STRUCTURE PLAN for IKIRE and ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project

Home , Ejigbo, Ife East, Ila Orangun, Irewole, Isokan, Osun State

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IKIRE AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project

NIGERIA

SOKOTO i KATSINA BORNO JIGAWA Y OBE ZAMFARA Kano Maiduguri KANO KEBBI

KADUNA BA UCHI Kaduna GOMBE NIGER ADAMAWA

PLATEAU KWARA Abuja ABUJA CAPITAL TERRITORYNASSARAWA OYO T ARABA

EKITI Oshogbo K OGI OSUN BENUE ONDO OGUN A ENUGU EDO N L LAGOS A a M g o B s R EBONY A ha nits CROSS O IMO DELTA ABIA RIVERS

Aba RIVERS AKWA BAYELSA IBOM

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IKIRE AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

United Nations Human Settlements Programme publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from: P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: + (254 20) 762 4266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org

HS Number: HS/049/15E ISBN Number(Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number:(Volume) 978-92-1-132668-0

Disclaimer The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the Governing Council of UN-Habitat or its Member States.

Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is indicated. This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria was supervised by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), Nairobi and managed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Office (UN HAPSO), Abuja.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

State Government of Osun State Governor: Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola Honourable Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development: Arc. Muyiwa Ige Permanent Secretary: Arc. Wale Ojo Director, Town Planning: Tpl Oladejo Ezekiel Akintunde Project Secretary: Tpl (Mrs) O. A. Oluwadare

UN-Habitat Director, Project Office: Alioune Badiane Director, Regional Office for Africa: Axumite Gebre-Egziabher Senior Human Settlements Adviser: Doudou Mbye

UN HAPSO Habitat Programme Manager: Kabir M. Yari National Programme Officer: Paul Okunlola (Project Coordinator) Administrative Assistant: Elizabeth Owolabi

Consultancy Team Chief Technical Adviser: Professor Johnson Bade Falade Urban Environment/Infrastructure: Arc Olatunji Bolu (Team Coordinator) Urban, Land Use Planning/ Local Economic Development: Tpl Charles Alonge Governance/Gender/Anthropology: Dr. Boladale Adebowale Urban Services/Transportation: Eng. Bola Olowe GIS Assistant: Kazeem Tijani Design and Layout: Peter Cheseret FOREWORD

Historically, cities have been of Structure Plans to guide the growth and develop- acknowledged as major drivers ment of these cities and their environs over the next of the national economy, which 20 years, spanning the period 2014 to 2033. The contribute substantially to the participating cities are Osogbo, Ede, Ilesa, Iwo, Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Ikire and Ejigbo. They also attract investments and create wealth, enhance This fully participatory project, which engaged all social development, human and levels of stakeholders in the communities, adopts technical resources and are repositories of knowledge the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability and agents of socio-political change. (RUSPS) methodology to propose the spatial contexts for promoting social, economic and cultural develop- Rapid population growth in the State of Osun, as is ment of the cities and their environs with respect to typical of Nigeria’s South West geopolitical zone, has the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and manifested in haphazard and uncoordinated physical slums; Local Economic Development; Transportation; development, overcrowding and diverse adverse conse- Urban Safety/Security; Disaster Risk Reduction; Basic quences for the teeming number of residents who flock Urban Services; Environment; Gender; Governance; to the cities in search of a better life. Consequently, our Heritage/Historic areas; and Land Administration. cities have become generally unsustainable, increas- ingly difficult to manage, and progressively unable to In addition, the Structure Plans seek to build capacity fulfil their potentials as engines of growth. and aid informed strategic decision-making among local communities, the Local Governments and State On assumption of office, my administration, with a Officials by setting the broad structure for the direction view to reposition the State of Osun to enable it attain of future growth of these cities, providing for the co-or- the potentials of its development agenda, adopted a dination of both present and future activities and public Six-Point Integral Action Plan as the foundation for services as well as in the provision of key infrastructure v charting future initiatives and programs of the State items like water, drainage, electricity and roads. government of Osun. The Integral Action Plan is hinged on the following six actions: We acknowledge that these Structure Plans would not be expected to solve all problems at the same time and ❚❚ Banish Poverty. would therefore be subjected to periodic evaluation and review in the course of implementation. ❚❚ Banish Hunger. I would like to express the appreciation of the Govern- ❚❚ Banish Unemployment. ment of the State of Osun to UN HABITAT and its Executive Director, Dr. Joan Clos, as well as officials in ❚❚ Restore Healthy Living. the Regional Office for Africa and the UN HABITAT Programme Support Office in Abuja for the Technical ❚❚ Promote Functional Education. Assistance extended to the State, the outcome of which is this very important document. I would also like to ❚❚ Ensure Communal Peace and Progress. commend all the consultants and technical experts who made tangible contributions to this effort towards It was obvious that in order to harness the potentials ensuring a better future for cities in the State of Osun. of the State’s significant urban population in achieving this laudable objective, the capacity of our cities to It is my privilege therefore, to recommend the Struc- support this development agenda and offer better ture Plan to all stakeholders in the State and urge living conditions to their residents had to be signifi- the full implementation of its recommendations and cantly enhanced. Hence, the O-Renewal Programme proposals by all concerned. was designed to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core areas in the nine largest cities in the State and, on the 9th of July, 2012, the State entered into a collaboration agreement for Technical Assistance with Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Governor, State Government of Osun, (UN HABITAT), for the development and adoption Osogbo, Nigeria vi Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project making components. to ensure validation ofthedatacollectionanddecision- Group Discussions andCityConsultationswere held RUSPS methodologyfollowing whichextensive Focus officials were alsotrainedontheapplicationof of Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development Besides, consultantsandrelevant staffofthe Ministry hensive stakeholdermappingandengagementprocess. nature, whichinvolves acomprefully participatory (UN HABITAT), wasfoundedonitsinclusive and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme the Structure Plans exercise undertheguidanceof for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology adopted for The preference fortheRapid Urban Sector Profiling b. a. on thefollowing platforms: on afocusedurbanregeneration programme centred Physical Planning andUrban Development, embarked sola administrationthrough ofLands, theMinistry PREFACE sgo Ee Iea Iwo, Ilesa, Ora Ede, Osogbo, areas in the in areas to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core sustainable growth over theperiod2014to2033. nine cities asanoverall framework to guidetheir radius of25kilometres from thecore ofthese The preparation of Structure Plans spanninga A state-wide ngun, Ile-Ife, IkireandEjigbo. nine O-Renewal Programme designed Plan, the Ogbeni Rauf Aregbe- of itsSix-Point Integral Action and inlinewiththeoverall thrust ized ofthe country’s 36states which isoneofthemosturban- isation intheState ofOsun arising from unsustainableurban- In response tothechallenges largest cities in the state, namely state, the in cities largest krn Ila- Ikirun, - Planning andUrban Development, Osogbo Honourable CommissionerforLands,Physical Arc. Muyiwa Ige, possible. mented andperiodicallyreviewed tothebestextent proposals/recommendations are conscientiouslyimple- commitment toensuringthattheseStructure Plan and Urban Development, we would like topledge our On of Lands,Physical behalf of theMinistry Planning whoworkedthe Ministry tirelessly onthisproject. output; to and, deliveringthe entire a worthy staff of and stakeholders for their commitment other partners role onthisproject; theConsultantsand supervisory Programme Support Office(HAPSO)in Abujaforits theUN-HABITATfor theircontinuedsupport; notably theproject communitiesandtheirleaders butions tothesuccessfuloutcomeofthisproject, express ourprofound gratitudetoallwhomadecontri towards theexecution ofthisproject. Ialsowishto initiating thiscollaborationwiththeUNHABITAT of theState ofOsun, Ogbeni RaufAregbesola for I wouldliketoespeciallycongratulatetheGovernor Integral Action Plan. aims andaspirationsoftheState ofOsun’s Six-Point provide aneffective spatialplatformforachievingthe comprehensivea very process whichwe believe will These Structure Plans are therefore theoutcomeof - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Report has been produced cooperation and assistance of all the officials in the with the kind support and active various other State Ministries, Departments and collaboration of several people, Agencies (MDAs) who provided us with relevant data groups and institutions to who we and information for this report. owe our gratitude, although space would only permit mentioning a We specially acknowledge the support and few. cooperation of the Deputy Governor, Otunba Grace Titilayo Laoye, Obas in Council and community First, we would like to acknowledge and appreciate the leaders of the various communities covered in this vision and commitment of the Governor of the project, namely Ede, Ejigbo, Ijesa-land, Ikire, State of Osun, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola, for Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Iwo and Osogbo; his commitment to actualising this Technical Executive Secretaries of participating Local Cooper-ation with UN HABITAT and for the full Governments; members of commu-nity development support in providing the necessary operational and associations, Women and Youth Groups as well logistical resources for as seeing this project through as all trade and professional associations, for to conclu-sion. attending to the requests for information and their various contributions and assistance to the success of We would also like to appreciate the Honourable the project, especially through their active participa- Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban tion at the City Consultations in each city. Development, Arc. Muyiwa Ige, for his passionate Finally, we wish to acknowledge the selfless service commitment and support to ensuring the comple- rendered in various capacities including consultants, tion of the project on behalf of the State Government. Field Assistants and all those too numerous to mention Similarly, we wish to thank the various officials of the who in diverse ways contributed to the successful Ministry who provided technical and logistic support, completion of the project. in particular the Special Adviser to the Governor on vii Lands, Dr. Ayodele Owoade; the Permanent Secre- tary Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, Arc. Wale Ojo; his predecessor, Mr. Kola Adetumbi; the Director of Town Planning, Tpl. Ezekiel Oladejo and, the Project Secretary, Tpl O. Dr Alioune Badiane A. Oluwadare as well as other Directors and Staff of Director, Projects Office the Ministry. In the same vein, we acknowledge the UN-Habitat, Nairobi viii

Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.2 3.1 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 Foreword CHAPTER THREE: DEVELOPMENT AREA ISSUESINIKIREPLANNING CHAPTER TWO: BACKGROUND TO AREA IKIREPLANNING CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION Structure Plan Vision, Goals AndObjectives Development Issues In Ikire Planning Area Ikire Planning Area EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Acronyms List ofPlates of TablesList List ofFigures Table ofContents Acknowledgements PREFACE

3.2.10 3.2.9 3.2.8 3.2.7 3.2.6 3.2.5 3.2.4 3.2.3 3.2.2 3.2.1 2.4.5 2.4.4 2.4.3 2.4.2 2.4.1 2.3.4. 2.3.3 2.3.2 2.3.1. 1.3.3 1.3.2 1.3.1 Development Issues andPriorities Profiling Ikire Planning Area Other settlements inIkire Planning Area History andDevelopment ofIkire Planning Area Natural Environment Factors Ikire Planning Area Location: National andRegional S Structure ofthereport Lessons Learned Defining Ikire Planning Area Methodology The Nature andOverall Purpose ofa Structure Plan Preamble ......

......

...... Existing LandUse Pattern inIkire Planning Area Development andPhysical Growth ofIkire Planning Area Age Structur Population Growth inIkire History Relief andDrainage Geology andSoils Vegetation Climate Disaster RiskReduction Urban Safety Transportation Basic Urban Services Environment Heritage Gender Governance Local Economic Dev Shelter andSlums in State ofOsun Stakeholders’ Consultations Desk Study andFieldwork oftheRUSPSOverview Methodology ...... e ofPopulation ...... elopment ...... etting ...... 47 46 38 37 34 31 28 22 22 22 21 17 17 17 16 15 14 14 14 14 13 11 11 10 10 9 8 7 7 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 xiv xiv xiii xiii xii xi x x viii vii vi v 45 42 CHAPTER FOUR: URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA...... 49 4.1 Urban Forms and Land Use Planning...... 50 4.1.1 The Case for More Compact Settlements...... 50 4.1.2 Urban Forms...... 51 4.2 Preferred Urban Form for Ikire...... 52 CHAPTER FIVE: STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES...... 53 5.1 Context of the Structure Plan: Visioning the Future...... 54 5.1.1 National Urban Development Policy 2012...... 54 5.1.2 National Housing Policy 2012...... 54 5.1.3 Land Use Act (LUA) 1978...... 55 5.1.4 Urban and Regional Planning Law 1992...... 55 5.1.5 OSEEDS and Local Economic Empowerment and Development Strategies (LEEDS)...... 56 5.1.6 Osun Six-point Integral Action Plan...... 56 5.1.7 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)...... 56 5.1.8 Nigeria Vision 20:2020...... 57 5.1.9 The Habitat Agenda...... 57 5.2 The Vision for new Ikire (2014-2033)...... 58 5.3 Goals and Objectives of the Structure Plan 2014-2033...... 58 5.3.1 Goal of the Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area...... 58 5.3.2 Objectives and Strategies of the Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area ...... 58 CHAPTER SIX: POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONS FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA(2014-2033)..... 61 6.1 Population Projections for Ikire Planning Area...... 62 6.1.1 Basic Assumptions for Population Projections...... 62 6.1.2 Projected Population Figures...... 62 6.2 Land Use Budget for Ikire Planning Area...... 63 6.3 Projections for Basic Urban Services...... 64 6.3.1 Water Supply...... 64 6.3.2 Electricity Supply...... 64 CHAPTER SEVEN: STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA (2014-2033)...... 67 7.1 Preamble...... 68 7.2 Land Use Proposals, Strategies and Standards...... 68 ix 7.2.1 Shelter and Slums...... 69 7.2.2 Local Economic Development...... 70 7.2.3 Environment...... 71 7.2.4 Basic Urban Services...... 72 7.2.5 Transportation...... 73 7.2.6 Heritage, Culture and Tourism ...... 74 7.2.7 Urban Safety...... 74 7.2.8 Disaster Risk Reduction...... 74 CHAPTER EIGHT: STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA...... 75 8.1 Preamble...... 76 8.1.1 Strategic Implementation of the Structure Plan...... 76 8.1.2 Phasing of Ikire Structure Plan ...... 76 8.2 Resource Mobilisation and Financing of Structure Plan...... 79 8.2.1 Sources of Funding...... 79 8.3 Institutional Framework for Structure Plan Implementation...... 79 8.4 Procedure for Planning Approval and Development Control...... 81 8.5 Capacity Building...... 81 8.6 Sustainability of Plan Implementation...... 82 8.7 Monitoring Evaluation and Review of Structure Plan...... 82 APPENDIX 1...... 83 APPENDIX 2...... 87 APPENDIX 3...... 91 x Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Figure 1.2Map of Ikire Planning Area State inthe of Osun Figure 1.1The RUSPS Processes Outputsand LIST OFFIGURES Table 2Recommended Densities for Residential Developments Table 1Neighborhood Use Land Estimates Table 8.2Capacity building (2014-2033) activities Table 8.1Phasing of Ikire Structure Plan (2014-2033) T Table 6.2PopulationandHousingShortfallsinIkirePlanningArea Table 6.1Population Projection for Ikire Planning Area (2014-2033) Table 3.18SWOT Analysis Transportation Table 3.17SWOT Analysis Urban Basic Services Table 3.16SWOT Analysis on Environment Table 3.15SWOT ANALYSIS Heritage and Historic Sites Table 3.13Male/Female Enrolment inIkire Schools Planning inPublic Area Secondary Table 3.12Male/Female Enrolment inIkire Schools inPublic Planning Primary Area Table 3.11SWOT Analysis on Urban Governance Table 3.10Estimate of Irewole and Isokan LGAs Income and Expenditure for years the Table 3.9SWOT Economic Analysis Development Local Table 3.8SWOT Analysis of Shelter and Slums Priority Issues Table 3.7Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Households Regular by Method of Waste Solid Disposal Table 3.6Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Households Regular by Type of Toilet Facility Table 3.5Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Households Regular by Source of Water Supply for Table 3.4Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Households Regular by Tenure Status of Unit Dwelling Table 3.3Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Households Regular by Number of Table 3.2Distribution of Households Regular by Ownership Status of Unit Dwelling Table 3.19Categories of committed crimes State inthe of Osun Table 3.1Distribution of Households Regular by Type of Housing Unit Table 2.1Population of three major towns Planning inthe Area in1991 LIST OFTABLES Figure 8.1Organisational Structure for Implementation of Structure the Plan Figure Use 7.1Land Proposal for Ikire Planning Area Figure 6.1Population projection for LGAs inIkire Planning Area (1991to 2033) Figure 4.4Composite Model Figure 4.3Polycentric Model Figure 4.2Monocentric Model Figure 4.1Illustration of Diverse the City concept and Compact the City concept Figure 3.2Major roads inIkire Planning area Figure 3.1Comparative analysis of housing conditions (2003and 2006) Figure 2.9Ikire Planning Area Existing Use Land Figure 2.8Satellite Image of Ikire Planning Area Figure 2.7Age distribution of residents State inthe of Osun by gender Figure 2.6Topography Map of of Planning the asection Area (Ikire city) Figure 2.5Annual (2010)Temperature Pattern for Ikire Planning Area patternFigure 2.4Rainfall inIkire Planning Area Figure 2.3State of Osun Showing Structure Plan Project Cities Figure settlements 2.10Other inIkire Planning Area Table Demand Projection for Services 6.4Basic Ikire Planning Area (2014-2033) Table 3.14SWOT Analysis on Gender Figure 2.2Map of Osun showing Government Local Areas Figure 2.1Map of Nigeria showing location the of State the of Osun able Use 6.3Land Budget for Projected the Population (2014–2033) 2010, 2011and 2012 Domestic Purpose Exclusive Sleeping Rooms ...... 64 ...... 92 82 77 65 46 44 42 39 37 35 34 32 31 27 25 25 24 24 24 24 46 23 15 80 68 63 52 51 51 51 45 25 18 18 17 14 13 12 11 10 92 63 13 64 35 19 5 7 Table 3 Floor Area Requirements by Sizes of Families...... 93 Table 4 Recommended Minimum Plot Area for Different Types of Housing...... 93 Table 5 Recommended Maximum Plot Coverage...... 93 Table 6 Minimum Set-Backs of Dwellings from Plot Lines...... 93 Table 7 Minimum Distance between any Two Buildings, Back to Back...... 94 Table 8 Percentage Area Devoted to Commercial Development by Size of Town...... 94 Table 9 Recommended land Allocation in a Commercial Area/Market...... 94 Table 10 Recommended Set-Backs of Commercial Property Lines from Centre Lines of Abutting Streets.....94 Table 11 Recommended Widths of Roads in Commercial Area...... 94 Table 12 Number of Parking spaces per Gross Hectare of Commercial Development...... 95 Table 13 Recommended Land use Standard in Industrial Area/Estates...... 95 Table 14 Recommended Set-Backs for Industrial Property Lines from Centre-Lines of Roads...... 95 Table 15 Recommended Width of Carriageway in Industrial Area/Estates...... 95 Table 16 Set-Backs of Petrol Filling Bays from Centre-Lines of Abutting Roads...... 96 Table 17 Population to be served by each Type of Facility and Radius of Catchment Area...... 96 Table 18 Desirable Site Areas for Health Facilities...... 96 Table 19 Quantity of Potable Water to be supplied to a Community for Various Purposes...... 97 Table 20 Space Standards for Services...... 97 Table 21 Recommended Widths of Streets in Residential Areas...... 97 Table 22 Design Standard for Elements of Various Types of Roads...... 98 Table 22 Number of Cars to be Parked along Curbs per Furlong at Different Angles of 1 Curb Parking on one Side...... 98 Table 23 Minimum Dimensions for the Design of Parking facilities (Drive-in Layout)...... 98 Table 24 Number of Car Parking Spaces...... 99 Table 25 Standards for Playgrounds...... 99 Table 26 Standards for Socio-Cultural Activity Areas...... 100

LIST OF PLATES

xi Plate 1: Ikire City Centre...... 2 Plates 2 - 7: Stakeholders at the Ikire City Consultation...... 6 Plate 8: A Cross Section of the core area of Ikire Town...... 22 Plates 9 - 10: Residential Buildings in the core area of Ikire...... 23 Plate 11: Market in Ikire by the Oba’s Palace...... 28 Plates 12 - 13: Dodo Ikire hawkers on Ife-Ibadan Expressway and a preparation centre...... 28 Plates 14 - 15: Plantain and Palm Kernels from farms in the Planning Area...... 29 Plate 20: Sawmill Industry in Ikire...... 30 Plate 21: Women engaged in Garri Processing and sale of palm oil...... 36 Plates 21 - 26: Apata Atamora and other Heritage sites in Ikire Planning Area...... 38 Plates 27 - 28: Poor environmental situation in Ikire town...... 39 Plates 29 - 30: Blocked Drainage and new channel under construction in Ikire...... 39 Plates 31 - 32: Typical Dump Sites in Ikire Planning Area...... 40 Plate 33: Public Water Tap within Ikire Planning Area...... 43 Plate 34: Derelict Ikire General Hospital complex on Ife-Ibadan Expressway...... 44 Plates 35 - 36: Poor condition of some roads in Ikire Planning Area...... 45 xii Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project WSSSRP UN-HABITAT UNESCO SEEDS SACA RUWESA RUSPS PPP PHCN OWMA OVC OSWC OSRUWSSA OSEPA O CLEAN NURTW NPC NITEL NGOs NDHS NCMM NBS MDGs LGCs LGA LEEDS HIV/AIDS GSM GRA FOMWAN EU CSR CEDAW CBOs CBD BUS ANC ACRONYMS

Water Su United N United N State E State A Rural Wat Rapid Urb Public-Private Power Ho Osun Was Partnership Orphan Osun State Water Corporation Osun State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency Osun State Environmental Protection Agency Osun State Agency for Waste Solid Management National Union of Transport Road Workers National Population Commissions Nigeria Non-Governmenta Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey National Commission for Museums and Monuments National Bureau of Statistics Millennium Development Goals GovernmentLocal Councils GovernmentLocal Area Economic EmpowermentLocal and Development Strategies Human Immunode SystemGlobal of Mobile Communication Government Residential Area Federation ofMuslimWomen’sAssociationsNigeria Europea ResponsibilityCorporate Social A Convention ontheEliminationofallFormsDiscrimination Community Organizations Based BusinessCentral Districts Urban Basic Services Ante Natal Clinics gains conomic Empowerment and Development Strategy t ction Committee for AIDS n elecommunication s and Vulnerable Children n Union pply and Sanitation Reform Sector Programme Women ations Human Settlements Programme ations Organization for Education, and Science Culture T lding Company of Nigeria er Supply and Environmental Sanitation Agency te Management Authority an Profiling Sector for Sustainability l Or ficiency ficiency Virus/Acquired ImmuneDe ganizations ficiency ficiency Syndrome EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The State of Osun, located in Nigeria’s South West In addition, the Structure Plan seeks to build capacity geopolitical zone, ranks among the most urbanized of and aid informed strategic decision-making with main the country’s 36 states, with towns and cities in the state focus on the following: experiencing unprecedented population and spatial growth over the past half Century. This phenomenon, ❚❚ Setting the broad structure for the direction of future unfortunately, has occurred alongside several undesired growth of these cities, taking account of topograph- consequences, notable among which are haphazard and ical, environmental and socio-economic constraints uncoordinated physical development, overcrowding and and considerations; congestion within inner city neighborhoods, inadequate provision of infrastructure and services, as well as deteri- ❚❚ Providing for the co-ordination of a wide-range of orating social and environmental conditions, which present and future commercial activities and public make the cities generally unsustainable and unable to services (including provision for adequate recre- fulfil their potentials as engines of growth. ational public and open spaces) affecting economic development, employment, transportation, housing, In order to effectively address the challenges of unsus- education, and social welfare); and, tainable urbanisation and adequately position the State of Osun to actualize its Six-Point Integral ❚❚ Providing for a staged urban development strategy Action Plan, the State Governor, Ogbeni Rauf within particular areas or growth corridors in order Aregbe-sola, though a technical cooperation to maximize efficiency in the provision of key infra- agreement with the United Nations Human structure items such as water, sewerage, electricity Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) initiated a and roads. project on the preparation of Structure Plans for nine of the largest cities in the State. The cities are Through the adopted process, consultants and relevant Osogbo, Ede, Ilesa, Iwo, Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile- staff of the Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Ife, Ikire and Ejigbo. Urban Development were trained on the application of xiii This initiative, which would guide the development of the RUSPS methodology developed by the UN-HAB- participating cities over the next 20 years, was also to ITAT to collect relevant data on the agreed thematic follow through on the state’s O-Renewal programme areas. Focus group discussions and a city consultation designed to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the were held to enhance inclusiveness and allow validation core areas in these cities. The Structure Plan for the city of the data collection and decision-making processes of Ikire, the capital of Osun State therefore integrates for the Structure Plan. elements of the regeneration strategy with proposals for an overall framework to guide its sustainable growth IKIRE PLANNING AREA over the period 2014 to 2033. Background: Ikire Planning Area comprises two of Essentially, the approach adopted for the preparation the 30 local government areas in the State of Osun. and adoption of the Structure Plan for Ikire and environs These are Irewole and Isokan Local Government Areas, is the participatory Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for with respective headquarters at Ikire and Apomu. Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology, which presents These LGAs form part of the Ayedaade/Irewole/Isokan the spatial contexts for promoting social, economic Federal Constituency of Nigeria. The Planning Area and cultural development of the area with respect to lies between latitude 7°18’N and 7°30’N of the equator the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and and 4°10’E and 4°20’E of the Greenwich Meridian. It slums; Local Economic Development; Transportation; covers 641,526,879.20 square metres land area and Urban Safety/Security; Disaster Risk Reduction; Basic is bounded by major settlements and land mass such Urban Services; Environment; Gender; Governance; as Gbongan in the North-East; Shasa River and Ife Heritage/Historic areas; and Land Administration. North Local Government in the East; and, Osun River and Asejire in the West. It also shares boundary with two other local government areas in the State, namely Ayedire and Ayedaade, in the North and South respectively xiv

Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Apata. Wasimi and made upthe and 103,177inIsokan LGA. Thedifferent districtsthat by widespreadslumenvironmentsandhouseholds. conditions indicatethatthecityischaracterized the removalofgarbage.Theprevalencethese not haveaccesstoadequate safe, sufficient and potable water are area ther preparation: thematic issuesguidedtheprofiling and Structure Plan city consultationwasheldinthecity. Thefollowing Area were reviewed through theprofile studiesanda The various development issuesin Ikire Planning community. social interactionsbetween different sectionsofthe a safeandeffective mannerthatwillnot restrict the tation systemstolinkthetwosidesofhighwayin implications forthedesignandadoptionoftranspor of thecity’s functionalityandgrowth. There are also significant implicationsforplanningandmanagement which bisects Ikire and thePlanning Area. This has A majordev is The s tertiary uses. land uses within thesame coexisting intheresidentialneighborhoodsoreven tional instance, it neighborhoods ofthesethreemajorcentres.For prevalence ofmixedlanduseswithintheresidential education andcommercialland residential, punctuatedinplaceswithpublic, predominant landuseinthebuiltupareasis centres ofIkire, Constituting thebuilt up P commercial uses.Broadly,thelandusein punctu-ated byresidential,publicand The existinglanduseofIkirePlanningAreais PLANNING AREA DEVELOPMENT ISSUESINIKIRE P opulation: Accordingly, the2006P lanning par in very in very e live ituation withintheIkire c areas andthe were ticularly poor markets orinformalmechanicyards in life Area a total poor are madeupof elopment issueistheIfe-Ibadan Expressway is Kajola. OtherswereAsejire,Ayetoro can becategorizedintotwo:thebuilt- common tofindcorner and health-threatening homeswhich physical condition;lackingadequate, city were:Ikoyi,Apomu,Ikire, of 143,599peopleinIrewole LGA residential building.Institutional , as sev Apomu andIkoyi.The up areaarethethreemajor un-built eral r sanitation, drainageand primary, secondaryand ity centre (thecore area) esidents within supply and, do opulation Census, uses. Thereisa (natural) areas. shops, tradi- this and - people andbuildings. minimize thecostofrelocating alargenumberof mediumandlongtimeplanningto it proffers short, on the goals and objectives of the Structure Plan and areasment ofboththecentralandoutskirt is tive growth patternproposed forIkire Planning Area Upon analysisofthekeyissues,preferred alterna- development. port planning area inorder toachieve asustainabletrans the different modes)and autopark facilities within the system (networksassesses the existing and transport Safety; Disaster RiskReduction; mation andmanagementintheplanningarea; legislative framework forlandadministration,infor and solidwastes;LandAdministration covers the facilities, electricity, telecommunication,sanitation issues relating toeducation,watersupply, health climate change; Urban Basic Services to address mental issues conservation that relate to legislative andinstitutionalframeworksforenviron Environment heritage inorder toaidtheirdevelopment. exploring thedeeptraditionalsettingthatdefinestheir cultural normsandpracticesoftheplanningarea while spill-over ofNigeria tootherparts ”. improvement of the welfare with a positive of its citizenry physical development oftheState ofOsun aswell asinthe Government thatwillresult service inthegrowth and provide anexcellent, efficientandeffective quality The overarching Mission statementfor Osun is“ OBJECTIVES STRUCTURE PLANVISION,GOALSAND for wealth creation andHeritage, which improving andresources theiraccesstoopportunities ities forwomenandthevulnerablegroups thereby issues ofspaceforeconomic,politicalandsocialactiv in theplanningarea; Gender, for thedifferent kindsofurbangovernance existing that ischaracterisedby theinstitutionalarrangements ment situationandlocaleconomicbase; account thesocioeconomicdevelopment, employ city; LocalEconomic Development, housing andsecurityoftenure forabetterandclean Shelter The Composite Model, and Slums, covers tothepolicy, allissuespertaining which covers issuesofsanitation, which allows which highlightsthe and Transportation

which takesinto

features several showcases the

the develop- Governance isbased Urban to - - - - - The vision forIkire also reflects the aspirations of the ❚❚ Regenerating Ikire core area to provide improved communities and supports the implementation of the quality and quantity of commercial, residential and local agenda. Therefore the vision for the Structure Plan leisure uses in an attractive setting; is based on a thorough analysis and understanding of the evidence from the consultation, the overall vision ❚❚ Supporting local community life through educa- of the State, the international and national policies. tion and employment opportunities, cultural and Although unforeseen changes over the next 20 years sporting assets, community services, healthcare, are likely, the Structure Plan vision is: recreational activities and other infrastructure that meets local needs; “To develop Ikire as a dynamic, resilient, livable and inclusive city with strong social, ❚❚ Making Ikire an easy place to get to and around by economic, human, and infrastructural base that walking, cycling, public transport and road; will signifi-cantly sustain the city as a regional hub that ensures employment generation, poverty ❚❚ Reducing the impacts of flooding, inadequate waste reduction and environmental sustainability” disposal, traffic congestion and rising energy costs;

The specific objectives are: ❚❚ To promote rehabilitation and preservation of buildings, and improvement of places of local, archi- ❚❚ Improving the overall physical environment of Ikire tectural, cultural or historical interest; and environs and providing new homes and infrastructure and an improved local environment that The implementation of Ikire Structure plan will will provide support for local businesses; therefore rely on effective partnership between the government, the private sector, NGOS and the public, ❚❚ Improving the overall environment of Ikire and as well as mobilising the necessary resources to imple- environs by supporting businesses and enterprise, ment the recommendations. These would make Ikire enhancing the public realm, and a more sustainable a more sustainable human settlement, efficient and mix of new homes, including family housing; meeting the needs of its residents.

xv xvi

Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 01 Chapter 1 Introduction

1 INTRODUCTION 2 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project oenet edures n cnrs for centres and headquarters educational, culturalandcommercialactivities. adminis-trative/local government as roles multiple their second, from population of in-migration First, sources. major two from pressures These cities. these of plans use land of lack to due of expansion uncontrolled Orangun the of cities major State in growth Population years. achieving sustainability. cities experiencingrapidgrowth intheState towards plans toguidethedevelopment andmanagement of underscore theneedforadoptingstrategicurban of overall amenityamongothers.Thesechallenges infrastructure, environmental pollutionandlack proliferation ofslums,inadequateurban shortages, urbanization intheState ofOsun includehousing Development challenges that have accompanied rapid experience rapid in Nigeria andcitiesintheState have continuedto The State of Osun isoneof themosturbanized states PREAMBLE 1.1 ie sgo Iea IeIe Ee Io Ila Iwo, Ede, Ile-Ife, Ilesa, Osogbo, like , Ejigbo, Ikirun Ejigbo, ,

population growth in and Ikire have in turn led to led turn in have Ikire and hi pyia boundaries physical their to guide the development the guide to for growth have come have growth for is the pressure from pressure the is ua aes and areas rural the past50 ❚ ❚ cally, theproject isaimedat: land useplanninganddevelopment control. Specifi- Plans willaidinformedstrategicdecision-makingand development andgrowth inthenext20years. The these citiesasanoverall framework forguidingtheir State ofOsun inthepreparation ofStructure Plan for The overall objective the ofthisproject istosupport and Ikirun. Ikire Ila-Orangun, Ejigbo, Ede, Iwo, Ile-Ife, Ilesa, Structure of Preparation Plans the on embarked ITAT), Nations Human Settlements Programme the State withtheUnited ofOsun inpartnership cities to economic growth and social welfare. Hence, formation, and provision,service minimize theincidenceofslum and Structure Plans are to guide the physical development plans fortheninemostpopulouscitiesinState. The Osun unplanned urbanization, the State In order toaddress the ❚ ❚ applications planningandGIS key actorsinlocalparticipatory traininginstitutions andother state departments, Strengthening institutional capacities of relevant manner fortheninecities Developing Structure Plans inaparticipatory management ofthesecitiestofacilitateeffective o te olwn nn cte, namely cities, nine following the for decided to ensure signifi adopt strategic urbandevelopment cant c challenges arisingfrom Plate 1: ontribution oft Government of Ikire CityCentre (UN-HAB Osogbo, hese - ❚❚ Identification of priority interventions for enhancing Essentially, a Structure Plan is meant to: socio-economic development, urban management and setting up a framework for their implementation ❚❚ Generate and provide for development plans to meet the social and economic needs of the residents in the ❚❚ Contributing to improved land administration by Planning Area in ways which do not compromise the establishing digital base maps for the three cities. quality of the environment and the quality of life of future generations, in accordance with the principles Essentially, the support of UN-HABITAT to the of sustainability. State Government of Osun and the nine cities is in aid of developing sustainable, rationalized and imple- ❚❚ Create, for the people of the Planning Area, the best mentable urban structure plans for each of the subject possible opportunities for work, housing, shopping, cities. Without such plans, strategic and meaningful education and leisure and for meeting social and development may be compromised in the cities. The community needs, including assisting those within structure plans are therefore very important, given the the community with particular disadvantages to need to contribute to the achievement of the goals improve their quality of life; and of State of Osun Six-Point Integral Action Plan, the Habitat Agenda in relation to providing adequate ❚❚ Improve and protect the built and natural environ- shelter for all and the Millennium Development Goals. ment of the Planning Area. This report presents the plan for Ikire and environs. In summary, the Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area is designed to make significant contributions towards achieving the goals of the State of Osun’s Six Point Integral Action Plan, the adapted Local 1.2 Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy THE NATURE AND OVERALL (LEEDS) by the constituent Local governments, the PURPOSE OF A STRUCTURE National Transformation Agenda and National Vision PLAN 20:2020 programme, the HABITAT Agenda and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), as well as

the National Policies on Housing and Urban Devel- Chapter 1 Introduction opment. A comprehensive land use plan for cities is usually undertaken by experts working with the community 3 in a participatory manner to guide the future use of land, address strategic issues of concern to the continuity and make long term decisions about the growth 1.3 of the city. METHODOLOGY

The Structure Plan for Ikire is adopted as a statutory planning policy document which focuses on land-use development and protection, set within the context of Hitherto, master plans in Nigeria have been drawn social, economic and environmental trends and consid- without adequate consultation with the stakeholders. erations. It is a veritable tool for integrating the spatial The effects of this non-participatory approach to the contexts of national, state and local planning policies formulation of land use plans are various. In many and provides strategies for the long-term use of land instances, successful implementation has been hindered and buildings, thus providing a framework for local partly because the contents do not meet the expecta- decision-making and the reconciliation of competing tions of the stakeholders, where they have not been development and conservation interests. The Structure involved in the preparation and adoption. Plan therefore aims to ensure that land-use changes proceed coherently, efficiently and with maximum The approach adopted for the preparation of the benefits for the community. Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area is the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) The Structure Plan for Ikire and environs is to be method-ology. Questionnaires and field survey subjected to continuous public consultation, on-going methods were used to collect relevant data and involvement and negotiation. Ideally, once adopted, all information. This was supplemented by desk studies decisions on planning applications are made in accor- and reviews of relevant literature, hosting of focus dance with the adopted Structure Plan, unless other group discussions to assist in collection of qualitative material considerations relating to land-use develop- information and secondary data on the various ment indicate otherwise. thematic issues as well as forecasting the future of the city and formulation of land use projections and land use design. 4 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project n h poiig f iis o te structure the for cities formulation: of profiling the in to issues thematic following the on agree consul-tants the to programmes their present and Departments Ministries, major an created also training RUSPS Urban and Housing Lands, of and Government Local the of staff Planning Physical of Urban Ministry State Osun Osun Ministries, andAgenciesnotably, Departments Training included fi September, three-day workshop onRUSPS from 24 in theState ofOsun, UN-HABITAT organized a local capacity to formulate structure plans for cities To achieve the objective of building national and formulation oflanduseplans. understanding andusefordatacollection,analysis ment ministries, and the NGO community towards its to build the capacity of consultants, staff of govern- methodology inNigeria hasbeenhingedontheneed Doma, andKeffi. Theadoptionofthe Karu RUSPS tion ofStructure Plans forfourcities,namelyLafia, to utilisetheRUSPS methodologyfortheprepara State. Nasarawa State wasthesecondState in Nigeria ture Plans forAwka, andOnitsha Nnewi inAnambra used inNigeria in2007forthepreparation ofStruc Master Plans forcitiesinEgypt. RUSPS wasfirst The RUSPS wasfirstappliedtothe preparation of Nigeria (UN-HABITAT, 2006). including Egypt, Ghana, Liberia,Kenya, Gambia and it hasbeensuccessfullyemployed inseveral countries proffered. Since 2003whenthistoolwasdeveloped, areas ofcapacitygapsuponwhichsolutionsshouldbe of acity’s improvement needs.It helpstoidentify andaction-orientedassessment fective, participatory The RUSPS methodologyisatoolforrapid,cost-ef- study inSomalia. European Commission (EC) on an urban sector profile in 2003by UN-HABITAT whileworking withthe This toolisthe RUSPS, whichwasfirstdeveloped canbebased. immediate andlongterminterventions oped atoolforrapidurbanassessmentuponwhich urbanizing world’. In so doing, UN HABITAT devel planning, development andmanagement in arapidly for all’ and‘promoting sustainablehumansettlements cities with the twin goals of ‘providing adequate shelter socially andenvironmentally sustainabletowns and urbanization facingdeveloping countries,ispromoting The UN-HABITAT, in response to various challenges of 1.3.1 ed experts inthemethodology.ed experts Participants atthe

Development, Methodology Overview oftheRUSPS 2013, toproperly trainandinduct identi selected technicalstaff Osun State and Federal Ministry Federal and Development. The Development.

oyehi and Polytechnic potnt for opportunity gnis to Agencies o be covered be th f State o

to 26 and to and plan th - - - - f

1.1. the selectedcitiesinState ofOsun isshown inFig methodology intheformulationofStructure Plan for The diagrammatic representation oftheuse RUSPS ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ cities were to: outprofiling studiesforthe The objectives ofcarrying 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ opment andmanagementofhumansettlements. projects with the aim of achieving sustainable devel- including capacitybuildingandcapitalinvestment Identify priorityprojects areas forintervention and more effective institutionalandfinancing; for developing enablinglocalpolicies,regulations Identify capacity building needs and opportunities the cityalongthematicissues; andthreatsweaknesses, opportunities (SWOT) of Develop anunderstandingofthestrengths, needed inthedifferent thematicareas; and Provide city-wideassessmentoftheimprovements Land Administration. Disaster andRiskReduction; and Heritage/Historic Areas. Governance; and Gender; Environment; Basic Urban Services; Urban Safety/Security; Transportation; Local Economic Development; Shelter andSlums; FIGURE 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs

PROCESSES OUTPUTS

RUSPS Training Capacity Building for RUSPS/Framework Agreed

Mobilization of Consultants Consultants Mobilized Citizens Sensitized

Fieldwork Relevant Data Acquired

Stakeholders’/City Consultation Priority Issues Agreed Consensus Built

Draft Structure Plan Report Draft Plan Produced

Technical Review of Draft Plan Comments Consolidated

Final Structure Plan Report

Source: UN-HABITAT 2009: Structure Plan for Awka and Satellite Towns, Nairobi. Chapter 1 Introduction 1.3.2 Desk Study and Fieldwork 5. Regulatory Frameworks;

Following the training and in line with the RUSPS 6. Programme Websites; and 5 framework, consultants undertook desk studies and field work for collection of both primary and secondary 7. Land records, registration etc. data pertaining to the nine thematic issues. The aim of the desk study was to enable the consultants to acquire Following the desk studies, the RUSPS questionnaire additional necessary background data and information as agreed to at the training was used for data collection on the Planning Area. The information collected by on the field from January to June 2013. the consultants was discussed and analysed to gain a better understanding of the situation in the city. The The participatory RUSPS methodology enabled the consultants administered the RUSPS questionnaire to consultants to identify development priorities for the all relevant stakeholders for each of the agreed themes. thematic areas of the profile studies which formed the In addition, focus group discussions were held to bases of formulating the Structure Plan. Additionally, collect required qualitative data and information on the peculiarities and anthropology of the city were critical issues of development. considered for the development of the Structure Plan for the Planning Area. Information sources utilised and reviewed included inter alia: 1.3.3 Stakeholders’ Consultations

1. Project Documents; The method of data collection entailed holding of discussions and consultations with critical stakeholders 2. Relevant Acts; during the field work undertaken from January-June 2013. Specifically, meetings and discussions were held 3. Population Statistics; with stakeholder groups in the Planning Area and at State and Local Government levels from February to 4. Data Base on Business premises, institutions, March, 2013. infrastructure etc.; 6 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project The Syndicate Groups were classifiedasfollows: have detailed discussionontheninethematicissues. were subdividedintoSyndicate Groups toenablethem covered intheRUSPS. Participants attheconsultation technical presentations oneachofthethematicissues in attendance. The consultation featuredparticipants the Akire of Ikire on Tuesday, July 17, 2013, with 412 The Ikire CityConsultationwasheldatthe Palace of UrbanPlanning- Local Economic Heritage; and, Development; Governance- Group 1 Group 3 Gender-

Environment and Transportation. Infrastructure; Services and Group 2 Group 4: Urban Urban 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. prepared thefollowing reports: ation oftheStructure Plan, consultantsforCluster3 conducted andtheCityConsultationsheldforprepar- Following thedeskstudy, theprofiling studies 1.3.4 echnical Reporting sections ofthisReport. Structure Plan andare highlightedintheappropriate the CityDeclaration have beenintegratedintothe Theby salient the participants. recommendations in collective resolutions forIkire Planning Area asagreed ration forIkire wasadopted,whichcontainsthe were adopted by voice acclamation and a City Decla- at the Plenary. Consensus was reached andthe reports The ofthe Reports Syndicate Groups were presented Structure planreport forIkire Planning Area Ikire CityconsultationsReport; and Issues Paper forConsultationinIkire; Profile studyof Ikire; Profile ofstakeholdersinthecity; Inception report; Plates 2-7:StakeholdersattheIkire CityConsultation

T ❚❚ It helps identify key development challenges to be 1.4 addressed and priority projects. Defining Ikire Planning Area ❚❚ RUSPS promotes the adoption of a participatory and integrated approach to data collection and analysis of urban issues. Essentially, the methodology emphasizes involvement of stakeholders (local government The Ikire Planning Area as defined by the State Ministry officials, traditional councils, communities, profes- of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development sional groups, trade unions and organisations, civil (MLPP&UD), comprises the entire territory delin- society organisations, among others) in identifying eated as Irewole and Isokan Local Government Areas priority issues and obtaining their buy-in for urban (LGAs). planning and management and in monitoring the implementation process.

❚❚ It covers the multi-dimensional nature of urban planning and management in the areas of shelter 1.5 and slum, local economic development, governance, Lessons Learned gender, heritage, environment, urban basic services, urban safety, disaster and risk reduction and transportation in order to attain an inclusive city.

In applying RUSPS in the preparation of the Structure ❚❚ It helps to identify critical areas of capacity gaps that Plan for Ikire Planning Area, the following lessons were need strengthening for effective urban management. learnt: ❚❚ RUSPS offers a greater scope for adopting a gender ❚❚ The methodology provides an opportunity for rapid perspective to urban planning and management. scoping of urban areas. ❚❚ Positive strong political commitment at the highest

level is achieved through the RUSPS methodology. Chapter 1 Introduction

7 FIGURE 1.2 Map showing Ikire Planning Area in the State of Osun 8 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project town. by thestakeholders atthecityconsultationheldin profile studies conductedandtheissuesagreed upon they relate to Ikire, which have been highlighted in the concise accountsofcriticaldevelopmental issuesas land usesandsettlementpatterns. ofthepeoplepopulationpattern,existing history its geographical setting, the natural environment, background account of Ikire Planning Area including accounts.Chapter2providesintroductory ageneral This haseightchapters. report STRUCTURE OFTHEREPORT 1.6 ❚ ❚ thematic issues. analysis ofthecitywithrespect totheadopted It provides outSWOT thebedrock forcarrying Chapter 1provides the Chapter 3 provides Structure Plan. well asmodalities forreview andsustainabilityofthe institutional framework,monitoringandevaluation, as including phasingofproposed development, legaland discusses criticalissuesrelated toplanimplementation growth ofthecityfornext 20years. land useproposals toguideorderly development and Plan policies, strategies and standards for realizing the in Ikire andenvirons for the plan period are contained objectives. Theprojections forpopulationgrowth of to advancing theStructure Plan’s vision,goalsand patterns forIkire andenvirons. Chapter5isdevoted Chapter 4discussesthealternative urbangrowth Chapter 6,while7presents theStructure Chapter 8 02 Chapter 2: Background to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire

9 BACKGROUND TO IKIRE PLANNING AREA 10 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 4 FIGURE 2.1MapofNigeriashowingthelocationStateOsun kilometres andisrankedthe28 State ofOsun covers atotallandarea of9,000square Irewole/Isokan Federal ConstituencyofNigeria. The and Apomu. These oftheAyedaade/ LGAs formpart Area (LGAs), withrespective atIkire headquarters 1.2). Theseare Irewole and Isokan Local Government (with Ife East Area Office) in the State of Osun (Fig. comprises oftwothe31LocalGovernment Areas of the36States inNigeria (Fig.2.1). The Planning Area Ikire Planning Area islocatedintheState ofOsun, one REGIONAL SETTING LOCATION: NATIONAL AND 2.1 across the three Senatorial Districts. The citiesare: are the focus of the Structure Plans Project are spread Office, Modakeke (Figure 2.2). Theninecitieswhich 30 LocalGovernment Areas, aswell astheIfe EastArea The State isdividedintothree Senatorial Districts and th largestinSouth West Nigeria (Figure 2.1). th largeststateandthe Ikirun, Ejigbo,Iwo,IkireandIla- parts (seeFigureparts 2.9). Expressway, whichbisectsthetown intotwounequal Ikire town islocated along theIbadan-Ile Ife respectively (Fig 1.2). State, Ayedire andAyedaade, intheNorth andSouth with two other local governmentboundary areas of the Osun River andAsejire inthe West. It alsoshares River and Ife North LocalGovernment intheEast; land masssuchas:GbonganintheNorth-East; Shasa land area and is bounded by major settlements and Greenwich Meridian. It covers 641,526,879.20m² 7°30’N oftheequatorand4°10’E4°20’E Ikire Planning Area lies between latitude 7°18’N and IKIRE PLANNINGAREA 2.2 Osogbo, the Statecapital,Ilesa,

Ile- Orangun. Ife, Ede, FIGURE 2.2 Map of Osun showing Local Government Areas Chapter 2: Background to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire

Source: State Government of Osun

year (April - October), while two months (November and December) are dry and dusty (Harmattan) and the 2.3 three remaining months (January –March) fall within NATURAL ENVIRONMENT FACTORS the hot and dry season. These seasons are brought about by the two predominant winds prevailing in the area: the South Western trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean and the North Eastern trade winds 2.3.1. Climate from across the Sahara Desert. Annual rainfall ranges between 2500mm and 1000mm. The area experiences Ikire Planning Area lies within the tropical rain forest double maxima of rainfall in July and September and climate region with clear-cut hot and humid condi- a high relative humidity of about 80% all year round. tions during the rainy seasons. The onset of the rainy The rainfall pattern for the year 2010 from the nearest season in the area is characterized by strong winds. meteorological station (Ibadan) is presented in Fig. 2.4. Rains are experienced over almost seven months of the 12 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE 2.3StateofOsunShowingStructure PlanProject Cities Source: MinistryofLands,PhysicalPlanning and UrbanDevelopment,StateofOsun2013 FIGURE 2.4 Rainfall pattern in Ikire Planning Area

350

300

250

200

150

100

April May June July March August January February October September November December

Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013)

Temperatures in Ikire are as high as between 27-34°C. the rainy and the harmattan seasons respectively. The The mean annual temperature is about 27°C with a highest temperatures are usually experienced between range of 4°C to 5°C. The coolest periods occur from January and March, creating warm conditions (Fig.

April through December, coinciding with middle of 2.5). to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire

FIGURE 2.5 Annual (2010) Temperature Pattern for Ikire Planning Area 13

0 January February March April May June July August September October November December

Maximum 34.5 36.1 35 34.2 32.1 31.1 29.3 28.8 30 31.2 32.3 33.6

Minimun 22.5 24.9 25.2 24.7 23.9 23.8 22.5 22.5 21.8 22.6 23.2 23.5

Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013)

2.3.2 Vegetation Mahogany, Araba, Arere, African walnut among others can be found in the few preserved areas. These trees Ikire Planning Area falls within the rainforest belt of account for the bulk of supplies to renowned sawmill the country. The forest region lies within the fresh water industries located in the Planning Area, especially swamp forest zone and contains fresh water plants around Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi. like raffia palm. Rain forest trees like Iroko, Obeche, 14 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.6Topography MapofasectionthePlanningArea (Ikire city) for another is Asejire to drains and expressway Ibadan - Ile-Ife the of the south lying plain flood The activities. recreation could alsobeviablesitesforpromotion oftourismand naturally posesome Though therangeofhillsin Planning Area would tural activitiesinthePlanning Area. streams have great potentialsforpromoting agricul- which allflow intothe Osun River. Theserivers and are Mooro andMoosa withtheirmanytributaries Oranran, Aworin andOpe. Themajorrivers in Ikire River and other local streams like Agbora, Shasha, The topography is drained (dendritic) mainly by Osun industries. gravel supply forthebuildingconstruction of lateriticandferaliticsoilswhichformasource of nutrient. In manyplaces,there aboundlargedeposits mantle ofweathered paddlersrichinminerals and rocks. Overgranite, gneissandquartzite theseliea complex rock. Thesoilsare primarilyderived from Ikire Planning Area issituatedmainlyonthebasement 2.3.3 use Osun State University which takes source takes which University State Osun

as marketgardens. constraint. This is however a veritable asset veritable a however is This constraint. Geology andSoils constraints to development, they around

and river valleys. topography withthree majorlandforms:hills,plains and Fig. 2.5).It islocatedonagenerallyundulating round the cityin the south westerly direction (Fig.2.4 sea level, stretching to south fromand wrapping north with anaverage elevation ofabout228metres above Ikire Planning Area issituatedamongarangeofhills 2.3.4. ReliefandDrainage road. Oko Adesile, kilometersofftheold afew Ibadan- Ife shrine forOsakire. He settledatalocationnow called he succeededinestablishinghisown town andraiseda thatheshouldnotwear ituntil son withaninstruction gave anall-whitebeadedCrown (Ade Seseefun) tohis History hasitthatwhileleavingIle-Ife, Ooni Ewuwemi Akinrere, arenowned elephant hunterfrom Ile-Ife. Ikire isanancientsettlementfoundedby Prince 2.4.1 Planning Area History andDevelopmentofIkire 2.4

History

Prince Akinrere gave birth to a son, Olaberinjo who usually located at the center of the town, in the front distinguished himself within a short time as a great of the palace. Rather, there are a handful of other hunter. Olaberinjo when ageing, instructed his son, markets where commercial activities take place, such Kuje to intensify his search for water (this later led him as Total, Owode and Obada markets among others. to the bank of River Osun) and that he should not Some of these markets are daily markets patronized forget to carry along with him the deity of his father as from morning till evening, but mostly in the evenings. well as the white beaded crown. Shortly after settling at Indeed, such night markets are a prominent feature Ikire-Omi, Kuje fell sick and died. His children faced of the Ikire local economy and social life and offers yet another problem, this time not that of a drought, potential as a basis for economic interventions. Some which drove them to their present site, but paradox- markets also operate on periodic basis, attracting ically, flooding, as Osun River would incessantly merchants from other major Yoruba town and beyond. overflow its banks, thereby destroying their camps and other valuables. This situation set them off on another Major industrial activities in Ikire are the sawmill journey in search of a permanent flood and drought- industries (timber business), bakeries, and sand-granite- free settlement, which led them to the present site of gravel building materials. Ikire is also very famous for Ikire over four centuries ago. Akire, the official title the production of a local delicacy from plantain, called of the ruler of Ikire, is a contraction of Akinrere, the “Dodo Ikire”. Today, ‘Dodo Ikire,’ a small ball of fried founder of Ikire. The town itself derived its name from ripe plantain sprinkled with pepper and onion has Osakire, which is the Chief Deity of Ikire. become the centre of a thriving household industry and is prepared for consumption as snacks both within Ikire is the headquarters of the old Irewole Local and outside Nigeria. Sellers of this genre of snack are Government Area created in 1976 following the Local found in all nooks and cranny of the Planning Area. Government Reform of that year. In 1989, the present Ayedade Local Government was created, followed by 2.4.2 Population Growth in Ikire Isokan Local Government Area in 1996 out of the old Irewole Local Government. Hence, while Ikire remains According to the 1991 Population Census, there were a the local government headquarters of Irewole, Apomu total of 134,827 persons in Irewole Local Government became the headquarters of Isokan. Area, made up of 63,905 males and 70,922 females

spread across the following districts: Ikoyi, Apomu, to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire The most predominant activities in Ikire Planning Ikire, Wasimi, Kajola, Asejire, Ayetoro, and Apata. The Area are agricultural and agro-allied businesses. The population of each of the three major settlements in the people have specialized in the production of cash Planning Area – Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi - according to 15 and food crops, notably cocoa, oil palm, kola-nuts, the 1991 population census data, constituted 58.59% coconut and fruits. Some of the food crops are yam, of the total population in Irewole LGA as at 1991. On cocoyam, cassava, sweet potato and grains (maize, the other hand, the 2006 Population Census recorded corn, and cowpea). They also engage in large poultry a total of 143,599 people in Irewole LGA and 103,177 farms, fishery, animal husbandry, palm produce and in Isokan LGA. These figures indicate that by 2006, saw-milling industries among others. the population of former Irewole LGA had increased significantly and the current population of persons Ikire and some other major settlements in the Planning residing in Irewole and Isokan LGAs constituted a Area such as Ikoyi and Apomu do not have the 54.64% growth increase over the old Irewole LGA’s tradi-tional market popularly known as ‘Oja Oba’ 1991 population. which is

TABLE 2.1 Population of three major towns in the Planning Area in 1991

Settlements Male Female Total % of total LGA population Ikire 21,344 24,891 46,235 34.30

Apomu 10,769 12,623 23,392 17.35

Ikoyi 4,260 5,103 9,363 6.94

Total 36,373 42,617 78,990 58.59

Source: National Population Commission (1991) 16 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 2.2Populationincrease inLGAsthePlanningArea TABLE 2.3AgeStructure ofResidentsin theStateofOsunbygender (1,657,522) constitutethedependentpopulation. groups and gender-indicatesthatatotalof48.51% State intothedifferent agestructure - by five yearage (Table 2.3)showing thedistributionofresidents inthe 2006 Census.However, state-widedata(NPC2009) gregated onaLocalGovernment Area basisunderthe The agestructure of residents inthe State wasnotdisag 2.4.3 LGAs Irewole Total Isokan

in StateofOsun Age Structur Age Group 10 -14 15 -19 20 -24 25 -29 30 -34 35 -39 40 -44 45 -49 50 -54 55 -59 60 -64 65 -69 70 -74 75 -79 80 -84 Total 0 -4 5 -9 85+ e ofPopulation 134,827 134,827 1991 - 1,734,149 208,946 230,176 217,502 206,086 175,529 138,189 101,297 85,511 87,130 71,487 67,171 33,793 39,641 20,201 20,962 10,061 11,032 9,435 Male - of Osunpopulation. force work the the population, (ages youths hs ru cmrss esn wti te age the within persons groups comprises group This 103,177 143,599 246,776 2006 1,682,810 between 197,983 209,859 196,232 190,738 174,049 161,758 120,679 104,712 Source: NationalPopulationCommission(1991and2009) Female 84,717 66,154 54,752 31,029 32,808 17,862 15,442 7,240 8,773 8,023 03) cone fr 55% f the of 25.50% for accounted 20-34) age groups which are dominant in dominant are which groups age constitute only 22.22% of the State the of 22.22% only constitute Source: NationalPopulationCommission (2009) eo to zero Population increase (%) 9 er. huh the Though years. 19 93.89 83.03 - 3,416,959 406,929 440,035 413,734 396,824 349,578 299,947 221,976 190,223 171,847 137,641 121,923 64,822 72,449 38,063 36,404 16,675 18,834 19,055 Total FIGURE 2.7 Age distribution of residents in the State of Osun by gender

250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

0 0-4 85 + - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 11 05 - 10

Male Female

2.4.4 Development and Physical uses. There is a prevalence of mixed land uses within the Growth of Ikire Planning Area residential neighborhoods of these three major centres. For instance, it is common to find corner shops, tradi- The settlement patterns of Ikire, Ikoyi and Apomu tional markets or informal mechanic yards coexisting comprise of three distinct residential zones, which in the residential neighborhoods or even within the

form the bulk of development in the Planning Area. same residential building. Institutional land uses are to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire Such locations as the King’s Palace, town hall, central made up of primary, secondary and tertiary uses. The mosque, homes of early settlers as well as compounds main tertiary educational institution is the Osun State of the traditional High Chiefs and Princes are located University located along Ikire-Iwo Road. 17 within the heart of the city, otherwise referred to as the core residential zone. Banking and commercial activities, especially street market activities, are also prominent in the city and However, over the years this section of the city grew are concentrated on two major streets, notably the inorganically. The core area is followed by the transi- Ikire-Iwo Road. The intersection of three roads at the tion zone in a wheel-like manner. Developments city centre broadly forms the Central Business District in this zone, unlike those in the core areas, are well with the Post office, banks, Central Mosque and main laid-out with adequate accessibility to roads and other market all located in close proximity. urban infrastructure facilities. Housing density in the third residential zone (sub-urban) is lower than in the other two zones. Building developments in this zone are well planned, although development appears to 2.5 be overtaking the planning. Other land uses in the Planning Area are commercial, institutional, industrial Other settlements in Ikire Planning and public, agriculture, roads/circulation and recre- Area ation (Figure 2.9).

2.4.5 Existing Land Use Pattern in Ikire Planning Area Other settlements in the Planning Area in addition to the three major centres of Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi The existing land use of Ikire Planning Area is punctu- are Molarere, Ayetoro Odogbo, Wasimi, Apata, ated by residential, public and commercial uses. Asejire, Kajola, Majeroku and Alusekere among Broadly, the land use of the planning can be categorized others (Fig.2.10). into two: the built-up areas and the un-built (natural) areas. Constituting the built up area are the three major centres of Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi. The predominant land use in the built up areas is residential, punctuated in places with public, education and commercial land 18 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.9Ikire PlanningArea ExistingLandUse FIGURE2.8SatelliteImageofIkire PlanningArea FIGURE 2.10 Other settlements in Ikire Planning Area Chapter 2: Background to Chapter 2: Background Planning Area Ikire

19 20 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 03 Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

21 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN IKIRE PLANNING AREA 22 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project in slums. shelter forallandimprove thelives ofthepeopleliving urged theglobalcommunity topromote adequate the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)have in the housing subsector. Both the Habitat Agenda and (Wahab 1983).Slums are themanifestationsofpoverty Housing isregarded asmore thanprovision ofshelter 3.2.1 Development IssuesandPriorities 3.2 tration, Urban Safety, Disaster andriskreduction and Environment, Urban Basic LandAdminis Services, Development, work. These are Shelter and Slums, LocalEconomic thematic areas adoptedundertheRUSPS frame between January andMay 2013focusedontheeleven The Profile studyconductedon Ikire Planning Area Profiling Ikire PlanningArea 3.1

SHEL TER ANDSLUMS Governance, Gender, Heritage, - -

Report, while the have been referred tointheappropriate sectionsofthis cance totheformulationofStructure Plan forIkire contributions ofthestakeholderswhichare ofsignifi relevance tothefuture planningofthearea. Thecritical in respect ofeachthethematicareas whichare of attendance, duringwhichconsensuswasreached on on Tuesday, July in 17,2013with412participants stakeholders attheCityConsultationsheldinIkire fied intheprofile study were thereafter presented to Transportation. The various development issuesidenti in Appendix 1. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ more thanoneofthefollowing attributes: refers toareas thatmanifestanyoneoracombination The definitionof “slums” bythe United Nations(2002) ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Lack ofsecure tenure. infrastructure; Inadequate accesstosanitationandother Inadequate accesstosafewater; Overcrowding; Poor qualityofhousing; structural Plate 8: ACross Sectionofthecore area ofIkire Town

Ikire City Declaration can be found - - Slum formation is a product of inadequate housing, as Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi Industrial and Residen- deferred maintenance of infrastructure and structures, tial Estate; Molagbo Residential Scheme and Apomu deficiency in housing services provision and unmet Residential Scheme. While Ikire Development Scheme expectations. and Molagbo Residential Scheme attract very low patronage due to lack of basic infrastructure services Existing Housing Stock in Ikire on the site, Apomu Residential Scheme is yet to take Planning Area off and is still at the proposal stage. A recent survey (Osun Urban Renewal Program, 2012) revealed that high density residential buildings make up The housing condition within the Ikire city centre about 60% of the core area of Ikire. Housing provision (the core area) is particularly poor, as several residents within Ikire town and its environs is largely through within this area live in life and health-threatening individual initiatives, as there are only few government homes which are in very poor physical condition; residential schemes, which at best are not widely patro- lacking adequate, safe, sufficient and potable water nized by people. For instance, the “Ikire Development supply and, do not have access to sanitation, drainage Scheme” is an ongoing project comprising a residential and the removal of garbage. The prevalence of these layout that cuts across the three major settlements of conditions indicate that the city is characterized by Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi. Since Isokan LGA was created widespread slum environments and households. from Irewole LGA, the management of this residential layout has been handled jointly by the two LGAs. A significant proportion of buildings in the city core Similarly, each of the LGAs has other residential layout area can be described as deteriorating and dilapidated, schemes which are exclusively owned and managed by with residents usually living in crowded rooms with the respective local governments. These are Molagbo very limited spaces that lack adequate ventilation, Residential Scheme located in Irewole LGA and an indication that there have not been considerable Apomu Residential Scheme in Isokan LGA. Thus, improvements in the condition of housing in this part within the Planning Area, there are only three Layout of Ikire Planning Area over time. Schemes: Ikire Development Scheme also referred to Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

Plates 9 - 10: Residential Buildings in the core area of Ikire

In assessing housing conditions within the Planning population with access to improved sanitation and Area, data on selected slum indicators were used, proportion of household population with access to namely the proportion of households with access to durable housing (National Population Commission improved water, proportion of household population 2006). These were compared with other National data with access to piped water, proportion of household on slum indicators (UN-Habitat 2008).

TABLE 3.1 Distribution of Regular Households by Type of Housing Unit

State Total House on Hut Flat in Semi- Rooms/Let Informal/ Others separate structure block of detached in house Improvised stand or made of flats house dwelling yard traditional material Osun 730313 453516 21765 94111 44614 95740 2024 18543 Irewole 29966 21492 1576 1797 1801 2674 23 603 Isokan 21912 15937 1098 1294 1251 1735 61 536

Source: National Population Commission 24 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Unit Rooms TABLE 3.3Ikire PlanningArea: DistributionofRegularHouseholds byNumberofExclusiveSleeping Domestic Purpose TABLE 3.5Ikire PlanningArea: DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbySource ofWater Supplyfor TABLE 3.4Ikire PlanningArea: DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyTenure StatusofDwellingUnit TABLE 3.2 Isokan Irewole Osun State Isokan Irewole Isokan Irewole Osun Osun Isokan Irewole Osun

Ikire PlanningArea: Household Regular 730313 21912 29966 730313 21912 29966 730313 21912 29966 730313 21912 29966 Total Total Total Sleeping 52098 452264 77643 Room 1039 15170 21296 2497 2972 800 No Pipe-borne internal Heads of Household Owned 432938 14754 20890 Distribution ofRegularHouseholdsbyOwnershipStatusDwelling 66482 54732 Room 2039 2790 21687 1353 1912 One 1047 766 Pipe-borne external Spouse to Head of Household Owned but Rooms paid off 85127 not yet 9299 94428 1899 2474 Two 17318 184 160 2652 2797 Tanker supply/water 715 471 Other Household vendor Member 340368 Rooms 15253 95082 Three 9359 27696 1926 2620 1126 829 Well Relative but not 208531 Rented Household Member 4116 6129 118958 Rooms 36807 2031 98811 3837 6036 Four 438 1719 2752 Bore- hole Privately Owned (Landlord) Occupied rent-free Rooms 48873 46235 66000 1320 1193 1897 2147 2320 Five 954 9090 189 261 Rain water Private Employer Source: NationalPopulationCommission Source: NationalPopulationCommission Source: NationalPopulationCommission Source: NationalPopulationCommission 153542 110063 Rooms 6862 7011 5338 7390 9032 Six 112 146 River Stream/ Spring Squatting Other Private 3641

113 Agency 68 Rooms Seven 22377 4555 12399 120 261 395 772 372 Dugout/Pond/ Lake/ 302 Public/ Govt Dam/ Pool Owned Others 1885 Eight & 120096 Rooms Above 18289 67 88 3474 3893 790 467 4906 103 239 Other Other TABLE 3.6 Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Type of Toilet Facility

State Total Water Pit Latrine Bucket/ Toilet Public Outside Other Closet Pan Facility in Toilet (bush/ (WC) separate beach/ dwelling field)

Osun 730313 102172 303553 14783 9507 55705 242056 2537

Irewole 29966 1970 9877 555 454 2479 14493 138

Isokan 21912 1124 4893 377 170 2154 13077 117

Source: National Population Commission

TABLE 3.7 Ikire Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Method of Solid Waste Disposal

State Total Collected Buried by Public Unapproved Burnt by Other Household Approved Dump site Household Dump site

Osun 730313 51988 42960 122459 280247 219714 12945

Irewole 29966 1661 1922 3455 11180 11357 391

Isokan 21912 1251 851 2652 10399 6205 554

Source: National Population Commission

FIGURE 3.1 Comparative analysis of housing conditions (2003 and 2006) Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

100 25 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Porportion of households Porportion 20 10 0 Access to improved water Access to piped water Access to improved sani Access to durable housing

Nigeria (2003)% 67 33 60 89.7 Planning Area (2006)% 17.6 12.9 16.1 75

Source: National Population Commission (2006), UN-Habitat (2008).

Housing regulations and policy is contrary to the provisions of the Supreme Court The National Housing Policy (2012), Urban Devel- ruling in 2004 which states that the 1999 Urban and opment Policy (2012), Land Use Act (1978) and the Regional Planning Decree should no longer be imple- Urban and Regional Planning Act (1992), contain mented as a national legislation. However, the State has essential provisions which take care of housing and commenced the process of passing its own planning slum upgrading in the country at large. Although, the legislation into law and a Bill to this effect is awaiting State of Osun is practically operating the 1992 National passage into law by the State House of Assembly. Urban and Regional Planning Law, the state has not passed the required planning legislation into law. This 26 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project residential area. residentialopment ofafew layouts outsidethecore buildings mostly outside the core area, with devel- ment ofprivate housing,such as single-unitresidential mainly ofindividualsorgroups embarking ondevelop housing stockinthePlanning Area have consisted toimproveEfforts thequantityandqualityof of thecity. centre, for the purpose of renewing the oldest sections the areas withinaone-kilometerradiusfrom thecity programme involvesandrehabilitation of thesurvey the preparation andadoptionofStructure Plans. This is being implemented in the nine cities earmarked for wide Urban Renewal (O’Renewal) Programme, which the State ofOsun. Notable amongtheseisthestate- ment toimprove thequality oflifethepeoplein Area, several stepshave beentakenby thestategovern ofthePlanning lence ofslumconditionsinmostparts Despite the dismalstateofhousingandthepreva Housing andUrbanRenewal others. low income, destitute and the less privileged, among places ofpermanentabodeformany, includingthe slum areas withinIkire andenvirons have become not beenanycaseofforced evictioninIkire. Indeed, Despite the proliferation ofslumsinthestate,there has financial resources topurchase them. however notdeniedaccesstolandwhentheyhave the land inheritanceismostlypatrilineal. Women are ownership ownership oflandinfavour ofmales,since also ontheincrease. Thishasalso resulted inskewed fragmentation whileactivitiesoflandspeculatorsare family andmaleinheritancesystemhasledtoland and families.Subsequently, outrighttransferthrough the Oba onbehalfofthecommunityorindividuals land was communally owned by and held in trust Before theenactment of theLandUse Act in1978, Security oftenure - - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Ikire Planning Area ispresented in Table 3.8. and Threats (SWOT) for Shelter and Slums issuesin Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities ❚ conditions inthePlanning Area includethefollowing: Priority issuesassociatedwiththeprevalence ofslum Shelter andSlums:PriorityIssues effectively.perform in theLocalGovernments inthePlanning Area to of the Department Town Planning andLandServices ofequipmentandmaterialsrequiredand adearth by others inthestate,whilethere islow technicalcapacity Adewole and Isokan Local Government Areas like in minimize theprevalence of slum conditions is weak in opment control required thisinitiative and tosupport However, theinstitutionalframework/policy fordevel - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ slum upgradingactivities; forsustainedimplementationof vate partnerships Lack ofinstitutionalframework suchaspublic-pri- women inslumareas; Low accesstolandandcredit forbothmenand evictions; of thelegalrightsslumdwellers from forceful Limited Security of Tenure and lack of protection within thePlanning Area; leading todeteriorationoflivingenvironment Inadequate provision ofinfrastructure andservices implement projects forslumupgrading. Inadequate capacitytoidentify, prioritize plansand TABLE 3.8 SWOT Analysis of Shelter and Slums Priority Issues

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECTS

Existence of • Low level of implementation • Prospects in the • Do nothing • Passage of relevant National policies of adopted policies in the Structure plan to situation leading legislation, policies and legislation state. reflect the objectives, to worse housing and land use for Housing • Use of outdated planning and strategies of condition. standards. and Urban legislation and non- adopted policies Development. • Lack of political • Upgrading of inner adoption of Urban and will and suburban slums Regional Planning legislation for the State. • Possible resistance • Provision of adequate • Absence of formal Master to land use access to safe water Plans for Ikire and its zoning and sanitation. surrounding communities. Existence of legal • Weak development • Exploring • Lack of reform, • Reform of land titling and cultural control system in the local opportunities in continuation process to ensure system of land government. Constitutional of the existing access to land by ownership. review to introduce ineffective the poor, women, Establishment • Inefficient mechanisms for new strategies for housing delivery widows and non- of Digital land transferring property land acquisition for situation. indigenes. information housing, access to • Sub-optimal environment • Possible resistance system for the for mortgage lending due land, and efficient state housing finance to land use to absence of clear property zoning. rights, long process of • High land prices, low obtaining governor’s per capital income consent, inefficient land of majority of the management system, population and high and high cost of property cost of building transaction. materials.

Private sector • Poor provision for housing • High land cost, • Promote sites investment in infrastructure and lack of high interest loans and services to housing subsidy; leading to high ensure adequate housing cost. infrastructure Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire • Poor housing development provision. with about 70% of urban • Lack of resources. population living without • Promote PPP in access to potable water and housing development 27 aesthetic environment and and management good sanitation. • Capacity building. • Lack of adequate funding from internal and less • Mobilize resources usage of external sources of for projects. funding.

State has • Partial scope of the scheme • Prospects for • Lack of continuity • Implement, sustain, embarked on covering only the inner expansion of the O and extend existing urban renewal areas. Renewal programme • Lack of political urban renewal scheme for nine for slum upgrading. will programmes from • High percentage of urban cities including • Poor funding inner to outer area Ikire dwellers living in slums and • Prospects/ slums. lack of proper approach to opportunities in the slum prevention and land Structure Plan for ownership which ensures Ikire to extend slum access to land for women upgrading to other and non-Indigenes. areas. 28 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project among others. Dodo Ikire is made from plantain that’s sold ineven distantmarkets inOyo andLagosStates fried plantainsnackreferred toas is also renowned for a unique brand of peppered ofworkingsignificant proportion age residents. prominent andothersare andemployartisans very a informal sector, comprisingmainlypettytraders, Planning Area isagriculture, whilea The majoreconomicactivityof residents inthe Ikire 3.2.2

LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT ‘Dodo Ikire’ thatis Plates 12-13:DodoIkire hawkersonIfe-IbadanExpressway andapreparation centre ctivities inthe Ikire males also participate initsdistributionandmarketing. males alsoparticipate While theenterpriseisessentiallyfemaledominated, for up to two preserved months without refrigeration. centimeters high.Thisspecialdodocan be reportedly into aspecialconicallyshapedwoven basketsabout10 in palmoil.Thefriedchipsare thenstuffedcarefully with chilipepperanddeepfriedatboilingtemperature tillitsover-ripe,preserved dicedintosmallpieces,mixed Plate 11: MarketinIkire bytheOba’s Palace Though civil servants working in both State and Agriculture Federal offices also reside and work in Ikire, it is As is typical of the State of Osun where farming estimated that the formal sector contributes only about activities involving the production of cash crops and 5% to the employment status within the LGAs. Most processing of agricultural products have been the main of the workers in formal employment are engaged stay of the economy over the decades, the principal by the Local Government Service and State Minis- economic activity in Ikire Planning Area is agricul- tries, Departments and Agencies with presence in the ture and small-holder peasant farmers have continued Planning Area, such as the Ministry of Agriculture to be responsible for producing the bulk of agricul- and Natural Resources as well as Federal Government tural produce in the local government. According to Parastatals like the Nigerian Police, Fire Service and LEEDS (2004) more than 10,000 families engaged in other security organisations. The Osun State Univer- the production of crops such as maize, cassava, legumes sity, the only Tertiary Educational Institution located (cowpea and soya beans), swamp rice, yam, and vegeta- in the Planning Area is also a source of employment bles, as well as cash crops like cocoa, oil palm, kola nut, and while financial institution like Banks, a Micro citrus, teak and timber. It is estimated that up to 70.0% Finance House and Thrift Societies also employ a of the population in the Planning Area are directly or handful of people, the total contribution of the sector indirectly engaged in farming activities. to the entire work force is very minimal. Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

Plates 14 - 15: Plantain and Palm Kernels from farms in the Planning Area 29

Efforts made to develop this sector by the old Western Commerce Region Government were not sustained over time, Trading is a very prominent activity and several though attempts made by the State government to markets operate in the Ikire Planning Area. These boost agricultural production in the early 2000s with include Obada, Oba Oyegunle, Oluofirin, Olo’saoko, the distribution of tractors to support agriculture Sabo, Owode, and Total markets among other. Some practices in Ikire and other communities in Irewole of these markets operate daily while others are open LGA did not achieve much due to subsequent lack of periodically, usually every five days. Indeed, almost adequate maintenance of the tractors and equipment. all settlements around Ikire town operate rotational markets that operate every five days.

Plates 16 - 19: Markets displaying various goods in Ikire Planning Area 30 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ food market needsinLagosthrough thefollowing: basket fortheSouth West by producing 10% of the economic growth andpositionthestateasfood is mandatedtopromote agriculture reformation and prise andAgriculturalProgramme (O-REAP),which activities inthissectoristheState ofOsun Rural Enter The principal State agency responsible forcoordinating from this sawmill are suppliedtomarkets inlocations Ikire Planning Area istheOrisunbare. Timber products One ofthe mostprominent industrialestablishmentin tothefree-flowobstruction oftraffic. market their wares, raisingproblems ofsafetyand in mostcasesalsoencroach ontheroad todisplayand enon, especiallyaround existingmarkets whiletraders, Area, street tradinghasremained a prominent phenom Although there are several markets inthePlanning commercial purposes. in the Planning both Arearesidential also and serve corridors Also, mosthouseslocatedonmajortransport products, household utensilsandtextilesamongothers. shops anditemscommonlytradedare agricultural The markets are provided withopenstallsandlockup ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Creating by linking agribusiness opportunities Creating for farmers through job opportunities asprice inflation. and thevagaries of themarketshortages; place such against naturaldisasterssuchasdrought; food Ensuring thattheState isadequatelyprotected in sufficientquantityandataffordable prices Ensuring thatfoodisavailable intheState ofOsun consumption maize, cassava, cowpea, vegetables, etc.forlocal Increasing thecultivation ofarablecrops suchas massive increase inagriculturalproduction.

- - Government ofOsun. have oftheState beencultivated withthesupport production. In all, a total of 10,698 acres of farmland plant 1.3millionplantainsuckersforrefined plantain to clusters, while2000farmershave beensupported square kilometres of maize and 500 acres of vegetable empowerment of28Cooperative groups toplant17 under the Osun Broiler Outgrower Scheme (OBOPS); state includeprovision to220farmer groups ofsupport administration to boost agricultural production in the Other incentives have beengiven by thepresent of theState through improved paymentoftaxes. lead toanincrease intheinternallygeneratedrevenue oftheformalsector,As farmerswillbepart thiswillalso the agriculture sector and other agro-allied industries. increase householdincomesforindividualsengagedin upstream anddownstream institutionsseeksto support ment promoted theestablishmentofO-REAPasan agro-allied industries, the stategovernancillary In order toenhancecapacityintheagriculture and Budget ofCommerce andtheMinistry amongothers. the State level there are ofPlanning theMinistry and National Directorate forEmployment (NDE).At Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) andthe eradication inIkire Planning Area includetheNational programmes foreconomicdevelopment andpoverty agencies withresponsibility forexecuting national for promoting economicdevelopment. Some Federal and localgovernment roles agenciesthathave primary ment intheState ofOsun, comprisingFederal, state There are various agencies involved inLEDdevelop Development Institutional FrameworkonLocalEconomic Zaria, Benin, Port-Harcourt. the State toothersasdistantLagos,Ibadan, Kano, ranging from Osogbo andothersurrounding towns in farmers toconsumerandindustrialfoodmarkets for the sellingoftheirproduce

Plate 20:

SawmillIndustryinIkire - - The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) for Local Economic Development issues in Ikire Planning Area are presented in Table 3.9.

TABLE 3.9 SWOT Analysis on Local Economic Development

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT

Existence of small Large informal sector Some donor agencies Inadequate power Development of scale commercial attracting 60-80% of notably UNICEF, and supply industrial estate for establishment youth EU, are active in the Ikire planning area

Federal Government Lack of access to Government Lack of resources Redesign of markets commitment in funds and valuable commitment to especially Total Market promoting industrial information promote LED in Ikire and commercial activities

Ongoing programme Local industries located The structure plan Development of to assist the within residential areas will make provision business parks for unemployed and for establishment of small and medium SMIS and SMEs a standard industrial enterprises estate

Lack of access to Improvement in power funds and valuable supply information

Commercial centre Inadequate markets Improved environment Poor cost recovery Market improvements for foodstuffs with conducive will increase appeal to environments traders

3.2.3 Governance

in Ikire Planning Area consists of both the traditional Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire institutions and the local government authorities. Governance has been described as ‘the exercise of political authority and the use of institutional resources to Traditional Governance Framework 31 manage society’s problems and affairs (World Bank The traditional governance framework in Ikire, 1991). Similarly, governance refers to the manner in which is headed by Akire of Ikire also comprises which public officials and public institutions acquire other tradi-tional councils within Irewole and and exercise the authority to provide public goods and Isokan LGA. The Ikire Traditional Council services, including the delivery of basic services, infra- comprises High Chiefs who discharge various structure and a social investment climate (World Bank responsibilities such as settling community 2006). Generally governance emphasizes effective disputes and other issues that relate to the and accountable institutions, democratic principles development of the town. and a reliable electoral process that gives way for Other Traditional Councils existing within the adequate representation and responsible structures Planning Area arev headed by the Onikoyi of Ikoyi and of government as well as effective and efficient insti- Alapomu of Apomu land. These councils similarly tutionalization of appropriate policies, programs and consist of High Chiefs and princes in the local strategies for urban management. communities who assist the monarch in the daily administration of the town. Institutional Framework While the 1999 Constitution of the Federal republic Local Government Administration of Nigeria outlines the three-tier political adminis- According to the 1999 Nigeria Constitution, the trative structure for the country at the Federal, state Local Government Chairman and Councilors repre- and local government levels, there is no provision for a senting political wards are to be appointed through an formal framework to address the issue of urban gover- electoral process. However, the Local Government is nance. Though local governments were established to currently headed by an Executive Secretary appointed administer governance at the local government levels by the State Governor. Other political appointees who and both urban and rural local governments co-exist assist the Executive Secretary are the Deputy Executive in the country, a major lacuna is the absence of a single Secretary and the Scribe. The day-to-day administra- authority for administering towns and cities, many of tive activities of the Local Government are coordinated which have been fractured into several local govern- by Head of Local Government Administration (HLA), ment areas. However, due to the strong cultural ties who reports to the Executive Secretary. existing in the communities, the governance framework 32 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project vii. vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. as follows: Republic ofNigeria (Fourth Schedule,Section 7)are as entrenched inthe1999ConstitutionofFederal tutional responsibilities of the Local Government in most cases is a professional career officer. The consti- isheadedby aDirectorEach ofthesedepartments who ment andSanitation (WES) Works Departments. Town Planning andLandServices, Water Environ Planning and Budgeting, Primary Health Care (PHC), Agriculture, CommunityDevelopment, Finance, state. Theseare: Administration and General Purpose, as obtainable in other LGAsnine departments in the Government are organized andexecuted through Administratively, activities ofIrewole andIsokan Local and 2012 TABLE3.10EstimateofIrewoleandIsokanLGAsIncomeExpenditurefortheyears2010,2011 IREWOLE LOCALGOVERNMENT % ofIGRtoTotal Income IGR Local Government Expenditure Income ISOKAN LOCALGOVERNMENT % ofIGRtoTotal Income IGR Local Government Expenditure Income niences, sewage andrefuseniences, sewage disposal; Provision andmaintenance of publicconve houses; Naming ofroads andstreets andnumberingof parks, gardens, openspacesetc; street lightings,drainsandotherpublichighways, andmaintenanceofroads, streets,Construction parks andpublicconveniences; slaughter houses,slabs,markets, motor Establishment, maintenance and regulation of carts; canoes, wheel cally barrowspropelled trucks), and Licensing ofbicycles, (otherthanmechani trucks infirm; burial grounds andhomesforthedestituteor Establishment and maintenanceofcemeteries, Collection ofrates; 1,543,997,181:00 1,543,997,181:00 1,251,284,243:73 881,691,520:83 52,000,000:00 8,587,876:43 - - - 2010 (N 3.37 0.69 Sources Resource mobilization on several oftheirassignedresponsibilities. Governments have notbeenabletodeliver adequately However, itiswidelyacknowledged thatmostLocal xiii. xii. xi. x. ix. viii. allocations fromthefederalandstategovernments. permits building levy, permits), (hackney generated revenues on in Governments internally namely and categories, two into broadly fall :k) Provision andmaintenanceofhealthservices other thantheexploitationofmaterials Development ofagriculture andnaturalresources vocational education Provision and maintenance of primary, adult and control of saleofliquor; bakeries, laundriesandlicensing,regulation and of alldescriptions,shops,kiosks,restaurants, and hoarding, movement andkeepingofpets Control and regulation of out-door advertising of aState; as maybeprescribed by theHouse ofAssembly tenements forthepurposeoflevyingsuchrates Assessment ofprivately owned housesor Registration deathsandmarriages; ofallbirths, xenly eeae rvne. Local revenues. generated externally of revenue Source: IrewoleandIsokanLGBudget-2010,2011, 2012. 2,030,039,269:00 2,030,039,269:00 2,275,168,937:60 2,275,168,937:60 50,000,000:00 75,000,000:00 2011 (N the Planning Area depend primarily depend Area Planning the available toLocalGovernments arae eitain market registration, marriage 2.46 3.30 hog vhce ies fees license vehicle through :k) n sauoy financial statutory and 3,189,667,690:00 3,189,667,690:00 3,180,096,190:00 3,180,096,190:00 50,000,000:00 75,000,000:00 2012 (N 1.57 2.36 :k) Revenue collection by local government from residents Another notable initiative by the State Government of Ikire Planning Area cannot be described as effec- with respect to urban governance in the Planning Area tive. Local government budget estimates for the three is the youth empowerment programme Osun Youth years period (2010, 2011, and 2012) indicate that Empowerment Scheme (O-YES). The O-YES is a the proportion of local government Internal Gener- revolving two-year volunteer scheme introduced in ated Revenue (IGR) in the total income estimate in 2010 to recruit 20,000 youth volunteers across the each year was very low (Table 3.10). Indeed, there is State. The scheme recently recruited the second batch evidence that the local governments depend primarily ultimately aimed to empower 80,000 or more volun- on Statutory Allocations from the Federal and State teers in eight years. The OYES volunteers are engaged Government for the management of the city. in activities varying from public sanitation, public works, security, teaching and traffic management and Performance and Accountability will be deployed thereafter to more organized productive enterprises. The empowerment scheme, apart from The adoption of a well-articulated and inclusive vision being a deliberate programme to energize the State’s statement has been acknowledged as a vital strategy for economy, is expected to reduce youth unemploy- guiding the focus and management of cites. At present, ment, restiveness and criminal tendencies. As such, the no such document spelling out the visions of the local scheme has been commended by the World Bank for governments in the Planning Area exists. However, incorporating the work component into the traditional the local government administrations have recently western social security system. embarked on expanding the scope of their Community Development initiatives. Capacity building

For instance, a total of 161 Community Development The critical development issues relating to urban gover- Associations (CDAs) are registered by Irewole LGA. nance in the Ikire planning Area include: The Local Government Administration earmarks N3million annually as grants to the CDAs with ❚❚ Appointment of representatives at the local govern- which to embark on various community development ment level by the citizens through a democratic projects, which range from agriculture related activities electioneering process;

like palm oil production to health care and housing Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire and public projects like construction of town hall ❚❚ Training and re-training of local government staff among others. These activities have created jobs and for effective and efficient internal revenue generation boosted economic activities in the town and environs. strategies; and, 33 Each CDA receives grants ranging from N60,000 to N100,000 depending on the extent of their projects. ❚❚ Provision of policy statement articulating the vision The CDA also executes projects in partnership with of the local government international development agencies like the United Nation Children Education Fund (UNICEF). Some The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities of these are the replicated Atamara Water and Electri- and Threats (SWOT) Analysis for Urban Governance fication Projects, Molarere Palace Rehabilitation, issues in Ikire Planning Area are presented in Table Agboora Gari processing mill, completion of Town 3.11. Hall equipped with chairs and provision of desks and chairs for all primary schools at Odeyinka. 34 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project based groups. womenareopportunities, encouragedtoformissue- of the Ministry Women Affairs. To access some of these toenhancewomen’sundertaken accesstoresources at of genderequality. Various programmes are alsobeing social, traditional and cultural practices and promotion maternal health,eliminationofallformsharmful promotion of safeand responsible motherhood and Support programmes by thewomen’s agencies include the ministry. Gender Policy isconsultedasaguide toactivitiesin inthelocalgovernments.departments The National of Social Welfare hasalsoestablished Women-focused as well associalissuesinthestate.The Department coordination ofprogrammes forwomenandchildren, Women Affairsand Social Development, charged with Government of Osun established the State of Ministry To address genderissuesindevelopment, theState Ministry ofJustice. on collaborating Osun the in respect the to of obliged states treaty. All therefore 1985. are June Federation of 13th the on was it and 1984 April Nigeria 23rd the on country…” treaty the of life public in women appropriate against discrimination all “take Women Against on Convention the the under obligations Treaty 3.2.4 TABLE 3.11SWOTAnalysisonUrbanGovernance traditional rulers. cultural normsand High regards for community levels. state, localand structures at governance Existence of governance. participate in in theLGAsto Communities of Willingness STRENGTHS lmnto o al om o Discrimination of forms all of Elimination

However CEDAW has not been domesticated been not has CEDAW However GENDER u te iity f oe Afis is Affairs Women of Ministry the but h Bl fr oetcto wt the with domestication for Bill the CDW rqie onre to countries require (CEDAW) by agencies. citizens’ participation accountability and such astransparency, urban governance, of elementsgood and non-adoption Lack ofunderstanding State Ministry. over-staffing of the LGs, Zonaloffices and Inadequate staffing of Local Governments. Inadequate fundingof WEAKNESSES esrs o eliminate to measures h pltcl and political the ind the signed L.G.As level. atthe governance promote good and governance aimed atimproving new initiatives Governments’ Federal andState planning strategies. through participatory access toland Scope forimproving OPPORTUNITIES ratified Iyalode. are the forwomen chieftaincytitlesreserved Other honorary women onlyinIkire asobtainsinthe Yoruba culture. men. However, there isthe cantly lower numerical strength in the council than the decision makingprocesses, thoughtheyare ofsignifi town unions. Women therefore inthe alsoparticipate including thelevel ofthe different levels ofgovernance withintheir communities Women inIkire Planning Area are represented at Gender andGovernance central nature ofthecriminaladministrationsystem. women maysometimesbecompromised duetothe as effectiveness inhandlingcasesofviolenceagainst when reported, thecasesare nothandled withdispatch violence againstwomenisnotusuallyreported and ofJusticethe Ministry to push thebill. Domestic of the Ministry Women Affairsiscollaboratingwith forms ofviolenceagainstwomenhasbeendraftedand ipation inpubliclife.ABill ontheprotection ofall than culture per se places a barrier on women’s- partic revealed thattheapplicationofculturalbeliefsrather Interaction withtraditionalauthoritieshowever for genderissues. have focalpersons ment Councils.Thesedepartments Education andSocial Welfare of theLocalGovern- addressed by of staffofthe Departments Health, At theLocalgovernment level, genderissuesare .levels. Municipal andLGA atthe for governance policy frameworks institutional and Absence ofeffective evaluation. monitoring and resource mobilization, allocation and planning, budgetary poor participatory Lack offundsand LGs. the performanceof levels, thereby limiting Federal andState resources atthe of power, roles and Over centralization THREATS Iyaloja (head ofthemarket women)and Oba Iyalode for lineagereserved adoption ofvalues. programme andpromote Implement sensitization and budgeting. participatory planning Establish andpromote government level. government at themunicipal/local especially governance and institutionsforurban and landusestandards planning laws,policies Enact enablingState PRIORITY PROJECT inCouncilandthe Otun - TABLE 3.12 Male/Female Enrolment in Public Primary Schools in Ikire Planning Area

2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 LGA Male (%) Female (%) Male (%) Female (%) Male (%) Female (%)

Irewole 5,798 (50.3) 5,725 (49.7) 13,442 (50.2) 13,344 (49.8) 7,324 (50.8) 7,093 (49.2)

Isokan 8,601 (49.6) 8,748 (50.4) 16,162 (49.8) 16,311 (50.2) 8,091 (50.2) 8,037 (49.8)

Total 14,399 (49.9) 14,473 (50.1) 29,604 (49.9) 29,655 (50.1) 15,415 (50.5) 15,130 (49.5)

Source: State Universal Basic Education Board

At the local government level in Irewole and Isokan, Records show that it was only during the 2012/2013 there is no woman among the political appointees session in Irewole and Isokan LGAs, that male enrol- under the present dispensation though in the recent ment was higher than for females. This implies that the past women have been elected as councilors in the girl child in Irewole and Isokan has adequate access local government. At the state level, however, women to education, though the situation is unique to the are more widely involved in governance and six of the primary education level. At the city level, however, 20 members of the State Executive Council are women statistics indicate that in most cases female children while five each among the 14 Special Advisers to the do not go far beyond the primary school level. This Governor and the 32 Permanent Secretaries in the state is because in many cases, female children become are women. However, only one of the 31 Local Govern- pregnant and drop out of school to give birth and take ment Executive Secretaries in the state is a woman and care of children. there is only one female among the members representing the State in the House of Representative. Also, Gender and Health there is no female among the 26 members of the State Responsibility for basic primary and secondary health House of Assembly and none of the three Senators facilities lie concurrently with the State and Local

representing the State is female. Governments. At the different community levels in Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire Ikire, Ikoyi and Apomu, a survey suggests that minimal Gender and Education attention is placed on the health of children and In the Planning Area, both males and females have women. The state hospital project has been abandoned 35 access to education. The pupil enrollment in public and overgrown with weeds. While some residents have primary schools for the 2009/2010, 2010/2011 and access to private hospitals, many others consult tradi- 2012/2013 academic sessions indicate that girl-child tional health care providers. enrollment was higher than for males (Table 3.12).

TABLE 3.13 Male/Female Enrolment in Public Secondary Schools in Ikire Planning Area

2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 LGA Male (%) Female (%) Male (%) Female (%) Male (%) Female (%)

Irewole 245 (73.1) 90 (26.9) 4,999 (50.4) 4,921 (49.6) 4,621 (52.8) 4,133 (47.2)

Isokan 117 (63.6) 67 (36.4) 3,278 (48.5) 3,480 (51.5) 3,981 (53.4) 3,470 (46.6)

Total 362(69.7) 157 (30.3) 8,277 (49.3) 8,401 (50.7) 8,602 (53.1) 7,603 (46.9)

Source: State Ministry of Education

Gender and Agriculture Gender and Access to Land Women in Ikire planning Area are deeply involved Women in Ikire Planning Area, like the men, are in processing of agricultural products, such as palm allowed to inherit land from their parents or husbands. produce and cassava (garri) as well as Dodo Ikire. As in many other Yoruba towns, a woman who is finan- Although these activities are usually at the small scale cially independent are able to purchase land which they level, most of the operations are carried out manually. can develop for various purposes. 36 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project outreach programmes. pursuing post-graduatedegrees and otherrelated and itsenvirons, manyofwhomare inacademic set-up dance. Indeed, womenleadersare emergingfrom Ikire is nodiscriminationagainstwomeninschoolatten cleaning ofdrainage,watersupplyandothers.There and disposal, human biological waste management, mental sanitationactivitiesofwastecollection,storage Women are alsoactively involved intheenviron activities. intheinformalsectorandtheirdomestic participation women contributeimmenselytotheeconomythrough the advancement ofwomen.Despite theseconstraints, capacity and poor access to social amenities constrain Factors suchassources offundingforprojects, low of state Ministry Women Affairs low. still remains very ness onissuesofgender, especiallythepoliciesat Governments however, thelevel ofwomen’s aware- inpolitics.At Irewoleparticipation andIsokan Local mainstreaming, equityandequality, aswell aswomen Gender Policy toplacepriorityfocusongender isalsoworking inlinewiththe The ministry National ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ are, to: ministry women. Thefourdevelopment actionpillarsofthe include the provision of equipment and soft loans to capacity trainingandbuildingseminars.Others powerment ofwomenthrough advocacy, workshops, number ofpoliciesandstrategiestofightthenon-em forThe Ministry Women Affairshasdeveloped a Empowerment ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Promote peace and harmony in homes and societies. Promote economicgrowth by empowering women children Create asocietyfree from abuseagainstwomenand Promote childwelfare anddevelopment

- - - Plate 21: ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Gender PriorityIssues Planning Area ispresented in Table 3.14. ties and Threats (SWOT) on Gender Issues in Ikire Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportuni ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ government level thatare accessibletothepeople. Establishment ofskillacquisitioncentres atlocal children andeffective implementation. Enactment ofprotective lawsforwomenand maternity andchildhealthcare. withspecialemphasison health workers) anddrugs the areas ofpersonnel(nurses,doctorsandother Provision ofadequatehealthfacilitiesespeciallyin programmes ingenderanddevelopment. Promotion ofeducationalandenlightenment ment, improved seedlingsandchemicals. trade through theprovision ofcredit facilities,equip Increasing incentives forwomeninAgriculture and the establishmentofaspecialfundforthispurpose. female-headed householdswhoare joblessthrough Provision ofSocial Security forneedywidows and Provision ofaccessiblepotablewatertoall. Women engagedinGarriProcessing andsaleofpalmoil - - TABLE 3.14 SWOT Analysis on Gender

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT

Existence of • Undue adherence to • Building on the • Resistance to • Adoption of pro- international laws cultural norms which inclusive approach change and poor approach to and commitments limit the effectiveness adopted for Osun continued land tenure (CEDAW) and National of women in SEEDS adherence Policy on Gender and development to harmful Development traditional practices

Existence of State • Lack of access to land • Lack of funds • Promote gender and Local agencies and finance for women to implement budgeting for promoting gender projects and issues programmes

Adoption of State • Non-inclusive approach • Continuing • Capacity building of Osun poverty to land use planning adherence to reduction strategy and and budgeting male dominated promotion of gender culture, tradition in development and religion

Existence of educated • Gender imbalance • HIV/AIDS stigma • Resource women, women tilting towards women and related mobilization for groups, community, in education and in negative attitude projects NGOS and CBOs governance contributing to • Promote ‘girl development • High child and maternal child’ education mortality rates • Promote equitable • Non-existence of distribution of gender disaggregated education, health data and communal facilities to ensure • Lack of equitable easy access for distribution of women and the available and children to these Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire inadequate basic facilities services which inhibit easy access of women 37 and children to school, water supply and health facilities.

3.2.5 HERITAGE

Heritage sites in the State are not often adequately In Ikire Planning Area as is typical in all Yoruba cities, acknowledged as valuable resources in most cities, due the Palace of the Akire, Alapomu and Onikoyi are to a general failure to recognise cities as not simply prominent heritage legacy in the area. Also of note places where people live and work, but as legacies that are the Osun festival, Molete – Osa Akire and Odokuje are visual expressions and symbols of culture, history and tourist attraction sites like Apata Atamora (Bird and tradition. Consequently, the cultural wealth of Viewing Centre) cave in Wasimi Ajagajigi Mountain, cities, especially in developing countries, is frequently Ikoyi and the sixteen headed palm trees in Ikire ignored, neglected or destroyed and historic architec- Township, both in their natural state. Both human tural artefacts are often allowed to deteriorate beyond and financial resources should be mobilized to prevent repair. Meanwhile, these elements are resources with structural decay of the shrine and other heritage sites in deep intrinsic value for the city as a whole, the popula- the Planning Area. tion at large and for the well-being and sustainability of the entire community. 38 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project and pollution emanating from poor waste manage of Ikire andits environs includesoilerosion, flooding The majorenvironmental problems faced by residents 3.2.6 Area ispresented in Table 3.15. and Threats (SWOT) Heritage Issues in Ikire Planning Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities

ENVIRONMENT Plates 21-26: - ApataAtamoraandotherHeritagesitesinIkire PlanningArea premises amongothers. Thursday. This exercise covers themarket places,bank tors between thehoursof7:00amand 10:00amon exercise by commercial andbusinesspremises opera weekly environmental sanitation is thecompulsory the hoursof7:00amand10:00am.Similarly, there exercise onthelastSaturday monthbetween ofevery State enforces amonthlyenvironmental sanitation ment, especiallyinthetraditionalresidential area. The - TABLE 3.15 SWOT ANALYSIS Heritage and Historic Sites

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECTS

Existence of Poor development High potential for Effect of Rehabilitation and government policy on and maintenance of developing tourism modernization on conservation of heritage culture and heritage heritage sites culture sites include landscape improvement

Existence of heritage Lack of resources Promote the heritage resources such as sites for tourism places of historic and cultural interests and shrines etc in Ikire

Community committed Improve Capacity building to preservation of and ensure Resource cultural events mobilization

Flooding Government is however embarking on the construc- Residents living in close proximity to water bodies tion of drainage channels in the Planning Area to are prone to annual flooding. Due to the inadequate minimize the effect of flooding (Plates 27-30). drainage system, storm water run-off also poses a danger to residents in all parts of the city. The State Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

Plates 27 - 28: Poor environmental situation in Ikire town

Plates 29 - 30: Blocked Drainage and new channel under construction in Ikire

It is noted that problems drainage and flooding Environmental Pollution problems in the Planning Area are linked with issues Air quality in the city is generally good except in areas associated with ineffective solid waste management. close to designated open waste dumps which experience Effective waste collection and disposal will reduce the foul odour emanating from the sites. Designated open amount of waste thrown into drainage channels and waste dumps are common in the traditional residential significantly reduce the incidents of flooding. areas of the city. Air pollution is also felt to some degree in the sub-urban residential areas where open dumps 40 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project environmental pollutionanddangerous topublic serious on open waste dump sites leading to a very water. Majority ofresidents inthecore stilldefecate for soilpollutionandcontaminationofunderground pit latrinesthatare notlined,therefore givingroom core residential area however, housesstillutilize afew zone hasitsseptic tank andsoakaway pit. In theurban with water closettoilet systems. Each building in this towns within Irewole and Isokan LGAs are provided Most ofthehousesinsub-urbanresidential area of Management ofHumanBiologicalWaste landfills. sites forestablishmentofsanitary Isokan LGAs andnoevidenceofformallyacquired ible systemofsolid waste management in Irewole and and unsightlyscenes.In general,there isnodiscern often collected,thereby constitutinghealthhazards weekly cleaningexercises inmarket placesare not during themonthlyenvironmental sanitationand or whenitisabouttorain.Besides, wastesgenerated burning anddumpinginsidedrainsduringtherains methods ofwastedisposalinclude open dumps, vectors. The popular rodents and other disease carrying tion. Waste dumpsare alsomajorsitesforbreeding financial resources toeffectively address thesitua- management, bothlackthetechnicalcapacityand governments, whichhave theresponsibility forwaste poorly executed in the Planning Area. The two local anddisposalofwasteproducts is tion, transportation Solid waste management, involving storage, collec- Solid Waste Management of otherproducts. worship aswell asfrom musicvendors andadvertisers by mosques and churches to call their adherents to occurs onaccountofexternalloudspeakersmounted the exception ofmarket days.Lightnoisepollution experiences light movement ofvehicles daily, with widespread inIkirebuses isnotvery asthecityusually Pollution from exhaustpipeofheavyvehicles and content ofpolythenematerialsiscommon. high practice ofburningheapsrefuse withvery the drainsalsocauseslandandairpollutionwhile are locatedindiscriminately. Dumping ofwastesinside - f ad, hscl lnig and Environmental ProtectionAgencyandO-CLEAN. Planning Development Physical Development, Lands, of level its level federal and Environment of Ministry the at begins local fall unfortunately, at developed frameworks these departments atthelocalgovernmentthese departments level. essence, there are overlaps in the oversight functions of for functionsrelated toissuesoftheenvironment. In Land Matters aswell asHealth withresponsibility ments of Water andSanitation, Town Planning and Similarly, at the local government there are Depart to oversee theenvironmental issuesinothercities. territory. Hence, theseinstitutionsdonothave power of operationdonotextendbeyond thestatecapital At thestatelevel, there are institutionswhosearea environmental managementwillbeencouraged. limitations, greater involvement oftheprivate sectorin oftechnicalmanpowergross shortage andlogistics mental protection. In allcases,inorder toaddress the the various agencieswithresponsibility forenviron There istherefore aneedfor role clarificationamong environmental issuesare generallyuncoordinated. in managementoftheenvironment, responses to With several agencieshavingdifferent roles toplay mostly framework policies, legislative The and Institutional features ofthetown. inseveral otherparts absence ofadequatedrainagehasprecipitated erosion and onHigh Road Court amongotherswhilethe around the State Hospital, Muslim Grammar School Soil erosion hasbeenoccurring progressively inareas Soil erosion andenvironmental degradation Irewole andIsokan LGAs. health. There systeminplace isnocentralsewage parastatals Plates 31-32: government level government nld te iity f Housing, of Ministry the include felt. felt. o evrnetl rtcin r well are protection environmental for Regulation while h fdrl n sae ees but levels, state and federal the the Typical DumpSitesinIkire PlanningArea uhrt, sn State Osun Authority, legislative short Osun relevant where negative impacts are impacts negative where of environmental activities environmental of f xettos t the at expectations of State agencies at the state the at agencies and ih h Federal the with Capital n institutional and Sanitation Ministry Territory Urban

and - -

At the local government level, which has constitutional mance and acquisition of equipment for effective responsibility for solid waste management, the Depart- solid waste management; ment of Water and Sanitation is saddled with task of solid managing waste generated in the city. However, ❚❚ Engagement by the Local Government with private due to limitations in respect of the caliber of avail- sector participation in solid waste collection at the able staff (academic and professional qualifications household level and recovery the stipulated costs and experience) and inadequate equipment, effective from waste generators; management of waste is not achieved. Also, because solid waste management is considered a social service, ❚❚ Local Government is to plan and design an integrated no amount of money is recovered from service charges. solid waste management system to cover Irewole and Isokan LGAs; Other actions by the state government with respect to environmental management that are currently being ❚❚ Re-introduction of sanitary/environmental inspec- executed in Irewole and Isokan LGA include: tors by the Local Government;

❚❚ Channelization of major streams/rivers to prevent ❚❚ Enactment and enforcement of appropriate environ- flood and the attendant loss of lives and property; mental sanitation laws;

❚❚ Construction of 10 kilometres length of road with ❚❚ Establishment of Voluntary Community Action adequate drains to reduce flooding of the urban Teams (VCAT) to act as environmental watch dog in environment; every neighbourhood in Irewole and Isokan LGAs;

❚❚ State wide monthly environmental sanitation ❚❚ Enforcement of Environmental Impact Assessment exercise on the last Saturday of every month between (EIA) and Town Planning Regulations; the hours of 7:00am and 9:00am. Similarly, there is the compulsory weekly environmental sanitation ❚❚ Involvement of communities and civil society exercise by commercial and business premises opera- organizations in waste management. tors between the hours of 7:00am and 10:00am.

This exercise covers the market places, bank premises The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire among others. and Threats (SWOT) of environmental issues in Ikire Planning Area are presented in Table 3.16. Environment Priority Issues 41 ❚❚ Embarking on environmental education and enlightenment programme for residents of Irewole and Isokan LGAs to correct poor environmental management habits;

❚❚ Upgrading capacity of the Department of Water and Environmental Sanitation for improved perfor- 42 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Ikire town. It was established that water taps in the of theAsejire Dam owned by Oyo State adjacentto has remained withoutwatersupplydespitethelocation Area hasbeendescribedaspathetic,given thatthe town water supplyanddistributionsituationinthePlanning State Water Corporation(Asejire Dam). Theexisting Water supplytoIkire Planning Area isfrom theOyo Water Supply EU, World Bank andADB. with donor agencies such as UN Habitat,partnerships collaboration withtheprivate sectorandfostering toward provision through ofbasicurbanservices The efforts State of Osun isalsomakingconcerted and theNigerian Railways. others. There alsonationalagencieslikethe PHCN Sanitation andtheState Water Corporationamong Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, Ministries ofHealth, Education, Works and Transport, ping Functions. The agencies/ministries/Parastatals are urban dwellers, thoughsomeofthemhave over-lap- and of providing tobothrural basicsocialservices ministries/Parastatals chargedwiththeresponsibility The stategovernment of Osun hasseveral agencies/ Institutional framework 3.2.7 TABLE 3.16SWOTAnalysisonEnvironment ecological funds projects through environmental funding for provides government Federal planning and landuse for environment state agencies Existence of STRENGTH

BASIC URBANSER • • • • • • • • • WEAKNESSES environmental issues Low publicawareness of Lack ofequipment environmental issues Poor fundingof sector community andprivate partnership between Poor promotion of staff Inadequate andunqualified environment Poor urbanandsterile Environmental pollution disposal dump sitesforsolidwaste non-provision ofapproved liquid wastescoupledwith Poor disposalofsolidand L.G.A various departmentsinthe and LGAswithinthe betweenstate governments, between FederalandState working arrangements Uncoordinated institutional VICES OPPORTUNITIES • projects environmental implement develop and resources to fund anddonor Utilize ecological over thesameperiod. pupils were registered in public schools in Isokan LGA academic sessions,only17,349;32,473and16,128 during the2009/2010,2010/2011and2012/2013 pupils were registered inpublicschoolsIrewole LGA LGA. While atotalof11,523,26,786and 14,417 schools in Isokanprimary LGA and 66 in Irewole is locatedatIkire, whiletodatethere are 62public institutions.The Osun and tertiary State University schools schools,secondary schools,primary nursery in Ikire Planning Area, to rangingfrom kindergartens All levels ofNigerian educationalfacilitiesare available Educational Facilities bottled water. of potablewaterforresidents are packagedsachetand are locatedoutsidetheneighborhood.Others sources within thecompoundorneighborhood,whilesome domestic use. Most of such watersources are located rainwater,harvested streams and rivers for their depended largely ondomesticwells, drilled borehole, dispute between thetwostatesandresidents have Planning Area becauseofapayment have remained dry • • THREATS • • resources Lack of disaster environmental managing plan for preparedness Lack of projects environmental resources for inadequate Lack of/ level Government at theLocal Lack ofcapacity • • • • • PRIORITY PROJECT • Habitat Agenda LEEDS, MDGsand goals ofSEEDS, Plan toachievethe Focusing theStructure for projects Resource mobilization management environmental for effective Build theCapacity Ikire anditsenvirons. management planfor Implement solidwaste improvement urban landscape implement Develop and governance environmental forum forimproved Establish localurban Plate 33: Public Water Tap within Ikire Planning Area

Health Facilities Resource mobilization for BUS Health facilities available in Ikire include primary The Local government authorities rely largely on the health care, community health and maternity centers following sources of funds to execute their major as well as a General Hospital. These facilities are both functions including the provision of basic urban

privately and government ownd. Other health individ- services: Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire uals who operate include dispensaries, trado-medical services, patent medicine stores and chemists. ❚❚ Internally generated revenue 43 A major challenge concerning provision of health ❚❚ Monthly federal allocation care services in the Planning Area has been shortage of staff/medical personnel, which has limited access ❚❚ Grants, donations and loans from development by the public to medical services. For instance, there partners and private entities, is no Specialist Hospital and the only General Hospital located within the Planning Area has However, the capacity of the local government author- remained comatose. However, a health centre ities to generate funds is considered generally weak and originally established as a maternity centre has needs is to be addressed to enable the local governments been upgraded to serve as the General Hospital mobilize adequate funds to execute urban projects. within the Planning Area, though its size is inadequate for the catchment population of Capacity building Ikire and environs. Some of the major capacity building issues regarding the delivery, operation and maintenance of Basic Power and Energy Urban Services are: Electricity supply to the Planning Area is fed by Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC) ❚❚ Low capacity and absence of training for profes- from Ile-Ife via a 33KV transmission network. sional staff in Basic Urban Services sector This is further stepped down to 11kv at the 33/11kvsubstation. The local distribution from the ❚❚ Limited understanding among legislators and other substation is by overhead cables of 11/0.415KV decision making bodies at the state and local govern- cabins located in relation to population densities. ment level on provision of urban services The various communities in the Planning Area are thereafter fed from feeder pillars. In view of the ❚❚ Lack of appropriate support and infrastructure across inadequacy of supply from the source however, the agencies involved in the basic urban services electricity to the town is rationed on alternate days. sectors. 44 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.17SWOTAnalysisBasicUrbanServices ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Major priorities ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ services health andsanitation provision ofschool, and privatesectorin community, NGOs involvement of Existence oflimited electricity sanitation, roads and health, water, provision ofschool, Agencies existfor STRENGTH Undertaking acomprehensive healthsectorreform management system Establishing anintegratedandefficientsolidwaste Widening ofnarrow roads intheurbancore and itsenvirons Provision of intra-urban mass transit system in Ikire Ikire Planning Area Provision ofregular electricitysupplyinmostareas Planning Area Provision ofpotablewaterinmostareas ofIkire network and poordistribution Epileptic powersupply Isokan L.G.As facilities inIrewole and of schoolsandhealth and skeweddistribution Inadequate provision for of infrastructuralfacilities Poor maintenanceculture WEAKNESSES Plate 34:Derelict Ikire GeneralHospitalcomplexonIfe-IbadanExpressway health andsanitation the provision ofwater, private partnershipin Promotion ofpublic- services provision ofbasic imbalance inthe opportunity tocorrect provide anenormous The structure planwill OPPORTUNITIES 3.17. is presentedprofiling in of urban basic services Table ties and Threats (SWOT) of data collected from the The analysis of Strengths, - Weaknesses, Opportuni ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ties. Provision ofpubliccemeteriesinmajorcommuni Embarking onthedevelopment ofstandard libraries private school Provision ofmore qualifiedteachersinpublicand for thepeopleofIkire anditsenvirons service for effective, efficientandqualitative health will Lack ofpolitical change Resistance to THREATS • • • PRIORITY PROJECT infrastructure inIkire and provide new electricity facilities upgrade old Rehabilitate and facilities water andsanitation school, health, Rehabilitate existing facilities water andsanitation schools, health, Construct new - 3.2.8 TRANSPORTATION

Due to the development pattern of the Planning There is no formally designated site for loading and area over the years, transportation has constituted a off-loading of interstate passengers or for goods and central issues as the Planning Area is bisected by the services. Similarly, there is no government-owned high-capacity Ife-Ibadan Expressway. The role of the public transport services stationed in the town and thus highway as a major stop-over point for transit vehicles travelers in Ikire rely solely on private transporters. The and the marketing of Dodo Ikire and other refresh- major mode of intra-urban transportation is the use of ments also impacts significantly on the local economy. privately owned vehicles and the commercial motorcycles often referred to as “Okada”.

FIGURE 3.2 Major roads in Ikire Planning area Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire

Internally, the road system has undergone decay over Onimaalu - Iyana Malarere Road and Moro the years, however, under an on-going O’ Renewal Junction - Ako Junction Road among others. Other scheme initiated by the Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola roads that have been fully rehabilitated include Naira administration, all roads within a one-kilometre radius and Kobo - Itamerin Apomu Road, Ita-Merin - Akire of Ikire city centre are being rehabilitated, along with Palace– - Oke Ada C. H.S Road , Obada Market - Idi several other roads in the town which. These include: Ada Road, Iyana Egba - Sabo [Court Area] Road, Ori-Eru – Quarry Road, Oke Awo Road, Moringbere - Iso Arobo – Molak Road and Oke-Ada – Islamiyah Oke- Awo Road, Moosa junction – Oleyo Road, Iyana Road among others.

Plates 35 - 36: Poor condition of some roads in Ikire Planning Area 46 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project a total of 15 road entry andexitpointsintoIkirea totalof15road along entry settlements intheArea. In Ikire forinstance,there are security in the Planning Area is the form of the major are relatively secure. However, amajorchallengeto The lives of andproperties residents in Ikire environs Institutional set-up land fraudanddrug-related offenses. Others are cheating,receiving aswell stolenproperty as robbery, theftsand otherformsofstealingandburglary. ganism, attemptedmurder, rape,kidnapping,armed The mostcommonamongthesecrimesare hooli TABLE 3.19CategoriesofcrimescommittedintheStateOsun guaranteed. mised andthesafetyoflives wasnot andproperties safer thaninprevious years whensecuritywascompro- andpeoplenowfor SARSsecuritysurveillance feel Recently, thestategovernment purchased ahelicopter to monitorthesecuritysituationinstate. for patrol by the Special Squad Anti-Robbery (SARS) ment haspurchased more than150securityvehicles growth, development andprogress. The State Govern Adequate securityengenderspeaceandconsequently 3.2.9 TABLE 3.18SWOTAnalysisTransportation motorcycles inIkire. there isneedfortrainingoperatorsofcommercial infrastructureavailable andequipment while transport However, improvements are required inthequalityof services upgrade basic commitment to government Recent STRENGTH C B A CATEGORY

and orB Other offenses notinA properties Offences against persons Offences against URBAN SAFETY maintenance standards andpoor and construction inadequate design Poor road networks, WEAKNESSES Bribery andCorruptionEscapingfrom lawfulcustody. Forgery ofcurrency notes,Coiningoffence, Gambling,Breach ofpublicpeace,Perjury, Unlawful possessionandArson breaking, obtainingbyfalsepretense, Cheating, Forgery, Receivingstolenproperty, Armed robbery, Demandingwithmenace,Theftsandotherstealing,Burglary, Store and Unnaturaloffences. wounding, Assault,Childstealing,Slavedealing,Rapeandindecentassault,Kidnapping Murder, Manslaughter, Attemptedmurder, Suicide,Attemptedsuicide,Grievousharmand DESCRIPTION system Existing road network OPPORTUNITIES - - Defence CorpsandState Security (SSS). Service the Nigeria Police, The Nigerian Security andCivil to complementtheiroperationsaswell asthoseof government, whichspendsabout vigilante groups are financedandequipped by thelocal between concernedcitizens andthepolice,while tives. Thevigilantegroups operateasacollaboration Civil defense,thevigilantegroups andthelocalinitia is classifiedintothree broad groups: the Police and exist aformidablesecuritystructure forthearea. This the Ife-Ibadan Expressway. Notwithstanding, there three broad groups. committed inthePlanning Area alsocutacross these not inGroup AandorGroup B(Table 3.19).Crimes and,otheroffenses persons; offensesagainstproperty; types (Badiora 2012).Thesecompriseoffencesagainst have been generallycategorized intothree broad Crimes generally committed in the State of Osun huge fueldumpbutithasnow beenabandoned. operate functionally, including a giant generator and a centrestate. The state ofthe art wasfully equipped to (NCC) establishedanEmergency CallCentre inthe In 2009, the Nigeria Communications Commission Table 3.18. issuesispresentedprofiling ofkeytransportation in ties and Threats (SWOT) of data collected from the The analysis of Strengths, - Weaknesses, Opportuni Lack ofresources THREATS • • PRIORITY PROJECT ensure regular maintenance roads tohighstandards and Design andconstructnew roads Redesign andrehabilitate old N Source: Badiora(2012) 250,000 monthly - Among the various security challenges facing residents The Local Emergency Management Committee of Ikire and environs is the challenge inadequate comprises the Departments of Social Development, personnel. There is only one police station in each of Works, Environment, Health, Red Cross, Federal the major towns of the Planning Area, notably Ikire, Road Safety Commission (FRSC), Nigerian Security Apomu and Ikoyi. There is also inadequate supply of and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) among others. The the major equipment required in order to carry out committee operates under the leadership of the Local their functions, such as patrol vehicles, computers, Government Chairman or the Deputy Chairman by holding cells and distress call phone lines among others. delegated authority. About N5 million is received annually by the Committee from Local Government 3.2.10 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION budgetary allocations and other special funds for major relief interventions across the communities of the The State of Osun has a vibrant State Emergency LGAs. Management Agency (SEMA) headed by a General Manager with a mandate to embark on emergency In order to appropriately address the adverse impacts prevention, mitigation, building preparedness and of both natural and human induced disasters and embarking on relief response in collaboration with promote the resilience of urban areas in the State, other relevant stakeholders. Other major stakeholders including Ikire and environs, against disasters, a include government ministries, departments and project involving the dredging of streams, rivers and agencies, non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), canals across the state has been carried out in response Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Faith Based to early warning signals issued by the Nigerian Meteo- Organizations (FBOs) and organized private sector rological Agency (NIMET). Hence, during the operators. The day-to-day activity of SEMA is coordi- extensive rainfall in the year 2012, the State of Osun nated by the office of the State Deputy Governor. was one of the few flood-free states across the country and several lives and properties were saved through Osun SEMA was established through a state legisla- this proactive step. Other disaster prevention tive bill. The agency receives budgetary allocation to activities embarked upon by the State Government embark on human and material capacity building as are implementation of tree-planting exercises as well as well as emergency intervention during flooding, wind public awareness programmes through the mass media

storms, fire and other devastating incidences across (radio and television jingles), community development Chapter 3: Development Issues in Planning Area Ikire the 30 LGAs of the state. Similarly, a complementary associations and traditional institutions among others. Local Emergency Management Committee (LEMC) to address local emergency issues has been established However, LGAs within the Planning Area are yet to 47 in the two LGAs within the Planning Area. The local effectively address disaster risk management issues as committee also receives relief materials and support required, with respect to such aspects as development from the National Emergency Management Agency of community participatory emergency/preparedness (NEMA) at the Federal level. Such relief materials and plan for the LGAs and communities; awareness raising support are usually received after due assessment of the hazard risks and preventive mechanisms, while the prevailing situation after emergencies like flooding and LGA committee does not meet regularly due to lack of wind storms. funding to meet logistics needs of members. 48 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 04 Chapter 4: Urban Forms and Alternative Growth PatternsChapter 4: Urban Forms and Alternative for Growth Planning Area Ikire

49 URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA 50 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project confusion and unnecessary travel demand. confusion andunnecessary land useplanningontheotherhandbringschaosand day toactivitiesinthatcity. Lackofadequate efficiency, intermsof outof movement andcarrying is properly integratedwithlanduse.Thisbringsabout by the community. In addition public transportation are locatedwhereservices theycanbeeasilyaccessed as markets andretail shops,schoolsandother social vein, usesthatrequire great accesstofunctionsuch while incompatibleusesare separated.In thesame land uses are groupedand complementary together settlement. With adequateplanning,compatible determine issuesofefficiencyandfunctioninthat agencies. Thewaythelandusesare arrangedwill based ondecisionsofindividuals,organisationsand Functional landuse considerations in any city are local, regional, nationaloreven global. turing anddistributionwhoselinkagesmaybe Yet othersare productive activitiesrelating tomanufac andleisure),sports orspecialneedssuchashealthcare. are institutionalandirregular, shapedby lifestyle(e.g. predictable, such ascommuting and shopping. Others activities, becausetheyoccurregularly andare thus a spatialimprint.Some landuseformsare routine locations and are ofactivitysystems which have part and distribution.Thesefunctionstakeplaceatspecific tude offunctions,suchasproduction, consumption economic, socialorculturalactivitiesimplyamulti eral areas have lower levels ofaccumulation.Most corresponding land uses, such as retail, while periph areas have ahighlevel ofspatialaccumulationand relates toarea oflandbuilt.For instance,central 2009). Theformer relates tolocation,whilethelatter and concentrationofthevarious landuses(Rodrigue, of spatialaccumulation,which indicates the intensity where activitiesare takingplace.Thesecondisthe First isthe Essentially, urbanformisafunctionoftwoelements. PLANNING URBAN FORMSANDLANDUSE 4.1 nature oflanduse,whichrelates toplaces level - - - commute reducing while locations, utilities transit providing signifi-cantly strategy this land, In fields. green distant land, such develop Cities purpose. that land have or within avoid time, same the at place and development urban for agricultural land good taking in succeed only will periphery. city the would by case a on best redevelopment the city inner presents for programme opportunity This centre. city “O the radius kilometre comprehensive one covering Programme”, from benefitting arable land millionsofsquaretime andpreserve kilometres of conditions over tripdistances,save travel time,shorten community facilities.Thiswillensure bettertransit public spaces,schools,hospitals,placesofworshipand A higherdensityallows more peopletolive closerto road, electricity, telephone,waterandseweragesystems. costofphysicalinfrastructure suchas the construction lines.This reduces by thesame lengthofpublicservice the layout willbe,becausemore peoplewillbeserved area.certain Thehigherthedensity, themore efficient by urbanizationina or lessnumbersofpeopleserved its density. Density inanurbancontextmeansmore about is to use land more intensely, increase otherwise future generationsinevitable.One waytobringthis use of land resources for the benefit of present and reducing over time.Thismakesplanningandefficient daily. Thismeanstheamountoflandperheadis settlement isfixed. However, populationisgrowing The amountoflandavailable toanycountry, cityor Density 4.1.1 2 1 in sprawling,extensive cities to grow. Allowing developments new to grow Cities authorities have choices on how they want their Compactness ture percapitaonurbaninfrastructure. development ofhigherdensitiestominimize expendi-

ae ai. s uh s osbe development possible as much As basis. case Ibid UN-HABIT burden on transportation. City planners can planners City transportation. on burden

be consolidated in existing developed parts of parts developed existing in consolidated be hs y oaig opc nw sub-centres new compact locating by this before opening other new areas in the urban the in areas new other opening before 2 Settlements The CaseforMor Mn cte i the in cities Many . 1 AT (2012)PlanningUrbanSettlementsinSouthSudan . The Master planstrongly encouragesthe daet o xsig iis Ms cities Most cities. existing to adjacent is no longer needed for its original its for needed longer no is ed o is cet icnie to incentives create first to need eoe rvn dvlpet to development driving before and low addition to protecting arable protecting to addition and other services to new to services other and ot eiet’ daily residents’ most e Compact decreases the cost of cost the decreases density development tt o Ou are Osun of State Renewal from FIGURE 4.1 Illustration of the Diverse City concept and the Compact City concept

4.1.2 URBAN FORMS Form 2: The Polycentric Model In the polycentric model there is no dominant city Form 1: Monocentric Model centre. There are sub-centres, Jobs and amenities This model proposes a strong high density city centre distributed in a near uniform manner across the built with concentration of commercial activities, jobs and up area. There is therefore no organized pattern of

amenities. This will demand daily movement of people movement. There is andomr movement of people PatternsChapter 4: Urban Forms and Alternative for Growth Planning Area Ikire from the periphery to the centre. Most Yoruba cities across the urban area. This model happens demonstrate this urban form, with all streets radiating when some villages close to each other, especially from the Oba’s palace and with markets and commer- located on a major highway, merge together but 51 cial activities in front of the palace. This model will each has its distinct authority and identity. This require adjustments since most of the streets leading model is not efficient and is not recommended. to the city centre are not wide enough to efficiently handle the traffic and transportation demands. There FIGURE 4.3 Polycentric Model is also the need to provide employment closer to where the people live to reduce unnecessary travels, pollution and traffic congestion.

FIGURE 4.2 Monocentric Model

Form 3: The Composite Model This model has a dominant centre and multiple sub-centres. These sub centres would be self-supporting with employment opportunities. There will be organised and movement of people across the urban area. This option would result in the sub centres supporting the existing Central Business District and the growth of multiple activity areas. It would also encourage employment in areas presently deficient in job opportunities and achieve a balanced growth of the city. 52 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project h Oas aae Rte, hr ae handful a polycentric model. are there Rather, markets palace. Oba’s the of front in Oba” “Oja has as to referred Ikire market Central towns, Yoruba other unlike addition, conurba-tion. a form to up, set administrative with city the outside settlements distinct three of towns, Ikoyi and Apomu Ikire, namely, amalgamation an already physical its expanded has physical The Governments. namely areas immediate kr metropolita Ikire PREFERRED URBANFORMFORIKIRE 4.2 FIGURE4.4CompositeModel scattered in several places. This is just the just is This places. several in scattered ein cvr to oa government local two covers region, md o te iy n its and city the of made area, n rwl ad skn Local Isokan and Irewole growth of Ikire town Ikire of growth onais n is and boundaries settlements which are which their own their In no centre withsub-centres tobecreated. networks willbecarefully plannedtolinkthecore city keep theiridentityandspecialisations. Transportation enable thesmallersettlements engulfed by urbanisation This proposal wouldensure balanceddevelopment and activity sub-centres forexpandingtheurbanform. Business District, andthecreation ofseveral land rehabilitation oftheexistingurbancore, theCentral the plannedlanduseswouldbebased.It involves the for Ikire. Thisisthe recommended model,uponwhich Form 3- ments inaccordance withtheculturalheritagemakes The needtoplanmore efficientandbefittingsettle The Composite Model is more appropriate - 05 Chapter 5: Structure Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives

53 STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 54 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ following: next 20 years. The documents reviewed include the vision fordeveloping Planning Ikirun Area duringthe documents andinitiatives towards comingupwiththe This chapter anumberofkeydevelopmentreviews ment. hinged onadoptingmissionsandvisionsofdevelop 2003 tillnow, manydevelopment initiatives have been and Development Strategies (LEEDS).Dating from Strategies known asLocalEconomic Empowerment Plans andShort andMedium Term Poverty Reduction formulation andadoptionoflong-rangeLandUse include opment asagoodpractice.Theseopportunities foradoptingstrategicvisioning of devel opportunities management ofurbanareas inNigeria whichcreate general development, especiallyfortheplanningand There are existinglegalandpolicyprovisions toguide ment. mobilising theresources required fortheiraccomplish human development initiatives, aswell aswork towards long-term perspectiveofgoodgovernance views and public are abletoagree onandtakebothbroad and visioning ofdevelopment, politicalleadersandthe measurements’ (UNDP1997; TUGI 2002).Through goals, targetsandbroadly acceptedperformance those responsible for governance must have ‘a vision, in itself. Hence, to effectively manage the process, governance of urban areas for success is a huge task ment iscentraltoeffective planning. Managing the Strategic visioninginpromoting sustainabledevelop- VISIONING THEFUTURE CONTEXT OFTHESTRUCTUREPLAN: 5.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Osun Six-point Integral Action Plan Local Economic Empowerment Strategies The Urban and Regional Planning Law1992 The Land-Use Act 1978 The National Urban Policy 2012 The National Housing Policy 2012 - - - ❚ The keyobjectives toachieve thegoalsare asfollows: living andwell-being ofallNigerians’. ment, aswell asensures improved standard ofhealthy efficient urbanand regionalplanninganddevelop which fosterssustainableeconomicgrowth, promotes a dynamicsystemofclearlydefinedurbansettlements, Development Policy of Nigeria therefore, is ‘to promote for thecountry. Thegoalofthe revised National Urban initiative is to achieve the national goals and objectives One ofthe implicit aims of any urban development 5.1.1 ❚ ❚ regulator. In thisvein, policyis ahighpoint ofthenew government isexpectedto concentrateonitsrole asa the centralrole ofprivate sectorfinancing,while the sector, had lacked.It whichthecountry emphasizes annually ofone millionhouses for allthrough theconstruction focused onachievingprovision ofadequatehouses approvedThis newly nationalhousingpolicyis able forpeopleintheinformalsector. their financialstatus,and,makeshousingloansavail ensures thatallNigerians have ashelterirrespective of housing forNigerians whereby citizen counts, every include the introduction of a social element of mass secure tenure.’ Highlights policytherefore ofthenew at affordablewith infrastructure cost and with services housing in healthy environments safe and sanitary ensure thatallNigerians own orhave access todecent, The goalofthe revised National Housing Policy is ‘to 5.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ plans, township plans,subject lation includingmaster/structure plans,regional use plansthatare prescribed by theplanninglegis Adoption andimplementationoftherangeland The Habitat Agenda. The Vision 20:2020and them. to plan implementation and are accountable for out theirfunctionsandresponsibilities withregards Ensuring thatalltiersofgovernment effectively carry ment andgoodgovernance Promotion of efficient urbandevelopment manage

to augmentinfrastructure development inthe Policy 2012 National UrbanDevelopment National HousingPolicy2012 - - - - the mode of contractor financing, in which contractors ❚❚ Rural land policy situates land for agricultural are expected to source for funds and construct houses purposes (except the exploitation of minerals) under in partnership with the government hence the need for the jurisdiction of local governments. Local govern- a new mortgage system. ments are to issue customary certificate of occupancy rights; As housing offers more opportunities for economic growth and the growth of GDP by driving income ❚❚ The Acts forbids the alienation of land (urban or generation and welfare of the people, the policy will rural) by sale, mortgage and assignment without the also help to build the capacity of the sector through the prior approval/consent of the Governor; and establishment of skill acquisition centres in each of the six geo-political zones in the country to drive employ- ❚❚ Permits the revocation of interest over land and ment and income generation. The policy stresses the payment of compensation for unexhausted improve- need for maintenance, proper planning of the environment. ment and addressing the issues of urban renewal and slum upgrading, including the provision of infrastruc- 5.1.4 Urban and Regional Planning ture and disaster management. Law 1992

The Government intends that the Federal Ministry of The Nigeria Urban and Regional Planning Decree No. Housing and Urban Development will work closely 88 of 1992 is the first post-colonial planning legisla- with State Governors in the area of enhancing urban tion adopted in the country. The general aim of the development. Part of the plans is to build new cities. law is to facilitate preparation and implementation of

development plans and planning schemes with a view Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives 5.1.3 Land Use Act (LUA) 1978 to creating a better environment for living, working and recreation. The specific objectives of the law are The Land Use Act (No 6) of 1978 harmonises the as follows: 55 ownership and control of land in the country thereby providing a uniform legal basis for a comprehensive ❚❚ To identify types and levels of the various physical national land tenure system. development plans, identify the procedures for the preparation of these physical development plans The purposes of the Land Use Act are: and lastly identify the administrative bodies that will be responsible for the execution of these various ❚❚ To make investment in agriculture attractive by physical development plans according to the tiers or removing uncertainties in the control of land; levels of government in the country.

❚❚ To curb speculation in urban land; ❚❚ To ascribe greater emphasis to issues of development control, first, by creating a multi-disciplinary devel- ❚❚ To make opportunities to access land generally avail- opment control department with wider powers of able to all Nigerians throughout the country thereby approving or rejecting development proposals from bringing about mobility of resources, especially government agencies; second, by enforcing various human resources; and development control mechanisms and orders against erring developers; and third, by giving in-depth ❚❚ To re-allocate rural land to large-scale farming. consideration to the environmental implications of major development proposals to prevent environ- The major provisions of the Act are: mental degradation and decay.

❚❚ All lands in a state are vested in the authority of the ❚❚ To ensure effective control in such other special cases Governor; as wastelands, tree preservation, buildings of special architectural and historical significance and adver- ❚❚ Private ownership rights to urban land are limited to tisement. 0.5 hectares and rights are restricted for lease-holders for a term of years; 56 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ is hingedonthefollowing sixactions: of Osun (www.osun.gov.ng). The Integral Action Plan the initiatives andprograms oftheState government Rauf Aregbesola administrationas the foundationof The Six-Point Integral Action Plan wasadopted by the 5.1.6 planning. integrating socio-economicprogrammes withphysical of balancedandorderly development ofthestateby therefore totheachievement emphasized asimportant the preparation ofaRegional Development Plan was ingly complexduetomigrationtrends. Theneedfor growth andprosperity, whichisbecomingincreas management oftowns andcitiesisvitaltoanation’s policy reforms andspecifically recognises that ously. The Plan succinctlyaddresses different sectoral Osun State Government hasdecidedtopursuevigor - Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)whichthe ofNigeria.parts This Vision Statement encapsulatesthe welfare withapositive spill-over ofitscitizenry toother ment ofState ofOsun aswell asinimprovement ofthe that willresult inthegrowth andphysicaldevelop an excellent,service efficient and effective quality public The Mission Statement of Osun SEEDSistoprovide 5.1.5 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Communal Peace andProgress. Functional Education. Restore Healthy Living. Banish Hunger. Banish Poverty. Federation andtheFederal Capital Territory Abuja. Regional Planning Tribunal ineachState ofthe provides fortheestablishmentofUrban and Nigeria Urban andRegional Planning Lawof1992 To ensure fairness,justiceandequitytoall, the of suchareas. authority working in co-operation with the residents any kindare tobewell attendedtoby theplanning To ensure that areas thatneedimprovements of Land-Use Act of1978. shall begoverned by theappropriate sectionsofthe exercise ofthesepowers by theplanningauthority emphasisethatthe compensation aswell astofurther for planningpurposesanditsresultant paymentof the planningauthoritywithrespect toacquiringland To spelloutinanunmistakableterms,thepowers of

Plan Osun Six-pointIntegralAction Strategies (LEEDS) Empowerment andDevelopment OSEEDS andLocalEconomic effective - - others. such asNEEDS,MDGs,and frameworks forHuman andSpatial Development, subsisting nationalandinternationalprogrammes and The programmes are toalargeextentconsistentwith among others. waste disposaland,O’Schoolforschoolrehabilitation Reap conflict resolution, tion include various sectors of development. These programmes toeradicatepovertyefforts and lackofprogress inthe six-point agendaasthebedrock oftheadministration’s Several programmes have beenderived from the ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ of Osun must beableto: abundant” aspromised by theadministration,people the development promise of ‘freedom for all, life more intheirimplementation.combined efforts To engender ting, hence, the achievement of these actions require The elementsoftheagendaare related andcrosscut ❚ primary schooling primary and girlsalikewillbeabletocompletefullcourseof It istargetedthatby 2015,children boys everywhere Goal 2:Achieve Universal Primary Education; poverty tohalfby 2015. ment anddevelopment Strategy (SEEDS)istoreduce as emphasized instateofOsun economicempower- The principaldevelopment objective ofgovernment Goal 1:Eradicate Extreme Poverty andHunger; namely: The MDGsare fashionedaround eightmaingoals, 5.1.7 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ promote communal peaceandharmony. people, visitorsandbusinessesinthestateorder to Enjoy peaceandharmony for thebenefitof functional education; so as to promoteEasily access health care services ment; Have ajobtobeengagedwithasbanishunemploy Sustain adignifyinglifestylesoastobanishpoverty; Easily feedthemselves soastobanishhunger; Create Workand Wealth. for environmental sanitation, for rural empowerment;for rural

(MDGs) Millennium DevelopmentGoals O’ Renewal O’ Yes for slumupgrading, for youth employment, O’ Waste for sustainable Vision 20:2020among

O’ Mediation O’ Sanita- for O’ O’ - - Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower ❚❚ Economic dimension: a globally competitive Women; economy that is resilient and diversified with a globally competitive manufacturing sector that is Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality; highly integrated and contributes no less than 25% to Gross Domestic Product. Goal 5: Improve maternal health; ❚❚ Institutional dimension: a stable and functional Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other democracy where the rights of the citizen to deter- diseases; mine their leaders are guaranteed and adequate infrastructure exists to support friendly and globally Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability; competitive business environment; and,

State of Osun is confronted with several major ❚❚ Environmental dimension: a level of environ- challenges in this regard viz deforestation, urban mental consciousness that enables and supports pollution, road condition among others. The present sustainable management of the nation’s God-given effort at preparing structure plans for the selected cities natural endowment to ensure their preservation for is consistent with the attainment of environmental the benefit of present and future generation. sustainability by 2015 as contained in Goal 7. Thirty two thematic groups, including one on for Goal 8: Develop a Global partnership for Develop- Urban and Rural Development, addressed the identi- ment. fied sectoral issues that formed the basis for the vision, goals and strategies of the blueprint. The Thematic Besides MDG Goal 7 which focuses on environmental Group on urban and rural development recognized the sustainability, the UN-HABITAT has argued that all centrality of urban and rural development to achieve- the MDG goals if disaggregated spatially in urban ment of economic growth and situated the critical areas can be largely traced to slum areas, which is the strategies to be adopted for the achievement of Vision physical manifestation of the poverty facing all 20:2020 in the context of two broad goals for the societies. It is important therefore, that land use sector, namely:

planning is integrated in all the MDG goals into Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives promoting spatial development in cities to achieve Goal 1: To establish and promote good governance sustainable develop-ment. structures and capacity for developing and managing dynamic, functional, healthy and safe human settle- 57 5.1.8 Nigeria Vision 20:2020 ments systems at the three-tier government levels to achieve socio-economic and technological growths in In 2009, Nigeria embarked on planning a long-term the country. development plan, the Vision 20:2020 which focuses on transforming Nigeria into one of the 20 leading Goal 2: To improve the living and working environ- economies in the world by the year 2020. ments of Nigerians to ensure their well-being, high living standard, social emancipation and their contri- The Nigerian Vision 20:2020 is an economic transfor- butions to national economic growth. mation blueprint for a long term plan for stimulating Nigeria’s growth and launching the country into a path 5.1.9 The Habitat Agenda of sustained and rapid socio-economic development. Fundamental to the vision are two broad objectives: The second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II 1996) addressed two themes ❚❚ Optimizing human and natural resources to achieve which were adopted as the basis for the Habitat rapid economic growth; and Agenda. These are: ‘Adequate shelter for all’ and ‘promoting sustainable human settlement planning, ❚❚ Translating growth achieved into equitable social development and management in a rapidly urbanizing development for all citizens. world.’ The Agenda provides a practical roadmap to an urbanizing world, setting out approaches and strategies The two broad objectives are defined across four major towards the achievement of sustainable development dimensions: in urban areas. The agenda recognizes the imperative need to improve the quality of human settlements ❚❚ Social dimension: a specific, equitable, harmonious which profoundly affects the daily lives and well-being and just society, where every citizen has a strong of people. sense of national identity and citizens are supported by an educational and health care system that caters for all and sustains a life expectancy of not less than 70 years. 58 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ To achieve this,itwill: ration” Planning Area intheIkire asarticulated City Decla Agenda, as well as the wishes of the people in the Ikire the Millennium Development Goals andHabitat ment andhousing,itsSix Point Integral Action Plan, Government of Osun’s policiesonurbandevelop- cantly contributetoachievingthegoalsofState The overall Goal ofthe Master Plan is 5.3.1 STRUCTURE PLAN2014-2033 GOALS ANDOBJECTIVESOFTHE 5.3 agenda andcouldbesummarized as: Structure Plan is therefore a composite of the reviewed and initiatives asdiscussedearlier. Thevisionfor Ikire general localandinternationaldevelopment goals during thecityconsultationandreview ofthe the needsandaspirationsofpeopleasexpressed The visionfortheemerging Ikire town isderived from (2014-2033) THE VISIONFORNEWIKIRE 5.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ development process. all phases of Social, Economic and Environmental insures forcitizens tobeinvolved theopportunity in Develop a citizen involvement programme that Osun integratedDevelopment agenda. Agenda, theMillennium Development goalsandthe ment andDevelopment Strategy (LEEDS),Habitat Irewole andIsokan LocalEconomic Empower- tives are adequatelyintegrateintheplan,such as Ensure allsubsistingagendaprogrammes andinitia shelter toallresident ofthecity. Ensure adequateaccesstodecentandaffordable environmental sustain-ability.” generation, significantly will resilient, dynamic, economic, a as livable Ikire develop “To

Ikire PlanningArea Goal oftheStructure Plan for n icuie iy ih tog social, strong with city inclusive and human, and infrastructural base that base infrastructural and human, oet rdcin and reduction poverty otiue o employment to contribute “To signifi- - - ❚ Strategies: Objective: Structure Plan forIkire Planning Area are asfollows: The objectives and Strategies for implementation of the 5.3.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Strategies: Area duringtheStructure Plan period: to educationforbothmenandwomeninIkire Planning Objective: To contributetoachievinguniversal access ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ of land. as abasisforalldecisionsandactionsrelated touse Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframework as aframework forIkire andenvirons. toserve arrangement ofpublicfacilitiesandservices Plan and develop atimely, orderly andefficient and scenicresources inthecityanditsenvirons. openspacesandprotect natural,historic Conserve of land. as abasisforalldecisionsandactionsrelated touse Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframework considerations. equitable spatial distribution in line with population and senior schools and other institutions and Allocating appropriate landforelementary, middle environs. withinIkire aswellof people,goodsandservices asits lishment ofmasstransitsystemforefficient movement outroad improvementCarrying schemesandestab- industrial development. parks, internationalfree tradezones formarket and sector activitiessuchasmechanicvillage,business Allocation oflandtobothformalandinformalprivate Structure Plan area protect natural,historicandscenicresources inthe good agricultural land and industrial uses, conserve Allocation ofappropriate landforcommercial and in IkirePlanningArea.” MDG sustainable and creation job growth, rapid of of promotion the through the gains beyond eradication the programmes consolidate “To

Area Structure PlanforIkire Planning Objectives andStrategiesofthe ih epc t poverty to respect with agt er 2015 year target n economic and livelihood ❚❚ Reserving land for vocational and skills acquisition Objective: Achieve environmental sustainability in centres as well as incubators for business start-ups in Ikire Planning Area Ikire Planning Area Strategies: ❚❚ Rehabilitation and upgrading of existing schools. ❚❚ Upgrading of slums through the improved access to Objectives: water, sanitation, education, communal facilities, housing and general environment during the plan ❚❚ Promote gender equality and empower women period through participatory approaches to development and ensuring better access and security of tenure to ❚❚ Reduction in the incidences of environmental pollu- land. tion by initiating internationally acceptable waste management methods and separation of incompat- ❚❚ Ensuring citizens’ accessibility to improved health ible land uses care facilities; ❚❚ Conserving historic and heritage sites in Ikire Strategies: Planning Area and preserving and rehabilitating historic and cultural buildings and landscapes ❚❚ Allocating lands for the provision of additional accessible facilities according to needs. in to address ❚❚ Enforcing planning standards, enabling laws and the existing imbalance in health facilities provision control of development in relation to set-back, air space and ventilation towards achieving a healthy ❚❚ Enforcing land use standards and control for build- and safe living environment. ings, roads, drainages, sanitation, air circulation, pollution control among others to achieve safe and healthy environment Chapter 5: Structure Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives

59 60 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 06 Chapter 6: Population Growth Projections Projections Chapter 6: Population Growth (2014-2033) Planning Area for Ikire

61 POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONS FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 62 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ tion oftheplanningarea isbasedinclude thefollowing: The basic assumptions upon which population projec- 6.1.1 recreation, andtransportation. basicurbanservices tics, are afunctionofthedemandsforhousing,work, demographiccharacteris population andinparticular Thecurrent andanticipatedgrowthurban services. in other pursuits,movement andrequirements forbasic projected populationforwork, housing,recreation and future population,especiallyfocusingonneedsofthe for thePlanning Area have tofocusoncurrent and population are met.Essentially, landuseprojections planning toensure thattheneedsofgrowing Making future projections iscentraltoland use for otherlanduseactivities. population istherefore usedtoestimatetheprojections wholesale trade,are notgenerallyavailable. Data on wholesale etc.Data onanyofthesevariables, especially commercial usesdrawupon employment trends in turing employment trends andfuture spaceneedsfor industrial and commercial uses are based on manufac- ment needs.Estimatesoffuture landrequirements for and estimates,whichare usedinscalinglanddevelop ment constitutekeyelementsinpopulationforecasts land development that occurs, while data on employ urban economydeterminestheamountandnature of patterns (i.e.LocalEconomic Development). The population trends, urbaneconomyandemployment future landuse.Thesefactorsincludeamongothers Several factorsare involved inmakingprojections for IKIRE PLANNINGAREA POPULATION PROJECTIONSFOR 6.1 ❚ Rate fortheStateofOsun. as same the is which cent, per 3.2 at Population National the estimated National the Census, 2006 the an a on as occur will annual migration, and increase area (Irewole andIsokan LGAs) through natural That future growth inthepopulationofplanning

Gig by Going Headquarters. Government Local Projections Basic AssumptionsforPopulation growth rate of 3.4%, given its pull factor pull its given 3.4%, of rate growth ouain has Population rwh Rate Growth the Growth the - - - ❚ ❚ is aspresented inFigure 6.1. LGAs over theperiodofstructure plan2014-2033 The projected populationsfor Irewole and Isokan course oftheStructure Plan period2014-2033. other physicalneedswouldhave tobeaddressed inthe This implies that additional infrastructure facilities and population projection figures presented in Table 6.1. desired future. Thisiscalculated andbasedonthe comparing existingpatternsandthoseneededforthe 6.3. In general, projection of land-uses is based on are basedonthespacestandards asshown in Table for commercial use, residential use and other land-uses Based on the population projection, the land required 6.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ as P (compound growth rate)method, whichisexpressed annualgrowthwas computedusingtheobserved rate That thepopulation projection fortheplanningarea the NPC2006censusdataearlierprojected to2014. Thatyear isbased thepopulationon forthe starting of standards andrequirements. based onpopulationprojection andtheadoptedset water, education,electricity, solidwastecollectionis suchas That theprojections forbasicurbanservices standards. other landusesare basedonconventional space That land required forcommercial, residential and Area willmostlikelyattractmore peopletothecity. developmentThat new envisagedin Ikire Planning r= annualgrowth rate

Where P n

=P P n= numberofyears o Projected PopulationFigures (1+r) o n = populationofbaseyear = populationinyear n n : TABLE 6.1 Population Projection for Ikire Planning Area (2014-2033)

Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Irewole 184,751 190,663 196,764 203,060 209,558 219,264 223,184 230,326 237,697 245,303 Isokan 132,745 136,992 141,376 145,901 150,570 155,388 160,361 165,492 170,787 176,253 Total 317,496 327,655 338,140 348,961 360,128 371,652 383,545 395,818 408,484 421,556

Year 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 Irewole 253,153 261,254 269,614 278,242 287,145 296,334 305,817 315,603 325,702 336,125 Isokan 181,893 187,713 193,720 199,919 206,317 212,919 219,732 226,763 234,020 241,508 Total 435,046 448,967 463,334 478,161 493,462 509,253 525,549 542,366 559,722 577,633

FIGURE 6.1 Population projection for LGAs in Ikire Planning Area (1991 to 2033)

600,000

500,000

400,000 Chapter 6: Population Growth Projections Projections Chapter 6: Population Growth (2014-2033) Planning Area for Ikire

300,000 63 200,000

100,000

0 1991 2006 2014 2019 2024 2029 2033

Irewole Isokan

6.2 The current housing backlog for the Ikire Planning Land Use Budget for Ikire Planning Area is estimated on the basis of the Housing Charac- Area teristics and Amenities data from the 2006 National Population and Housing Census. The data indicating that a total of 5,469 persons did not have any rooms at all, is taken as the housing deficit for 2006. This, The estimated land use budget required to cater for the when projected to 2014 at the same population growth needs of the estimated population has been estimated rate gives an estimated backlog of 7,036 persons for the at roughly 4,900 hectares of land to be developed take-off year 2014. around the existing settlements in the Planning area (Table 6.3). 64 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project situations however, aminimumof15litres ofwater activities in above average temperature. In emergency lactating womenwhoengage inmoderatephysical to meettherequirements ofmostpeople,especially ater Supply 2003), aminimumof7.5litres waterperdayisrequired According tothe World Health Organisation (WHO 6.3.1 projections assumedintheprevious chapter. used to assess future infrastructure needs based on the data onarangeofvariables whichcouldpotentiallybe Projections forBasic Urban are Services based onlocal SERVICES PROJECTIONS FORBASICURBAN 6.3 TABLE 6.3LandUseBudgetfortheProjected Population(2014–2033) TABLE 6.2PopulationandHousingShortfallsinIwoPlanningArea Total additionallandrequired forfuture Development Waste transferanddisposalsites Circulation, Roadsandutilities Institutional use Commercial landuse Industrial development Space required forRecreation/organised openspaces Total landrequired forResidentialuse Current backlogofHousinginthetown Number ofHouseholdsat6personsperhousehold Additional populationtoplanfor Projected populationto2033 Population in2014 IKIRE Planning Area

W Irewole Isokan

LGAs 103,177 143,599 Population LGAs (2006) 21912 29966 Regular Households (Planning Area Total, 2006) 2497 2972 Housing Shortfall (LGAs,2006) 246776 Population Planning Area (Total, 2006) is thecommonestformofenergy amongmanyurban though andoftentimeerratic and epileptic.Electricity forms, concentration has beenonthe use ofelectricity; country’s potentialtogenerate thesedifferent energy such assolar, wind,hydro andbiomass.Despite the electricity, gas,kerosene andrenewable energysources The different forms of energy available to Nigerians are 6.3.2 Planning Area isasprojected in Table 6.4. water supplyrequirements tomeetdemandforIkire per day. On thebasisofthisestimate, projected be ofqualitythatrepresents atolerablelevel ofrisk, approximately 102.5litres ofwater, whichshould Hence, itisestimatedthatanindividualwouldrequire amount ofabout65litres. which might requireexclude laundry/bathing a higher hygiene needsisabout20litres. Theseestimates is required whiletherequirement forbasicfoodand (5469) 7036

Housing Shortfall

Electricity Supply Planning Area 2014 (2006) 317496 Projected Population Total (2014) Source: ComputedbyConsultants,2014. 360128 Projected Population Total (2018) 421556 Projected Population Total (2023) 4,837.3 Ha 2,799.6 Ha 260,139.0 577,637.0 317,498.0 879.9 Ha 359.9 Ha 359.9 Ha 320.0 Ha 43,356.5 577633 40.0 Ha 78.0 Ha 7,036.0 Projected Population Total (2033) dwellers/households. Indeed, Nigerians have acknowl- was estimated as 0.03kw. Considering the per capita edged electricity as their most preferred energy from consumption of other countries it is assumed that an (Nigeria Energy Study Report, 2005). It is used in facil- average Nigerian should consume 1.89kw/day. Using itating household activities such as lighting, washing, this per capita, electricity demand was estimated cooking, ironing, entertainment among others. based on the projected population for each year. This is as presented in Table 6.4. It is therefore expected The account of Okafor and Joe-Uzuegbu (2010) that electricity demand in Ikire Planning Area would revealed that among nine different countries of the increase from the present 322,534 kw to 586,800 kw world (USA, Cuba, UK, Ukraine, Iraq, South Korea, by 2033. Nigeria, Egypt and South Africa), Nigeria has the lowest per capita consumption of electricity. This

TABLE 6.4 Basic Services Demand Projection for Ikire Planning Area (2014-2033)

Year Population Water (m3/day) Electricity (kw) Solid water (kg)

2014 170,653 17,491,933 322,534 22,185

2015 176,113 18,051,583 332,854 22,895

2016 181,749 18,629,273 343,506 23,627

2017 187,565 19,225,413 354,498 24,383

2018 193,567 19,840,618 365,842 25,164

2019 199,761 20,475,503 377,548 25,969

2020 206,154 21,130,785 389,631 26,800

2021 212,751 21,806,978 402,099 27,658

2022 219,559 22,504,798 414,967 28,543 Chapter 6: Population Growth Projections Projections Chapter 6: Population Growth (2014-2033) Planning Area for Ikire

2023 226,585 23,224,963 428,246 29,456 2024 233,835 23,968,088 441,948 30,399 65 2025 241,318 24,735,095 456,091 31,371

2026 249,040 25,526,600 470,686 32,375

2027 257,009 26,343,423 485,747 33,411

2028 265,234 27,186,485 501,292 34,480

2029 273,721 28,056,403 517,333 35,584

2030 282,480 28,954,200 533,887 36,722

2031 291,520 29,880,800 550,973 37,898

2032 300,848 30,836,920 568,603 39,110

2033 310,476 31,823,790 586,800 40,362

Source: Consultants estimates 66 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 07 Chapter 7: Structure Plan for Ikire Plan for Ikire Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Land Use Proposals Planning Area

67 STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 68 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE7.1LandUseProposal forIkire PlanningArea in Figure 7.1. proposed landuseforIkire Planning Area isasshown Area over thePlan periodof2014–2033.The tions inlinewiththeprojected needsforthePlanning their specificlanduse,policyandlegislative implica priorities identified under theeleven themesas well as The Structure Plan therefore addresses thedifferent held onthevarious issues. as well as the prioritiesagreed atthecityconsultation needs ofthepeopleasderived from theprofile data proffered inthissectionhave beenbasedonactual responses toaddress them.Thelanduseproposals and the future growth of the city and provides broad critical development issues of relevance to the people The Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area identifies the Preamble 7.1 - coordinated andintegrated.Landuseplanning areensuring thatlanduseandtransportation properly also locatinglandusestocomplementeachotherand This willbeachieved inthe Ikire Structure Plan by ❚ ❚ ❚ pronged approach, involving: growing cities,UNHABITAT advocates athree- To achieve effective landuseplanninginrapidly and Standards Land UseProposals, Strategies 7.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ especially waterandsanitation. adequate physicalaccessandbasicurbanservices, Planning in phases,beginningwithensuring Planning at thescaleofproblems; and Preventive planning–inadvance; design under the Structure Plan is hinged on adopting ❚❚ Modalities to be developed for private sector partic- integrated and participatory approaches to land use ipation in the provision of such services as water, budgeting and relating this to the projected population. electricity, waste management under Public-Pri- It also entails advancing broad land use development vate-Participation schemes, among others. control measures for monitoring architectural design and redesign, building development and redevelop- Urban Renewal ment, as well as strict implementation of the land The Structure Plan is conceived to build on the Urban use proposals as designed. The land use proposals are Renewal programme (O’ Renewal) currently being guided by well-defined principles and identified prior- implemented in the State of Osun, which covers a ities in line with the goals and objectives of the plan. range of one kilometer-radius from the Akire’s Palace (the core and traditional residential area). The plan has 7.2.1 SHELTER AND SLUMS already been adopted for implementation. In addition, it is proposed that slum upgrading scheme should be New Housing Development extended to the core area of Apomu and Ikoyi. Further- Existing Layout Schemes within the Planning Area more, the following measures will be adopted: are the Ikire Development Scheme, Apomu/Ikoyi Industrial and Residential Estate, Molagbo Residential ❚❚ Slum upgrading schemes are to be extended to the Scheme and, Apomu Residential Scheme. Currently, newer residential areas outside the one kilometre both the Ikire Development Scheme and the Molagbo radius such as the traditional/core area of the city, Residential Scheme attract very low patronage due to while the participatory planning process adopted absence of basic services on site, the Apomu Residen- under the RUSPS methodology is to be institutiona-

tial Scheme is still at the proposal stage. lised in order to ensure wider public participation in Plan for Ikire Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Land Use Proposals Planning Area housing/urban policy formulation and implementa- The development of new housing in the Planning Area tion; will focus on the development of sites and services 69 schemes. Strategies for promoting housing develop- ❚❚ Additional land is to be acquired by the Local ment and prevention of slums in Ikire Planning Area Planning Authorities in the Ikire Planning Area and the policy implications are as follows: and made available to developers, particularly women, to meet the anticipated population growth. ❚❚ Existing land acquired for development of low-cost Also, Planning Approvals for all new buildings will housing in the Planning Area will be reviewed for be granted only subject to the provision of essential more effective implementation and development; services before commencement of building operations. ❚❚ Additional land will be acquired for the development of sites and services scheme in Ikire, Apomu and Going by lessons learnt from past experiences, the Ikoyi. Land will also be acquired within other axes following are imperatives for successful implemen- of the Planning Area, such as along Iwo, Ibadan and tation of urban renewal schemes under the Structure Ile-Ife Roads, for the purpose of providing affordable Plan: housing stock to the populace. ❚❚ Strong political support at all levels of government; ❚❚ Households should be enlightened and encouraged to rehabilitate old traditional family houses in Ikire, ❚❚ Community participation, ownership and empow- Apomu and Ikoyi; erment through institutionalized community driven initiatives; ❚❚ Buildings in contravention areas such as under high-tension electricity cables, areas prone to ❚❚ Implementation of sustained, progressive develop- flooding and those in violation of road setbacks to ments as opposed to one-off interventions; be removed; ❚❚ Enforcement of the National Building Code, by-laws ❚❚ Capacity of local government professionals to be and appropriate land use standards; and, developed to improve implementation of public enlightenment and enforcement of development ❚❚ In-situ upgrading of degraded areas and use of slum control activities in Ikire and environs; clearance only where inevitable and with the consent and relocation of slum dwellers. 70 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ SupporttheproposaltoamendL ❚ ❚ ❚ Commercial LandUse following: structure plansgives adequateconsiderationtothe effective localeconomicdevelopment in thearea, the trade ingeneral,agriculturalandindustrialgoods.For Planning Area are agriculture andcommerce, involving The major economic activities of residents within Ikire 7.2.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Ikire Planning Area, thefollowing are proposed: housing development. To achieve theabove goalin accessible, andtransferableataffordable pricesfor landwithsecure tenureserviced readily available, The goalofthe State of Osun landpolicyisto make Land forHousing ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ intensively; and high density development to use the land more Redesign themarket toachieve amore compact tion; lives andeconomicactivitiesunaffected by reloca- Enable thepopulationofcitytocontinuetheir decisions willachieve thefollowing: rebuilt, aswell asthe Total Market inApomu. These and Olorisa Oko Market would beredesigned and tional markets, namelyNaira andKobo Market and activitynodesinApomu andIkoyi. Thetradi Establishment ofacentralbusinessdistrictforIkire Develop andmaintainatitleinsurancesystem. and production ofcadastraland township maps; tions through theestablishmentoflandregistries Establish and keep proper records of land transac- efficient landadministrationandhousingdelivery; ible and geo-referenced land information system for of government to adoptarobust, dynamic, compat Strengthen and co-ordinate landregisters atalltiers Ensure securityoftenure; able price; Facilitate lands at afford the availability- of serviced land through effective physicalplanning; rural Effectively administertheuseofurbanand land information system toensure securityoftenure. tion and administration through a geo-referenced strengthening andco-ordination ofLandRegistra schemesand able pricethrough sitesandservices Facilitate theprovision landsatafford ofserviced tive physical planning; Judicious landthrough effec useofurbanandrural

Local EconomicDevelopment andU se Act - - - - - ; The Structure Plan proposes: agglomeration. brought togethertoenablethemderive thebenefitsof Ikire, Apomu andIkoyi. These businesses needtobe region. Such small businesses are scattered in space in pillar for local economic development in the city and Small formal and informal businesses are the major Small Businesses ❚ ❚ of industrialactivitiesthrough thefollowing : for Ikire Planning Area will promote the development opment ofAgro-based industries.The Structure Plan Area issaw-milling.Thearea forthedevel isalsofertile The mostsignificantindustrialactivityinthe Planning Industrial LandUse ❚ ❚ ❚ on thefarms. of thesolidwastewillbeturned intocompostforuse with wasterecycling, where biodegradablecomponents ture. Theurbanagriculture scheme istobeintegrated flood plainshave beendesignatedforurbanagricul in thePlanning Area, especiallyareas withextensive the Structure Plan, the sites around rivers and streams be integratedintotheeconomic base of the city. Under poverty. Asadeliberatepolicy, urbanagriculture isto food security, providing employment and reducing Urban Agriculture plays a critical role in ensuring Urban Agricultur core areas. extended be will programme radius kilometre Renewal already redevelopment The Town Centre Development ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ related activities. Allocation of land for expansion of saw-milling and the Planning Area. other formsofstoragefacilitiesforfarmproduce in Allocation of land for the establishment of silos and town expandsover time. New marketsdistrictsasthe willbebuiltinnew inthemarkets; waste managementservices Provide adequateparking spaces,sanitationand in themarket asaresult ofincreased density; Provide forstreet opportunity traderstohave spaces in thesettlements. Establishment ofshoppingareas nodes atimportant and, accessibility andtransportation; sector andsmallbusinesses,especiallywithrespect to theestablishmentandoperationofinformal support Adoption ofappropriate zoning regulations to underway through the on-going Osun O’ Osun on-going the through underway rjc rsoig h ae wti one within area the restoring Project e f h Aies aae This Palace. Akire’s the of te kr tw cnr is centre town Ikire the of o ky ad Apomu and Ikoyi to - - 7.2.3 ENVIRONMENT ❚❚ Implementation of government plan on rehabilitation of dilapidated buildings in Irewole and Isokan The Natural Environment LGAs;

The Structure Plan will support the preservation of ❚❚ Households will be encouraged and supported where the natural environment in Ikire Planning Area by possible to provide their houses with toilets and preventing further deterioration through the following: other facilities;

❚❚ Enforcement of land use standards with regards to ❚❚ The State Government will strictly enforce the percentage of land designated for functional open monthly environmental sanitation exercise to spaces, parks and garden; enhance good environmental quality; and,

❚❚ Enforcement of development control regulations by ❚❚ Capacity building programmes will be imple- the local Planning Authority in Ikire; mented for officers of the Irewole and Isokan Local Government Department of Water, Environment ❚❚ Implementation of public awareness programmes and Sanitation. Similarly, the Department will be propagating the inherent advantages of ensuring equipped with the right number and quality of environmental preservation for conducive and personnel for effective monitoring of environmental healthy living; and sanitation exercises.

❚❚ Promotion of tree planting by residents through ❚❚ Reintroduction of the services of Sanitary and Health establishment of a tree nursery by the State Ministry Inspectors (Wole-Wole), with adequate institutional of Agriculture; back-up and legal support.

❚❚ Land acquired for any use should be designed to Open Spaces, Parks and Gardens integrate functional open spaces, parks and recre- Functional and dedicated open spaces, parks and ational spaces; garden are not commomn in major settlements within the Planning Area. The Structure Plan will incorporate ❚

❚ Capacity building for the officers from the Depart- open spaces, parks and gardens through the following: Plan for Ikire Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Land Use Proposals Planning Area ment of Town Planning and Land Services in Irewole and Isokan LGAs; ❚❚ Ensure new residential neighbourhoods in Irewole and Isokan LGAs are provided with open spaces, 71 ❚❚ Adequate environmental education for residents on parks and recreational grounds; benefits of a conducive environment and cultiva- tion of tree planting culture. Plant nurseries will be ❚❚ Plots designated as open spaces, parks and gardens established by the local governments to support this will be protected by legislation; initiative. ❚❚ Public awareness programmes will be Implemented Preservation of Agricultural Land to educate residents on the inherent advantages of Deforestation will be discouraged in the Planning Area compliance with rules and regulations governing alongside the preservation of agricultural land while open spaces, parks and gardens; and, the Lands and Forestry Departments at both State and LG levels would be adequately staffed and provided ❚❚ A department in the local government will be charged with adequate equipment to discourage illegal felling with responsibility for developing and maintaining of trees. Similarly, areas designated as forest reserve and all proposed open spaces. buffer zones would be protected through development control. Climate Change and Flooding The State of Osun is not immune to the adverse Built Environment impacts of Climate Change, which are characterized The built environment that makes up the Ikire Planning by flooding, increased production of greenhouse gases Area (the Residential core and the new residential (GHGs), loss of biodiversity and increased prevalence developments) is beset with several challenges. In Ikire, of extreme weather disasters and risks. Apomu and Ikoyi, a high proportion of the houses in core area are without toilets and in poor environ- The Structure Plan proposes the following to address ment sanitation condition. Furthermore, the issues related to Climate Change: existence of dilapidated buildings is a major feature in the built environment of the Planning Area. ❚❚ Capacity building for officers of the State ministries of Environment and, Physical Planning and Urban To improve the condition of the built environment, Development on management of Climate Change the structure plan proposes the following: and the attendant consequences; 72 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ waste management,thefollowing stepswillbetaken: To facilitate the adoptionofacceptablestandards of landfillsites. sanitary properly constructed had torely ontheuseofopendumpsasthere isno management inIkire andcurrently, thepeoplehave tion have notbeenabletoprovide effective solidwaste Local Government of Departments Water andSanita Due tolimitationsofavailable staffandequipment, river banksandopenspacesinthetown. from the opendumps located alongthemajor streets, contributes totheincidentsofflooding.Thisisevident been attributed to poor solid waste disposal, which also Air, landandwaterpollutioninthePlanning Area have Solid W ❚ ❚ ❚ through: The structure plan addresses pollution related issues trial pollutionisnotprevalent inIkire. through residential andcommercial activities.Indus andgroundment aswell waterpollution assurface pollution from useofoutdoorpublicaddress equip low. Amongtheprevalent typesofpollutionare noise Levels ofpollution inIkire Planning Area are relatively Pollution Control ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ture amongothers. harmful biologicalwasteandchemicalsinagricul- of machines)incollaborationwith private operators; Promotion of recycling activities (through purchase for sustainability; source ofgeneration attheprimary collection service chargesthrough wastes andintroduction ofservice and disposalofsolid collection, transportation Introduction in of the private sector participation landfills inthelocalgovernment areas; Identification andacquisitionofsitesforsanitary enment Implementation ofpubliceducationandenlight pollution; and, legislations especiallywithregards tonoiseandair Enforcement of the existing pollution control activities; separate non-congruous Adoption andenforcement of zoning regulations to of GHGemissionsfrom citiesinthestate. modalities foreffective measurement andmonitoring Adoption by theState Government ofOsun of amongothers;and, transportation day activitiessuchascooking,lightningand imbibing environment-friendly behaviorinday-to- Education andenlightenmentofresidents towards aste Management programmes on use ofenvironmentally - - - - needs ofIkire andenvirons. facility currently inuseisinadequateforthe sive refurbishment, whilethesiteofhealth a stateofdisuseandinneedcomprehen- Ikire-Ife expressway inthePlanning Area isin The only General Hospital locatedonthe Health Services schools andothereducationalfacilities. and private primary, junior and senior secondary make adequateprovision forestablishmentofpublic educational institutions,subsequentDistrict Plans will for residential growth areas whichincorporateslandfor expansion. While theStructure Plan makesprovision while some existing schools will require land for schools willberequired development innew areas Planning Area over thePlan period,additionalpublic Given theprojected populationgrowth inIkire Educational Facilities 7.2.4 ❚ supply nationallyandinIkire Planning Area. the privatization ofPHCN willimprove theelectricity and transformersproblems. It ishowever envisaged that constrained by manpower insufficientcables shortages, inadequate. Theelectricitysupplyframework was supply inIkire, Apomu andIkoyi andenvirons is ofthestateandindeed inNigeria,most parts electricity the nationalgridfrom Osogbo stepdown station.Asin Electricity supplytotheIkire Planning Area isthrough Electricity supply springs. in Ikire Planning Area are untreated rivers/streams and sanitation asthesecondmostutilized source ofwater a publicenlightenmentcampaignonwateruseand the paymentdispute.Alsoproposed istheconductof LGAs are strongly recommended foraresolution of the State Government andtheIrewole andIsokan other non-government agenciesincollaborationwith town unions in Diaspora, international donors and and Ikoyi by efforts andenvirons. Concerted relevant potable wateratleastcosttoresidents ofIkire, Apomu is apriorityactivityinorder torestore thesupplyof Osun andOyo States over payment-related issues The resolution ofthelong-drawndisputebetween Water Supply asrequiredservices from timetotime. resident of doctorsandfacilitateprompt delivery is expectedthat houses will be builtto accommodate with doctors,nursesandotherparamedicalstaff. It health care centresstaffing of the existing primary residents ofIkoyi andApomu aswell asadequately and comprehensive healthcentres toeffectively serve ofadditionalhospitals proposes the construction ❚ Introduction ofcomposting agriculturalwaste.

BASIC URBANSERVICES The Structure Plan The use of non-grid renewable energy sources especially for economic and security reasons as most young men solar energy is recommended to complement electricity and school leavers who are unable to continue with from the national grid. The uses could range from their education are engaged in this activity. However, solar powered street lights, solar powered boreholes since the operation of motor-cycles is reckless and among others. Solar dryers could also be used in food unsafe in the Planning Area regular capacity building processing. is proposed to educate the riders on safety and how to reduce accidents. Private investors would be encour- Communal Facilities aged to invest in minibuses to improve intra and inter Most major communal facilities in Ikire Planning Area, urban mobility, while introduction of tricycle as a such as town halls and palaces are in need of renova- mode of transportation could serve as an alternative to tion as they are not in conditions that are befitting for Okada. the city and the traditional rulers. Appropriate sites are earmarked at locations accessible to residents for use Roads and Design Standards as community facilities and other social facilities like The Structure Plan for Ikire Planning Area advances recreational parks. the development of a hierarchy of roads based on types, speed, land texture or gradient and capacity. The roads 7.2.5 TRANSPORTATION in urban areas follow the nomenclature as indicated in Buchman (Traffic in towns). The standard for road Major roads in Ikire are currently undergoing rehabil- lanes and widths is presented in Appendix 3. itation and efforts by the Federal, State and Local Governments are noticeable in this regard. The major ❚❚ Primary distributors: - this roads form the primary roads in Ikire and its environs include Awala, Obanile network for the town as a whole. The longer distance Owo, Oke-Olomi, Naira and Kobo-Itamerin Roads. traffic movement to, from and within the town are Others are Akire Palace - Oke – Ada C.H.S, Obada linked to the primary distributors. Market - Idi Ada Roads, Iyana Egba - Sabo [Court Area] Road, Iso Arobo – Molak Road and Oke – Ada – ❚❚ District distributors: - these roads distribute traffic Islamiyah Roads. A number of roads in the area are in within the residential and the principal business fairly good conditions but need improvement. Most of districts of the towns and the other towns in the

these roads will be widened and provided with adequate environs. They form the link between the primary Plan for Ikire Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Land Use Proposals Planning Area drainage system, while bridges that have collapsed will network and the local roads. be rehabilitated. District Plans emanating from the Structure Plan will designate sites for both interstate ❚❚ Local roads: - they are roads that distribute traffic 73 and intra urban loading/offloading of passengers and within neighborhoods and particular sectors in the goods in the towns. town.

A major development issue is the Ife-Ibadan Expressway ❚❚ Access roads: - these roads give direct access to which bisects Ikire and the Planning Area. This has building and land in the towns. significant implications for planning and management of the city’s functionality and growth. There are also Recommended projects to enhance transportation implications for the design and adoption of transpor- activities in the Planning Area include: tation systems to link the two sides of the highway in a safe and effective manner that will not restrict the ❚❚ Construction of Ring Roads, the inner ring road social interactions between different sections of the which is regarded an immediate measure and the community. outer ring road, which is a long-term proposal to accommodate future traffic and urban expansion. Also, the growth pattern for Ikire over the years has tended towards some development poles, notably ❚❚ Road Hierarchy in new residential areas to be towards along Iwo, Ikoyi, Ile-Ife and Ibadan Roads detailed out at the implementation state. The roads where new residential and commercial development are to have definite hierarchy – distributor roads, like petrol stations, worship centres and micro indus- collector streets and access roads. trial sites have been springing up. Transportation links in these areas will be upgraded and widened to accom- ❚❚ Establish and enforce parking standards and regula- modate the growing traffic. tions for offices, shopping plazas, churches, mosques, hotels, restaurants, bars and eateries; Multimodal Transport System The mostly used public transport modes in Ikire ❚❚ Encourage private sector-led development/initiative Planning Area are the mini buses with a capacity for for taxi service system in Ikire Planning Area; seven passengers each (Alake) and the commercial motor cycles (okada). The unregulated use of motor cycles is considered a menace but has become inevitable 74 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ the Structure Plan proposes thefollowing: faced with a number of security challenges. However, Ikire, like other major towns in the State of Osun, is 7.2.7 sites inthePlanning Area willbeapriority. Viewing Centre, AjagajigiRock andotherheritage and income.Thetourismpotentialsof Atamora Bird through development ofemployment opportunities heritageandboosttourism to activitiesthatsupport promoting culture ofthepeopleby allottingland willalsobechanneledtowards Efforts be preserved. like theAkire’s Palace andthevarious shrines,are to as architectural monuments and historic artifacts Historic monumentsinIkire Planning area aswell 7.2.6 ultimately thenumberofaccidents. This will reduce conflictpointsatintersectionsand areas ofallcitiesincludingIkire, Ikoyi andApomu. transitions, turningpatterns,crosswalks etcincentral aries, nopassingzones, pavement edges,roadway signs willdelineateroadway centerlines,lanebound and expanded where possible, while markings and road city centre, willbeprovided withpedestrianwalkways cycle atthe riders.Also,allmajorroads, particularly Safety standards will be enforced on commercial motor and Motorcyclists Safety ofPedestrians,Cyclists ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ operations around thecity; identification oflocations and conduct of security numbering schemeistobeimplementedenhance A comprehensive Street namingandhouse corridors. major multi-modaltransportation Integrate pedestrian,bicycle andtransitfacilitieson second order road withinthecity; streets inIkire as to15metres rightofwaytoserve Upgrade existing major traffic corridor on selected road signs andtrafficlightsonallhighways; Provide pedestrianwalkways,trafficlane-markings, at appropriate locationsonallmajorroads; bus-bays, lay-byes and pedestrian crossings (Zebra) Provide bus-stops(passenger’s shelter/interface),

Urban Safety Heritage, Cultur e andTourism - ❚ In thelightofthis,itisproposed that: emergency/preparedness plansforIkire Planning Area. development ofcommunity embark on participatory Under theStructure Plan, theState andLGAs will yet tobe adopted by bothIrewole andIsokan LGAs. Disaster risk reduction and management strategies are 7.2.8 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ment Committees; the moribundmulti-sectorialEmergency Manage in the LGAsDepartments which will also re-establish ized inIrewole andIsokan LGAs through dedicated Management (DRR/DRM)willbeinstitutional The responsibility for Risk Reduction or Risk provision ofadequateandmodernequipment. The Nigerian through the Police willbesupported mented; Oba incouncil orthevigilantegroups willbeimple suspicious activities in their areas to the police, the collaboration withthesecurityagenciesby reporting Public awareness programmes on the need for their activitiestocurrently unreached areas; financial assistancetovigilantegroups andextend The localgovernments willcontinuetoprovide lighting; All streets inthecityare tobeprovided with street attend promptly tolocalemergency a functional emergency relief warehouse that will funding andlandwillbecommittedtodeveloping ties inIrewole andIsokan LGAs whileappropriate action plans will be developed for all communi- Participatory communityemergency/preparedness problem onapermanentbasis. Plan” forIkire Planning Area thatwilladdress the mentation ofacomprehensive integrated“Drainage be conductedasthebasisforpreparation andimple flooding. Acomprehensive studyofthesituationwill One ofthenaturalhazards inIkire istheproblem of

Disaster RiskReduction - - - - 08 Structure Plan Implementation for Plan Implementation for Chapter 8: Structure Planning Area Ikire

75 STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION FOR IKIRE PLANNING AREA 76 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ mentation oftheStructure Plan forIkire are: strategies tobeconsidered toachieve effective imple- decisions affectinglanduse. In doingthis,somebasic organizations responsible formakingandinfluencing by theState Government, LocalGovernments and contained intheStructure Plan willbeimplemented government withothers.Thepolicies orinpartnership implementation, either directly by organs of the State strategic planwithlegalbackingwillberequired forits ensure thatitsstatedobjectives are achieved. Assuch,a facilitate theharnessingofallrequired resources to of an effective implementation framework that will The execution ofa Structure Plan requires theadoption Preamble 8.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ structure plan. structure forimplementationandmonitoringofthe Establishment ofamanagementbaseandregulatory finance funds; fund raisingprocedures, e.g.cooperative andmicro- Private Partnership (PPP)andCommunitybased Budgets, Nongovernmental organizations,Public Resources maybedrawnfrom Government’s Annual zation andimplementationoftheStructure Plan. offiscalpoliciesfor Articulation resources mobili in thedifferent thematicareas; process through generalandspecificcapacitybuilding uals thathave roles toplayintheimplementation Empowerment ofthevarious agenciesandindivid- reforms andinstitutionalframework required; Formulation of Policy and legal land use standard nance andHeritage; Local Economic Development, Urban Safety Gover- Slums, Environment, Gender, Basic Urban Services, to implementation of policies relating toShelter and approaches Adoption ofintegratedandparticipatory

- ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ put inplace: Structure Plan, thefollowing strategicmeasures willbe In order toachieve theproposals containedintheIkire 8.1.1 of Ikire Structure Plan isasshown in Table 8.1below. The proposed phasingschedulefortheimplementation agencies inpreparing theirannualdevelopment plans. (2024-2033) scenarios. This will assist government 2018), mediumterm(2019-2023)andlong have therefore term(2014- beenclassifiedintoshort proposal. Theproposed phasesofthe Structure Plan flexibility andpracticableimplementationofthe considerationhasbeengiven for importance, For effective phasingoftheplaninorder ofpriority out jointlyby technocratsand otherstakeholders. tion ofthedevelopment projects. Thisistobecarried strategies wouldbeadoptedtoensure effective execu review oftheStructure Plan anditsimplementation progressively over theperiod.Afive year periodic years period2014-2033anditwillbeimplemented The planninghorizon for Ikire Structure Plan isthe20 8.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ isation oftheStructure Plan. in providing framework fortheactual- theregulatory Involvement ofgovernment agencies andparastatals Strict complianceandenforcement ofregulations; infrastructure; in fundingandprovision ofbothphysicalandsocial Encouragement of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) development inaccordance withtheStructure Plan; Continuous monitoringandupdatingofthephysical schemes; Preparation of detailed land use plans and layout

Structure Plan Strategic Implementationofthe Phasing OfIkir e Structure Plan -

TABLE 8.1 Phasing of Ikire Structure Plan (2014-2033)

Short Term Medium Term Long Term Projects (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033)

POLICIES AND PLANS √ √ √

Establish a new administrative structure for urban governance including planning, resource mobilization and administration √ in State of Osun with clear roles for urban planning and management.

Formulate and adopt the necessary legal, policy and land use standards and institutional frame-work for efficient √

administration of planning in the state.

Formulate acquisition plan for designated land for various land use proposals including housing, commerce, industry, √ √ √ parks and gardens, recreational facilities, health and education facilities.

Enforce planning standards and control development in relation to set-back, air-space and ventilation to promote a √ √ √ healthy and safe living environment

Reconciliation of contiguous schemes by Irewole and Isokan √ LGAs for effective implementation

Adoption of Affirmative Action and Domestication of CEDAW Plan Implementation for Chapter 8: Structure Planning Area Ikire √ in State of Osun

Formulate and adopt State of Osun Strategy for pro-poor √ 77 access to land ownership

Adopt and implement State of Osun Strategy for Funding Structure Plan and harness donors’ funds and DFIs for √ √ √ development.

Adopt Strategy for Mainstreaming safety measures into urban √ design management.

Capacity building for environmental health, town planning and land services departments in Irewole and Isokan LGAs for √ effective performance.

ACTION PLANS:

SHELTER AND SLUMS Adopt and implement Action plan for √ √ √ Redevelopment of the Ikire CBD

Review and implementation of plans for existing residential √ √ schemes in Ikire and Apomu

Development of low cost housing scheme as well as sites and √ √ √ services scheme in Ikoyi

Allocation of sites and development of private residential √ √ √ Layouts in Ikire and Apomu

Extension of Urban renewal programme to Apomu and Ikoyi √ √ √

Adopt and implement Action plan for providing essential √ √ √ infrastructure and basic services in Approved Layouts

Adopt and implement Landscape improvement plan for parks, √ √ Gardens, Recreational Facilities in Ikire 78 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Construction ofminiwaterDamsforportable Association Establishment ofIkire, ApomuandIkoyiUrbanSecurity such asJegede,Aba-Owu,Aladami Rehabilitation ofRuralroad linkingIkire, ApomuandIkoyi Reconstruction ofMolarere Road Allocation oflandforAgro-Allied industriesin Construction ofmechanicvillageinApomuandIkoyi ones atIkire, ApomuandIkoyi Provision ofnewmotorparksandrehabilitation ofexisting Provision ofwastedisposalfacilitiesinIkire, ApomuandIkoyi light, street lightetc). Federal, StateandLocalRoads(ROW, drains,markings,traffic Adopt andimplementTransportation improvement plansfor Construction ofpublicCemeteryinIkire, ApomuandIkoyi in Ikire PlanningArea Provision ofparkingspacesinMarketsandotherpublicplaces Conservation ofEcologicalSites. Adopt andimplementActionplanforErosion Control and Demolition ofhousesonfloodplainsinIkire, ApomuandIkoyi ENVIRONMENT Construction ofaGeneralhospitalatApomuandIkoyi MarketsinIrewoleModern andIsokanLGAs Rehabilitation ofexistingmarketsandprovision ofadditional Provision ofstreet lightsinIkire, Apomu,andIkoyi Provision ofpublictoiletsinspacesIkire, infrastructure and basicservicesinApproved Layouts Adopt andimplementActionplanforproviding essential Allocation oflandforOsunO’Beefmarketsin Establishment ofYouth trainingandskillacquisitioncentres. Rehabilitation ofruralroads inIkire PlanningArea LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT and disaggregation ofdatabygender collection, monitoringandevaluationreview ofStructure Establish UrbanObservatoryinIkire PlanningArea fordata Suburban ElectricitysupplyExtension Apomu andIkoyi supply inIkire, Apomu andIkoyi in newlydevelopedareas inIkire PlanningArea Provision ofschools(PrimaryandSecondary) BASIC URBANSERVICES Irewole andIsokanLGAs Apomu, Ikire andIkoyi generation inIkire, ApomuandIkoyi Develop andimplementsystemforstreet addressing, revenue √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Adopt and implement Comprehensive Solid waste √ √ √ Management plan for Ikire with identification of sanitary waste disposal sites

Enforcement of sanitation and physical planning regulations √ √ √

Dredging of Rivers And Streams Channels in Ikire to include √ √ Olufirin, Mongimongi

PROJECTS

Development of Atamora Bird viewing Centre in Wasimi, and √ √ √ Ajagajigi Hills in Ikoyi as tourism centres

Renovation and maintenance of heritage sites √ √ 8.2 8.3 RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR

FINANCING OF STRUCTURE PLAN STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

In order to achieve effective and smooth implemen- Effective implementation of the Structure Plan requires tation of any plan or project, the development of a an intergraded approach that will involve both the financing structure that would assist in the mobilization government and the other stakeholders. The establish- of funds will be of vital importance. Adequate funding ment of a strong Institutional framework is therefore is to be made available in the yearly budget of the state very important to achieving the designed objectives of government to accommodate the proposed phasing the Structure Plan. Figure 8.1 shows the organization

activities. In addition, the government is to make avail- structure for the implementation of the Structure Plan. Plan Implementation for Chapter 8: Structure Planning Area Ikire able all necessary operational and logistics support for the implementation. These will involve adoption of Structure Plan Implementation Committee (PIC). programmes to encourage private investment through For efficient and effective implementation and 79 public-private-partnership arrangements, collabora- management of the plan, a Project Implementation tion with non-governmental organisations and support Committee (PIC) comprising both government and from international donor funding institutions. key stakeholders, which will allow for a participatory approach in the implementation process should be put 8.2.1 Sources of Funding in place. Membership will include the following:

The success of this structure Plan is anchored on ❚❚ The Executive Governor of the State, who will be the appropriate funding and allocation of resources from Chairman of the Committee government and private initiatives. This will include mobilization of resources from the following: ❚ Honourable Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development (MLPPUD) ❚❚ The Government of the State of Osun ❚❚ The Permanent Secretary, MLPPUD ❚❚ Irewole and Isokan Local Governments ❚❚ The Director of Town Planning, MLPPUD ❚❚ Partnerships, such as: ❚❚ The Surveyor General of the State • Donations ❚❚ The Director of Lands, MLPPUD • Public Private Partnerships (PPP) ❚❚ A Director from each of the following State Minis- • Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) arrangements tries: Agriculture; Finance; Health; Education; Environment and Works and Transport • Build Operate and Own (BOO) arrangements ❚❚ A Chairman from one of the Local Governments in • International Donor Agencies the Structure Plan Area

• Corporate organizations and private Individuals 80 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE8.1OrganisationalStructure forImplementationoftheStructure Plan tion andtheorganized private Sector. Governments, CBOs,NGOs, thetraditionalinstitu relevant State Ministries of Local and departments ensure and coordinationeffective participation of all would doubleasProgramme officer, beappointedto It isproposed thataChief Technical Adviser, who Committee (PF&PC). be considered by theProgramme Finance andPolicy tation. It willalsoprovide annualbudgetestimatesto work plansandreview theprogramme forimplemen The basistoapprovePIC willmeetonaquarterly ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Government level: Directors from thefollowing attheLocal Departments ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Two representatives ofthecommunity Urban renewal Agencyand Finance, Budget andAdministration Town Planning Permit authority Works andtransport Education Public health Community Development Monitoring & Evaluation Enlightenment GOVERNOR OFTHESTATEOSUN STRUCTURE PLANIMPLEMENTATION THE PROGRAMMEFINANCEAND THE CHIEFTECHNICALADVISER/ POLICY COMMITTEE(PF&PC) PROGRAMME OFFICER - - COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN Operational ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ ❚ ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ HonourableCommissioner ❚ ❚ will includethefollowing: stakeholders down tothegrassroots. Thiscommittee lative armsofgovernment of aswell asthesupport will require theinputofbothexecutive andlegis (PF&PC): Theimplementationofthe Structure Plan The Programme Finance and Policy Committee HonourableCommissioner HonourableCommissioner ❚ ❚ Chairman, Budget CommitteeoftheState Assembly Planning andUrban Development Chairman The Deputy Governor ofthe State Communication forWomenAffairs forJustice

forHealth forEnvironment forFinance forLands,Physical for Works for Lands

and Transport - ❚❚ Chairman, Local Government Service Commission ❚❚ Representative of the Head of Service 8.4 PROCEDURE FOR PLANNING ❚❚ Auditor General of the State APPROVAL AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL ❚❚ Auditors General of participating Local Governments

❚❚ The Secretary to the State Government - Secretary The department responsible for Plan Approval and This committee will approve the annual budget for the Development Control is the Planning Permit Authority project and give policy direction for implementation of (PPA) located in the State MLPPUD. The PPA would the project. The Honourable Commissioner of Lands, establish District Planning Permit Offices (DPPO) and Physical Planning and Urban Development will be Local Planning Permit Offices (LPPO) at the Local custodian and overall manager of the Structure Plan Government Level. These authorities and offices are to Project. process plans for approval and monitor developments in the state. The Chief Technical Adviser/Programme Officer:

The responsibilities of Chief Technical Adviser/ Programme Officer will include the following: ❚❚ Advisory, managerial and technical support to the 8.5 MLPPUD, the Planning Permit Authority and the CAPACITY BUILDING Urban Renewal Agency,

❚❚ Provision of work plans, Training and re-training of human resources is vital to ❚❚ Monitoring and evaluation of work done, the growth of any organization. Potentials of staff are to

be fully harnessed for the successful implementation, Plan Implementation for Chapter 8: Structure Planning Area Ikire ❚❚ Preparation of quarterly and annual project reports, enforcement and monitoring of the plan.

❚❚ Liaison with the Ministry and participating agencies The capacities of the offices of state MLPPUD and 81 to prepare all necessary documentation for the Plan Permit Authority are to be enhanced through consideration of the PIC and PF&PC. regular training. The PPO at the Local Government Level and DPPO at the district level will need to be strengthened through provision of equipment and training of staff. This will ensure that applications for permit are processed and approved within a specified time to facilitate development. The capacity needs have been identified in various sections of this plan. Table 8.2 below shows some of identified capacity building preferences. 82 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project multilateral institutionswouldbeexplored. non-governmental organizationsaswell asbilateraland State Government andcooperationof where necessary transparency. Technical wouldbesoughtby the support procedure mustbeguidedwithvigor, commitmentand Government andotherstakeholders.Implementation would involve thegeneralcooperation oftheState Sustainable implementationoftheStructure Plan IMPLEMENTATION SUSTAINABILITY OFPLAN 8.6 TABLE 8.2Capacitybuildingactivities(2014-2033) climate change,deforestation, pollution,floodingetc Workshops onDisasterManagement,securityissues, level toengagetheirLGsforeffective governance. FBOs, CBOsandCBAsthatwillassistpeopleatthegrassroots Creating awareness anddevelopingthecapacityofNGOs, and retrieval andurbaninfomanagement Application ofGISinlandusePlanning,informationstorage Development process control, monitoringandEvaluation Land tenure securityforthelandincome Gender inDevelopmentalprocess transparency andaccountability Participatory approaches tourbanplanningmanagement, Proposed capacitybuildingprogramme REVIEW OFSTRUCTUREPLAN MONITORING EVALUATION AND 8.7 mance, evaluation andreview from timetotime. responsibility- fordeveloping indicatorsforplanperfor arises. Theproject implementationcommitteewould when the need for such developmentsparticularly Structure Plan forIkire Planning Area andenvirons, plansandprojects toinputnew intothe be necessary expected in anymonitoringand review exercise, itmay oftheplanisadopted.Asmaybe of theperformance monitoringscheduleandanannualreview quarterly the planfrom timetotime.It isrecommended thata formonitoring,evaluation and reviewopportunities of toprovideemerging scenarios,itwouldbenecessary For theStructure Plan torespond effectively to (2014-2018) Short Term √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Medium Term (2019-2023) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ (2024-2033) Long Term

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ 09 Appendix

83 APPENDIX 1 84 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 16 city, on several issues identified intheprofile studiesonthe mettodeliberate tions, themediaandcivilservants security agencies,youths, non-gov ment associations,women’s groups, tradeassociations, including traditionalinstitutions,communitydevelop comprising representativ the CityofIkir We theindigenes,residents andstakeholdersin Held onTuesday 16 as follows: Agreed onseveral criticalthematicissuesand resolved in-depthdiscussions; further dividedintofoursyndicategroups for participants elaborate technicalpresentations ofkeyissueswith Acknowledge thattheCityConsultationfeatured city; groups towards contributing to the development of the engagementofferedfor constructive toallstakeholder particular, appreciated theparticipants theopportunity approach adoptedfortheexercise. Inparticipatory and environs fortheStructure Plan Project andthe Programme (UNHABITAT), theselectionofIkire Osun andtheUnited Nations Human Settlements Appreciate the collaboration between theState of political development ofthestate andthenation; role inthepromotion ofsocial,cultural, economicand Note thehistoricalantecedentsofIkire anditspivotal and environs, we dohereby agree andstatethatwe: path forthesustainablefuture development ofIkire the CityProfile studiestowards determiningthebest After deliberatingexhaustively ontheissuesraisedin ❚ DEVELOPMENT: SLUMS, LOCALECONOMIC URBAN PLANNING,SHELTERAND ON PREPARATIONOFSTRUCTUREPLANFORIKIREANDENVIRONS,STATEOSUN ❚ Commend the efforts ofthe Commend the efforts State Government in th July, 2013. at theCityConsultationheldinIkire on Tuesday MINISTRY OFLANDS,PHYSICALPLANNING e andenvir AND URBANDEVELOPMENT THE IKIRECITYCONSULTATIONDECLARATION th es ofvarious groups inthecity July, 2013 ons, theState ofOsun, ernmental organisa - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ around the town. extension oftheprogramme toperi-urbanareas through the O-Renewal programme andurgean the associatedsocio-economicbenefits. ered toregister their Title Deeds toenablethemreap state, stakeholdersshouldbesensitized andempow izing theLandInformation System (O-LIS)inthe In line with thecurrent towards efforts computer the state. implementation oftheadoptedStructure Plans for Bill fortheState ofOsun, togive legalmuscletothe final passageofthe Urban and Regional Planning Urge theState Government toexpedite action onthe to: implemented andrespected, includingtakingsteps for theorderly development ofIkire andenvirons are measures toensuresary thatplansandregulations Urge theState Government ofOsun toadoptneces Ikire andenvirons. for LandUse Planning andorderly development of discourage landspeculationtoensure landavailability Urge theState Government toadoptstrategies carrying outtherene carrying • • • • begins planning authoritiesbefore construction residential layouts andbuildingsfrom physical Ensure thatdevelopers obtainapproval for already acquired landintheIkire town Ensure provision of low cost housing on the social housingforthepoor Facilitate accesstolandandpromote accessto sary; the removal ofillegalstructures where neces housing andassociatedinfrastructure aswell as Facilitate the provision plots, of serviced wal ofinnerar eas ofthecity - - - - • Pass Legislation to enforce the construction of ❚❚ Ensure the achievement of affirmative action in toilets in all houses occupation of leadership positions in all sectors

• Create incentives for private investments in ❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State government in agricultural value-added Small and Medium developing and restoring Heritage sites in the town Scale Enterprises (SMEs) ❚❚ Urge the State Government to to exploit the exten- • Provide modern markets and rehabilitate sive tourism potentials associated with the state’s rich existing ones to facilitate local economic cultural heritage by upgrading all heritage sites to growth in Ikire and environs; further boost tourism in the town

• Develop business incubators for Youths with BASIC URBAN SERVICES AND innovative business ideas. TRANSPORTATION

• Facilitate access to credit by informal sector ❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government operators through innovative approaches towards the delivery of Basic Urban Services, notably through measures to improve of potable water, URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND electricity supply, provision of educational services INFRASTRUCTURE: and delivery of health care services to all, especially children, women and the elderly; ❚❚ Commend the efforts at ensuring regular refuse S ❚

collection and urge the tate Government to ❚ Urge the State Government to further accelerate its Appendix sustain the efforts and provide safe solid waste efforts towards the provision of adequate basic urban disposal sites to meet the needs of the growing services, including decent education, health, water population of Ikire and environs as well as supply, parks and recreation for all areas of Ikire and 85 promote safe disposal of wastes from hospitals environs etc, include the following;

❚❚ Commend the state government’s efforts towards • Promote Public-Private Partnership in the combating flooding and erosion. However, Govern- provision and management of basic urban ment is urged to embark on the channelization of services and build the capacity of agencies and rivers in the city and the reconstruction of broken civil society organisations down drainage channels • Commence provision of potable water for the ❚❚ Urge the State Government to: three towns (Ikire, Apomu and Ikoyi);

• commence dredging of rivers especially • Complete the abandoned Ikire hospital and Oluofinrin, Oduduwa and other locations provide it with adequate security; as required to eliminate flooding and related incidents; • Construct a hospital at Ikoyi;

• Empower Planning Agencies to prevent • Facilitate coordination of activities and build building on flood plains, steep slopes and capacity among operatives of safety agencies to waste sites promote urban safety and risk reduction

GENDER, GOVERNANCE AND HERITAGE ❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government towards enhancing urban mobility, notably through ❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State government in the upgrading and rehabilitation of roads in Ikire, enhancing the status of women and vulnerable the O-Renewal Programme and other schemes to groups in the State of Osun; promote an integrated and coordinated multi-nodal transportation in the town, including: ❚❚ Urge the State Government to take appropriate steps to further improve women’s access to opportunities and resources for wealth creation 86 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ Consultation, this16 This isthe Declaration ofstakeholdersatthe Ikire City tion ofthisDeclaration. totheimplementa- our fullcommitmentandsupport holders present attheIkire CityConsultation,pledge We theundersigned,asrepresentatives ofallStake ❚ Signed by: ❚ ❚ ❚ …………………………… Local Government Chairman: social welfare oftheState ofOsun repair ofallurbanroads, tofacilitateeconomicand Further urgetheState Government toacceleratethe …………………………… Representative of Traditional rulers • • tariat roads etc; Construction of new roads ofnew atMolarere,Construction Secre be closertotheIfe/Ibadan road; Provision ofMotor parks atIkire, whichmust th dayofJuly, 2013.

: - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ……………………………… Representative ofReligious Groups : ……………………………… Representative of Trade Groups : ……………………………… Representative of Youths : ……………………………… Representative of Women Groups : ..………………………… Representative ofNGOs : ……………………….…. Representative ofCSOs : …………………………… Representative : ofMinistry ………………………….. Representative ofCommunity Associations

: 10 Appendix

87 APPENDIX 2 88 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project SYNDICATE SESSIONS:SUMMARY OFOUTCOMES CRITICAL ISSUES IKIRE PLANNINGAREA:SUMMARY OF GROUP 1 GROUP 2 2 1 GROUP 3 1 3 2 1 ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN PLANNING,SHELTER ANDSLUMS,LOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMENT ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN ENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE Development Local Economic Shelter andslums ISSUES DISCUSSED GENDER- GOVERNANCE-HERITAGE Urban Environment Sites Heritage andHistoric Governance Gender DECISIONS REACHED DECISIONS REACHED • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DECISIONS REACHED • • • • • • • • Heritage sitesshouldbeprotected andrenovated • • • • • • There isneedforestablishmentofacattlemarket. There isneedforprovision ofsilosforfarmerspreservation offarmproducts; Creation ofmore industriesisrequired; shouldmaketractorsavailableandorganisetrainingforfarmers; Government There isneedforrehabilitation ofroads tolinkfarmsettlements; There isneedforconstructionofmechanicsvillage; Provision marketsrequired ofultramodern toprevent roadside trading; buildings before constructionbegins Physical planningauthoritiesshouldensure thatdevelopersobtainapproval for development starts All developmentlandshouldbelaidoutandapproved before bygovernment Provision ofrecreation centres inallthree town. Department before development; Provision oflayoutplanwhichshouldbeapproved bytheTown Planning Provision oflowcosthousingonthealready acquired landin theIkire town; All housesbuiltwithinsetbacksofriversshouldbedemolished All dilapidatedstructures shouldbedemolishedbytheirowners; The existingIkoyiMotorParkisnotuptostandard andshouldbeupgraded; night markets; There isneedforprovision ofstreet lightatIkoyiandApomuespeciallyforthe pollution andputanendtoholdingpartiesonroads; There isneedforpassingoflawsbythelegislativeCounciltoreduce noise Buildings withinriversetbacksshouldbedemolished; Provision ofdrainagechannelsforallstreams andwaterroutes isrequired; There isneedfordredging ofriversespeciallyOlufinrin,Oduduwa; the environment; shouldrestoreGovernment PublicHealthInspectorstomonitorthecleaningof Legislation shouldbepassedtoenforce theconstructionoftoiletsinallhouses and peoplechargedfortheiruse; There isneedforprovision ofpublictoiletsatmarkets,parksandschools charge; andevacuatedevery3dayswithpaymentofN200monthly government There isneedforprovision ofwastedisposalcontainerstobeprovided bythe Women shouldoccupyatleast35%ofoffices atthehelmofaffairs; Women shouldbesupportedtogetmore involvedinpolitics; basic urbanservices. Need forimprovement structures withprovision ofgovernance concerned of by government. Payment ofcompensationforthepeoplethathavetheirbuildingsdemolished shouldestablishmoreGovernment industryforyouths There isneedforprovision ofloansandtrainingforwomen; BASIC URBAN SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION GROUP 4 ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED

1 Basic Urban Services • There is need for new transformer for the three towns; (Education, health, • There is need for provision of portable water for the three towns (Ikire, Apomu water and energy) and Ikoyi); • The abandoned Ikire hospital should be completed and provide with adequate security; • There is need for a hospital at Ikoyi; • There is need for provision of girls high school and polythechnic; • There is need for provision of public library; • There is need for employment of more teachers, both at the primary and secondary schools; • Government should differentiate the school uniforms with colours; • There is need for provision of more higher institutions; • There is need for construction of orphanage home; • The General Hospital should be completed; • Provision of public toilet at markets, parks and in all public spaces. • Government should take care of the pregnant women by employing Resident Doctors in the hospitals; • There is need for provision of potable water; • All the projects embarked by the government should be evenly distributed within the three towns

4 Urban Mobility • There is need for provision of parks at Ikire, which must be closer to the Ife/ Ibadan road; • There is need for construction of new roads at Molarere, Secretariat roads etc; • There is need to provide training for Okada riders to improve safety of passengers ; Appendix

89 90 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 11 Appendix

91 APPENDIX 3 92 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project STANDARDS RECOMMENDED LANDUSEDESIGN TABLE 2 TABLE 1 Special density High density Medium density Low density Multiple-Family Dwellings High density Medium density Low density Semi-detached andRowhousing High density Medium density Low density Bungalow (detached) Industrial Public andsemi-publicuses(schools,clinics,worshippingplaces,cemeteries,etc) Roads andstreets (right-of-way) Parks, playgrounds andotherorganizedopenspaces(recreation) Local/neighborhood commercial (market)area Residential (dwellingplots) Land Use Types ofDwellings RecommendedDensitiesforResidentialDevelopments NeighborhoodLandUseEstimates No ofdwellingsper 24 –more hectares 20 –24 18 –20 16 –18 14 –16 12 –14 10 –12 8 –10 6 –8 4 –5 Gross Density No ofpersonsper 200 –more 180 –299 160 –180 140 –160 hectares 60 –70 50 –60 40 –50 60 –80 50 –60 40 –50 No ofdwellingper 40 –more hectares 36 –40 32 –36 28 –32 24 –28 20 –24 16 –20 12 –16 8 –12 6 –8 Percentage ofDevelopedArea Net Density 15 –20 15 –20 10 –12 50 –60 3 –4 7-10 No ofpersons per hectares 360 –more 320 –360 280 –320 240 –280 180 –240 160 –180 130 –160 100 –130 70 –100 60 –70 TABLE 3 Floor Area Requirements by Sizes of Families

Minimum No. of Floor area in Floor area in Family size habitable of rooms sq meter minimum sq meter desirable

4 2 40 50

6 3 50 70

8 4 65 85

10 5 82 100

12 6 95 120

TABLE 4 Recommended Minimum Plot Area for Different Types of Housing

Minimum plot in sq. meter Types of Residential Development Row House Detached Housing Semi-detached Housing

Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and 240 160 120 improvement of sub-standard area

Low-cost housing in urban areas 360 240 180

Normal housing development 500 333 250 93

TABLE 5 Recommended Maximum Plot Coverage

Maximum percentage plot coverage Row House Types of Residential Development Detached Housing Semi-detached Housing

Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement 50 65 65 of sub-standard areas

Low-cost housing in urban area 50 60 65

Normal housing developments 40 50 60

TABLE 6 Minimum Set-Backs of Dwellings from Plot Lines

Minimum set-back in metres Types of Residential Development Front Side Rear

Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 3 3 3 sub-standard areas

Low-cost housing 4.5 3 3

Normal housing development 6 3 3 94 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 11RecommendedWidthsofRoadsinCommercial Area TABLE 10RecommendedSet-BacksofCommercial Property Linesfrom Centre LinesofAbuttingStreets TABLE 9RecommendedlandAllocationinaCommercial Area/Market TABLE 8Percentage Area DevotedtoCommercial DevelopmentbySizeofTown TABLE 7MinimumDistancebetweenanyTwo Buildings,Backto Banks Commercial establishments Type ofRoad Department stores Markets Convenience shops Development Types ofcommercial Other uses Streets, walks,parkinglotsetc Utilities, servicesandfacilities Organized openspaces Shops/Stalls Land Use Large Medium Small Size ofTown Normal housingdevelopment Low-cost housing Rehabilitation ofslumdwellersandimprovement ofsub-standard areas Types ofResidentialDevelopment Path (walk) Local Commercial Road Minor Commercial Road Major Commercial Road 50,000 –250,000 Above 250,000 Below 50,000 Population Major street 15 –20 15 –20 12 –15 Carriageway - - Commercial area aspercentage oftotaldevelopedarea 12 15 3 9 Width inmetres Collector street 15 –20 12 –15 12 –15 12 -15 - Percentage ofDevelopedArea Set-back inmetres Minimum Distanceinmetres Right-of-way 22 24 18 6 Local street 9 –12 9 –12 - - - 4.5 –6.5 3.0 –4.5 2.0 –3.0 10 –12 15 –20 10 –15 15 –20 30 –40 4.5 6 6 TABLE 12 Number of Parking spaces per Gross Hectare of Commercial Development

Type of commercial development No. of parking spaces per hectare of site area

Market

Minor 15 – 25

Major 25 – 30

Department Stores

Small 25 – 30

Large 30 – 45

Commercial Offices 25 – 30

Banks 30 – 45

TABLE 13 Recommended Land use Standard in Industrial Area/Estates

Land Use Percentage of Developed Area

Work sheds 50 – 55

Organized open space 10 – 15

Utilities, services and facilities 20 – 25

Roads, parking lot etc. 15 – 20

Other uses 5 – 10

TABLE 14 Recommended Set-Backs for Industrial Property Lines from Centre-Lines of Roads 95

Set-backs in metres Types of Road Minimum Desirable

Highway 24 30

Major Road 18 21

Collector Road 15 18

Access Street 12 15

TABLE 15 Recommended Width of Carriageway in Industrial Area/Estates

Width of Carriageway in metres Types of Road Minimum Desirable

Highway 15.0 18.0

Major Road 13.2 15.0

Collector Road 10.8 12.6

Access Street 9.0 10.8 96 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 18DesirableSiteAreas forHealth Facilities TABLE 17PopulationtobeservedbyeachType ofFacilityandRadiusCatchmentArea TABLE 16Set-BacksofPetrol FillingBaysfrom Centre-Lines ofAbuttingRoads Health office Dispensary home Maternity Health centre Specialized hospital District hospital General hospital Central orStatehospital Types ofhealthyfacility Types ofhealthfacilities Other Road Collector Road Major Road Within CityLimits Trunk ‘C’Road Trunk ‘B’Road Trunk ‘A’ Road Outside CityLimits Types ofabuttingroad Central orStatehospital General hospital District hospital Health centre Maternity home Maternity Dispensary Health office Population tobeserved ½ million–1 150,000 –300,000 100,000 –150,000 10,000 –15,000 15,000 –20,000 20,000 –30,000 30,000 –50,000 Served theentire populationofthestate Set-back inmetre from thecentre lineoftheroad Minimum 2.5 0.5 2.5 40 20 6 2 Site Area inHectares Radius ofcatchmentarea inKm. 70 –100 10 –15 15 –20 40 –60 30 –40 2 –3 4 –7 Desirable 2.5 50 24 10 4 1 4 15 21 30 20 25 30 TABLE 19 Quantity of Potable Water to be supplied to a Community for Various Purposes

Quantity of water to be supplied in litre per capital per day Purpose Minimum Desirable

Domestic 72 100

Commercial 16 30

Industrial 14 50

Civic 12 20

Total 114 200

TABLE 20 Space Standards for Services

Services Population to be served Site area in hectares Site coverage

Post and Telegraph

Central post office More than 750,000 0.65 – 10

Post office 750,000 – 50,000 0.35 – 5.0 30% - 331/2%

Sub-Post office 50,000 – 25,000 0.18 – 2.5 30% -331/2%

Agency 25,000 – 10,000 0.625 30% - 331/2%

Telephone Exchange

Line per 1,000 Population

Large Towns 5 – 10 7.5 30% - 331/2% Medium Size Towns 2 – 3 5.0 30% -331/2% 97 Small Towns 1 – 2 2.5 30% - 331/2%

One Fire Station to serve 3.75 – 50 hectares per Fire Stations 25% - 30% 25,000 – 50,000 population fire station

TABLE 21 Recommended Widths of Streets in Residential Areas

Types of Street Width in Metre Carriage-Way Right-of-Way

Major residential street 15 30

Collector street 12 24

Local residential street 9 18

Lop (crescent) street, cull-de-sac (dead-end) 8 15 street or close

Path (walk) 3 6 98 Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 23MinimumDimensionsfortheDesignofParkingfacilities(Drive-inLayout) Parking ononeSide TABLE 22NumberofCarstobeParkedalongCurbsperFurlongatDifferent Anglesof1Curb TABLE 22DesignStandard forElementsofVarious Types ofRoads Pedestrian walk Cycle Track Cul-de-sac Service Street Local Street Secondary road Angle ofcurbparking Major road 90 45 30 60 180 0 0 0 0 Width ofstall (Perpendicular) (Angle) (Angle) (Angle) 0 (Parallel) in metres 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 carriage lanes Angle ofisle Number of 3 ormore parking 2 –3 3 –4 90 60 45 30 90 60 45 30 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number ofcarspacesperfurlongroad carriage wayin Width ofIsle 10 ormore in metres Width of 10 –13.2 1.8 –3.0 1.8 –2.4 7.2 –10 metres 7.2 7.2 8.0 6.0 3.6 3.6 8.0 7.0 3.6 3.6 30 50 45 35 40 Width ofright perpendicular Depth ofstall 20 ormore of wayin to Islesin 12 –16 16 –20 metres 3 –4.5 metre 7.0 6.5 6.0 4.5 1.8 2.0 6.0 5.0 12 12 parallel toIsle Width ofstall curve inM. Minimum radius of in metre vertical 2.5 3.3 3.6 6.0 2.4 3.0 3.6 5.0 30 45 60 75 Dimension (metre) 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 depth inmetre Minimum safe sight distance Unit parking in M. 21.0 21.0 16.0 14.0 130 65 65 90 21 20 16 14 TABLE 24 Number of Car Parking Spaces

Types of development Number of car parking spaces

Residential

Low density areas 6-8 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development

Medium density areas 8-12 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development

High density areas 12-16 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development

On an average two cars for each dwelling unit

Shopping and commercial centres

Regional 3 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage

Major 2 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage

Minor 1 car space per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage

Shops 1 car space to every 10sq of gross floor space

Industrial Premises 3 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of industrial floor space, or

1 car space to every 7-10 employees

Administration Areas 4 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of administrative floor space; or

1 car space for every 30sq. m. of gross floor space

Hotels 1 car parking space to every 5-8 bed rooms

Hospitals 1 car parking space to every 4 to 5 beds

Cinemas and Theatres 1 car parking space to every 15-20 seats

Restaurants 1 car parking space to 10-15 seats

Churches and Mosques 1 car parking space to 10-15 worshippers 99

TABLE 25 Standards for Playgrounds

Game Area Dimensions Clearance in metres

Types of Game in metres Sides Ends

Football 45 x 90.0 6 9

Netball 15 x 30 2.5 3

Basket Ball 14.0 x 26.0 2.5 3

Volley Ball 9.0 x 18 2.5 3

Lawn Tennis

Single 15.0 x 24 3.0 6

Double 10.8 x 24 2 6

Tennis Court 8.0 x 21 1.8 3

Hockey 55.0 x 92 3 5

Cricket 126 x 126

Wicket 20m apart 6 6

Badminton Singles 5.1 x 13.5 1.8 3

Doubles 6 x 13.5 1.8 3

Table Tennis 1.5 x 2.7 1.2 1.8

Polo 18. x 288 9.0 15

Rugby 560 x 100.0 10.0 20 100

Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 26Standards forSocio-CulturalActivityAreas 100 visitor/patrons parking spacesper Number ofcar Site Coverage Site area inhectares areas inkm Radius ofservice facility served byaunit Population tobe Particulars 10,000-25,000 Community 30% -35% 0.5 –0.75 Centre 4 –6 1 –2 5,000-15,000 25% -33% Mosque Church/ 0.5 -1.0 5 –8 1 –2 Public Library 25,000-50,000 30% -35% 1.0 –2.0 0.5 –1 4 –6 50,000-100,000 30% -35% Museum 2.0 –4.0 1.11 –2 5 –8 50,000-100,000 Burial ground Cemetery 1.0 –3.0 2.5 –5 ------5 –8 101 Unprecedented population and spatial growth experienced over the past half Century in the State of Osun, South West Nigeria, has resulted in various undesired conditions in its cities. These include haphazard and uncoordinated physical development, overcrowding and congestion within inner city neighborhoods, inadequate provision of infrastructure and services, as well as deteriorating social and environmental conditions, which make the cities generally unsustainable and unable to support the state’s development objectives anchored on its Six-Point Integral Action Plan.

The Osun Structure Plans Project was therefore initiated to address the challenges of unsustainable urbanization using the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology and also guide the development of the nine largest cities over the next 20 years, as a follow-up to the ongoing ‘O-Renewal’ regeneration programme for core areas in these cities.

The Structure Plan for Ikire and Environs seeks to build capacity and aid strategic decision- making with main focus on setting the broad structure for the direction of future growth of the city, taking account of topographical, environmental and socio-economic constraints and considerations; providing for the co-ordination of present and future commercial activities and public services as well as proposing a staged urban development strategy within growth corridors to maximize efficiency in the provision of key infrastructure and services.

HS/049/15E ISBN Number(Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number:(Volume) 978-92-1-132668-0

UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME P.O.Box 30030,Nairobi 00100,Kenya; Tel: +254-20-7623120; [email protected]