DOCSLIB.ORG

Informe Mamíferos Marinos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Informe Mamíferos Marinos 0 Primer Taller Regional de Evaluación del Estado de Conservación de Especies para el Mar Patagónico según criterios de la Lista Roja de UICN: MAMÍFEROS MARINOS. Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA – 2016 Fecha del informe: Enero 2019 Results of the 2016 IUCN Regional Red List Workshop for Species of the Patagonian Sea: MARINE MAMMALS. Last version of the repor: January 2019 Con el apoyo de: 1 EXPERTOS: Pablo Bordino Aquamarina - Argentina Claudio Campagna Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Program Enrique Crespo Centro Nacional Patagónico (CONICET) - Argentina Marta Hevia Fundación Cethus - Argentina Mariano Sironi Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas - Argentina José Truda Palazzo Núcleo de Educación y Monitoreo Ambiental (NEMA) - Brasil Juan Capella Fundación Yubarta - Chile Maritza Sepúlveda Martínez CIGREN, Universidad de Valparaíso - Chile Valentina Franco-Trecu Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República - Uruguay Diana Szteren Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República - Uruguay COLABORADOR: M. Iñiguez. EXPERTOS IUCN: Beth Polidoro y Gina Ralph. REVISION Y EDICIÓN: M. Shope y V. Falabella CITA: Foro para la Conservación del Mar Patagónico y áreas de influencia, 2019. Informe del Primer Taller Regional de Evaluación del Estado de Conservación de Especies para el Mar Patagónico según criterios de la Lista Roja de UICN - 2016: Mamíferos Marinos. V. Falabella & C. Campagna (Eds). Citation: Forum for the Conservation of the Patagonian Sea, 2019. Report of the IUCN Regional Red List First Workshop for Species of the Patagonian Sea - 2016: Marine Mammals. V. Falabella & C. Campagna (Eds). DISEÑO Y ARTE: Victoria Zavattieri Wildlife Conservation Society 2 INDICE: Pontoporia blainvillei Cephalorhynchus commersonii Cephalorhynchus eutropia 24 Delphinus delphis Globicephala melas Grampus griseus 46 Lagenorhynchus australis Lagenorhynchus cruciger 58 Lagenorhynchus obscurus Lissodelphis peronii 68 Orcinus orca Tursiops truncatus 82 Phocoena dioptrica Phocoena spinipinnis 96 Eubalaena australis Lontra Lontra provocax 122 Arctocephalus australis Otaria flavescens Mirounga leonina 164 3 EN - Endangered, A3bcd (IUCN version 3.1) Assessment Rationale: Franciscanas are found only along the coast of South America, specifically in the Atlantic Ocean side (Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina), inhabiting shallow coastal waters of tropical and temperate regions (Crespo 2002), and being known for entering the estuary of the La Plata River. This species is primarily threatened by entanglement in coastal and gill-net fisheries, and based on few observations, the bycatch catch rates are not thought to be sustainable. It is estimated that about 3.5 - 5.6% of this species population is caught annually in by-catch, primarily juveniles, pregnant and nursing females. The observed catch rate is more than 2% than what is recommended for all cetaceans by the IWC. Other threats include plastic ingestion and decline of habitat quality. Using a conservative estimate of 3.5% decline per year (to account for unknown birth rates) and a generation time of 9.3 years, if current by-catch rates continue (especially of juveniles and pregnant and nursing females) this species population is projected to decline by at least 60% over the next 27-30 years. For this reason, the species qualifies as Endangered under criterion A3bcd in the Patagonia Sea. Assessor(s): Bordino, P., Crespo, E., Franco-Trecu, V. & Hevia, M. Reviewer(s): Shope, M., Falabella, V. Contributor(s): Secchi, E., Rojas- -Crowe, G., Smith, B.D., Wang, J.Y. , Zhou, K., Zerbini, A.N., Slooten, E., Laidre, K., Karkzmarski, L., Dalebout, M. & Reeves, R. Facilitators/Compilers: Polidoro, B. 4 Taxonomic information ANIMALIA - CHORDATA - MAMMALIA - CETARTIODACTYLA - PONTOPORIIDAE - Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais & d'Orbigny, 1844) Common Names: Franciscana (Spanish), Dauphin de La Plata (French), Delfín de La Plata (Spanish), La Plata River Dolphin (English), Tonina (Spanish; Castilian), Toninha (Portuguese). Note: This species was listed in the 1996-2002 IUCN Red Lists under the family Platanistidae. It is now most commonly assigned to the family Pontoporiidae, and at least sometimes in the superfamily Inioidea (Muizon et al. 2017). Geographic Range Franciscanas inhabit shallow coastal waters (and they sporadically enter the estuary of the La Plata River) of tropical and temperate regions of the western South Atlantic Ocean (Crespo 2002). They are found only along the east coast of South America (Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina), from the northern Golfo San Matias, central Argentina (ca. 42°10'S), to Espirito Santo, southeastern Brazil (18°25'S) (Siciliano 1994; Crespo et al. 1998). The species is not distributed continuously throughout its range. Surveys (including beach surveys, museum specimens, and interviews with local people) indicate that franciscanas are extremely rare or absent in two areas, located in the northern parts of their distribution range; one between Macaé (southern Rio de Janeiro State) and Ubatuba (northern São Paulo State) and the other in Espírito Santo State (Azevedo et al. 2002; Siciliano et al. 2002; Secchi et al. 2003a). The reasons for these gaps are unclear, but because the species prefers shallow, turbid waters (Brownell 1989; Pinedo et al. 1989), water transparency and depth may be among the factors responsible (Siciliano et al. 2002). 5 Population In the Patagonia Sea, there is genetic evidence of at least 4 subpopulations: 1) southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguayan waters, 2) Bahia Samborombon, 3) Cabo San Antonio and to the south, and 4) Monte Hermoso. There is also evidence that these subpopulations are present in distinct genetic, ecological and behavioral units that do not interact (Gariboldi et al. 2015, Costa-Urrutia et al. 2012, Negri et al. 2015, Mendez et al. 2008, 2010). There is a recommendation to review the existance of these subpopulations (Bordino pers comm. 2016). Althougth 4 subpopulations are described using genetic evidence, morphological and molecular data strongly support the existence of two main subpopulations of Franciscanas. Multivariate analysis of morphometric data revealed an smaller subpopulation form in the northern part of the species' range (north of 27°S) (those in the far north are of intermediate size) and a larger subpopulation in the coastal waters of southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina (south of 27°S) (Pinedo 1991). Analyses of a highly variable region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) also supported these two geographic forms (Secchi et al. 1998). Ott (2002) and Lázaro et al. (2004) compared the mtDNA of Franciscanas from Uruguay and Argentina with those published by Secchi et al. (1998). These studies found support for the existence of a large southern population (composed of animals from Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay and northern Argentina) that is clearly differentiated from animals in the waters off Rio de Janeiro. In addition, they revealed fixed genetic differences between the populations that suggest essentially no effective genetic exchange (see Secchi et al. 1998, Ott 2002, Lázaro et al. waters belong to a genetically distinct subpopulation. This is consistent with morphological data showing that size is not clinal, with animals from Paraná and São Paulo being smaller than those in adjacent populations to the south and north of those States (e.g.. Kasuya and Brownell 1979, Di Beneditto and Ramos 2001, Barreto and Rosas 2006, Barbato et al. 2007) A pairwise analysis of haplotype distances between different geographic locations showed increasing differentiation in the haplotype frequencies with increasing distance, following an isolation-by- distance pattern (Lázaro et al. 2004). Furthermore, recent analysis indicated that haplotype frequencies of samples from Claromecó (in Argentina) were significantly different from those of the rest of the southern population (Ott 2002, Lázaro et al. 2004). Secchi et al. (2003a) proposed four provisional management units (Franciscana Management Areas, or FMAs) with the following ranges: FMA I - coastal waters of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro states, Brazil (note: confirmation of the hiatus in the Espírito Santo State with increased survey effort will require further division of this FMA); FMA II - São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina states, Brazil; FMA III - coastal waters of Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil and Uruguay; and FMA IV - coastal waters of Argentina, including the provinces of Buenos Aires, Rio Negro and Chubut. There is no current abundance estimate for the species as a whole, but there is an estimate for the management stock inhabiting FMA III (hereafter referred as the RS/URU management unit). During aerial surveys of coastal waters of Rio Grande do Sul State in 1996 (Secchi et al. 2001), 53,542). This extrapolated result must be used very cautiously, however, because it is based on a density estimate for only a small fraction of the coastline, representing approximately 0.7% of the possible range of the subpopulation (ca. 64,045 sq. km), and there is limited information on the distribution pattern of Franciscanas within their total range. This and other estimates of Franciscana density and abundance need to be interpreted cautiously as they could be either positively or negatively biased. The IWC Scientific Committee concluded, after reviewing the methods and limitations of Franciscana surveys through 2003 2004, that it was not appropriate to consider them as providing minimum estimates of abundance (IWC 2005a). While the overall abundance of the species
Load more

Recommended publications
  • List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies Written by The
    List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies Written by the Committee on Taxonomy The Ad-Hoc Committee on Taxonomy , chaired by Bill Perrin, has produced the first official SMM list of marine mammal species and subspecies. Consensus on some issues was not possible; this is reflected in the footnotes. This list will be revisited and possibly revised every few months reflecting the continuing flux in marine mammal taxonomy. This list can be cited as follows: “Committee on Taxonomy. 2009. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy, www.marinemammalscience.org, consulted on [date].” This list includes living and recently extinct species and subspecies. It is meant to reflect prevailing usage and recent revisions published in the peer-reviewed literature. Author(s) and year of description of the species follow the Latin species name; when these are enclosed in parentheses, the species was originally described in a different genus. Classification and scientific names follow Rice (1998), with adjustments reflecting more recent literature. Common names are arbitrary and change with time and place; one or two currently frequently used in English and/or a range language are given here. Additional English common names and common names in French, Spanish, Russian and other languages are available at www.marinespecies.org/cetacea/ . The cetaceans genetically and morphologically fall firmly within the artiodactyl clade (Geisler and Uhen, 2005), and therefore we include them in the order Cetartiodactyla, with Cetacea, Mysticeti and Odontoceti as unranked taxa (recognizing that the classification within Cetartiodactyla remains partially unresolved -- e.g., see Spaulding et al ., 2009) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Así Nació Ushuaia. Orígenes De La Ciudad Más Austral Del Mundo1
    Dossier. Reflexiones en torno a los estudios sobre Territorios Nacionales Así nació Ushuaia. Orígenes de la ciudad más austral del mundo1 Aroldo Canclini** LA VIDA EN EL FIN DEL MUNDO (1869-1884) Aunque en Ushuaia la vida tenía mucho de rutinario, la forma en que transcurrían las cosas en la población más austral del mundo merece ser consignada brevemente. Los recuerdos de los hijos de los misioneros -Lucas Bridges en su hermoso libro y su hermano Guillermo oralmente- son coincidentes y demuestran cómo quedaron marcados por aquella experiencia. El horario cotidiano cambió varias veces durante los años, pero podemos dar como ejemplo el que regía para el verano de 1876. Todos se levantaban a las cinco menos veinte y, antes de desayunarse a las seis, los misioneros dedicaban un rato a la lectura de la Biblia y a la oración en conjunto. A la hora citada, tocaba una campana para llamar a los indígenas quienes, luego de comer, se dedicaban a sus trabajos. Algunos cuidaban las cabras y vacas que se utilizaban para el consumo y otros cultivaban las huertas que todos tenían detrás de su casita. En algunas ocasiones, se construían cercos o caminos, por ejemplo desde la iglesia hasta la playa. De nueve a diez, se celebraba un culto para implorar la bendición divina durante el día y luego se daba alguna enseñanza a los hombres y mujeres, que después volvían a su trabajo. A la una de la tarde otra campana llamaba a almorzar y de dos a cinco y media se trabajaba nuevamente. Los sábados a la tarde y los domingos eran días de descanso.
    [Show full text]
  • EXTERNAL FEATURES of the DUSKY DOLPHIN Lagenorhynchus Obscurus (GRAY, 1828) from PERUVIAN WATERS Caracteristicas EXTERNAS DEL DE
    Estud. Oceanol. 12: 37-53 1993 ISSN CL 0O71-173X EXTERNAL FEATURES OF THE DUSKY DOLPHIN Lagenorhynchus obscurus (GRAY, 1828) FROM PERUVIAN WATERS CARACTERisTICAS EXTERNAS DEL DELFiN OSCURO Lagenorhynchus obscurus (GRAY, 1828) DE AGUAS PERUANAS Koen Van Waerebeek Centro Peruano de Estudios Cetol6gicos (CEPEC), Asociaci6n de Ecologfa y Conservaci6n, Casilla 1536, Lima 18, Peru ABSTRACT Individual, sexual and developmental variation is quantified in the external morphology and colouration of the dusky dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus from Peruvian coastal waters. No significant difference in body length between sexes is found{p = 0.09) and, generally, little sexual dimorphism is present. However, males have a more anteriorly positioned genital slit and anus and their dorsal fin is more curved, has a broader base and a greater surface area than females Although the dorsal fin apparently serves as a secondary sexual character, the use of it for sexing free-ranging dusky dolphins is discouraged because of high overlap in values Relative growth in 25 body measurements is characterized for both sexes by multiplicative regression equations. The colouration pattern of the dorsal fin, flank patch, thoracic field, flipper stripe and possibly (x2, p = 008) the eye patch, are independent of maturity status. Flipper blaze and lower lip patch are less pigmented in juveniles than in adults No sexual dimorphism is found in the colour pattern The existence of a discrete "Fitzroy" colour form can not be confirmed from available data. Various cases of anomalous, piebald pigmentation are described, probably equivalent to so-called partial albinism Adult dusky dolphins from both SW Africa and New Zealand are 8-10 cm shorter than Peruvian specimens, supporting conclusions of separate populations from a recent skull variability study.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
    Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Responsible Fish Trade and Food Security
    RESPONSIBLE FISH TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY Toward understanding the relationship between international fish trade and food security Report of the study on the impact of international trade in fishery products on food security Conducted jointly by Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations and the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs RESPONSIBLE FISH TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY Toward understanding the relationship between international fish trade and food security Prepared by: John Kurien Fellow Centre for Development Studies Trivandrum, India With Inputs from: Sjef van Eijs (Nicaragua) José Augusto Negreiro Aragão and René Schärer (Brazil) Roberto de Andrade (Chile) Andrew Murray and Mamadou Mar Faye (Senegal) M.A.Mensah, K.A.Koranteng, D.Yeboah and A.Bortey (Ghana) Hopolang Phororo and Rehabeam Shilimela (Namibia) Richard O Abila (Kenya) Oscar Amarasinghe (Sri Lanka) Somying Piumsombun (Thailand) Cesar Allan C Vera Jr. (Philippines) V.R.Bidesi, N.Evans, J.Raj, J. Rajan and D.Williams (Fiji ); Nicole Franz and Paola Sabatini (FAO, Rome) Rome April 2004 ii iii CONTENTS Acknowledgements ix Abbreviations x Fact Sheet xi Executive Summary xii 1. Fish Trade and Food Security: 1 An Introductory Overview 1.1 Background 1 1.2 International fish trade in history 2 1.3 International fish trade today: some stylized facts 3 1.4 Fish for food security 5 1.5 For a greater understanding of food security 8 1.6 Food security as a human right 10 1.7 Fish trade and food security 11 1.8 Fish trade and food security: market, state and civil society 11 1.9 The way forward 12 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Differences in Wild North American River Otter (Lontra Canadensis) Behavior and Communication
    The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Dissertations Spring 2020 Regional Differences in Wild North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis) Behavior and Communication Sarah Walkley Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations Part of the Biological Psychology Commons, Cognitive Psychology Commons, Comparative Psychology Commons, Integrative Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Walkley, Sarah, "Regional Differences in Wild North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis) Behavior and Communication" (2020). Dissertations. 1752. https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations/1752 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN WILD NORTH AMERICAN RIVER OTTER (LONTRA CANADENSIS) BEHAVIOR AND COMMUNICATION by Sarah N. Walkley A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School, the College of Education and Human Sciences and the School of Psychology at The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved by: Dr. Hans Stadthagen, Committee Chair Dr. Heidi Lyn Dr. Richard Mohn Dr. Carla Almonte ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Dr. Hans Stadthagen Dr. Sara Jordan Dr. Karen S. Coats Committee Chair Director of School Dean of the Graduate School May 2020 COPYRIGHT BY Sarah N. Walkley 2020 Published by the Graduate School ABSTRACT This study focuses on the vocalization repertoires of wild North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) in New York and California. Although they are the same species, these two established populations of river otters are separated by a significant distance and are distinct from one another.
    [Show full text]
  • The Outlaw Ocean Report
    The Outlaw Ocean ii The Outlaw Ocean An Exploration of Policy Solutions to Address Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor in the Seafood Industry RESEARCH TEAMS IUU FISHING AND DATA POLICY Neil Nathan | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Hanna Payne | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Victor Xu | JD Candidate, Stanford Law School (SLS) IUU FISHING AND PORT ENTRY Laura Anderson | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Sadie Cwikiel | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Josheena Naggea | PhD Candidate, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources FORCED LABOR IN FISHERIES Nahla Achi | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Natasha Batista | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Trudie Grattan | BS Candidate, Human Biology Katelyn Masket | JD Candidate, SLS RESEARCH ASSISTANTS Shalini Iyengar | JSM, Fellow in the Stanford Program in International Legal Studies, SLS Hai Jin Park | JSD Candidate, SLS, PH.D. Minor, Computer Science Xiao Wang | LLM, Stanford Law School TEACHING TEAM Janet Martinez | Senior Lecturer, Director of Gould Negotiation and Mediation Program, SLS Jim Leape | Co-Director, Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions (COS) Annie Brett | André Hoffmann Fellow, COS Kevin Chand | Early Career Law and Policy Fellow, COS; Lecturer, Stanford dschool Eric Hartge | Research Development Manager, COS PROJECT ADVISORS Luciana Herman | Lecturer & Policy Lab Program Director, SLS Proposed Citation: Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions (COS) and the Stanford Law School (SLS). “The Outlaw Ocean: An Exploration of Policy Solutions to Address Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor in the Seafood
    [Show full text]
  • The 2008 IUCN Red Listings of the World's Small Carnivores
    The 2008 IUCN red listings of the world’s small carnivores Jan SCHIPPER¹*, Michael HOFFMANN¹, J. W. DUCKWORTH² and James CONROY³ Abstract The global conservation status of all the world’s mammals was assessed for the 2008 IUCN Red List. Of the 165 species of small carni- vores recognised during the process, two are Extinct (EX), one is Critically Endangered (CR), ten are Endangered (EN), 22 Vulnerable (VU), ten Near Threatened (NT), 15 Data Deficient (DD) and 105 Least Concern. Thus, 22% of the species for which a category was assigned other than DD were assessed as threatened (i.e. CR, EN or VU), as against 25% for mammals as a whole. Among otters, seven (58%) of the 12 species for which a category was assigned were identified as threatened. This reflects their attachment to rivers and other waterbodies, and heavy trade-driven hunting. The IUCN Red List species accounts are living documents to be updated annually, and further information to refine listings is welcome. Keywords: conservation status, Critically Endangered, Data Deficient, Endangered, Extinct, global threat listing, Least Concern, Near Threatened, Vulnerable Introduction dae (skunks and stink-badgers; 12), Mustelidae (weasels, martens, otters, badgers and allies; 59), Nandiniidae (African Palm-civet The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most authorita- Nandinia binotata; one), Prionodontidae ([Asian] linsangs; two), tive resource currently available on the conservation status of the Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis and allies; 14), and Viverridae (civ- world’s biodiversity. In recent years, the overall number of spe- ets, including oyans [= ‘African linsangs’]; 33). The data reported cies included on the IUCN Red List has grown rapidly, largely as on herein are freely and publicly available via the 2008 IUCN Red a result of ongoing global assessment initiatives that have helped List website (www.iucnredlist.org/mammals).
    [Show full text]
  • 89 the Country Is One of Fly-Fishing's Last Nirvanas, Offering Anglers Truly
    Chile, a hot spot for trout The country is one of fly-fishing’s last nirvanas, offering anglers truly wild fisheries and enormous trout, says Nick Zoll. Photographs by Valentine Atkinson elations between Chile and over most of the 3,000-mile border between simply dividing the disputed lakes in half. to and i were nearing the end of a lengthy scout- motoring over lago General Carrera), we were Above: casting on a tributary of the Rio Aisén, argentina have always been argent ina and Chile rests on the ownership of this day several shared lakes have two names. ing tour of southern argentina’s finest fishing met by an officious-looking naval-grey launch one of Chile’s prolific trout rivers tetchy, with disputes, claims the vast glacial lakes nestling in the valleys of eighty-eight years after edward’s interven- and shooting estancias. With two days left and containing a Chilean border patrol unit. the and counter-claims over the andes and running along the frontier. tional masterstroke, i found myself in a small much already accomplished, we had swapped officers on board wore dark-blue uniforms argentinian, Us and Brazil ian passports all in re sources and land ownership, Heated discussion over which way the lakes boat heading for Chile across the choppy countries. De almeida had been given the nod and side-arms that spoke of trouble if we didn’t one day, or perhaps we enlivened an otherwise likeR petulant siblings arguing over playroom historically drained provoked bitter wran- waters of lago Buenos aires. My companions by a fishing friend that there was a river on the come quietly.
    [Show full text]
  • Malvinas Y El Mundo: Registros Portuarios Históricos De Las Islas (1826-1832 Y 1842-1914)
    Malvinas y el mundo: registros portuarios históricos de las islas (1826-1832 y 1842-1914) [Sofía Clara Haller] prohistoria año XXIII, núm. 34 - dic. 2020 Prohistoria, Año XXIII, núm. 34, dic. 2020, ISSN 1851-9504 Malvinas y el mundo: registros portuarios históricos de las islas (1826-1832 y 1842-1914)* Malvinas and the World: Historical Shipping Registers of the Islands (1826- 1832 and 1842-1914) SOFÍA CLARA HALLER Resumen Abstract Los registros históricos de entradas y salidas de The historical shipping records of the Malvinas navíos de la costa malvinense permiten explorar Islands coasts allow us to explore the maritime las conexiones navieras del archipiélago entre connections that the archipelago had between 1826 y 1914. La reconstrucción de dichas 1826 and 1914. The reconstruction of such conexiones integrada con información connections, integrated with heterogeneous heterogénea proveniente de distintos information from different archives and repositorios documentales y de bases de datos databases of historical voyages, makes it de viajes históricos, hace posible visibilizar las possible to identify the activities and needs that actividades y necesidades que convocaban a los barcos a las islas Malvinas, los distintos actores brought ships to the Malvinas Islands, the que formaron parte de su historia, el cambio de different actors that were part of their history, las relaciones marítimas de las islas antes y the change in the maritime relation before and después de la ocupación británica de 1833 y las after the British occupation of 1833, and the conexiones internacionales del archipiélago con international connections of the archipelago puntos de la Patagonia continental y el estrecho with different points in continental Patagonia de Magallanes.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact Report
    Impact Report 2020 Oceans Initiative is a team of scientists on a mission to protect marine life in the Pacific Northwest and beyond, and to share their cutting-edge science to guide conservation action. Dear Friends, I am pleased to share Oceans Initiative’s Impact Report for 2020. In a year that’s challenged us like none other in recent history, I couldn’t be more proud of our team of scientists and researchers, and the mission work we’ve been able to accomplish. For Oceans Initiative, the onset of the global pandemic brought with it a great deal of concern and uncertainty. At times, we wondered how we’d be able to fulfill our mission. Despite our concerns, we felt driven to make an immediate contribution. Being parents of a 6-year-old, and with schools closed in Seattle for the foreseeable future, we wanted to find a way to share our knowledge and our mission, and help other families in our community. We reached out to Oceans Initiative’s social media followers and offered to host a Virtual Marine Biology Camp where kids could chat with us about killer whales, dolphins, and other marine life, to keep them entertained while learning from home. The response was overwhelming and we were excited to have reached thousands of kids around the world. We saw a surprising surge in new supporters following this two–month period, a completely unexpected outcome of this opportunity to give back to our community. 2020 was also a year of growth. We hired four female early career scientists as Biological Research Assistants along with a Research Associate.
    [Show full text]
  • Bottlenose Dolphins of North Patagonia
    Dolphins of the Bay Discovering the bottlenose dolphins of North Patagonia ELS VERMEULEN . HILDA SUÁREZ . ALEJANDRO BALBIANO “We ourselves feel that what we are doing is just a drop in the ocean. But the ocean would be less because of that missing drop.” Mother Teresa of Calcutta (1910-1997) Table of Contents 2 Introduction Prologue Ever since I was a child, I have dreamed of working with 3 What is a cetacean? dolphins, my favourite animals. But it wasn’t until I was 20 4 Getting to know the dolphins that I saw my first wild dolphin. I will never forget it. It was a bottlenose dolphin, also known in Argentina as “tonina”. of the Gulf of San Matías The love I feel for these animals has cultivated the need to protect 5 The bottlenose dolphin them deep within me, seeking to ensure they are able to live in a healthy and peaceful environment. This passion motivates me 6 How do we study bottlenose dolphins? to learn about dolphins and study them in the wild, and is why 7 What do we know about the bottlenose I became a marine biologist. Besides, it is the perfect excuse to be around them all day long! Dolphins dolphins of the Bay of San Antonio? Studying the bottlenose dolphins in the Bay of San Antonio 8 Bottlenose dolphin tales I (Province of Río Negro, Argentina) has only deepened my passion further. During the years I have spent around these dolphins, not 9 Bottlenose dolphin tales II only have I begun to understand their life as a species, but of the Bay 10 Behaviour I have also begun to know each one of them individually, all with their different stories.
    [Show full text]