“Arte Paleolítico”
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In the Upper Palaeolithic Rock Art of Europe 159 16: 159-166, 2004
Historia naturalis bulgarica, The cave hyaena in the Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Europe 159 16: 159-166, 2004 The presence of cave hyaena (Crocuta crocuta spelaea) in the Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Europe Nikolai SPASSOV, Todor STOYTCHEV SPASSOV N., STOYTCHEV T. 2004. The presence of cave hyaena (Crocuta crocuta spelaea) in the Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Europe. – Historia naturalis bulgarica, 16: 159-166. Abstract. The very few images of cave hyaena, from the Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Europe are analyzed in the paper. The images show a very close exterior appearance (coloration pattern) with the African spotted hyaena. The causes for the extremely low number of preserved cave hyaena pictograms as well as the lack of “fantastic” zoomorphic images in the Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Europe are discussed. Key words: Rock art, Paleozoology, Europe, Pleistocene, Cave hyaena, Crocuta crocuta spelaea Introduction After looking through thousands of large mammal depictions in the rock art of Europe’s Upper Palaeolithic published during the last century, our interest was raised by the inexplicably low number of Cave Hyaena zoomorphic pictograms. It is in discrepancy with the numerous fossil finds and the large area (KAHLKE, 1999) of Late Pleistocene Crocuta crocuta spelaea. During the Late Pleistocene this species inhabited all of Europe except the northern part of the continent. Many caves (so called hyaena caves) are known for the large number of cave hyaena remains: Kent’s Cavern, Tornewton Cave (England), Teufelslucken (Austria), Lindental Hyaena Cave (Germany), Sveduv Stul (Czech Republic), etc. (WERDELIN & SOLOUNIAS, 1991; KAHLKE, 1999). France also has numerous remains and localities from this time (BALLESIO, 1979; CLOT, 1980). -
A B S T Ra C T S O F T H E O Ra L and Poster Presentations
Abstracts of the oral and poster presentations (in alphabetic order) see Addenda, p. 271 11th ICAZ International Conference. Paris, 23-28 August 2010 81 82 11th ICAZ International Conference. Paris, 23-28 August 2010 ABRAMS Grégory1, BONJEAN ABUHELALEH Bellal1, AL NAHAR Maysoon2, Dominique1, Di Modica Kévin1 & PATOU- BERRUTI Gabriele Luigi Francesco, MATHIS Marylène2 CANCELLIERI Emanuele1 & THUN 1, Centre de recherches de la grotte Scladina, 339D Rue Fond des Vaux, 5300 Andenne, HOHENSTEIN Ursula1 Belgique, [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected] 2, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Département Préhistoire du Muséum National d’Histoire 1, Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, Ferrara Naturelle, 1 Rue René Panhard, 75013 Paris, France, [email protected] (FE: 44100), Italy, [email protected] 2, Department of Archaeology, University of Jordan. Amman 11942 Jordan, maysnahar@gmail. com Les os brûlés de l’ensemble sédimentaire 1A de Scladina (Andenne, Belgique) : apports naturels ou restes de foyer Study of Bone artefacts and use techniques from the Neo- néandertalien ? lithic Jordanian site; Tell Abu Suwwan (PPNB-PN) L’ensemble sédimentaire 1A de la grotte Scladina, daté par 14C entre In this paper we would like to present the experimental study car- 40 et 37.000 B.P., recèle les traces d’une occupation par les Néan- ried out in order to reproduce the bone artifacts coming from the dertaliens qui contient environ 3.500 artefacts lithiques ainsi que Neolithic site Tell Abu Suwwan-Jordan. This experimental project plusieurs milliers de restes fauniques, attribués majoritairement au aims to complete the archaeozoological analysis of the bone arti- Cheval pour les herbivores. -
Homo Aestheticus’
Conceptual Paper Glob J Arch & Anthropol Volume 11 Issue 3 - June 2020 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Shuchi Srivastava DOI: 10.19080/GJAA.2020.11.555815 Man and Artistic Expression: Emergence of ‘Homo Aestheticus’ Shuchi Srivastava* Department of Anthropology, National Post Graduate College, University of Lucknow, India Submission: May 30, 2020; Published: June 16, 2020 *Corresponding author: Shuchi Srivastava, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, National Post Graduate College, An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India Abstract Man is a member of animal kingdom like all other animals but his unique feature is culture. Cultural activities involve art and artistic expressions which are the earliest methods of emotional manifestation through sign. The present paper deals with the origin of the artistic expression of the man, i.e. the emergence of ‘Homo aestheticus’ and discussed various related aspects. It is basically a conceptual paper; history of art begins with humanity. In his artistic instincts and attainments, man expressed his vigour, his ability to establish a gainful and optimistictherefore, mainlyrelationship the secondary with his environmentsources of data to humanizehave been nature. used for Their the behaviorsstudy. Overall as artists findings was reveal one of that the man selection is artistic characteristics by nature suitableand the for the progress of the human species. Evidence from extensive analysis of cave art and home art suggests that humans have also been ‘Homo aestheticus’ since their origins. Keywords: Man; Art; Artistic expression; Homo aestheticus; Prehistoric art; Palaeolithic art; Cave art; Home art Introduction ‘Sahityasangeetkalavihinah, Sakshatpashuh Maybe it was the time when some African apelike creatures to 7 million years ago, the first human ancestors were appeared. -
Assessing Relationships Between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology Via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling William E
Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco-cultural niche modeling William E. Banks To cite this version: William E. Banks. Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco- cultural niche modeling. Archaeology and Prehistory. Universite Bordeaux 1, 2013. hal-01840898 HAL Id: hal-01840898 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01840898 Submitted on 11 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Thèse d'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches Université de Bordeaux 1 William E. BANKS UMR 5199 PACEA – De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Assessing Relationships between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling Soutenue le 14 novembre 2013 devant un jury composé de: Michel CRUCIFIX, Chargé de Cours à l'Université catholique de Louvain, Belgique Francesco D'ERRICO, Directeur de Recherche au CRNS, Talence Jacques JAUBERT, Professeur à l'Université de Bordeaux 1, Talence Rémy PETIT, Directeur de Recherche à l'INRA, Cestas Pierre SEPULCHRE, Chargé de Recherche au CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette Jean-Denis VIGNE, Directeur de Recherche au CNRS, Paris Table of Contents Summary of Past Research Introduction .................................................................................................................. -
The Oldest Known Rock Art in the World
The Oldest Known Rock Art in the World • XXXIX/2–3 • pp. 89–97 • 2001 ROBERT G. BEDNARIK THE OLDEST KNOWN ROCK ART IN THE WORLD ABSTRACT: The question of the earliest currently known rock art is considered from the empirical evidence available. The paper focuses on very early anthropogenic rock markings in central India and reviews these in a global context. The implications of taphonomic logic are considered to show that the most convenient interpretation of the available evidence is not necessarily the most parsimonious. KEY WORDS: Petroglyphs – Acheulian – India – Cupules – Taphonomic logic For about a century now – ever since de Sautuola's great There can be little doubt that the corpus of Ice Age rock discovery, the rock art of Altamira, was posthumously art found in Australia is considerably greater than that of accepted by archaeology – we have been given the general Europe, and yet technologically, Pleistocene Australia is impression that art essentially originated in south-western of essentially Middle rather than Upper Palaeolithic Europe, and in the Upper Palaeolithic period. Even though technology. Indeed, in Tasmania a typologically Middle the unmasking of Piltdown Man half way through this Palaeolithic tool industry continued right up to European century had moved the actual cradle of humanity some colonization. This does not suggest, however, that the oldest distance away from England, it was reassuring for rock art should be expected to occur in Australia. There is Europeans to know that the grand cave art in up to 300 presently no credible evidence that the island continent limestone caves of the Franco-Cantabrian region provided was settled any earlier than about 60,000 years ago. -
Universidade Do Algarve Faculdade De Ciências Sociais E Humanas 2015
Glória Marina Sousa de Almeida Évora A indústria óssea do Paleolítico Superior do sul da Península Ibérica: a gestão do risco e da incerteza Universidade do Algarve Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas 2015 Glória Marina Sousa de Almeida Évora A indústria óssea do Paleolítico Superior do sul da Península Ibérica: a gestão do risco e da incerteza Dissertação de Doutoramento em Arqueologia Trabalho efectuado sob a orientação de Professor Doutor Nuno Gonçalo Viana Pereira Ferreira Bicho FCHS, Universidade do Algarve Professor Doutor Valentín Villaverde Bonilla Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueologia, Universitat de València Universidade do Algarve Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais 2015 II A indústria óssea do Paleolítico Superior do sul da Península Ibérica: a gestão do risco e da incerteza Declaração de autoria do trabalho Declaro ser a autora deste trabalho. Autores e trabalhos consultados estão devidamente citados no texto e constam da listagem de referências incluída. Copyright Glória Marina Sousa de Almeida Évora A Universidade do Algarve tem o direito, perpétuo e sem limites geográficos, de arquivar e publicitar este trabalho através de exemplares impressos reproduzidos em papel ou em forma digital, ou por qualquer outro meio conhecido ou que venha a ser inventado, de o divulgar através de repositórios científicos e de admitir a sua cópia e distribuição com objetivos educacionais ou de investigação, não comerciais, desde que seja dado crédito ao autor e editor. III Dedicado à Bé e ao Quim ao Carlos e ao meu Afonso IV "Dificílimo acto é o de escrever, responsabilidade das maiores. (...) Basta pensar no extenuante trabalho que será dispor por ordem temporal os acontecimentos, primeiro este, depois aquele, ou, se tal mais convém às necessidades do efeito, o sucesso de hoje posto antes do episódio de ontem, e outras não menos arriscadas acrobacias (...)" José Saramago, in A Jangada de Pedra (1986) Este trabalho não segue o novo acordo ortográfico. -
Beads and Cognitive Evolution Robert Bednarik
Time and Mind: The Journal of Beads and Cognitive Archaeology, Evolution Consciousness and Culture Robert G. Bednarik Volume I—Issue III November 2008 pp. 285–318 Robert G. Bednarik specializes in the origins of human DOI constructs of reality, cognitive archaeology, rock art dating, 10.2752/175169708X329354 and microscopic studies, and he has conducted extensive Reprints available directly fieldwork in all continents except Antarctica. He is the Editor from the publishers and Permanent Convener of the International Federation of Rock Art Organizations (IFRAO), and the founder, Editor, and Photocopying permitted by Secretary of the Australian Rock Art Research Association licence only (AURA). He edits three scientific journals and three series of © Berg 2008 monographs. His over 1,000 articles and books include over 450 works in refereed scientific journals, and have appeared in 32 languages. [email protected] Abstract The study of human evolution has largely focused on skeletal developments and on the stone tools of successive technological traditions. The cultural and cognitive evolution of hominins has been comparatively neglected. Here it is proposed that beads and pendants provide some of the most reliable evidence for our non- physical (cognitive) evolution. The available corpus of such finds from the Middle and Late Pleistocene periods is presented and reviewed. It is shown to demonstrate not only the use of complex symbolisms several hundred millennia ago, but also the application of concepts of perfection and self-awareness. This finding agrees with other indicators of hominin cognition, but it clashes with the dominant notion that “modern” human faculties appeared with a hypothetical replacement of Europeans by Africans just 40,000 years ago. -
Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia
World Heritage papers41 HEADWORLD HERITAGES 4 Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia VOLUME I In support of UNESCO’s 70th Anniversary Celebrations United Nations [ Cultural Organization Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia Nuria Sanz, Editor General Coordinator of HEADS Programme on Human Evolution HEADS 4 VOLUME I Published in 2015 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France and the UNESCO Office in Mexico, Presidente Masaryk 526, Polanco, Miguel Hidalgo, 11550 Ciudad de Mexico, D.F., Mexico. © UNESCO 2015 ISBN 978-92-3-100107-9 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Cover Photos: Top: Hohle Fels excavation. © Harry Vetter bottom (from left to right): Petroglyphs from Sikachi-Alyan rock art site. -
The Use of Ochre and Painting During the Upper Paleolithic of the Swabian Jura in the Context of the Development of Ochre Use in Africa and Europe
Open Archaeology 2018; 4: 185–205 Original Study Sibylle Wolf*, Rimtautas Dapschauskas, Elizabeth Velliky, Harald Floss, Andrew W. Kandel, Nicholas J. Conard The Use of Ochre and Painting During the Upper Paleolithic of the Swabian Jura in the Context of the Development of Ochre Use in Africa and Europe https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2018-0012 Received June 8, 2017; accepted December 13, 2017 Abstract: While the earliest evidence for ochre use is very sparse, the habitual use of ochre by hominins appeared about 140,000 years ago and accompanied them ever since. Here, we present an overview of archaeological sites in southwestern Germany, which yielded remains of ochre. We focus on the artifacts belonging exclusively to anatomically modern humans who were the inhabitants of the cave sites in the Swabian Jura during the Upper Paleolithic. The painted limestones from the Magdalenian layers of Hohle Fels Cave are a particular focus. We present these artifacts in detail and argue that they represent the beginning of a tradition of painting in Central Europe. Keywords: ochre use, Middle Stone Age, Swabian Jura, Upper Paleolithic, Magdalenian painting 1 The Earliest Use of Ochre in the Homo Lineage Modern humans have three types of cone cells in the retina of the eye. These cells are a requirement for trichromatic vision and hence, a requirement for the perception of the color red. The capacity for trichromatic vision dates back about 35 million years, within our shared evolutionary lineage in the Catarrhini subdivision of the higher primates (Jacobs, 2013, 2015). Trichromatic vision may have evolved as a result of the benefits for recognizing ripe yellow, orange, and red fruits in front of a background of green foliage (Regan et al., Article note: This article is a part of Topical Issue on From Line to Colour: Social Context and Visual Communication of Prehistoric Art edited by Liliana Janik and Simon Kaner. -
Variability in Middle Stone Age Symbolic Traditions: the Marine Shell Beads from Sibudu Cave, South Africa Marian Vanhaeren, Lyn Wadley, Francesco D’Errico
Variability in Middle Stone Age symbolic traditions: The marine shell beads from Sibudu Cave, South Africa Marian Vanhaeren, Lyn Wadley, Francesco D’errico To cite this version: Marian Vanhaeren, Lyn Wadley, Francesco D’errico. Variability in Middle Stone Age symbolic tra- ditions: The marine shell beads from Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Elsevier, 2019, 27, pp.101893. 10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.101893. hal-02998635 HAL Id: hal-02998635 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02998635 Submitted on 11 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Manuscript Details Manuscript number JASREP_2017_485_R1 Title Variability in Middle Stone Age symbolic traditions: the marine shell beads from Sibudu Cave, South Africa Short title Marine shell beads from Sibudu Article type Research Paper Abstract Located in the KwaZulu-Natal, 15 km from the coast, Sibudu has yielded twenty-three marine gastropods, nine of which perforated. At 70.5 ± 2.0 ka, in a Still Bay Industry, there is a cluster of perforated Afrolittorina africana shells, one of which has red ochre stains. There is also a perforated Mancinella capensis and some unperforated shells of both A. -
Non-Figurative Cave Art in Northern Spain
THE CAVES OF CANTABRIA: NON-FIGURATIVE CAVE ART IN NORTHERN SPAIN by Dustin Riley A thesis submitted To the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfllment of the requirments for the degree of Master of Arts, Department of Archaeology Memorial University of Newfoundland January, 2017 St. John’s Newfoundland and Labrador Abstract This project focuses on non-figurative cave art in Cantabrian (Spain) from the Upper Palaeolithic (ca. 40,000-10,000). With more than 30 decorated caves in the region, it is one of the world’s richest areas in Palaeolithic artwork. My project explores the social and cultural dimensions associated with non-figurative cave images. Non-figurative artwork accounts for any image that does not represent real world objects. My primary objectives are: (1) To produce the first detailed account of non-figurative cave art in Cantabria; (2) To examine the relationships between figurative and non-figurative images; and (3) To analyse the many cultural and symbolic meanings associated to non- figurative images. To do so, I construct a database documenting the various features of non-figurative imagery in Cantabria. The third objective will be accomplished by examining the cultural and social values of non-figurative art through the lens of cognitive archaeology. ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank and express my gratitude to the members of the Department of Archaeology at Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador for giving me the opportunity to conduct research and achieve an advanced degree. In particular I would like to express my upmost appreciation to Dr. Oscar Moro Abadía, whose guidance, critiques, and continued support and confidence in me aided my development as a student and as a person. -
Rock Art Dating in Australia and Beyond: What Does It Tell Us?
CLOTTES J. (dir.) 2012. — L’art pléistocène dans le monde / Pleistocene art of the world / Arte pleistoceno en el mundo Actes du Congrès IFRAO, Tarascon-sur-Ariège, septembre 2010 – Symposium « Datation et taphonomie de l’art pléistocène » Rock art dating in Australia and beyond: what does it tell us? Paul S.C. TAÇONa and Michelle C. LANGLEYb Abstract One of the biggest challenges in rock art research is accurate and reliable dating. A related issue is that of interpretation –what do the numbers obtained really mean? In this paper we briefly review the results of rock art dating programs in Australia with those undertaken in other parts of the world. We identify a number of common problems arising from the results as well as patterning related to taphonomy and cultural difference. We also observe some common trends, both in terms of temporal and spatial rock art change and in terms of how dating results are (mis)interpreted. We conclude that rock art dating is still in its infancy so that we should be very cautious about results, how they are interpreted and how they are used to support theoretical models. A particular question that focuses discussion is whether there is a case for Pleistocene figurative art outside Europe and, if not, why it developed to such a great extent elsewhere during the Holocene. Résumé – Que nous apprennent les datations de l’art rupestre australien et d’ailleurs ? La recherche en art rupestre pose le défi majeur de proposer une datation précise et fiable. En cela, l’interprétation des données obtenues est une importante question : que signifient réellement les chiffres obtenus ? Au cours de cette présentation, nous examinerons brièvement les résultats du programme de datation de l’art rupestre mené en Australie, ainsi que les travaux entrepris dans d’autres parties du monde.