in the competition the National Hockey League's New York Thursday, April 14, 1994 this year. This year's theme was "My Commit­ Rangers, and by the U.S. Jaycees. Ms. MARGOLIES-MEZVINSKY. Mr. Speak­ ment to America." Every year, Party Smart continues doing er, I rise today to focus national attention on Jamey Duhamel, a 17-year-old senior at the anniversary of Israel's independence. In what it does best-providing quality, privately­ Colony High School in Palmer, AK, is this 1948, a homeland was finally established by year's Alaska State Winner. She is a member funded alcohol awareness information to those the United Nations for the Jewish people of the first graduating class at Colony High who decide not to drink. Beer Drinkers of around the world. On this day we are grateful School. Her interests include speaking, read­ America, with more than 750,000 members in for the existence of the State of Israel, as we ing, and dramatics. She has been the captain all fifty States, is working through Party Smart recognize the significant role it played in light of her school's speech team, vice-president of to make this year's Kentucky Oaks and Derby of the Holocaust. Thousands of displaced Hol­ Students Against Drunk Driving chapter, and a memorable, enjoyable, and above all, safe. ocaust survivors were literally saved by the student government representative. She is Mr. Speaker, "Party Smart" neither encour­ land of Israel. planning on majoring in biology at the Univer­ One week ago, on April 8, Holocaust Re­ ages nor discourages drinking. Rather, by sity of Alaska or Washington and Lee Univer­ membrance Day, Israel and the Jewish people sity. targeting those who already have made the halted their daily routines to reflect on the de­ adult decision to consume alcohol, Party struction and tremendous loss perpetrated by Smart promotes personal responsibility and PARTY SMART AT THE DERBY the Nazi regime. Although this event affected moderation. the Jewish people uniquely, its impact is uni­ HON. JIM BUNNING Party Smart is positive, not preachy-and versal. This genocide speaks to all mankind, serving as a reminder of the gruesome poten­ OF KENTUCKY that, I believe, is the key to its continued suc­ tial of man's evil instincts. In an age of revi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cess. The Party Smart model of quality edu­ sionism, when its often easier to overlook cation and services such as the Designated Thursday, April 14, 1994 what may be painful and difficult to under­ Mr. BUNNING. Mr. Speaker and colleagues, Driver Program should not be an isolated ef­ stand, it is our duty to not let these events be I would like to take a moment to recognize the fort, but rather one that should be encouraged, forgotten. significant contribution of a major national al­ emulated and implemented by others. Thank In his report to the President as part of the cohol education and awareness program you. President's Commission on the Holocaust, Elie called Party Smart. This program is visible, ef­ The Kentucky Derby is the greatest two Wiesel referred to the necessity of this respon­ fective commitment by the non-profit organiza­ minutes in the sporting universe and the Party sibility: tion Beer Drinkers of America to promote re­ Smart program is making it even better . . First, we cannot grant the kills a post­ sponsible alcohol consumption. humous victory. Not only did they humiliate April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7617 and assassinate their victims, they wanted bassador Zimmerman will prosper in the years by virtue of this bill, offering the region a hand also to destroy their memory. They killed ahead, and that it will be our Nation that suf- up. them twice, reducing them to ashes and then fers from his premature retirement. denying their deed. Not to remember the This bill would expand the Department of dead now would mean to become accomplices DIVERSITY DRIVES SEASONED MAN OUT Energy's Institutional Conservation Program to their murderers. Second, we cannot deny The story of Warren Zimmerman illus­ and Low-Income Weatherization Assistance the victims the fulfillment of their last trates why a number of people are concerned Program to provide energy efficiency improve­ wish-to bear witness. Every ghetto had its about the Clinton administration's criteria ments to schools, hospitals, and low-income historians, every death camp is chroniclers. for filling high government positions. Zimmerman, 59, was a career foreign serv­ dwellings within the delta region. It would also Young and old, learned and unlearned, every­ establish educational initiatives and scholar­ body kept diaries-composed poems and ice officer in the State Department. He had prayers. They wanted to remember and to be held diplomatic posts in Paris and Moscow ships in the areas of natural resources, the remembered-to defeat the enemies conspir­ and served as ambassador to Yugoslavia. The environment, the sciences, cultural resource acy of silence, to communicate a spark of New York Times said he was "universally re­ management, historic preservation, aqua­ the fire that nearly consumed their genera­ spected within the foreign service" and that culture, and archeology. In addition this bill tion, and, above all, to serve as warning to he had "a reputation for loyalty and a non­ would authorized Federal grants to States for future generations. And third, we must re­ confrontational approach to problem-solv­ upgrading or maintaining public roads and ing." member for our own sake, the sake of our trails that provide access to designated tourist own humanity. State Department officials had created a new post, that of assistant secretary of state sites. Also this bill would authorize funding to In this spirit of remembrance, 5,000 Jewish for population and refugee migration affairs. the Lower Mississippi Delta Development Cen­ teenagers marched from the work camp at Zimmerman hoped to be appointed. Sec­ ter in Memphis to continue coordinating the Auschwitz to the death camp at Birkenau as retary of State Warren Christopher backed goals of the Delta Development Commission's participants in a program called the March of him. The Times said Zimmerman was widely report to Congress. the Living. Joined by Holocaust survivors, considered the best qualified person avail­ these young people honored the 6 million who able. I am truly excited about the potential un­ were murdered, simultaneously affirming life. But the White House said no. Zimmerman leashed by the Lower Mississippi Delta Initia­ As they retraced this path of death, they is a white male. The Clinton administration tives Act of 1994. This bill takes the sugges­ wanted the job to go to a woman or a man tions and recommendations of the Delta Com­ forced the world to recognize the dangers of from a minority group. hatred, ignorance. and prejudice. I celebrate mission's report to Congress in 1990 a big So Zimmerman resigned, ending a three­ step forward. This bill provides further hope :o their moral courage and commend their will­ decade State Department career. He said he ingness to lead our Nation in the task of re­ disagreed with the administration's Bosnia improve the quality of life for folks in the Mis­ membrance. Please joint me in vowing never policy, although sources told The Times that sissippi Delta region. A similar bill passed last to forget. Zimmerman would have stayed if he had re­ November in the Senate and I would like to ceived the promotion he desired. see this bill swiftly enacted in the House. The administration's goal of bringing more CLINTON ADMINISTRATION PER­ women and minority-group members to the SONNEL POLICIES SACRIFICE higher levels of government is commendable. But surely the goal can be pursued without TRIBUTE TO ERIE COUNTY EXPERTISE IN FAVOR OF DIVER­ driving away career officials whose reservoir SITY of expertise is needed to give the government VOLUNTEER FIREFIGHTERS continuity and direction. HON. DOUG BEREUfER OF NEBRASKA HON. JACK QUINN OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DELTA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK REGION Thursday, April 14, 1994 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, at a time HON. BILL EMERSON Thursday, April 14, 1994 when many observers have raised concerns OF MISSOURI about the quality and consistency of U.S. for­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. QUINN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay eign policy, one would assume that President tribute to the Erie County Volunteer Fire­ Clinton would want the very best people to Thursday, April 14, 1994 fighters of Western New York for the donation provide advice and implement his policies. It Mr. EMERSON. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased of spare firematic gear to a volunteer-based seems, however, that this is not the case. In to join with my friend and colleague from Ar­ relief effort in Bosnia. Three companies stood an effort to enhance diversity, Preside11t Clin­ kansas, Ms. LAMBERT, in introducing the Lower above all the rest in their response last spring. ton has opted to emphasize the selection of Mississippi Delta Initiatives Act of 1994. This The Hamburg, NY, Fire Department, North women and minorities for senior policymaking bill establishes a comprehensive Federal effort Evans, NY, Fire Department, and Sheridan positions. Obviously, there is great merit in to promote expanded educational opportuni­ Park, NY, Fire Company are the fall 1993 win­ such an objective and the President has the ties, economic development, and cultural tour­ ners of the Excellence Through Teamwork right to appoint anyone he chooses to serve in ism in the seven-State lower Mississippi Delta Award presented by the Erie County Volunteer his administration; this Member would not sug­ region. Fire Fighter Newspaper. gest otherwise. But competence, knowledge, The lower Mississippi Delta region of the and experience must remain the fundamental country consists of 219 counties and parishes The equipment donation from Erie County criteria in the selection of key Executive that are among the Nation's poorest. When was at the top of the list-our firefighters and branch personnel. the Lower Mississippi Delta Development those from Prince Georges County, MO, gave .It is with this thought in mind that this Mem­ Commission, chaired by then-Governor Bill the most gear to the leaders of the Rhode Is­ ber would call to the attention of his col­ Clinton, issued its report in May 1990, the sta­ land Volunteer Group, an organization for the leagues an editorial in the March 23, 1994 edi­ tistics were eye opening. Substantial poverty, United Nations High Commission for Refu­ tion of the Omaha World-Herald. Entitled "Di­ poor health, high infant mortality, lack of edu­ gees. versity Drives Seasoned Man Out," the edi­ cation, and lack of suitable infrastructure are What they did in western New York may torial laments the Administration's unwilling­ among the factors which have limited the op­ save a life thousands of miles away. There is ness to respect the State Department's rec­ portunities available to residents of the delta no clearer definition of the unselfish spirit of ommendation and appoint one of our nation's region. the American volunteer fire service. The gen­ most experienced diplomats, the Honorable Despite these adverse conditions, the peo­ erosity, the concern, and the dedication exhib­ Warren Zimmerman, to a position of respon­ ple of the delta prefer hope to despair. They ited by these volunteer firefighters from Erie sibility. Having run headlong into the diversity are hard-working and forthright, and they are County for people half a world away is the wall Ambassador Zimmerman was placed in a one of the region's most tremendous re­ same that they exhibit every day in the protec­ position where he had no option but to end his sources. They did not come to the Congress tion of their fellow citizens, and the people of career. This Member has no doubt that Am- looking for a handout; rather, the Congress is, Erie County are very grateful. 7618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 TRIBUTE TO MATTHEW G. Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure to ill-afford to sacrifice because of their property. VOLLBRECHT rise on behalf of a man of such devotion. Mr. The national leadership in black America Burrows has been quoted as stating that he is today is overwhelmingly products of HBCUs. It HON. BUD SHUSTER proud to be an American and will serve his is imperative, I believe, that we continue this OF PENNSYLVANIA country in any way possible. I ask my fellow proud and valuable tradition as a service, not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES colleagues to join me today in recognition of only to these young people, but also to our Thursday, April 14, 1994 this fine man. May he be an inspiration to us Nation. all. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to surr Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to port this vital legislation. pay tribute to an extraordinary young man from Everett, PA, Matthew G. Vollbrecht. Mat­ S. 2004, STUDENT LOAN ELIGI­ thew is young, only 10 years old, and blind, BILITY FOR CERTAIN INSTITU­ STATEMENT BY THE HONORABLE yet he has managed to overcome his handi­ TIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION DAN ROSTENKOWSKI cap to accomplish great things as an musi­ cian. This year, Matthew was awarded the 1994 HON. WlllIAM (Bill) CLAY HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI Panasonic Young Soloists Award. This high OF MISSOURI OF ILLINOIS honor comes with a $5,000 scholarship to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES continue his study of music and a perform­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 Thursday, April 14, 1994 ance at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Chairman, I rise Performing Arts. This award was established S. 2004, the extension of the college loan de­ today in strong support of H.R. 6, Improving by Very Special Arts to recognize students fault exemption for certain institutions of higher America's Schools Act. with disabilities who have exhibited unique tal­ education. Providing our children with a quality edu­ ents as either a vocalist or an instrumentalist. This legislation will extend the exemption for cation is one of the most important respon­ Although he is only 1O years old, Matthew historically black colleges and universities, sibilities we have as a Nation. America's future has a long list of achievements. He began Tribally controlled community colleges and economic welfare depends on having a well­ studying the piano at the age of 4 and voice Navajo community colleges from the 25 per­ trained, well-educated labor force capable of when he was 6; when he was only 8, he com­ cent default cutoff for participation in the stu­ maintaining and advancing the competitive po­ posed his first composition, "Since Your dent loan program until July 1, 1998. sition which the United States currently enjoys. Love's Come Back to Me". Matthew has appeared in concert more than My remarks will address the necessity of H.R. 6 will reauthorize Federal programs 110 times, including a performance with the this legislation for historically black colleges under the Elementary and Secondary Edu­ Altoona Symphony Orchestra. In 1992, he re­ and universities (HBCUs). cation Act which will help local school districts leased his first cassette, Melodic Insight-With First, institutional measures to reduce de­ break down the barriers -that have too often Love, Matthew. fault rates are already underway and time prevented our children from obtaining the edu­ Mr. Speaker, I would urge all of my col­ must be allotted to permit these measures to cation they deserve. The bill will fund drug­ leagues to join me in congratulating Matthew have an impact on the default rates. Second, free school programs, help special education and complimenting him for this award and all this extension will allow the higher education and low-income students, and train the teach­ of his past and future accomplishments. community time to work with the Department ers who work with these at-risk children. on developing criteria to address the issue of The chapter 1 program is one of the most loan defaults. important ways in which the Federal Govern­ TRIBUTE TO RAY BURROWS Mr. Speaker, postponing congressional ac­ ment assists low-income children. I am tion on this exemption places these institutions pleased that the formula has been revised so HON. MARCY KAP1lJR at very serious risk of closure because the in­ that more funds will go to the school districts OF OHIO stitutions affected enroll disproportionately with the largest indigent populations. Under IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES large numbers of students who rely on student the new formula, the Chicago School District Thursday, April 14, 1994 loans in order to be able to even attend insti­ will receive over $173 million over the next 2 tutions of higher education. The cessation of years to help educate its large population of Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, on April 16, funding for the students would have a calami­ poor children. Chicago will also receive $17 1994, Mr. Ray Burrows, the District I com­ tous effect on the operations and even the mander, and commander of Post 5536, will be from the chapter 2 block grant program for survival of a significant number of HBCUs. recognized at the testimonial dinner of the To­ teacher training, library resources, technical Although defaults at historically black col­ ledo VFW Post 5536. It is my pleasure to assistance, and innovation and flexibility; $4 leges and universities make up less than three stand and pay tribute to this outstanding mem­ million for Chicago Magnet Schools; $4 million percent of all higher education defaults, based ber of my community. for drug-free school programs; $4 million for He has served his country to the fullest, be­ on the 1990 cohort default data, more than immigrant and bi-lingual education. These ginning with the Navy in 1958. While stationed one-third of the historically black colleges and Federal funds will enable local districts like in Cuba, he was awarded the National De­ universities could be eliminated from the stu­ Chicago to better meet their responsibilities in fense Service Medal, Armed Forces Expedi­ dent loan program this year, if the exemption educating our elementary and secondary tionary Medal, and the Navy Expeditionary is not extended. school children. Medal. His military service ended in 1962; Many of the students that attend HBCUs Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to surr however, he has tirelessly committed his life to have unusual conditions. What has historically port H.R. 6. By giving full support to our edu­ community service as president of the Inter­ been true, and that fact remains today, is that cation system, we are making a strong com­ lake Federal Credit Union for 4 years, treas­ HBCUs have been the college of last resort mitment to the future of our children and our urer of the USWA for 3 years, delegate to To­ for a great number of black students who have Nation. ledo Labor Council for 4 years, and a delegate the scholastic ability but lack the fiscal and to the Toledo Area AFL-CIO for 8 years. monetary resources in order to attend colleges Mr. Burrows joined the VFW post in 1985 and universities. IN HONOR OF CHARLES WHITSETT and his past offices include post commander I firmly believe that, in spite of the current for 4 years and Lucas County Council chaplin. fiscal difficulties, that it is in our national inter­ HON. VIC FAZIO He has received numerous honors, including est to support black and minority young peo­ OF CALIFORNIA the All-State Post Commander for 1990, 1991, ple in the Nation's historically black colleges IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and 1992 as well as National Aide-de-Camp and universities. The other vital dimension is Thursday, April 14, 1994 Recruiter for 1991 and 1992. that the graduates of these HBCUs contribute Ray Burrows is a man of integrity, commit­ to the national economy. Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ting himself to his wife, Marge for 30 years, Mr. Speaker, these students represent a honor a selfless community leader and con­ their 7 children and their 13 grandchildren. previous and vital human capital that we can stituent, Mr. Charles Whitsett, who recently re- April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7619 tired from the school system in the city of place around our nation which recall the ter­ Prior to his judicial appointment, he prac­ Orland after 37 years of service. rible events that took place during the Holo­ ticed law for 30 years as a senior partner of Mr. Whitsett embodies the spirit of the caust. The Days of Remembrance Ceremony the Sacramento firm Dahl, Hefner, Stark and Orland community. He is always available to was held once again in the Rotunda of out Maries specializing in bankruptcy and other lend a hand to a good cause. Nation's Capitol, and similar, moving com­ matters. He is a member of the Educators Hall of memorations were held in cities and towns He has been active in many Sacramento Fame since 1992. It is a distinguished throughout our congressional districts. achievement that neither he nor the commu­ This year, however, there were a number of civic organizations, including a lifelong involve­ nity take lightly. Mr. Whitsett describes the feat striking differences. This year the U.S. Holo­ ment in Boy Scouts of America. Since 1980, as a memorable milestone. I consider it a very caust Memorial Museum is open and fully he has been a member of the Board of Re­ worthy, yet small recognition, for the countless operational, hosting substantially more visitors gents of the University of the Pacific as well young lives he has influenced. each month than had been anticipated. And as the Board of Visitors of McGeorge School Mr. Whitsett served for 28 years in Glenn this year Holocaust education throughout the of Law, University of the Pacific. County as a member of the board of edu­ country is taking on added dimensions to in­ Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I cation. crease public knowledge and awareness. salute the many contributions Judge Loren His reputation as an activist for student · Yet, the most recent acquisition to Holo­ Dahl has made to the legal community. His counseling services is legendary in rural Glenn caust education and commemoration activities leadership on the bench has been instrumen­ County. Mr. Whitsett believes counseling to be is the landmark film, "Schindler's List", di­ tal to the effective administration of justice in an essential part of the education process and rected by Steven Spielberg and which gar­ the Eastern District and I ask my colleagues to was a vocal advocate whenever fiscal con­ nered seven Academy Awards. This tour de join me in congratulating him and wishing him straints threatened to curtail or eliminate the force has instantly exposed the horrors of the continued success in all of his future endeav­ service. His battle cry was, "Cut Elsewhere!" Holocaust and its many ethical and moral ors. Mr. Whitsett's educational roots are deep in messages to the world at large. Glenn County, where a building is named after Mr. Speaker, with every year that passes his great aunt, Mae Reager. His great uncle, there are fewer and fewer survivors of the Hol­ Frank Reager, was Orland's first high school ocaust alive to bear witness. It therefore be­ principal almost 100 years ago. THOUSAND ISLAND LAKE hooves us to make a special effort to ensure INCIDENT IN ZHEJIANG, CHINA His mother, Phyllis Reed Whitsett, was a that their experiences, as terrible as they Class of 1923 graduate from the Orland were, are transmitted to future generations. school system. His sister, Dorothy Smith, was We can do no less for those who have per­ a graduate of the Class of 1943 and his broth­ HON. PETER DEUTSCH ished, and for those who follow in the years to er, Kenneth, was a graduate of the Class of come. OF FLORIDA 1947. Mr. Whitsett is a 1945 graduate of Orland IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES High School. TRIBUTE TO JUDGE LOREN S. Thursday, April 14, 1994 He attended the University of California at DAHL Davis and graduated from Chico State Col­ Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, I would like to lege, which is what it was called at the time. HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI draw my colleagues' attention to the Thousand After that, he was a student teacher at Orland OF CALIFORNIA Island Lake incident which occurred in High School and upon completion of the pro­ Zhejiang province, China, on March 31, 1994. gram, he was hired by the high school to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, April 14, 1994 I believe that this incident is of great concern teach drafting and other industrial arts. Mr. to all people who place a premium on basic Whitsett was a class advisor and school coun­ Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to human rights and dignity. selor. pay tribute to Judge Loren S. Dahl, who is re­ He was the principal at C.K. Price Middle tiring from 14 years of dedicated service to the When 24 Taiwanese citizens were boating School for 6 years during the early 1970's. In bench of the Eastern District of California. on Thousand Island Lake, their boat 1977, Mr. Whitsett returned to Orland High As Chief Judge of the U.S. Bankruptcy inexplicably caught fire. All of the passengers School as counselor. He served in this capac­ Court for the Eastern District of California, and six crew members burned to death ity for the remaining 16 years of his career. Judge Dahl was named 1993 Judge of the aboard the vessel. When the boat was discov­ Mr. Whitsett is an original member of the Year by the Sacramento County Bar Associa­ ered, the charred corpses were rounded up Phi Delta Kappa education fraternity in Chico. tion. In bestowing the award, the bar associa­ and held in the boat by Chinese officials. No In fact, he played an instrumental role in help­ tion cited Judge Dahl's work as a "sterling ex­ valuables, wallets, or identification were re­ ing the organization get its charter. ample of how to increase access to justice for ported found on the bodies. Mr. Whitsett has been active in a program the benefit of the general public, debtors and Chinese officials refused to allow the re­ to promote foreign student exchange. He was creditors alike." moval or inspection of the bodies. In addition, also one of the main organizers and workers Judge Dahl was appointed to the bench in it denied the requests of family members to who established Lollipop Land playground in 1980 and since 1986 he has served as the bring the bodies home or have them cremated Vinsonhaler Park. Chief Judge of the court. During his tenure on according to Taiwanese tradition. -Subse­ Mr. Whitsett and his wife, Carolyn, have two the bench, the number of bankruptcy cases sons and five grandchildren. quently, the families were informed that if they filed increased 281%. In order to deal with this did not agree to this course of action they Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me staggering case load, Judge Dahl effected a today in honoring Mr. Whitsett for his many would be detained. Despite enormous opposi­ number of changes including the adoption of tion from the families of the deceased, the years of service to the Orland community and local rules, the development of streamlined I wish him much happiness and continued Chinese government then burned all of the law and motion practices and a self-set cal­ bodies. success in all his future endeavors. endar syste~the only one of its kind in the federal courts-where litigants are able to Official inquiries about the deaths from Tai­ HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL schedule matters on the court's calendar with­ pei to Beijing have gone unanswered. The ACTIVITIES out advance approval from the court. More­ frustrated Taiwanese Government has re- . over, Judge Dahl streamlined the chapter 13 sponded by announcing a total boycott of trav­ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN process and expedited the taking of direct tes­ el to China. This action, however, can not timony during trials. bring back those individuals who perished at OF NEW YORK Besides his duties as Chief Judge, Judge Thousand Island Lake. I urge the Chinese IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dahl served as Chairman of the Ninth Circuit Government to respond immediately with full Thursday, April 14, 1994 Conference of Chief Bankruptcy Judges and information regarding the events that led to Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, this past week as such was an observer-member of the Ninth the boaters' deaths and the government's de­ many commemorative activities have taken Circuit Judicial Council. cision to burn the bodies. 7620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 STATEMENT IN SUPPORT OF U.S. the ceremony which will take place on April current crop insurance program is the avail­ DISTRICT COURT JUDGE JOSE 23d at the New Central Baptist Church in ability-or at least the probability-of emer­ CABRANES' NOMINATION TO THE Kingston, New York, celebrating the naming of gency disaster payments appropriated by Con­ U.S. SUPREME COURT Van Dyke Lane after the late Leonard Van gress. Ad hoc disaster payments in the wake Dyke, the first African American in Ulster of major natural disasters have been approved HON. NYDIA M. VEl.AzQUFZ County to be so honored. I have had the good by Congress and signed into law, by Repub­ OF NEW YORK fortune to enjoy the support of the Van Dyke lican and Democratic Presidents alike, in each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES family for many years now and can safely say of the past 8 years. Over the past 6 years alone the Federal Government has funded an Thursday, April 14, 1994 that such an honor is indeed appropriate. Mr. Van Dyke was also a political pioneer; average of $1 .5 billion in disaster payments to Ms. VELAzQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I take great he was the first African American to hold farmers. pride in standing before you today, both as the elected office in Kingston, serving as a Ward It is obvious that crop insurance and ad hoc first Puerto Rican woman elected to the U.S. 6 Alderman. His commitment to civil rights disaster assistance work at cross purposes. It House of Representatives and as a Latina. I was well known not only within our commu­ should also be obvious that adequately fund­ say proud, because this Nation is on the brink nity, but statewide, with local achievements in­ ing two separate risk management programs of an historic stei>-J>roud because a Latino­ cluding the establishment of the Ulster County will become more and more politically difficult this time a son of Borinque~s a front-runner branch of the Congress of Racial Equality. given the budget pressures facing Congress. in the candidacy to one of this Nation's most Mr. Van Dyke's leadership in the trade Mr. Speaker, the U.S. Department of Agri­ important posts. I am referring to U.S. District union community was well respected and his culture recognizes the seriousness of these Judge Jose Cabranes, a leading candidate in work again led the way for minority participa­ problems. They understand that our Nation's President Clinton's list of Supreme Court Jus­ tion and representation in the union commu­ farmers need a workable and affordable risk tice nominees. nity. Yet despite his many civic duties and re­ management program that helps protect them from production losses associated with the va­ I have known Judge Cabranes since 1976, sponsibilities, Mr. Van Dyke always found time garies of nature. The Department's proposal when I met him during his tenure as director to devote to local church affairs. of the Office of the Commonwealth of Puerto It has been a privilege to be associated with embodied in the legislation I am introducing is Rico. Since then I have come to know him as the Van Dyke family for as many years as I a comprehensive reform package designed to both a man of reason and a brilliant jurist. He have, and I feel honored to be able to share make crop insurance the primary risk manage­ ment tool for farmers. This is a proposal which is truly an individual objective in his approach in the recognition that is so justly being be­ will rechannel Federal farm disaster relief to the law, and unfaltering in his commitment stowed upon Mr. Leonard Van Dyke. to fairness. In fact, it is perhaps the L.A. spending into a single, more disciplined, on­ Times that said it best when it referred to him budget insurance program. For this kind of bold and comprehensive in­ as a pragmatic intellectual. INTRODUCTION OF THE FEDERAL Judge Cabranes' professional credentials CROP INSURANCE REFORM ACT surance program to work, Congress will have speak for themselves, beginning with his in­ OF 1994 to agree to provide adequate funding for the new insurance program. This bill also asks volvement in numerous national organizations, Congress to agree to parliamentary and budg­ a list that includes such distinctions as the HON. E de la GARZA et changes that are designed to discourage fu­ Chairmanship on the Board of Directors for OF TEXAS ture ad hoc disaster bills. While I have con­ New York's Aspira, a key role as one of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cerns about certain aspects of the administra­ Puerto Rican Legal Defense Fund's founding Thursday, April 14, 1994 tion's plan and whether the congressional members, and the General Councilship at Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, I am budget resolution will allow for adequate fund­ Yale University. As far as his work on the pleased to introduce today the Federal Crop ing, I believe the administration proposal mer­ bench is concerned, Jose Cabranes' career Insurance Reform Act of 1994, legislation de­ its our consideration in the event these issues can only be referred to as "exceptional". He is veloped by the administration to revamp the can be addressed. the first Puerto Rican jurist appointed to a current crop insurance and disaster assistance Mr. Speaker, I ask permission to have a mainland Federal court, and is praised by his programs. brief summary of the Federal Crop Insurance colleagues for the highly uncommon ability to The need for reform in the way the Federal Reform Act of 1994 printed in the CoNGRES­ approach a case as both a detached arbiter Government provides risk management assist­ SIONAL RECORD following this statement. and a firm advocate of justice. His decisions ance to our Nation's farmers has never been SUMMARY OF THE FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE are noted by all who know him, for their non­ greater. The current system is simply not REFORM ACT OF 1994 partisanship and unwavering objectivity. working as desired. REPEAL OF AD HOC DISASTER AUTHORITY President Clinton has stated that he is look­ The Federal Government currently operates The bill repeals the current legal authori­ ing for "someone of genuine stature and a a crop insurance program that loses nearly $1 ties for ad hoc crop loss disaster relief. It largeness of spirit" to fill the large shoes of re­ billion a year because too few farmers partici­ erects a parliamentary hurdle to the con­ tiring Supreme Court Justice Blackmun---Jose gressional passage of ad hoc crop loss disas­ pate to make it actuarially sound. For every ter relief bills by requiring that future ad Cabranes is that someone. He represents the dollar collected in premiums since 1981 by the very best that the law profession has to hoc crop disaster bills be "on-budget." Federal Crop Insurance Corporation-the U.S. CATASTROPHIC CROP INSURANCE COVERAGE offer-unbiased, kind in spirit and strong in re­ Department of Agriculture agency that admin­ solve-in short, he is the individual the Amer­ The bill establishes a new catastrophic isters the program-$1.47 is paid out in coverage level for all crops covered by Fed­ ican people need on the Supreme Court. claims. This high-loss ratio and the govern­ eral crop insurance. This coverage would be It is truly a pleasure to stand before you ment costs it entails are a cause of growing available to all farmers for a nominal proc­ today and join my colleagues of the Congres­ concern to the administration and to Con­ essing fee of $50 per crop per county, capped sional Hispanic Caucus in urging President at $100 per farmer per county. It provides gress. protection against yield losses greater than Clinton to nominate U.S. District Judge Jose Low farmer participation and the poor finan­ Cabranes to the United States Supreme 50 percent at a payment rate of 60 percent of cial performance of the program have been at­ the expected market price-a level com­ Court. He is truly this country's best. tributed to several factors. There are farmers parable to disaster relief programs in recent who say the premiums charged are too high years. The bill waives the processing fee for TRIBUTE TO LEONARD VAN DYKE relative to the indemnities that would be paid eligible limited resource farmers. out in a claim. Others say the yield coverage The bill encourages farmers to purchase additional private insurance coverage pro­ HON. MAURICE D. HINCHEY is too low. Some farmers have found the pa­ viding higher yield or price protection levels. perwork burden and foulups not worth the OF NEW YORK It provides targeted subsidies to encourage bother. There also seems to be a willingness IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES farmers to pursue these higher coverage lev­ of some producers to just take a gamble on els. Thursday, April 14, 1994 the weather. LINKAGE TO FARM PROGRAMS Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Speaker. It is both an But most experts agree that the biggest fac­ The bill requires participants in Federal honor and a privilege.to bring to your attention tor dissuading farmers from participating in the commodity support programs or Farmers April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7621 Home Administration farm loans to purchase mission-free performances to the public, as Oct. 9, 1993-Dror Farer and Aran Bachar at least the new catastrophic level of crop Dr. Seuffert has done for the last 35 years. He were murdered by terrorists in Wadi Kelt in insurance. This provision is designed to en­ has devoted his life to presenting music of the the Judean Desert. The Popular Front and sure a participation sufficient in scope to highest quality and diversity. As evidence, the the Islamic Jihad 'Al-Aqsa Squads' each pub­ achieve an actuarially-sound insurance pro­ licly claimed responsibility. gram. program at the award ceremony will feature Oct. 29, 1993-Chaim Mizrahi, resident of selections ranging from Verdi to Sousa, DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR NEW PROGRAM Beit-El, was kidnapped by three terrorists Gershwin to Wagner, and will include arrange­ The bill allows farmers the choice of pur­ from a poultry farm near Ramallah. He was chasing the catastrophic coverage either ments of country music, rock, and vocal ar­ murdered and his body burned. HAMAS pub­ through a private reinsured company or rangements. licly claimed responsibility for the attack. through a USDA county office. Higher levels I congratulate Dr. Seuffert on the receipt of Nov. 7, 1993-Efraim Ayubi of Kfar Darom, of insurance coverages remain available only this award and I hope he and his band will Rabbi Chaim Druckman's personal driver, through private insurers. continue to bring us music for many years to was shot to death by terrorists near Hebron. HAMAS publicly claimed responsibility for FOSTERING INDUSTRY COMPETITION come. the murder. The bill restructures premium rates to re­ Nov. 9, 1993-Salman 'Id el-Hawashla, age flect both direct Federal premium subsidies 38, an Israeli Bedouin of the Abu Rekaik and the insurers' expense reimbursement al­ MIDDLE EAST tribe who was driving a car with Israeli lowance. It allows more-efficient insurance plates, was killed by three armed men driv­ companies to pass along lowered overhead HON. JIM SAXTON ing a truck hijacked from the Gaza munici­ costs in reduced rates charged to farmers, OF NEW JERSEY pality, in a deliberate head-on collision. creating a more competitive market envi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dec. l, 1993-Shalva Ozana, age 23, Yitzhak ronment. Weinstock, age 19, were shot to death by ter­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 DISASTER ASSISTANCE FOR UNINSURABLE CROPS rorists from a moving vehicle, while. parked The bill establishes a permanent disaster Mr. SAXTON. Mr. Speaker, there is no on the side of the road to Ramallah because assistance program for those crops not cov­ doubt that honest, sincere people on both of engine trouble. Weinstock died of wounds erage by Federal crop insurance. Eligibility sides of the peace talks in the Middle E:ast the following morning. Iz a-Din al Kassam and payments would be triggered by area­ want a peaceful, diplomatic solution in that claimed responsibility for the attack, stat­ wide loss levels. Protection levels are similar area. ing that it was carried out in retaliation for the killing by Israeli forces of Imad Akel, a to those under the catastrophic insurance But, as the most recent and horrifying act of plan. wanted HAMAS leader in Gaza. terrorism in the town of Afula suggests, there Dec. 6, 1993-Mordechai Labpid and his son FISCAL AND ACTUARIAL SOUNDNESS are people and groups who want no solution Shalon Lapid, age 19, were shot to death by The bill requires that the new catastrophic in the Middle East that does not include blood terrorists near Hebron. HAMAS publicly coverage be governed by Actual Production and devastation. claimed responsibility for the attack. History (APH) yields and all other program Constituents in my district often ask, as I'm Dec. 22, 1993-Eliahu Levine and Meir changes outlined in FCIC's recently-an­ Mendelovitch were killed by shots fired at nounced "Blueprint for Financial Sound­ sure they do in everyone's district, "What is our stake in the Middle East? Why are we in­ their car from a passing vehicle in the ness" initiative designed to move the Fed­ Ramallah area. HAMAS claimed responsibil­ eral crop insurance program toward fiscal volved there?" ity. and actuarial soundness. One need not travel farther than Manhattan Dec. 23, 1993-Anatoly Kolisnikov, an BUDGET AUTHORITY AND PROGRAM COST or Brooklyn in New York to find an answer to Ashdod resident employed as a relief watch­ The bill combines congressional spending that question. The same groups who preach man at a construction site there, was for crop insurance (current'iy designated on­ hate and blood revenge exhibited their brand stabbed to death while on duty. budget) and ad hoc disaster spending (cur­ of public relations by blowing up a bomb in the Dec. 31, 1993-Chaim Weizman and David rently designated emergency, off-budget World Trade Center. Bizi were found murdered in a Ramle apart­ spending) into a single unified on-budget And it is rumored that these same groups ment. ID cards of two Gaza residents were program. Costs for operating the new pro­ may be involved in the attempted murder of a found in the apartment, together with a leaf­ gram are estimated at about $8.1 billion for busload of American schoolchildren. let of the Popular Front 'Red Eagle' group, fiscal years 1995 through 1999. This rep­ What is this Government doing about the claiming responsibility for the murder. Jan. 12, 1994--Moshe Becker of Rishon Le­ resents a five-year savings of about $750 mil­ spread of well-financed and well-organized ter­ lion compared to the projected cost of the Zion was stabbed to death by three Palestin­ current Federal crop insurance program plus rorist cells in the United States? ian employees while working in his orchard. the average annual cost for ad hoc crop loss I am inserting in the RECORD the names of The Popular Front claimed responsibility for disaster relief programs over the past dec­ civilians murdered in Israel since the signing the murder. ade. of the Declaration of Principles, the so-called Jan. 14, 1994--Grigory Ivanov was stabbed Middle East Peace Accord in September, to death by a terrorist in the industrial zone 1993. These are names like Mizrahi, Vaknin, at the Erez junction, near the Gaza Strip. RECOGNIZING DR. GEORGE Ozana. Over 30 civilians murdered in over 22 HAMAS claimed responsibility for the at­ tack. SEUFFERT'S RECEIPT OF THE terrorist attacks in 7 months. CRYSTAL AWARD Feb. 9, 1994--Ilan Sudri, a taxi driver, was Will this Government step up its investiga­ kidnapped and murdered while returning tion of these groups who have already at­ home from work. The Islamic Jihad Shekaki HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER tacked Americans when the roll call of their group sent a message to the news agencies OF NEW YORK dead starts reading Smith or Jones? claiming responsibility for the murder. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Or will this Government move decisively Feb. 10, 1994-Nafrali Sahar, a citrus grow­ against these groups before more Americans er, was murdered by blows to his head. His Thursday, April 14, 1994 are added to the list? body was found in his orchard near Kibbutz Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, one of the Na'an. ATTACKS AGAINST ISRAELI CITIZENS SINCE THE Feb. 17, 1994--Yuval Golan, stabbed on De­ pleasures of serving in this legislative body is SIGNING OF THE DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES cember 29, 1993 by a terrorist near Adarim in the opportunity we occasionally get to ac­ Since the signing of the Declaration of the Hebron area, died of his wounds. knowledge publicly the outstanding citizens of Principles between Israel and the PLO on Feb. 19, 1994--Zipora Sasson, resident of our nation. September 13, 1993, 39 Israeli civilians and Ariel and five months pregnant, was killed I am pleased to announce today that con­ soldiers have been killed in terrorist at­ on the trans-Samaria highway in an ambush ductor Dr. George Seuffert will be presented tacks, as follows: In Judea, Samaria and the by shots fired at her car. The terrorists were Gaza Strip---14 civilians and 5 soldiers; with­ members of HAMAS. with the Music Performance Trust Fund's first in the Green Lin&-19 civilians and 1 soldier. Crystal Award. I can think of no man more de­ Feb. 25, 1994-Sam Eisenstadt, age 80, was CIVILIANS serving of this honor than Dr. Seuffert. This assaulted with an axe in the center of Kfar Sep. 24, 1993-Yigal Vaknin was stabbed to Saba. He died of his wounds shortly after­ newly-established annual award is given to death in an orchard near the trailer home wards. that musician whose . work exemplifies the where he lived near the village of Basra. A Mar. 23, 1994--Victor Lashchiver, employed Fund's goal of enhancing music appreciation squad of the HAMAS' Iz a-Din al Kassam as a guard at the Income Tax offices in East and education through the presentation of ad- claimed responsibility for the attack. Jerusalem, was shot and killed near Damas- 7622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 cus Gate on his way to work. The Popular 7 and seriously wounded forty, and yester­ held accountable in condemning them. This Front claimed responsibility for the attack. day's incident in Hadera which killed six peo­ peace process cannot go forward at any price, Mar. 29, 1994-Yitzhak Rothenberg, age 70 ple and wounded 25. This blast in Hadera and the Israelis have been restrained after of Petah Tikva, was attacked on a construc­ tion site by two residents of Khan Yunis by came about an hour before a nationwide 2- these two incidents by agreeing to continue axe blows to the head. He died several days minute siren for Memorial Day, which honors the negotiations despite these murderous acts. later of his wounds. The murderers, appre­ Israeli soldiers killed in the Mideast wars. Isra­ But how much longer can this be allowed to hended the next day, stated that they car­ el's Independence Day starts tonight, and continue? ried out the attack in order to clear them­ Hamas has said a new bombing campaign will Mr. Speaker, I call upon the PLO to con­ selves of suspected collaboration with the Is­ be tied to this observance. demn these acts immediately as well as for rael authorities. Mr. Speaker, if you recall, after the Hebron the world community to speak out. Mar. ~1. 1994-Yosef Zandani, .age 2.8 of Bnei incident, the PLO refused to resume peace Ayish, near Gedera, was found murdered in talks with Israel unless there was a U.N. Res­ his apartment. Near the body was a leaflet of APOLLO 11 MISSION REMEMBERED the DFLP "Red Star", explaining that the olution condemning it. The Rabin government murder was carried out in revenge for the condemned the Hebron incident and offered shooting of one of its members by an Israeli compensation to the families of the victims. HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA citizen. The Israeli acted in self-defense. There was a lot of effort expended between OF CALIFORNIA Apr. 6, 1994-Asher Attia, 48, of Afula, bus the United States, Israel and the PLO to work IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES driver; Vered Mordechai, 13, of Afula; Maya out a compromise to condemn Hebron in Elharar, 17, of Afula; Ilana Schreiber, 45, a order to satisfy PLO demands that action be Thursday, April 14, 1994 teacher from Kibbutz Nir David; Meirav Ben­ taken. In addition, an international police force Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, July 20, 1994, Moshe, 16, of Afula; Ayala Vahaba, 40, a marks the 25th anniversary of the historic teacher from Afula; and Fadiya Shalabi, 25, has been set up in Hebron to protect the Pal­ of Iksal were killed in a car-bomb attack on estinians. Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. a bus in the center of Afula. HAMAS claimed Mr. Speaker, at this time, to my knowledge, The moment when Astronaut Neil Armstrong responsibility for the attack. Mr. Arafat has not condemned these acts at planted his foot onto the surface of the Moon Apr. 7, 1994-Yishai Gadassi, age 32 of all. I find this double standard reprehensible will be heralded for all time as one of the Kvutzat Yavne, was shot and killed at a and unacceptable. The Government of Israel greatest achievements of humankind in the hitchhiking post at the Ashdod junction by a is not threatening to cut off the peace talks, in 20th century. member of HAMAS. The terrorist was killed fact, Prime Minister Rabin has insisted--de­ The. Apollo 11 Moon Landing renewed faith by bystanders at the scene. spite these horrendous terrorist acts-that the in our Nation's ability to respond to any chal­ SOLDIERS AND SECURITY PERSONNEL talks continue in order to complete the pullout lenge, no matter how great and captured the Oct. 24, 1993-Two IDF soldiers, Staff Ser­ from Gaza and Jericho as soon as possible. imagination and dreams of the entire world. geant (res.) Ehud Rot, age 35, and Sergeant As a matter of fact, all Arafat was quoted in I introduce this resolution designating July Dan Levi, age 23, were killed by a HAMAS Iz Strasbourg today as saying was that this inci­ 1~24, 1994, as "National Apollo Anniversary a-Din al Kassam squad. The two entered a Subaru with Israeli license plates outside a dent "strikes at the heart of the peace proc­ Observance" in hopes of recapturing and re­ Jewish settlement in the Gaza Strip, whose ess." He said that he did not know who car­ kindling the spirit that landed man on the passengers were apparently terrorists dis­ ried out the bombing. When Israeli President Moon. guised as Israelis. Following a brief struggle, Ezer Weizman attacked Arafat for failing to Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join the soldiers were shot at close range and condemn the Afula killing, Arafat said that "Is­ me in cosponsoring this resolution that will killed. HAMAS publicly claimed responsibil­ raeli counter-measures after Hebron had serve to remind use that our Nation has the ity for the attack. prompted regrettable reactions, which we re­ · ingenuity and the will to meet the challenges Nov. 17, 1993-Sergeant First Class Chaim ject, from Palestinian extremists against Israeli of progress that await us as we near the dawn Darina, age 37, was stabbed by a Gazan ter­ rorist while seated at the cafeteria at the citizens, as happened in Afula." But, wary of of the 21st century. Nahal Oz road block at the entrance to the losing support to Hamas as autonomy negotia­ Gaza Strip. The perpetrator was appre­ tions drag on with few tangible results, he also hended. The Islamic Jihad claimed respon­ said "Israel had created the conditions for COMMEMORATION OF THE 50TH sibility for the murder. such attacks." This is from a man that will be ANNIVERSARY OF THE HOLO­ Dec. 5, 1993-David Mashrati, a reserve sol­ responsible for keeping Gaza and Jericho in CAUST IN HUNGARY dier, was shot and killed by a terrorist at­ control? tempting to board a bus on route 641 at the Arafat also said that yesterday should have HON. TOM LANI'OS Holon junction. The Islamic Jihad Shekaki been the day for final withdrawal of Israeli group claimed responsibility for the attack. OF CALIFORNIA Dec. 24, 1993-Lieutenant Colonel Meir forces from Gaza and Jericho under the Dec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES laration of Principles-as if to suggest that if Mintz, commander of the IDF special forces Thursday, April 14, 1994 in the Gaza area, was shot and killed by ter­ Israel had pulled out on the original timetable, rorists in an ambush on his jeep at the T­ these incidents would not have occurred. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, March 19 marks junction in Gaza. The HAMAS Iz a-Din al Arafat also said "ifs the delay in implementing the tragic 50th anniversary of the Holocaust in Kassam squads publicly claimed responsibil­ the decisions (of the automony talks) that Hungary. Fifty years ago on March 19, 1944, ity for the attack. causes these catastrophes because it gives Nazi German military forces occupied Hungary Feb. 13, 1994-Noam Cohen, age 2.8, member the extremists the possibility to have a good and established complete control of Hungary, of the General Security Service, was shot and killed in an ambush on his car. Two of reason to act." In his prepared text to the par­ although the Hungarian government at that his colleagues who were also in the vehicle liamentary assembly of the 32-nation Council time was already an ally of Germany. suffered moderate injuries. HAMAS claimed today, which promotes democracy and human Even before the Nazi occupation of Hun­ responsibility for the attack. rights, Arafat made these tough remarks and gary, Adolf Eichmann was personally prepar­ his speech ran counter to a conciliatory note ing to supervise the extermination of the Jews struck by PLO negotiator Nabil Shaath at the in Hungary. Eichmann was the notorious SS TERRORIST ATTACKS IN ISRAEL autonomy talks which were adjourned for at officer who headed the Nazi "Jewish Depart­ least four days in Cairo on Tuesday. menf' and had been involved in implementing HON. GARY L ACKERMAN Mr. Speaker, I am absolutely disgusted and the "final solution" in a number of other areas OF NEW YORK appalled at the lack of response by Mr. Arafat. before he· arrived in Budapest in the spring of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES How can it be that the world condemns He­ 1944. By this time, Eichmann and his hench­ bron but there is no pressure to bear upon men had become particularly skillful and effi­ Thursday, April 14, 1994 Arafat and the PLO to condemn the incidents cient in their hellish task. Women, children, old Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in Afula and Hadera in the strongest terms! people and the few men who had not already to express my outrage at the two recent terror­ Why is it that there is a double standard ·ap­ been pressed into forced labor to serve the ist attacks that occurred in Israel over the past plied here for the PLO, which has repeatedly Hungarian and German military forces on the week: The first massacre in Afu1a, which killed engaged in terrorist activities and yet is not Russian front were packed into sealed box- April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7623 cars and forced to stand for days in damp, time. I was ten years old at that time, and I re­ and in all our lives, survivors who are here cold and searing heat, without food or drink or. member the day because the headlines of the today. Life was never the same. You remem­ sanitary facilities. The lucky ones died, the newspapers in Budapest spoke of the ber the law that was passed, if you can call strong survived to reach the death camps. Anschluss. I bought a newspaper with my own it a law, ordering that every Jew wore the yellow star and all those other laws that It was in July of 1944 that Raoul money that day. I took it home and I felt, as were enacted to deprive Hungarian citizens Wallenberg, at the request of the United a 1O year old boy. that something fundamen­ of rights that belonged to them, only be­ States War Refugee Board, arrived in Buda­ tally had changed in the lives of millions of cause they were Jews. And what was remark­ pest in a last effort to rescue as many as he people in Europe. And it did. able, friends, that Adolph Eichmann, the could save. During the final seven months of Our mission is to fight. There is no room in Beast, with a 150 Gestapo aided and abetted the nightmare-at a time when the rest of the 1994 in the United States for silent Jews or si­ by the Gendarmerie and the Fascist cohorts world was blind and deaf to the suffering mil­ lent citizens of any kind. The bystander who of Hungary, were able to cleanse the Hungar­ ian country side-within three months Hun­ lions-Wallenberg's selfless and heroic acts chooses not to notice or participate in the per­ garian Jews of the country side with the ex­ saved the lives of tens of thousands of his fel­ petration of hatred is almost as guilty as the ception of Budapest were deported first to low women and men. Mr. Speaker, as many perpetrator of hatred. We have seen them ghettos, just like my grandparents from of my colleagues know, my wife Annette and throughout Europe. A few days ago I was tell­ Korozsmezo the Mateszalka ghetto, that in I were among those fortunate individuals who ing President Kravchuk of Ukraine that we are cattle cars to Auschwitz to be gassed and were saved through the efforts of Raoul anxious and eager to build a new relationship never to be seen alive. Wallenberg and others who were inspired by with his country, but not at the cost of sweep­ We, who survived, went through hell of persecution and oppression, we lost our dear his example to fight against the vicious evil ing under the rug the nightmarish history of and loved ones in the gas chambers of Ausch­ unleashed by Hitler and his henchmen like the past. We will not remain silent when a witz and Treblinka and the death marches to Eichmann. German court in 1994 considers German pub­ Mauthausen. I am glad Cantor Malovany Mr. Speaker, I am fortunate enough to have lic figures innocent when they deny that the chose Psalm 16, because it was God who 15 grandchildren, and every time I look at Holocaust ever occurred. Denial is the first saved us, and he saved us not because you them, play with them, talk to them-and I do step towards the commission of crimes of un­ and I were any better, but because he ex­ that every spare moment I have-I see the speakable proportions. tended our lives for a purpose: we have to be tens of thousands of little Hungarian chil­ the conscience and we have to remind the As we commemorate, as we educate and world that indeed the human tragedy of the dren-the infants, the toddlers, grade as we are determined to fight, we should be Holocaust took place. Never mind the revi­ schoolers, high schoolers, the ones who were filled with the knowledge that long after the sionist historians who challenge it, we are university age-and I think what the world has Hilters, the Saddam Husseins, and Kadhaffis the witnesses, many of us still carry the lost as this mindless insanity devoured these of this world have been thrown into the dust numbers on our arms and the stark haunting beautiful and promising lives. heap of history, every single one of our loved memories. How dare they challenge the trag­ I knew that this year would be a year of ones and what they stood for, what they edy of our people. So, unfortunately the commemoration of the tragic events. For me preached, and what they fought for will remain clock is ticking-we are 50 years older, but what we must do today in memory of those that commemoration started a little early-just forever as a beacon to humankind. of our loved ones who didn't make it, is to a year ago, President Clinton called me and Mr. Speaker, to observe the 50th anniver­ make a pledge. to a resolution that as long asked me to be his representative and take a sary of the unspeakable tragedy and horror of as God gives us life, we will make sure that remarkable group of men and women, leaders those who suffered in Hungary, a special com­ their memory is not forgotten. of the American Jewish and American Polish memoration was held on March 20 in New Furthermore, we pledge ourselves on this community, to Warsaw for the commemoration York City. This observance was sponsored by 50th Anniversary that the neo-nazis and of the 50th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto the U.S. Commission for the Preservation of those who are spreading venom and hatred that divide man from man, that they will Uprising. It was an incredible experience to America's Heritage Abroad, the World Federa­ not have their day on earth. Who would have walk through the streets of that ghetto with tion of Hungarian Jews, the American Gather­ thought after the loss of 600,000 Hungarian Yitzhak Rabin and AL GORE to pay tribute to ing/Federation of Jewish Holocaust Survivors, Jews that in democratic Hungary today that incredible Jewish community. It is now the and the Emanuel Foundation. there are forces who are trying to undermine time to remember the Hungarian Jews. Mr. Speaker, I am placing in the Record the that fragile democracy, who use code names · We commemorate, but that is not enough. outstanding remarks of the participants on that that we are all familiar with: bolshevik We must also make a commitment to fight occasion: Rabbi Arthur Schneier, Chairman· of which is a code word for Jew, for they claim with every conceivable weapon at our com­ the Commission for the Preservation of Ameri­ that too many non-Hungarians are in the press and the television. And what about mand every sign of bigotry and hatred, wheth­ ca's Heritage Abroad and Senior Rabbi of the some of the antisemitic onslaught by ex­ er it involves Jews or not. I commend Warren Park East Synagogue in New York; remarks of tremists, by fascists who once brought about Christopher for telling the Chinese leadership Ambassador Andre Erdos, Permanent Rep­ the disaster to the Hungarian nation and to that the rape of Buddhist nuns must come to resentative of Hungary to the United Nations; the Hungarian Jewish community and are an end, so must the incarceration of people and remarks of Tsuriel Raphael, Deputy Con­ tempering with the destiny and the future of who have committed no crime except to ar­ sul General of Israel in New York. Hungarian democracy. ticulate the basic views of the founders of this Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to give So, it is a painful commemoration: we see ethnic cleansing in our days, we see anti­ republic, and I look with disdain upon some serious and thoughtful attention to these re­ semitism, xenophobia, hate the stranger, and members of the business community who feel marks. it is all happening 50 years after the tragic that pragmatic considerations must have the ADDRESS BY RABBI ARTHUR SCHNEIER, CHAIR­ days of the Holocaust. And finally my upper hand. By pragmatic considerations I un­ MAN, U.S. COMMISSION FOR THE PRESERVA­ friends, another painful recollection: I fled derstand that you sell them the gas chambers TION OF AMERICA' S HE.RITAGE ABROAD Vienna as a child in Budapest and I can tell and that improves the bottom line. When Sad­ Congressman Lantos, your excellencies, you that I spoke German in Vienna and be­ dam Hussein said that he will burn down half Ambassador Erdos, distinguished clergy, cause I spoke German and Hungarian I of Israel, he had on his side some of the in­ dear friends, first I would like to introduce worked as a messenger for the Jewish com­ the representatives of the diplomatic corps munity and I carried some of the correspond­ dustrial and financial leadership of Western because during the darkest days there was ence to the headquarters of the Beast Eich­ Europe. It is not without risk to speak out some light-there were embassies in Buda­ mann and that black uniform is still before against these things, but we must speak out. pest who in the fall of '44 tried to rescue me for as long as I live. And I also met the We have the mission to commemorate and some Jews. Raul Wallenberg is a great hero, Knight of Righteousness on a white horse, educate upcoming generations about what it but so there were others: I'd like to call on Raul Wallenberg. The Beast of Men and the means when the forces of evil are unleashed representatives of Swiss, Sweden, Spain, Best of Men. Human nature hasn't changed, and prevail. The Holocaust did not begin with Portugal, the Vatican, also the Ambassador my friends: there is the beast of us and the gas chambers-it began with words, hatred of Romania to the U .N. best of us and the beasts are raising their I remember that on the eve of my birthday voices and too many of the best are keeping and bigotry. It began with Austria's population on Sunday, March 19, 1944 I was in Budapest silent. Let us make sure that the beasts will cheering as Hilter's troops entered Vienna. If on a rainy afternoon when I .saw the first not prevail, let us make sure that the Eich­ you have any doubt of that, go to the Holo­ Nazi troops marching on the streets of Buda­ manns will not prevail again. That is your caust Museum and see newsreel film of that pest. That caused a total change in my life task and my task. 79--059 0-97 Vol. 140 (Pt. 6) 9 7624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 But the world has changed; we carry the of Israel, a member State of the United Na­ Quotas barring Jewish refugees from enter­ pain, we carry the scars .... look at these tions, the collapse of totalitarian States and ing the democratic countries forced them to two flags. There is a state of Israel-had ideologies, and the triumph worldwide of the turn back to their deaths. The gates of Pal­ there been a state of Israel at that time ideas of democracy and human rights. As a estine were kept closed by the British. many of our loved ones would have been result of epochal changes that, like a whirl­ Some even helped the Nazis do the devil's spared. Had there been a Hungary at that wind, swept across the globe 4-5 years ago, handiwork. The fascist allies and collabo­ time based on democratic institutions, those our conviction about the power of truth, the rators of the Nazis in Hungary and elsewhere laws couldn't have been enacted. Then the power of freedom and justice have become assisted in the process of murdering Jews. greatest bastion of democracy, the United stronger than ever. But there were the others: the Righteous States; had America at the time taken the However the optimistic predictions about a Gentiles-Hasidei Umot Haolam-who are same position on human rights that Torn new world order after the euphoric trans­ their very own peril, risking their lives and Lantos is taking in Congress and that the formations in the international landscape the lives of their own families, acted to save U.S. President is taking today, Nazi Ger­ have proven painfully premature. The simul­ the Jews. mans and their Hungarian collaborators taneous assault of old and new problems has Heading this effort in Hungary was the would not have dared do what they did. A brought about a world that might seem, on Swedish diplomat, Raoul Wallenberg. His world of silence, but no longer. Human rights sowing division amongst us, on turning courage saved many Jewish lives. We shall is a basic corner stone of the American pol­ neighbor against neighbor and on contami­ never forget him. He shall always be remem­ icy today and let that be understood by any nating people's, especially young people's bered as a hero in our history. He did not de­ nation who wants to enter the international minds with the venom of exclusion and un­ serve his ultimate fate, and someday, hope­ community. The only way there is an entry bridled fundamentalism. And we sure know fully, light will be shed on what befell him. to that standard is a commitment to human that those who, half a century ago, were Although the State of Israel did not yet rights and religious freedom. killed and exterminated, who perished in the exist, the Yishuv in Eretz Yisrael was deter­ So the world has changed and we say in our flames of a well-planned, rnethodic barba­ mined to do its pa.rt-despite the obstacles prayers . . . to life and not to death. Hungar­ rism are with us today, they are here in this set by others-to fight Hitler and help the ian Jews were transplanted to different parts synagogue, their sacrifices and their memo­ Jews in peril. Young men and women were of the world: here in the U.S., Israel, Aus­ ries won't go away, making our commitment parachuted into Europe. One such person was tralia, Canada, Sweden. They have made ever stronger not only to be sensitive to vio­ Hannah Senesh, a brave and talented young their contribution to those countries and we lations of fundamental human rights, of the woman who immigrated to Israel from Hun­ are committed and determined to work for rights of national, religious, linguistic, ra­ gary in 1939. After parachuting into Hun- · life not for destruction. cial or other minorities, not only to raise gary, she was captured, imprisoned, tortured awareness of such infringements and dis­ and finally executed. Her heroism and cour­ ADDRESS BY AMBASSADOR ANDRE ERDOS, PER­ criminations, but also to be ready to act, not age have forever earned her a very special MANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REPUBLIC in words, but in deeds, by sending out the place in the history and memory of the Jew­ OF HUNGARY TO THE UNITED NATIONS only right message at the end of this much­ ish people. Today she rests along with the We are gathered here today to commemo­ suffering century; the world, the powerful other heroes of Israel on Har Herzl. rate events that took place half a century forces of democracy reaffirm faith in the dig­ The Jewish people suffered a calamity, a ago. Fifty years is a rather long period of nity and worth of the human being and they horrible and traumatic loss of one-third of time. It definitely is by human standards. shall simply not tolerate attempts at under­ our people. But in the end it was the Nazis And so much can change and has, indeed, mining the very foundations upon which our who were defeated, and it is we who have changed in the course of five decades, the civilization rests. survived. To make good on this promise is the best The Holocaust meant death. The State of ranks of those who went through hell are Israel means life. Israel rose like a phoenix wearing thin with each passing day. As the we all can do in Hungary, in the United States, in Israel and elsewhere to keep alive from the ashes-home to many of the survi­ number of survivors dwindles, the need to re­ vors of the Holocaust, from Hungary and call seems to grow. To recall hell, to recall the names and faces, the smiles and tears, the humanity of the millions of martyrs, so from the other lands of war-torn Europe. the darkest pages of mankind's history, of It is incumbent upon us to remember what Hungary's history. that their fate, long after the holocaust, would continue to inspire and keep alert gen­ happened so that we will honor the memory I feel privileged to be able to address you of the victims-for it is only their memory on this day as Permanent Representative of erations to come. that they have left. the Republic of Hungary to the United Na­ We also must not forget, because the Holo­ tions. I feel honored to join in and add demo­ ADDRESS BY TSURIEL RAPHAEL, DEPUTY caust has a vital lesson for the future. Ha­ cratic Hungary's voice to the solemn com­ COUNSUL GENERAL OF ISRAEL, NEW YORK tred and fanaticism are evils that must memoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Rabbi Schneier, Congressman Lantos, Am­ never be ignored. What may begin only as the holocaust of Hungarian Jewry. Fifty bassador Erdos, distinguished guests and words, in the writings or speeches of extrem­ years ago, it was 1944, a particularly dra­ friends, on behalf of Medinat Yisrael and the ist demagogues, can lead to horrible atroc­ matic year in contemporary Hungarian his­ Consulate of Israel, I am honored to bring ities, mass murder, and genocide. tory, fateful for the German occupation of you greetings on this solemn occasion. The antisemitism and extremism of the country, for the deportation of hundreds On the eve of World War II, 650,000 Jews Zhirinovsky, Pamyat, HAMAS, Hizbollah, Is­ of thousands of Hungarians of Jewish faith lived in Hungary and in the areas under Hun­ lamic Jihad, Farrakhan, the Nation of Islam, or descent, for the beginning of devastating garian control. In March 1944, Germany in­ Khaddafi, Teheran, the skin-heads and the military operations on Hungarian territory, vaded Hungary and Eichmann marched into neo-Nazis follows the path set by the Nazis a for the last minute desperate and unsuccess­ Budapest to begin the "final solution" for half century ago. Those who deny that the ful attempt at extricating Hungary from the the Jews of Hungary. By the end of the war, Holocaust ever happened are allies of these war, and for the seizure of power by thugs of most of the Jews who had lived in Hungary hatemongers. the Hungarian Nazi Arrow-Cross Party and were no more. They had joined the other 5.5 We applaud the decision taken by the UN the introduction of a reign of terror unparal­ million Jews, altogether 6 million Jews-­ Human Rights Commission in Geneva this leled in Hungarian history in its consistency men, women, and children-who were mur­ month to condemn antisemitism as a form of and brutality. dered by Nazi Germany and its supporters. A bigotry and racism, and to include the mon­ The world has definitely changed since once vibrant community was torn asunder itoring of antisemitism as one of the Com­ then. Even that somber year of 1944, after its and destroyed. mission's tasks. procession of destruction and sufferings, Today we honor the memory of the Jews of Israel will continue to fight its own battle ended with more than a glimmer of hope: as Hungary, as, indeed, we honor the other vic­ against antisemitism and the violence of ex­ a result of the combined efforts of the Allied tims of the Holocaust. tremism. We believe that in our pa.rt of the Powers both from the East and the West, the Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, it is world-in the Middle East-the quest for last chapter in the crushing of the German called in English the Holocaust, in Hebrew peace with security will enable us ultimately war-machine finally began, the Hitlerites Hashoah-but the immensity of the crime to defeat the advocates of hate and the per­ and their Hungarian accomplices were being and the evil that was perpetrated, the inten­ petrators of terror, murder, and aggression­ driven out of the country, the siege of Buda­ sity and depth of the horror and despair, the from wherever they come. pest to rid it of the Nazi presence com­ massiveness of the destruction and slaughter This we owe to the memory of our brothers menced and the Provisional National Assem­ cannot be contained in just one word. and sisters in Hungary and throughout Eu­ bly of a new, free Hungary held its first ses­ At the time, most of the world cast a blind rope who perished in the Holocaust. This we sion in Debrecen. In the course of this last eye to the horrors of what was happening to owe to the survivors who made their home in half a century, we have seen the emergence the Jews in the ghettos and in the death Israel. of an alliance of powerful and democratic camps. The nations of the world convened in Dear friends, on behalf of the State of Is­ States, the establishment and consolidation Bermuda in 1943 and decided to do nothing. rael and the Consulate General here in New April 14, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7625 York, I thank ·you for holding this com­ ceptional scenic charm. Located on the origi­ sources, the environment, the sciences, cul­ memoration today. The flags of the United nal site of Fort Brady, an old army post built tural resource management, historic preserva­ States, democratic Hungary, and Israel here in 1822, LSSU looks out over the St. Marys tion, and archeology; today symbolize the friendship between our three nations, and the values in which we be­ River and the Soo Locks where today 70 per­ Preserve the heritage of the delta region lieve. cent of our country's iron ore passes on its and promote cultural tourism through designat­ Next week we shall be celebrating Passover way to production in Detroit, Cleveland and ing historically significant roads and waterways (Pessah) and three weeks after that Yorn the rest of the world. within the region; and Haatzmaut, rejoining in our liberation from Northern Michigan and the Upper Peninsula Provide energy efficient improvements to bondage in ancient Egypt and in modern are proud of the accomplishments of the schools, hospitals and low-income dwellings times the rebirth of the State of Israel. As we remember the Jews of Hungary who Lakers. They are champions in academics and within the delta region. had nowhere to turn, losing first their free­ on the frozen pond. On behalf of Michigan's dom and then their lives in the Holocaust, First District, I congratulate the Lake Superior let us cherish our own freedom and be thank­ State University Lakers for their Championship INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION ful that we live in a time when there is a in men's Division I hockey. I look forward to PROTECTING THE RELIGIOUS State of Israel in which Jews can find refuge, next year's run at the championship and dare USE OF PEYOTE BY INDIANS IN and a home. I say DYNASTY. TRADITIONAL CEREMONIES

TRIBUTE TO THE NCAA DIVISION I LOWER MISSISSIPPI DELTA HON. Bill RICHARDSON NATIONAL CHAMPION LAKE SU­ INITIATIVES ACT OF NEW MEXICO PERIOR STATE UNIVERSITY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES LAKERS HOCKEY TEAM HON. BLANCHE M. LAMBERT Thursday, April 14, 1994 OF ARKANSAS Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, today I am HON. BART SllJP AK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES introducing legislation to make statutory the OF MICHIGAN Thursday, April 14, 1994 protection now provided by Federal regulation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the laws of 28 States for the religious use Thursday, April 14, 1994 Ms. LAMBERT. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased today to introduce a bill to help revitalize the of peyote by Indian practitioners. This legisla­ Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mississippi Delta region through economic de­ tion to protect the first amendment right of In­ pay tribute to the NCAA Division I National velopment, expanded tourism and educational dians to use peyote as a sacrament is made Champion Lake Superior State University opportunities. necessary by the ruling of the Supreme Court Lakers Hockey T earn. Although they are a As our Nation has moved from an economy of the United States in the case of Employ­ small school, they are as large as the Soo based on agriculture to a more industrial base, ment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990). Locks when it comes to hockey. In addition to we have watched the delta slip behind. Em­ Peyote, the scientific name of which is their 1988 national championship, they have ployment opportunities have plummeted and Lophophora willaimsii, is a small, spineless been to the finals in each of the past 3 years, educational reputations have sagged. But we cactus that grows only in the Rio Grande val­ winning the national championship in 1992 have everything we need to attract new indus­ ley of Texas and northern Mexico. Native and again this year. It wasn't easy. The tries and jobs right there in the Delta. Simply American religious use of peyote was discov­ Lakers registered a fabulous first round over­ put, this bill will help us to organize our most ered by Spanish explorers in the 1600's and time victory over their downstate rivals, the valuable resources-people. has continued to the present. Such use exists University of Michigan. In the semifinals they As chairman of the Delta Caucus, I am hon­ today, largely through the Native American notched another victory against the Crimson of ored to offer this bill as the beginning of my Church of North America [NAC], among about Harvard, thanks to team captain, Clayton commitment to transform the Delta Initiatives 50 Indian tribes in the United States. The NAC Beddoes' overtime goal. In the finals, Lake into public policy. This bill will set up partner­ is the present-day embodiment of one of the Superior State dropped the Boston Terriers ships between universities and private busi­ oldest religious traditions in the Western Hemi­ quicker than the temperature falls in Michi­ nesses. It will help us pool our resources, sphere. Anthropologists date the sacramental gan's Upper Peninsula. LSSU won the Cham­ share ideas and expand economic growth in a use of the peyote cactus among indigenous pionship with a second period storm of goals seven-State region along the Mississippi peoples back 10,000 years. The contemporary leading to a 9-1 final score. Sean Tellaire River. The Lower Mississippi Delta Jnitiatives NAC was first incorporated in Oklahoma in picked up a hat trick on his way to being hon­ Act will cover all of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mis­ 1918, and now has chapters in 20 States. ored as tournament MVP. Goalie Blaine sissippi, and parts of Tennessee, Illinois, Ken­ About 250,000 American Indians are affiliated Lacher came up big with a NCAA record 375 tucky, and Missouri. with the NAC. minutes between the pipes without giving up a Many of the ideas contained in this bill have Mr. Speaker, the Federal District Court in goal. Defensemen Steven Barnes and Keith been implemented with success in our States. New Mexico, in the 1986 case of Toledo v. Aldridge, who made the all-tournament first Business incubators, which this bill encour­ Nobel-Sysco, Inc., held that the religious use team, reinforced the old sports adage; defense ages, have produced amazing results. By of­ of peyote was not illegal. The court found wins championships. Although there were fering fledgling businesses office space and that- many spectacular performances, this was truly technical assistance, incubators have helped Church peyote users believe that peyote is a team effort. Coach Jeff Jackson emphasizes 80 percent of the businesses they've worked a sacred and powerful plant. Peyote is seen the team and his teams are consistent winners with succeed. In contrast, 80 percent of the as a medicine, a protector, and a teacher. In on and off the ice. small businesses that have started out on their terms used by other religions, peyote can be called a sacrament, something which when The athletic achievement at Lake State is own have failed. Ideas in this bill are results­ only matched by its excellence in academics. eaten gives awareness of God. The use of pe­ oriented, with the bottom line being economic yote is central to the Native American pe­ Its 3,300 students benefit from modern facili­ development. yote religion. The religion teaches that ties and extension programs in Traverse City, The Delta Initiatives Act establishes a Fed­ those who use peyote must not use alcohol. Alpena, Petskey, Escanaba, and Ironwood. eral effort led by the Departments of Interior It encourages love of parents and obedience The school specializes in baccalaureate de­ and Energy to, among other things: to parents, fidelity to a spouse, and charity grees in such diverse subjects as Business, Stimulate economic development through an towards others. The peyote religion does not Nursing, Engineering Tech, along with Biology, operating grant to the Lower Mississippi Delta prohibit members from also practicing other Chemistry and Criminal Justice. Because of Development Center located in Memphis, TN.; religions. the small size, students receive personal at­ Boost growth in energy services, manufac­ While the first amendment right of Indian tention from professors and faculty. Students turing and exports through a newly created practitioners of the peyote religion is endan­ graduate well-trained, capable, and prepared Delta technology and business development gered by the Smith decision, its religious use to conquer todays job market. center; is basically noncontroversial. Attempts by the Nestled on the beautiful eastern end of Lake Establish educational initiatives and scholar­ Congress to recognize and protect this right Superior, Lake State boasts a campus of ex- ships in the area of aquaculture, natural re- have a long history. When the House of Rep- 7626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 14, 1994 resentatives passed H.R. 2, which became the gious user, and, in fact, is often helpful in con­ gered the very religious practice, the tradi­ Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965, it trolling that scourge which afflicts many Indian tional use of peyote by Indians, which was im­ protected the right of Indians to use peyote in people, alcoholism and alcohol abuse. All paired in the Smith case. Justice O'Connor connection with the ceremonies of a certified courts that have made factual findings regard­ made clear in her concurring opinion in the religious organization. The Senate omitted that ing the religious use of peyote by Indians have Smith case that, even if the "compelling gov­ specific protection, preferring that substances correctly concluded that such is not harmful. ernment interest" test was applied, she would be included on such a list on a case-by-case If there already exists an exemption in Fed­ still find that the State of Oregon had a right basis. Congressman Harris assured House eral regulations for the religious use of peyote to abrogate Smith's religious right to the use members that such omissions would not pre­ by Indians, and if 28 States have some similar of peyote. This is an unacceptable result to vent bona fide religious use because courts protective laws, the question could be raised the NAC and its members, particularly in light had already upheld peyote use as a first as to why this legislation is necessary to pro­ of the fact that, as correctly pointed out by amendment right. The administration then tect this first amendment right of members of Justice Blackmun in his dissent, Oregon's po­ added peyote to Schedule I by administrative the Native American Church. sition that it has an interest in protecting its regulation in 1966, but provided an exemption First, while the church has appreciated the citizens from the dangers of peyote rests on for nondrug use of peyote in religious cere­ existence of the Federal and State protective no evidentiary foundation at all, and is there­ monies of the Native American Church. laws, such laws do not provide the range of fore entirely speculative. When Congress passed the Controlled Sub­ protection necessary to meet the standards of Mr. Speaker, the only remaining objection stance Act of 1970, it enacted Schedule I into the first amendment. For instance, in some which could be made regarding this legislation law. During hearings on the legislation, Con­ States, the legal protection for Native Ameri­ is one of constitutional problems. That is eas­ gressman Satterfield expressed concern that cans is limited to the opportunity to provide ily met and answered. The granting of a reli­ the religious use of peyote by Indian practi­ the religious use of peyote is an affirmative gious exemption for the sacramental use of tioners be protected. The administration as­ defense in the context of felony prosecution. peyote solely by American Indians presents no sured him that this would be taken care of by This means bona fide NAC members can be regulation. The regulations adopted in 1971 to arrested, finger-printed, incarcerated, and sub­ equal protection or establishment clause prob­ lems. At the urging of the U.S. Department of implement the act included such an exemption jected to all the indignities of a felony prosecu­ Justice, the long-standing rationale for special and provides, at 21CFR1307.31, that- tion before they can hope to be vindicated and Indian treatment by the Federal Government The listing of peyote as a controlled sub­ set free. Even then, they will have a criminal stance in Schedule I does not apply to the recor~imply for practicing a bona fide reli­ was recently applied by the Fifth Circuit Court nondrug use of peyote in bona fide religious gion that predates the founding of this country of Appeals regarding the religious use of pe­ ceremonies of the Native American Church. by some 10,000 years. Mr. Speaker, it is an yote in the case of Peyote Way Church of Since that time, Native American Church use intolerable irony that the First Americans still God v. Thornburgh, 922 F.2d 1210 (1991). of peyote as a religious sacrament has had do not have the right to worship freely in our Finding that the Native American Church the limited protection of that Federal regula­ great Nation-which was founded in large part members were also members of federally rec­ tion. Also, 28 States have included some de­ on the fundamental democratic principle guar­ ognized tribes, the court upheld the constitu­ gree of protection of the religious use of pe­ anteeing religious liberty to all. We must rectify tionality of the DEA's protective regulation-- yote by Indians in their laws. Unfortunately, this inequity. We hold that the federal NAC exemption neither the Federal regulations nor the State Second, as noted 22 States make no provi­ allowing tribal Native Americans to con­ laws provide the full range of protection need­ sion for the protection of the religious use of tinue their centuries-old tradition of peyote ed for the unhindered religious use of peyote peyote by Indians. As a result of the diverse use is rationally related to the legitimate by Indians, and 22 of the States still have no State laws governing the use of peyote, Indi­ governmental objective of preserving Native ans in different tribes from different States, as American culture. Such preservation is fun­ laws protecting that right. damental to the federal government's trust Mr. Speaker, there have been some percep­ well as from different tribes within some relationship with tribal Native Americans. tions expressed about the religious use of pe­ States, are treated differently regarding that yote by Indian people as a part of the severe use. NAC members who have lawfully ac­ Last year, this Congress passed the Reli­ drug problems of this Nation. Nothing could be quired the sacrament in Texas can still be ar­ gious Freedom Restoration Act to restore reli­ further from the truth. Officials of the Drug En­ rested and subjected to felony prosecution gious liberty to the vast majority of this great forcement Administration of the Department of and imprisonment in those 22 States, States Nation. Unfortunately, that law does not ade­ Justice testified at a House hearing in 1993 in which they may live or through which they quately protect American Indians who worship that the religious use of peyote by Indians has must travel on their way home from Texas in traditional ways. As President Clinton em­ nothing to do with the vast and violent traffic after lawfully acquiring the sacrament. Legisla­ phasized when he signed the act on Novem­ in illegal narcotics that plagues this country. tion is therefore needed to assure comprehen­ ber 15, 1993: The NAC enjoys a good, cooperative relation­ sive equal, and uniform protection of the reli­ The agenda for restoration of religious ship with DEA in ensuring that peyote is law­ gious use of peyote by Indians throughout the freedom in American will not be complete fully harvested and distributed solely for Amer­ United States, without regard to State or res­ until traditional Native American religious ican Indian religious use. The distribution of ervation of residence, or tribal affiliation. practices have received the protection they peyote is strictly controlled by Federal regula­ Finally, the legislation remains necessary deserve. My administration has been and will tions, and by the laws and regulations of the despite the recent enactment of the Religious continue to work actively with Native Amer­ State of Texas, the only State in which the Freedom Restoration Act of November 16, icans and the Congress on legislation to ad­ dress these concerns. sacrament grows in significant quantities. I am 1993. This act, which was supported by all of attaching to my statement a chart listing the the major religious denominations of the Unit­ Mr. Speaker, it is important that we pass number of States which do have protective ed States, in effect reversed the ruling of the this legislation this Session to secure to these laws and the nature of such laws. Supreme Court in the Smith case, which re­ American citizens the most basic of the rights In addition, the medical evidence, based on jected the longstanding "compelling govern­ guaranteed by our Constitution, the right of re­ the opinion of scientists and other experts, in­ ment interest" test in determining government ligious workship. It will be my intention to cluding medical doctors, former directors of infringements on religious freedom. On behalf schedule early hearings on this subject and to the Indian Health Service, and anthropologists, of the Nation's religions, the act reinstated this move expeditiously on the legislation. I invite is that peyote is not injurious to the Indian reli- test. Ironically, however, the act left endan- all Members to cosponsor the bill.