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High Conservation Value Forests in Tembec's Canal Flats

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High Conservation Value Forests in Tembec's Canal Flats High Conservation Value Assessment for HCV 1-3 in Canfor’s Operating Area in the East Kootenay Region, Southeastern British Columbia January 2019 Kari Stuart-Smith, PhD, RPBio. and Ian Johnson, RPF. Executive Summary High Conservation Values (HCVs) and their associated Areas (HCVAs) are defined by the Forest Stewardship Council as areas of exceptional ecological or social value. The identification of HCVAs is expected to advance sustainable forest management by providing certainty regarding the locations of areas of exceptional conservation value, and lead to the development of management strategies to ensure that these values are maintained or enhanced. This report summarizes the results of the formal review and update process to the original 2006 assessments for HCVs and HCVAs for Categories 1, 2 and 3 in Canfor’s operating areas in the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. These Categories include species diversity, landscape- level forests, and ecosystems and habitats (including rare, threatened and endangered species and ecosystems). The assessments were consistent with both the BC-FSC Standard (2005) and the draft FSC Canada National Forest Standard (D3-0). A technical advisory group (TAG) consisting of representatives from government, environmental non- governmental organizations, and Canfor was struck to complete the assessment, with assistance from experts in fields such as limnology and grizzly bear ecology. Collaboratively, the TAG identified 132 HCVs including: 6 fish species and 1 fisheries sensitive watershed 7 reptile and amphibian species 21 bird species 17 mammal species 6 invertebrate species 9 plant species, including 3 trees 1 endemic species (Alpine Larch) 4 types of areas with concentrations of vertebrates (extensive wetlands, Class 1 and 2 Ungulate Winter ranges, low elevation mountain passes, ungulate migration routes from summer to winter ranges) 3 types of refugia (intact watersheds, mountain passes, migration routes) 6 habitat elements (riparian, wetlands, old growth, broadleaf trees, high value snags, veteran trees) 1 type of large, landscape level forest (intact watersheds) 32 red and blue-listed plant communities 4 ecosystems in which old and mature forests are rare due to human activities 11 rare ecosystems (including karst and hot springs) 2 under-represented ecosystems Based on these HCVs, 189 HCVAs were identified, including 15 new and 8 proposed HCVAs which require detailed field work to determine if they will be designated. During the assessment process 4 HCVAs were deleted and 3 were moved to HCV Category 5 and 6 (Cultural and Conservation Value Areas). The majority of the HCVAs fall within Canfor’s FSC certified area in the East Kootenay. The HCVAs outside of Canfor’s operating area are not on FSC certified lands and are for information purposes only. Canfor’s approach to developing management strategies for the HCVAs is discussed, including the risk assessment methodology employed and the use of the precautionary principle. Detailed management strategies for the HCVAs are provided in a separate document. Canfor’s HCVA monitoring program is briefly reviewed; results can be found in separate reports. 2 Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Definitions of HCV, HCVF, and HCV Areas .............................................................................................. 5 1.2 History of HCV Assessment in the East Kootenay and Objectives of this Project ...................................... 7 1.3 The assessment area and surrounding landscape.......................................................................................... 7 1.4 Canfor Operations in the East Kootenay .................................................................................................... 10 2.0 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 General Approach to the HCV Assessment, Review, and Update ............................................................. 11 2.2 Assessment of High Conservation Values – HCV1 ................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Species-at-Risk, Rare Species, and Species of Regional Concern ......................................................... 12 2.2.2 Endemism .............................................................................................................................................. 15 2.2.3 Concentrations of Vertebrates................................................................................................................ 16 2.2.4 Refugia ................................................................................................................................................... 16 2.2.5 Biodiversity Hotspots ............................................................................................................................ 16 2.2.6 Ecological or evolutionary phenomena.................................................................................................. 16 2.2.7 Concentrations of Biodiversity Values .................................................................................................. 16 2.2.8 Large Landscape-Level Forests ............................................................................................................. 17 2.3 HCV Category 2 - Forest areas that are in or contain rare, threatened or endangered ecosystems. ........... 18 2.3.1 Forests designated as threatened or endangered at global, continental, or national levels ..................... 18 2.3.2 Red and Blue-listed Plant Communities ................................................................................................ 19 2.3.3 Old and mature forests where these are age classes are becoming rare due to human activities ........... 19 2.3.4 Rare Ecosystems .................................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.5 Ecosystems Under-Represented in Protected Areas .............................................................................. 20 2.4 Evaluation of HCVFs and Update to HCV Areas ...................................................................................... 21 3.0 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.0 MANAGEMENT STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................... 48 4.1 Risk Assessment Methodology and the Precautionary Principle ............................................................... 48 5.0 MONITORING .............................................................................................................................................. 51 5.0 REFERENCES AND RELEVANT DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................... 53 Appendix 1. Summary of changes to the HCVFs between 2006 and 2017 ........................................................... 54 Appendix 2. HCVA Technical Advisory Group (TAG) Participants .................................................................... 56 Appendix 3. Dates of TAG meetings ..................................................................................................................... 58 Appendix 4. Endangered, threatened, rare and regional species of concern in the East Kootenay and the results of their HCV assessment by the TAG. ............................................................................................................................. 59 Appendix 5. High Conservation Values in BC Category 1, excluding Species-At-Risk ........................................ 71 Appendix 6. Data used to identify large, landscape levels forests. ......................................................................... 73 Appendix 7. Red and blue-listed plant communities. ............................................................................................. 74 3 Appendix 8. Rare and under-represented ecosystems for HCV Category 2. .......................................................... 78 Appendix 9. Rare ecosystems within the East Kootenay. ......................................................................................... 79 Appendix 10. Mature and Old Forests ........................................................................................................................ 80 List of Tables Table 1: HCV and HCVF Definitions: FSC International (2015) vs FSC-BC (2005) ................................................... 5 Table 2. The landbase associated with Canfor Woodland Operations in the East Kootenay, excluding Wynwood. .. 10 Table 3. The volume associated with each management unit in Canfor's East Kootenay licenses. ............................. 10 Table 4. Road density classes used in the intact watershed assessment. ..................................................................... 18 Table 5. Final list of High Conservation Values in the East Kootenay Assessment Area. .........................................
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