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Past, Present, and Future FIFTY YEARS of ANTHROPOLOGY in SUDAN
Past, present, and future FIFTY YEARS OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN SUDAN Munzoul A. M. Assal Musa Adam Abdul-Jalil Past, present, and future FIFTY YEARS OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN SUDAN Munzoul A. M. Assal Musa Adam Abdul-Jalil FIFTY YEARS OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN SUDAN: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE Copyright © Chr. Michelsen Institute 2015. P.O. Box 6033 N-5892 Bergen Norway [email protected] Printed at Kai Hansen Trykkeri Kristiansand AS, Norway Cover photo: Liv Tønnessen Layout and design: Geir Årdal ISBN 978-82-8062-521-2 Contents Table of contents .............................................................................iii Notes on contributors ....................................................................vii Acknowledgements ...................................................................... xiii Preface ............................................................................................xv Chapter 1: Introduction Munzoul A. M. Assal and Musa Adam Abdul-Jalil ......................... 1 Chapter 2: The state of anthropology in the Sudan Abdel Ghaffar M. Ahmed .................................................................21 Chapter 3: Rethinking ethnicity: from Darfur to China and back—small events, big contexts Gunnar Haaland ........................................................................... 37 Chapter 4: Strategic movement: a key theme in Sudan anthropology Wendy James ................................................................................ 55 Chapter 5: Urbanisation and social change in the Sudan Fahima Zahir El-Sadaty ................................................................ -
Jordan Navigates Border Trade, Pressures from Syria | The
MENU Policy Analysis / Fikra Forum Jordan Navigates Border Trade, Pressures from Syria by Shehab Al-Makahleh Jul 24, 2018 Also available in Arabic ABOUT THE AUTHORS Shehab Al-Makahleh Shehab Al-Makahleh is a senior media and policy consultant in Jordan and the United Arab Emirates. Al-Makahleh has been working for several Middle Eastern countries as a political, military and security expert. Brief Analysis f all the bilateral ties between Arab states, the Jordanian-Syrian relationship has been among the most O intense. Various gradations of reciprocal unfriendliness and even open animosity have characterized the two countries’ ties since the 1970s, reflecting the rise of the Ba’ath party and Hafez al-Assad. However, recent economic instabilities pushed Jordan to approach the Syrian war in an unexpectedly neutral manner, and these same economic concerns may push the Hashemite Kingdom closer to the Assad regime in the near future. A thaw in the “Cold War” between Amman and Damascus has materialized, ostensibly neutralizing many years of conflict. The apparent recent successes of Bashar al-Assad's regime in recapturing much of Southwest Syria raises the question of what lies in the future for the Jordanian-Syrian relationship, especially given probable intimations that Damascus is unhappy with where the relationship currently stands. Throughout the conflict, Jordan was unsurprisingly more anxious about safeguarding its own domestic resilience than the persistence or collapse of the Syrian regime. The Kingdom has repeatedly pursued regional and international political settlement attempts to end the Syrian conflict, as Amman foresaw the potentially subverting influence of a protracted war on its borders. -
CHAP 9 Sri Lanka
79o 00' 79o 30' 80o 00' 80o 30' 81o 00' 81o 30' 82o 00' Kankesanturai Point Pedro A I Karaitivu I. Jana D Peninsula N Kayts Jana SRI LANKA I Palk Strait National capital Ja na Elephant Pass Punkudutivu I. Lag Provincial capital oon Devipattinam Delft I. Town, village Palk Bay Kilinochchi Provincial boundary - Puthukkudiyiruppu Nanthi Kadal Main road Rameswaram Iranaitivu Is. Mullaittivu Secondary road Pamban I. Ferry Vellankulam Dhanushkodi Talaimannar Manjulam Nayaru Lagoon Railroad A da m' Airport s Bridge NORTHERN Nedunkeni 9o 00' Kokkilai Lagoon Mannar I. Mannar Puliyankulam Pulmoddai Madhu Road Bay of Bengal Gulf of Mannar Silavatturai Vavuniya Nilaveli Pankulam Kebitigollewa Trincomalee Horuwupotana r Bay Medawachchiya diya A d o o o 8 30' ru 8 30' v K i A Karaitivu I. ru Hamillewa n a Mutur Y Pomparippu Anuradhapura Kantalai n o NORTH CENTRAL Kalpitiya o g Maragahewa a Kathiraveli L Kal m a Oy a a l a t t Puttalam Kekirawa Habarane u 8o 00' P Galgamuwa 8o 00' NORTH Polonnaruwa Dambula Valachchenai Anamaduwa a y O Mundal Maho a Chenkaladi Lake r u WESTERN d Batticaloa Naula a M uru ed D Ganewatta a EASTERN g n Madura Oya a G Reservoir Chilaw i l Maha Oya o Kurunegala e o 7 30' w 7 30' Matale a Paddiruppu h Kuliyapitiya a CENTRAL M Kehelula Kalmunai Pannala Kandy Mahiyangana Uhana Randenigale ya Amparai a O a Mah Reservoir y Negombo Kegalla O Gal Tirrukkovil Negombo Victoria Falls Reservoir Bibile Senanayake Lagoon Gampaha Samudra Ja-Ela o a Nuwara Badulla o 7 00' ng 7 00' Kelan a Avissawella Eliya Colombo i G Sri Jayewardenepura -
Jerusalem: City of Dreams, City of Sorrows
1 JERUSALEM: CITY OF DREAMS, CITY OF SORROWS More than ever before, urban historians tell us that global cities tend to look very much alike. For U.S. students. the“ look alike” perspective makes it more difficult to empathize with and to understand cultures and societies other than their own. The admittedly superficial similarities of global cities with U.S. ones leads to misunderstandings and confusion. The multiplicity of cybercafés, high-rise buildings, bars and discothèques, international hotels, restaurants, and boutique retailers in shopping malls and multiplex cinemas gives these global cities the appearances of familiarity. The ubiquity of schools, university campuses, signs, streetlights, and urban transportation systems can only add to an outsider’s “cultural and social blindness.” Prevailing U.S. learning goals that underscore American values of individualism, self-confidence, and material comfort are, more often than not, obstacles for any quick study or understanding of world cultures and societies by visiting U.S. student and faculty.1 Therefore, international educators need to look for and find ways in which their students are able to look beyond the veneer of the modern global city through careful program planning and learning strategies that seek to affect the students in their “reading and learning” about these fertile centers of liberal learning. As the students become acquainted with the streets, neighborhoods, and urban centers of their global city, their understanding of its ways and habits is embellished and enriched by the walls, neighborhoods, institutions, and archaeological sites that might otherwise cause them their “cultural and social blindness.” Jerusalem is more than an intriguing global historical city. -
Between Amman and Jerusalem: Reflections on Making Peace
MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 477 Between Amman and Jerusalem: Reflections on Making Peace . And Making Peace Work Oct 29, 2004 Brief Analysis ordan's ultimate strategic objective is peace in the Middle East. While the Jordan-Israel treaty remains seminal J in importance for the Middle East and beyond, the continued bloodshed in the region sobers the anniversary celebration. The Jordan-Israel treaty reflected the courage and vision of King Hussein and Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin. Reaching agreement on this treaty was not always an easy process. The initial talks between the two countries in September 1993 resulted in a stalemate. The second round of talks in April 1994 was more successful, but when the United States was invited to serve as a guarantor, Washington balked at the idea of a Jordan-Israel treaty. Nevertheless, throughout the negotiations, Hussein and Rabin both demonstrated farsighted leadership and deep convictions about the absolute necessity of peace. They understood that they had to view each other as partners, not adversaries, and deal with each other directly. There is a place for third-party mediation and negotiation, but only when all other options have been exhausted and talks are at a standstill. The Jordan-Israel treaty and the Oslo negotiations are good examples of the efficacy of direct communication in peace talks. Indeed, a key to any successful peace negotiation is the involvement of the people affected. Unless all of the relevant players are involved in the discussion from the outset, negotiation efforts are certain to fail. After the liberation of Kuwait in 1991, a pathway to Middle East peace was opened with the convening of the Madrid conference. -
Lunch Upon Request and Overnight in “Dead Sea Spa Hotel”
3 Days 2 Nights - Jordan Program Day 1:Kuala Lumpur – Amman(1 Breakfast) Meet and assist at QAIA upon arrival of RJ181 from Kuala Lumpur. Proceed to Amman down town for Arabic breakfast. Then, visit the “SOUQ”, an Arabic market place. Continue with Amman city tour. Proceed to Dead Sea with lunch upon request and overnight in “Dead Sea Spa Hotel”. (No dinner). DEAD SEA Located 400 meter below sea level and it has infinite in what it has to offer. Ever since the days of Herod the Great, people have flocked to the Dead Sea in search of its Curative secrets. Due to high annual temperatures, low humidity, high atmospheric pressure, extreme exogenous air and high content of magnesium in the air make Dead Sea breath in a lot of minerals. The Dead Sea water possesses anti-inflammatory properties and the dark mud which found on the shores has been used for over 2000 years for therapeutic purposes. Day 2: Dead Sea – Petra – Amman (Breakfast,Lunch) Breakfast in hotel and proceed for full day tour at Petra with lunch near by. Return to Amman after lunch. (No Dinner). PETRA An ancient city which was built from 800 BC to 100 AD by NABETEAN Arabs. In this era, Petra was a fortress, carved out of craggy rocks which were virtually inaccessible. In the first and second century, after the Romans took over, the city reached the peak of its fame. Petra covers an area of about 100 sq km, over 800 monuments can be found. When shipping slowly displaced caravan routes, the status of this city gradually dwindled. -
1954 King Faisal's Visit to Amman
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified 1954 King Faisal's Visit to Amman Citation: “King Faisal's Visit to Amman,” 1954, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Emir Farid Chehab Collection, GB165-0384, Box 15, File 56A/15, Middle East Centre Archive, St Antony’s College, Oxford. https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/176144 Summary: King Faisal's visit to Amman includes visits to nearby areas like the West Bank and a secret round of negotiations on regional alliances, and Tewfiq abu al-Huda suddenly departs Amman for Beirut during this trip. Credits: This document was made possible with support from Youmna and Tony Asseily. Original Language: Arabic Contents: English Translation Scan of Original Document 56A/15 King Faisal's visit to Amman The visit by King Faisal and Crown Prince Abdel-Bah of Iraq co Jordan cook place in a strange atmosphere, very unusual for visits of a similar nature by high-ranking officials and non officials to countries they are very closely linked to, such as the relationship between Iraq and Jordan ... The two-day special programme put in place for the royal visit was limited to a number of specific activities, such as a visit to the West Bank and other important sites, and serving special meals. Prominent Jordanian personalities who were eager to welcome the King, see him off at the airport, or meet with him at the royal palace, were unable to do so. The programme specifically indicated who among the officials, was allowed to see the King, and the list included only a number of ministers and undersecretaries of ministries; members of the upper and lower houses of parliament and the masses were unable to meet his Majesty. -
Israel: Timeless Wonders
Exclusive U-M Alumni Travel departure – October 9-20, 2021 Israel: Timeless Wonders 12 days for $6,784 total price from Detroit ($5,995 air & land inclusive plus $789 airline taxes and fees) Encounter a land of extraordinary beauty and belief, of spirit and story, history and hospitality. From modern Tel Aviv to scenic Upper Galilee, ancient Tiberias and storied Nazareth to Jeru- salem, “City of Gold,” we engage all our senses in a small group encounter with this extraordinary and holy land, with a five-night stay in Jerusalem at the legendary King David hotel. Upper Destination Galilee Motorcoach Extension (motorcoach) Tiberias Entry/Departure Amman Tel Aviv JORDAN Mediterranean Jerusalem Sea Dead Sea ISRAEL Petra We enjoy guided touring and ample time to explore on our own in Jerusalem, one of the world's oldest and most treasured cities. Avg. High (°F) Oct Nov Day 1: Depart U.S. for Tel Aviv, Israel Day 5: Mount Bental/Tiberias Today begins with Tiberias 86 75 Jerusalem 81 70 a special tour of the kibbutz, followed by a visit to a Day 2: Arrive Tel Aviv We arrive today and transfer local winery. We continue on to Mount Bental in to our hotel. As guests’ arrival times may vary greatly, the Golan Heights for a panoramic view of Israel, we have no group activities or meals planned and are Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan. Next: the ruins of Your Small Group Tour Highlights at leisure to explore or relax as we wish. Capernaum, where Jesus taught in the synagogue on the Sabbath; Tabgha, site of the Miracle of the Loaves Tel Aviv touring, including “White City” of Bauhaus archi- Day 3: Tel Aviv Today we encounter the vibrant and Fishes; and Kibbutz Ginosar, where we see the tecture • Jaffa’s ancient port • Artists’ village of Ein Hod modern city of Tel Aviv, Israel’s arts and culture “Jesus Boat” carbon dated to 100 BCE. -
Translating Emirati Dialect in Dramatic Texts
TRANSLATING EMIRATI DIALECT IN DRAMATIC TEXTS A THESIS IN TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING (ARABIC/ENGLISH/ARABIC) Presented to the Faculty of the American University of Sharjah College of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS by NUHA MATAR MARZOOQ KHAMIS B.A.1990 Sharjah, UAE MAY 2007 © 2007 NUHA MATAR MARZOOQ KHAMIS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED TRANSLATING EMIRATI DIALECT IN DRAMATIC TEXTS Nuha Matar Marzooq Khamis, Candidate for Master of Arts Degree American University of Sharjah, 2007 ABSTRACT In this dissertation, the issue of translating the dramatic texts of the United Arab Emirates into English is discussed, and the translation of sub-genres (poetic diction - fairy tales) in a form of a dialect as a means of characterizing the persona is further examined. The thesis deals with the UAE dialect used in dramatic texts and its translation with emphasis on stylistic and pragmatic aspects. It is generally assumed that in translating and analyzing dramatic texts written in a certain Arabic dialect, the process would be the same as that used to approach other prose texts. That is the translation would be presented in Standard English, with the tendency to ignore the performability and speakability characteristics that dramatic texts exhibit. In this dissertation, this assumption is examined and put forward. Chapter 1, the introduction, posits that the folkloric theatre as a genre of literature is generally neglected in translation studies. There is but a little tendency to discuss the special problems of translating dramatic texts written in dialects. In Chapter 2, an overview of the theoretical background to translation studies is presented; starting with the definition of translation studies, and then considering prominent theories from Vinay and Darbelnet up to today. -
Press Release
Press Release FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Media Contact Troy Ellen Dixon Director, Marketing & Communications 203 413-6735 | [email protected] Expanding Deserts: A Global Concern A Lecture Presented Free to the Public by the Bruce Museum on Tuesday, October 23 Featuring Miss Universe Leila Lopes Greenwich CT, October 12, 2012 – In Extreme Habitats: Living Desert Dry (now through March 3, 2013), the Bruce Museum is presenting a timely exhibition that explores the complex ecosystems of deserts by looking at how and where they form, examining plant and animal survival strategies and explaining the significance of these regions in our everyday lives. The exhibition also spotlights the global issue of desertification, the process by which fertile land is transformed into desert as a result of human-induced causes such as deforestation and poor agricultural practices, as well as drought conditions exacerbated by inadequate conservation of water resources and climate change. To complement the exhibition, the Museum is presenting a lecture on the subject of Expanding Deserts: A Global Concern, which features a subject-matter expert who will be discussing the rapid growth of deserts due to human activity and the initiatives underway to mitigate the global impacts of this trend. “Against the backdrop of Living Desert Dry, our goal is to delve more deeply into the issues and opportunities related to deserts,” says Dr. Gina Gould, Curator of Science at the Museum. “Around the world, deserts are home to culturally diverse societies; the native flora and fauna have evolved adaptations to not only survive but thrive under the hyper-arid conditions. But there is also concern about dryland deterioration and degradation and the effect it is having, and will have, on human populations; indeed, all species.” To that last point, on Tuesday, October 23 at 6:30 pm the Bruce Museum is pleased to host Ms. -
Where Do the Multi-Religious Origins of Islam Lie? a Topological Approach to a Wicked Problem
9 (2019) Article 6: 165-210 Where Do the Multi-Religious Origins of Islam Lie? A Topological Approach to a Wicked Problem MANFRED SING Leibniz Institute of European History, Mainz, Germany This contribution to Entangled Religions is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC BY 4.0 International). The license can be accessed at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. Entangled Religions 9 (2019) http://doi.org/10.13154/er.v9.2019.165–210 Where Do the Multi-Religious Origins of Islam Lie? Where Do the Multi-Religious Origins of Islam Lie? A Topological Approach to a Wicked Problem MANFRED SING Leibniz Institute of European History ABSTRACT The revelation of Islam in Arabic, its emergence in the Western Arabian Peninsula, and its acquaintance with Biblical literature seem to be clear indications for Islam’s birthplace and its religious foundations. While the majority of academic scholarship accepts the historicity of the revelation in Mecca and Medina, revisionist scholars have started questioning the location of early Islam with increasing fervour in recent years. Drawing on the isolation of Mecca and the lack of clear references to Mecca in ancient and non-Muslim literature before the mid-eighth century, these scholars have cast doubt on the claim that Mecca was already a trading outpost and a pilgrimage site prior to Islam, questioning the traditional Islamic and Orientalist view. Space, thus, plays a prominent role in the debate on the origins of Islam, although space is almost never conceptually discussed. In the following paper, I challenge the limited understanding of space in revisionist as well as mainstream scholarship. -
Press Release
Langer Eugen, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10, D-53113 Bonn, Germany Tel: +49 (0)228 815 2800 Fax: +49 (0)228 815 2898/99 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.unccd.int PRESS RELEASE Miss Universe 2011 Leila Lopes Appointed Drylands Ambassador Bonn and New York, 21 November 2011 The Executive Secretary of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Luc Gnacadja, has named Leila Lopes, Miss Universe 2011, as the Drylands Ambassador of the Convention. Drylands Ambassadors are appointed to take a lead in raising international awareness of land degradation, its causes and possible solutions. The other recent appointees are Dr Dennis Garrity, outgoing Director General of the World Agroforestry Centre, South African gospel singer Deborah Fraser, and Spanish football star Carlos Marchena. “Miss Lopes comes from the African region where desertification, meaning the degradation of the land in the dryland areas, is the foremost environmental challenge. Part of her home country of Angola is threatened by desertification,” said Mr Gnacadja during the announcement. Recent studies show that up to 2 billion hectares of degraded land and forest globally have the potential for restoration. “Land degradation entrenches affected populations into poverty, food insecurity and hunger and corrodes the three pillars of sustainable development. Achieving the change needed will take strong advocacy and outreach, but for long-term sustainability to be achieved three things are essential,” Mr Gnacadja said. “We must commit to making the world land degradation neutral through preventive actions and by restoring an equivalent amount of the land we degrade every year. We must cultivate a culture of innovation and knowledge sharing required for an effective land stewardship, and we must contribute to the mainstreaming of sustainable land management techniques.