DOCSLIB.ORG

Standardization of Computerized Respiratory Sound Analysis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Standardization of Computerized Respiratory Sound Analysis Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2000 Eur Respir Rev 2000; 10: 77, 585 European Respiratory Review Printed in UK - all rights reserved ISSN 0905 - 9180 Standardization of computerized respiratory sound analysis A.R.A. Sovijärvi, J. Vanderschoot, J.E. Earis Pulmonary disease is a major cause of ill-health thro- was also a task force of the European Respiratory Society, ughout the world. In Europe, chronic obstructive pulmo- involved research workers in seven European Countries nary disease (COPD) and asthma have been estimated to (Belgium, Britain, Finland, France, Germany Italy and the affect between 10 and 25% of the adult population. Pul- Netherlands). The main objective of the participating cen- monary infections such as acute bronchitis and pneumonia tres was to develop guidelines for research and clinical prac- are common, and interstitial lung disease is increasing in tice in the field of respiratory sound analysis. This issue of incidence. The diagnosis of these common chest diseases The European Respiratory Review includes the agreed con- is facilitated by pulmonary auscultation using a stetho- sensus of the CORSA project group. As an introduction, a scope. This device, invented in 1821 by the French Physi- survey of current clinical practice and research initiatives cian, Laennec, is still the commonest diagnostic tool used in Europe is presented. Because the definitions of terms by doctors. including lung sound nomenclature used in the field are Auscultation with a stethoscope has many limitations. It variable both within and between countries, a paper pre- is a subjective process that depends on the individual's senting both established and new definitions of medical own hearing, experience and ability to differentiate between and technical terms used in pulmonary acoustics is in- different sound patterns. It is not easy to produce quantita- cluded. This paper is deliberately comprehensive in order tive measurements or make a permanent record of an to provide easily accessible definitions to all workers involv- examination in documentary form. Long-term monitoring ed in this field. Another paper deals with the environmen- or correlation of respiratory sound with other physiologi- tal conditions required and patient management procedures cal signals is also difficult. Moreover, the stethoscope has to be adopted. Further papers deal with the acquisition, a frequency response that attenuates frequency compo- pre-processing and digitization and analysis of lung sounds. nents of the lung sound signal above about 120 Hz [1], Guidelines for publishing the results of research and clini- and the human ear is not very sensitive to the lower fre- cal trials are given so they can be more easily related to quency band that remains. other findings. Finally, a perspective on the future of respi- Over the last 30 yrs, computerized methods for the ratory sound analysis is given. recording and analysis of respiratory sounds have over- We would like to express our cordial thanks to the whole come many limitations of simple auscultation. Respiratory CORSA group, which includes over 20 scientists, for their acoustic analysis can now quantify changes in lung so- valuable and intensive work resulting in the papers in this unds, make permanent records of the measurements made special issue. We hope that this issue of the European Res- and produce graphical representations that help with the piratory Review will facilitate the development of standard- diagnosis and management of patients suffering from chest ized lung sound analysis equipment and promote research diseases. into the understanding of respiratory sounds. This will Over recent years, the scientific activity within the field inevitably lead to better and new clinical applications. of respiratory acoustics has increased markedly. However, a lack of guidelines for data acquisition, storage, signal processing and analysis of the lung sound signal has made References it difficult to compare results from different laboratories and has hampered the commercial development of respira- 1. Abella M, Formolo J, Penny DG. Comparison of acoustic tory sound analysis equipment. Several efforts have been properties of six popular stethoscopes. J Acoust Soc Am undertaken to solve these problems [2–4]. 1992; 91: 2224–2228. The European Community has financed a BIOMED 1 2. Mussel MJ. The need for standards in recording and ana- lysing respiratory sounds. Med Biol Eng Comput 1992; Concerted Action project entitled Computerized Respira- 30: 129–139. tory Sound Analysis (CORSA). This collaboration, which 3. Gavriely N. Breath Sounds Methodology. Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press 1995. Correspondence: A.R.A. Sovijärvi, Dept of Clinical Physiology and 4. Pasterkamp H, Kraman SS, Wodicka GR. Respiratory Nuclear Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 340, FIN- sounds. Advances beyond the stethoscope. Am J Respir 00029 HUS, Finland. Fax: 358 947174592. Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 974–987. Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2000 Eur Respir Rev 2000; 10: 77, 586–590 European Respiratory Review Printed in UK - all rights reserved ISSN 0905 - 9180 Current methods used for computerized respiratory sound analysis J.E. Earis*, B.M.G. Cheetham** Current methods used for computerized respiratory sound analysis J.E. Earis, B.M.G. *Aintree Chest Centre, University Hospi- Cheetham. ©ERS Journals Ltd 2000. tal, Aintree, Liverpool, UK. **School of ABSTRACT: The study of respiratory sounds by computer has a considerable his- Engineering, University of Manchester, tory, which spans a time of rapidly evolving technology and changing perceptions of Manchester, UK. analogue and digital signal processing. Much of the knowledge gained in recent years Correspondence: J.E. Earis has resulted from the use of a wide variety of data acquisition, processing and analy- Aintree Chest Centre sis techniques. Details of the techniques used in published research emanating from University Hospital European and other world wide centres over the past 10 yrs are surveyed in this Aintree paper. The survey reveals the range of clinical conditions studied, the type of analysis Longmoor Lane equipment used and the extent to which the engineering parameters of the various Liverpool L9 7AL equipment used were similar and/or different. It is clear that, in addition to the well- UK established analysis of adventitious sounds, there is increasing interest in the analysis of breath sounds as a measure of regional physiology. In addition, over 60% of pub- Keywords: Computer analysis respiratory sounds lished studies over the 10 yrs involve upper airway sounds. Although marked similar- ities in the basic methodology were found, there was considerable variation in the way This study was supported by the EU that sound was processed and analysed. It is concluded that there is a need for the BIOMED 1 programme (contract BMH1- development of guidelines for the recording, processing and analysis of respiratory CT94-0928) and by the European Respira- sounds in order to facilitate the easy exchange of data and to enable a meaningful tory Society (ERS task force). comparison of results between research centres. Eur Respir Rev 2000: 10: 77, 586–590. This paper forms part of the publications of the CORSA project. With the use of modern digital signal processing tech- Medicus and the ILSA (International Lung Sounds Asso- niques, the analysis of wave forms by computer has ciation) bibliography (http://www.ilsa.cc/referenc.htm) as become an established research technique for the investi- current in January 1996. The 1,672 papers referring to gation of respiratory sounds [1, 2]. As research in this area upper and lower respiratory sounds published world-wide has developed, many different types of equipment and were analysed. Among these, 163 papers were identified techniques have been used. The aims of this paper are to that used some form of electronic wave-form analysis analyse the activities, in this field, in European and other techniques (12.6% of the total number of papers). The main world-wide centres, to assess the degree to which ILSA bibliography includes all papers that use form of equipment is standardized and to identify the techniques electronic analysis published since 1970. The analysis used to analyse respiratory sounds. To enable comparisons techniques used in each of the main European, North Amer- to be made between the various types of equipment and ican and Israeli centres were identified and catalogued techniques used currently, and recently, for the computer- according to the criteria presented in table 1. A detailed ized analysis of respiratory sounds, the authors have analysis of all papers in the survey originating in Europe undertaken a survey of this area of research. between 1991 and 1996 was undertaken in order to pro- vide a detailed catalogue of the equipment and techniques used. Methods The survey was carried out in the main European and Survey of respiratory sounds research world centres by addressing the published literature, making site visits and holding meetings with workers active in the The survey revealed that within Europe, the most active field. The study was undertaken as part of the concerted contributors were from the CORSA groups in Finland, action project, CORSA (Computerized Respiratory Sound England, France, Italy and The Netherlands who were Analysis), included in the BIOMED 1 programme of the responsible for about 25% of the total published world- European Union. wide papers on respiratory sounds. Table 2, produced A study of the world
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Emergencies in Paediatrics and Neonatology Published and Forthcoming Titles in the Emergencies in … Series
    OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS Emergencies in Paediatrics and Neonatology Published and forthcoming titles in the Emergencies in … series: Emergencies in Adult Nursing Edited by Philip Downing Emergencies in Anaesthesia Edited by Keith Allman, Andrew McIndoe, and Iain H. Wilson Emergencies in Cardiology Edited by Saul G. Myerson, Robin P. Choudhury, and Andrew Mitchell Emergencies in Children’s and Young People’s Nursing Edited by E.A. Glasper, Gill McEwing, and Jim Richardson Emergencies in Clinical Surgery Edited by Chris Callaghan, Chris Watson and Andrew Bradley Emergencies in Critical Care, 2e Edited by Martin Beed, Richard Sherman, and Ravi Mahajan Emergencies in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Marcus Harbord and Daniel Marks Emergencies in Mental Health Nursing Edited by Patrick Callaghan Emergencies in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Edited by S. Arulkumaran Emergencies in Oncology Edited by Martin Scott-Brown, Roy A.J. Spence, and Patrick G. Johnston Emergencies in Paediatrics and Neonatology, 2e Edited by Stuart Crisp and Jo Rainbow Emergencies in Palliative and Supportive Care Edited by David Currow and Katherine Clark Emergencies in Primary Care Chantal Simon, Karen O’Reilly, John Buckmaster, and Robin Proctor Emergencies in Psychiatry, 2e Basant Puri and Ian Treasaden Emergencies in Radiology Edited by Richard Graham and Ferdia Gallagher Emergencies in Respiratory Medicine Edited by Robert Parker, Catherine Thomas, and Lesley Bennett Emergencies in Sports Medicine Edited by Julian Redhead and Jonathan Gordon Head, Neck and Dental
    [Show full text]
  • Age-Related Pulmonary Crackles (Rales) in Asymptomatic Cardiovascular Patients
    Age-Related Pulmonary Crackles (Rales) in Asymptomatic Cardiovascular Patients 1 Hajime Kataoka, MD ABSTRACT 2 Osamu Matsuno, MD PURPOSE The presence of age-related pulmonary crackles (rales) might interfere 1Division of Internal Medicine, with a physician’s clinical management of patients with suspected heart failure. Nishida Hospital, Oita, Japan We examined the characteristics of pulmonary crackles among patients with stage A cardiovascular disease (American College of Cardiology/American Heart 2Division of Respiratory Disease, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan Association heart failure staging criteria), stratifi ed by decade, because little is known about these issues in such patients at high risk for congestive heart failure who have no structural heart disease or acute heart failure symptoms. METHODS After exclusion of comorbid pulmonary and other critical diseases, 274 participants, in whom the heart was structurally (based on Doppler echocar- diography) and functionally (B-type natriuretic peptide <80 pg/mL) normal and the lung (X-ray evaluation) was normal, were eligible for the analysis. RESULTS There was a signifi cant difference in the prevalence of crackles among patients in the low (45-64 years; n = 97; 11%; 95% CI, 5%-18%), medium (65-79 years; n = 121; 34%; 95% CI, 27%-40%), and high (80-95 years; n = 56; 70%; 95% CI, 58%-82%) age-groups (P <.001). The risk for audible crackles increased approximately threefold every 10 years after 45 years of age. During a mean fol- low-up of 11 ± 2.3 months (n = 255), the short-term (≤3 months) reproducibility of crackles was 87%. The occurrence of cardiopulmonary disease during follow-up included cardiovascular disease in 5 patients and pulmonary disease in 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Sectional­ Survey of Staff Physicians, Residents and Medical Students
    Open access Original research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044240 on 26 March 2021. Downloaded from Influence of language skills on the choice of terms used to describe lung sounds in a language other than English: a cross-sectional survey of staff physicians, residents and medical students Abraham Bohadana , Hava Azulai, Amir Jarjoui, George Kalak, Ariel Rokach, Gabriel Izbicki To cite: Bohadana A, Azulai H, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Jarjoui A, et al. Influence of Introduction The value of chest auscultation would be language skills on the choice enhanced by the use of a standardised terminology. To ► To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine of terms used to describe lung that end, the recommended English terminology must sounds in a language other than the transfer to language other than English of the be transferred to a language other than English (LOTE) English: a cross-sectional survey recommended lung sound terminology in English. without distortion. of staff physicians, residents and ► True sound classification was validated by computer- Objective To examine the transfer to Hebrew—taken as medical students. BMJ Open based sound analysis. 2021;11:e044240. doi:10.1136/ a model of LOTE—of the recommended terminology in ► Participants were from the same hospital—which English. bmjopen-2020-044240 tends to limit the study generalisability—but had Design/setting Cross- sectional study; university- based Prepublication history and different clinical and educational background. ► hospital. supplemental material for this ► Use of more complex sounds (eg, rhonchus and Participants 143 caregivers, including 31 staff paper is available online.
    [Show full text]
  • Pleurectomy Through the Triangle of Auscultation
    Thorax: first published as 10.1136/thx.37.12.945 on 1 December 1982. Downloaded from Thorax 1982;37:945-946 Pleurectomy through the triangle of auscultation OJ LAU, S SHAWKAT From the Thoracic Surgical Unit, Preston Hall Hospital, Aylesford, Kent The aetiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is Outpatient follow-up for one to three years has shown no unknown, though several theories have been proposed. The recurrence of pneumothorax. formation and rupture of "blebs" in the lung are frequently associated with primary pneumothorax, 1-3 but the manage- Discussion ment of the condition remains controversial and depends on its severity and the patient's previous medical history. For For most cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax, definitive treatment pleurectomy still remains the treatment observation, bed rest, or intercostal tube drainage are of choice.4 5 We have treated 25 young patients with primary adequate; but for patients with persistent air leak, and for spontaneous pneumothorax with apical pleurectomy those with a history of recurrent attacks, some form of through the auscultation triangle, without incision of the definitive treatment is necessary. Various methods have muscles of the chest wall. We have found that this approach been recommended, from artificial obliteration of the has several advantages over a full thoracotomy. pleural space with various chemicals or oils to the stripping of the parietal pleura and closure of the air leak through a Operative technique and results formal thoracotomy. In our experience, these forms of treatment are often Twenty-five young patients with primary spontaneous associated with unnecessary pain and discomfort for the pneumothorax have been treated, of whom 15 were men.
    [Show full text]
  • DEPARTMENT of ANATOMY IGMC SHIMLA Competency Based Under
    DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY IGMC SHIMLA Competency Based Under Graduate Curriculum - 2019 Number COMPETENCY Objective The student should be able to At the end of the session student should know AN1.1 Demonstrate normal anatomical position, various a) Define and demonstrate various positions and planes planes, relation, comparison, laterality & b) Anatomical terms used for lower trunk, limbs, joint movement in our body movements, bony features, blood vessels, nerves, fascia, muscles and clinical anatomy AN1.2 Describe composition of bone and bone marrow a) Various classifications of bones b) Structure of bone AN2.1 Describe parts, blood and nerve supply of a long bone a) Parts of young bone b) Types of epiphysis c) Blood supply of bone d) Nerve supply of bone AN2.2 Enumerate laws of ossification a) Development and ossification of bones with laws of ossification b) Medico legal and anthropological aspects of bones AN2.3 Enumerate special features of a sesamoid bone a) Enumerate various sesamoid bones with their features and functions AN2.4 Describe various types of cartilage with its structure & a) Differences between bones and cartilage distribution in body b) Characteristics features of cartilage c) Types of cartilage and their distribution in body AN2.5 Describe various joints with subtypes and examples a) Various classification of joints b) Features and different types of fibrous joints with examples c) Features of primary and secondary cartilaginous joints d) Different types of synovial joints e) Structure and function of typical synovial
    [Show full text]
  • The Health Bulletin [Serial]
    HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA This book must not be token from the Library building. Form No. 471 NOTICE TO READER.— When you finish reading this magazine place a one-cent stamp on this notice, hand same to »ny postal em- ployee and it will be placed in the hands of our soldiers or sailors atihe front. NO WRAPPING— NO ADDRESS. Thl5 BulkliAwillbe 5er\t free to qimj citizen of the State uporxreguest j as second-clasa Entered matter at Postoffice at Raleigh, N. C, under Act of July 16, 1894. Published monthly at the office ef the Secretary of the Board, Raleigh, N. O. Vol..XXXIII APRIL, 1918 No. 1 HOGS OR FOLKS, WHICH? seepages ONLY THE PEOPLE CAN LOOSE THE BONDS TABLE OF CONTENTS Hogs or Folks, Which ? 3 Physician Found Guilty 13 Sentekced to Prison oe Steriliza- More Intelligent Excitement tion 3 Needed 13 Soldiers and Tobacco 4 Paste This on Your Mirror 14 Popular Mistakes 4 What Vaccination Will Do 14 State Death Rate 5 Low Know How to Live 15 Three Things to Do 5 Spring Fever and Bran ... 16 Tanlac—The Master Medicine .... 5 Wheat Large Scars and Sore Arms Unneces- First Aid Instructions 17 sary 6 How to Stop Worrying 18 Cancer Not Inherited 7 Gasoline as an Emergency Medicine 19 School Epidemics 8 Don't Stand so Much 19 Where Ignorance is Crimin.a.l 9 Safe Guide to Healthful Eating. 19 Play is the Thing 10 Saving Mothers 20 How an Epidemic Developed 11 Why Register a Baby? 21 Sex Hygiene 12 Avoid Early Handicaps 21 Typhoid Bacillus Carries foe Over Why Nurse Your Baby ? 21 Forty Years 12 Have Early Diagnosis 22 Open-Air Schools 12 Symptoms of Tuberculosis 24 MEMBERS OF THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH J.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation of Respiratory Disease Chapter 4.2 (B)
    4.1 THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF CHEST DISEASES 347 Table 1 Modified Borg Scale∗ Chapter 4.1 Number Verbal description 10 Severe The clinical presentation of chest 9 diseases 8 Moderately severe 7 D. J. Lane 6 5 Moderate 4 The predominant symptoms of chest diseases are cough, breath- 3 lessness, chest pain and haemoptysis. 2 Slight 1 0 None ∗Modified from Borg, G.A.V. (1982). Psychological basis of perceived exertion. Cough Medical Science of Sports and Exercise, 14, 377–81. The cough reflex is initiated by stimulation of receptors in the larynx and major airways, by mechanical or chemical irritants. The afferent fibres run in branches of the superior laryngeal nerve and vagus. Haemoptysis A dry cough, short and repeated, is heard in tracheobronchitis A definite cause is only found in some 50 per cent of cases and it is and early pneumonia. In laryngitis the sound is hoarse and harsh. important to be sure that the blood does truly come from the lungs In abductor paralysis of the vocal cords it is prolonged and and not from the nose or gastrointestinal tract. Haemoptysis is a blowing. Weakness of thoracic muscles lessens the expulsive force classical presenting feature of tuberculosis, carcinoma, and bronchi- and cough may be suppressed when there is severe thoracic or ectasis, but there are many other causes, for instance Goodpasture’s upper abdominal pain. Cough with expectoration in the morning syndrome, mitral valve disease, coagulation defects, or even endo- is characteristic of chronic bronchitis and large volumes of yellow metriosis. It is rare in pulmonary embolism, when it reflects infarction sputum throughout the day suggests bronchiectasis.
    [Show full text]
  • Surface and Regional Anatomy 297
    Van De Graaff: Human IV. Support and Movement 10. Surface and Regional © The McGraw−Hill Anatomy, Sixth Edition Anatomy Companies, 2001 Surface and Regional 10 Anatomy Introduction to Surface Anatomy 297 Surface Anatomy of the Newborn 298 Head 300 Neck 306 Trunk 309 Pelvis and Perineum 318 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 319 Buttock and Lower Extremity 326 CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS 330 Clinical Case Study Answer 339 Chapter Summary 340 Review Activities 341 Clinical Case Study A 27-year-old female is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident. You examine the patient and find her to be alert but pale and sweaty, with breathing that is rapid and shallow. You see that she has distension of her right internal jugular vein visible to the jaw and neck. Her trachea is deviated 3 cm to the right of midline. She has tender contu- sions on her left anterior chest wall with minimal active bleeding over one of the ribs. During the brief period of your examination, the patient exhibits more respiratory distress, and her blood pressure begins to drop. You urgently insert a large-gauge needle into her left hemitho- rax and withdraw 20 cc of air. This results in immediate improvement in the patient’s breath- ing and blood pressure. Why does the patient have a distended internal jugular vein on the right side of her neck? Could this be related to a rapid drop in blood pressure? What is the clinical situation of this patient? Hint: As you read this chapter, note that knowledge of normal surface anatomy is vital to the FIGURE: In order to effectively administer medical treatment, it is imperative for a recognition of abnormal surface anatomy, and that the latter may be an easy clue to the pathol- physician to know the surface anatomy of each ogy lying deep within the body.
    [Show full text]
  • The Complete Poetry of James Hearst
    The Complete Poetry of James Hearst THE COMPLETE POETRY OF JAMES HEARST Edited by Scott Cawelti Foreword by Nancy Price university of iowa press iowa city University of Iowa Press, Iowa City 52242 Copyright ᭧ 2001 by the University of Iowa Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Design by Sara T. Sauers http://www.uiowa.edu/ϳuipress No part of this book may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. All reasonable steps have been taken to contact copyright holders of material used in this book. The publisher would be pleased to make suitable arrangements with any whom it has not been possible to reach. The publication of this book was generously supported by the University of Iowa Foundation, the College of Humanities and Fine Arts at the University of Northern Iowa, Dr. and Mrs. James McCutcheon, Norman Swanson, and the family of Dr. Robert J. Ward. Permission to print James Hearst’s poetry has been granted by the University of Northern Iowa Foundation, which owns the copyrights to Hearst’s work. Art on page iii by Gary Kelley Printed on acid-free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hearst, James, 1900–1983. [Poems] The complete poetry of James Hearst / edited by Scott Cawelti; foreword by Nancy Price. p. cm. Includes index. isbn 0-87745-756-5 (cloth), isbn 0-87745-757-3 (pbk.) I. Cawelti, G. Scott. II. Title. ps3515.e146 a17 2001 811Ј.52—dc21 00-066997 01 02 03 04 05 c 54321 01 02 03 04 05 p 54321 CONTENTS An Introduction to James Hearst by Nancy Price xxix Editor’s Preface xxxiii A journeyman takes what the journey will bring.
    [Show full text]
  • Ana Tomical Triangles J
    43 ANA TOMICAL TRIANGLES J. LESLIE PACE, M.D. Department of Anatomy, Royal University of Malta Anatomical description is given of certain areas in the human hody which have :.l triangular sha!)e and which are of anatomical or surgical importance. There are at lea;,t 30 describe,d ,anatomical triangles, many of which receive eponymous names. Some are of nUlrked importance and well known e.g. Scarpa's femoral triangle, Hesselbach's inguinal triangle, H!ld Petit '5 lumbar triangle; others arc of relative1y minor importance and n.ot so well-known e.g. Elau's, Friteau's and Assezat's triangles. Anatomical trianlfles are described in various regions .of the body e.g. Macewen's ana Trautmann's in the head regiml, Beclaud's and PirDgoff's in the neck region, He'lSelbach '5, Henke '5, Petit's amI Grynfeltt's in the ,abdominal wall region and Searpa's Hnd Weber's in the lower limb Tf~gion. Their size varies, some being large e.g. Scarpa's triangle, others being very small e.g. Macewen's triangle. The bDundaries of these triangular areas may cDnsist of muscle borders e.g. the triangle .of Lannier and the variDUS tria,ngles of the neck; of n111sc1e borders and· bony cn1"fac(1,~ e.g. P(~lit'.~l tri,f)ng]c, t]1(' tria11['1]" ,C)f M'll"('ille J;lIlfl t1H~ tl"i[J11~le of Auscultation; of muscle borders and blood ves,ds e.g. Uesselbach's; of imaginary line, clrawn hetween fixed bony points e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Automatic Adventitious Respiratory Sound Analysis: a Systematic Review
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Automatic adventitious respiratory sound analysis: A systematic review Renard Xaviero Adhi Pramono, Stuart Bowyer, Esther Rodriguez-Villegas* Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom * [email protected] Abstract a1111111111 Background a1111111111 Automatic detection or classification of adventitious sounds is useful to assist physicians in a1111111111 a1111111111 diagnosing or monitoring diseases such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Dis- a1111111111 ease (COPD), and pneumonia. While computerised respiratory sound analysis, specifically for the detection or classification of adventitious sounds, has recently been the focus of an increasing number of studies, a standardised approach and comparison has not been well established. OPEN ACCESS Citation: Pramono RXA, Bowyer S, Rodriguez- Objective Villegas E (2017) Automatic adventitious respiratory sound analysis: A systematic review. To provide a review of existing algorithms for the detection or classification of adventitious PLoS ONE 12(5): e0177926. https://doi.org/ respiratory sounds. This systematic review provides a complete summary of methods used 10.1371/journal.pone.0177926 in the literature to give a baseline for future works. Editor: Thomas Penzel, Charite - UniversitaÈtsmedizin Berlin, GERMANY Received: December 16, 2016 Data sources Accepted: May 5, 2017 A systematic review of English articles published between 1938 and 2016, searched using Published: May 26, 2017 the Scopus (1938-2016)
    [Show full text]
  • Complications of Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies
    Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Turk J Med Sci (2016) 46: 795-800 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/sag-1504-86 Complications of tracheobronchial foreign bodies Bayram ALTUNTAŞ*, Yener AYDIN, Atila EROĞLU Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey Received: 18.04.2015 Accepted/Published Online: 16.08.2015 Final Version: 19.04.2016 Background/aim: Tracheobronchial foreign bodies may cause several complications in the respiratory system. We aimed to present the complications of tracheobronchial foreign bodies. Materials and methods: Between January 1990 and March 2015, 813 patients with suspected tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration were hospitalized in our department. Patients with complications related to foreign bodies in airways were included in this study. We retrospectively evaluated the records of patients according to symptoms, foreign body type, localizations, and complications. Results: A foreign body was found in 701 of 813 patients (86.2%). Complications related to foreign bodies settled in airways were seen in 96 patients (13.7%). The most common complications were atelectasis and pneumonia in 36 (5.1%) and 26 (3.7%) patients, respectively. Other complications were bronchiectasis (n = 12, 1.7%), cardiopulmonary arrest (n = 11, 1.6%), bronchostenosis (n = 3, 0.4%), death (n = 2, 0.3%), migration of foreign body (n = 2, 0.3%), pneumomediastinum (n = 2, 0.3%), tracheal perforation (n = 1, 0.15%), pneumothorax (n = 1, 0.15%), and hemoptysis (n = 1, 0.15%). Coughing (n = 74, 77.1%) and diminished respiratory sounds (59.3%, n = 57) were the most common findings. Conclusion: Careful evaluation and rapid intervention are life-saving methods in tracheobronchial foreign body aspirations.
    [Show full text]