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Bab Iii Analisis Naratif Kolom Sepak Bola Amir Machmud

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Bab Iii Analisis Naratif Kolom Sepak Bola Amir Machmud BAB III ANALISIS NARATIF KOLOM SEPAK BOLA AMIR MACHMUD N.S. PEMANFAATAN jurnalisme sastrawi sebagai strategi pewartaan dalam kolom- kolom sepak bola Amir Machmud N.S. pada substansinya berlandaskan pada ha- kikat eksistensi genre teks jurnalistik berupa kolom. Sesungguhnya ia merupakan adonan relevan antara teks naratif dengan perilaku komunikasi menawarkan ga- gasan melalui storytelling dan teks persuasif argumentatif dengan perilaku komu- nikasi melalui sodoran opini untuk memengaruhi pembaca agar memberi pembe- naran atas argumen-argumennya terkait topik yang tersaji. Perilaku berkomunikasi Amir Machmud N.S. dalam kolom-kolom sepak bolanya tersebut, sebetulnya merupakan semacam pembauran dua karakteristik teks. Pertama, teks naratif yang berkarakteristik storytelling tentang fakta-fakta peristiwa sepak bola dengan para pemain, mantan pemain, dan pelatih serta bisa juga para pundit (komentator ahli) berikut latar belakang kejadian (ajang kom- petisi, tingkat domestik atau internasional, klub) dan latar belakang waktu (tahun berlangsung ajang kompetisi atau tahun pendirian klub). Di sini juga terjadi inter- aksi antarindividu yang terjalin dengan peristiwa itu. Dengan demikian, semua merupakan fakta (sekurang-kurangnya fakta yang telah mengalami konstruksi media). Peminjaman peralatan teks prosa fiksional hanya sebatas pada penyusun- an fakta, bukan membaurkan fakta dengan rekaan. 126 Kedua, teks persuasif argumentatif yang mempunyai karakteristik sebagai penyampai opini kolumnis. Hal ini sejalan dengan teks jurnalistik genre kolom. Konsekuensi logis dari adanya karakteristik ini, dalam kolom juga terbuka ruang yang absah sesuai dengan sifat dasarnya bagi kolumnis untuk memengaruhi atau meyakinkan kepada para pembaca dengan kekuatan opini-opininya. Dengan demikian, pembahasan kolom-kolom sepak bola Amir Machmud N.S. pada puncak esensinya adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan sebuah teks me- mainkan storytelling sebagai strategi pewartaan untuk mengomunikasikan fakta- fakta dengan meminjam peralatan teks prosa fiksi sekaligus memasukkan atau menyertakan opini kolumnis yang terepresentasikan lewat kehadiran teks-teks persuasif argumentatif. Pola-pola yang menampakkan diri dari realitas pembauran antara teks-teks naratif dan teks-teks persuasif argumentatif, antara teks-teks yang mencirikan di- rinya sebagai karya jurnalistik dan teks-teks yang mencirikan dirinya sebagai kar- ya prosa fiksi tersebut, akan menjadi tawaran konsep-konsep teoretis yang pada gilirannya akan tersusun dari hasil kajian pembahasan ini. Misalnya cara-cara ber- komunikasi dengan memanfaatkan kalimat interogativa cenderung dominan teraplikasikan pada wilayah teks-teks persuasif argumentatif dan kalimat imperatif cenderung dominan teraplikasikan pada wilayah teks-teks naratif. Dalam pene- rapannya, ada kelengkapan kalimat-kalimat statemen. Sementara itu, pendeskripsian yang terkomunikasikan dengan mengha- dirkan peristiwa-peristiwa sepak bola, individu-individu yang mengisi peristiwa- peristiwa itu lengkap dengan setting nama ajang kompetisi, waktu, tempat ber- 127 langsung laga menjadi bagian dari kecenderungan teks-teks naratif. Dua garis besar konsep teoretis inilah yang setidaknya menunjukkan pola-pola yang ber- ulang pada kolom-kolom sepak bola di Rubrik “Free Kick”. 3.1 Teks Naratif dan Teks Persuasif Argumentatif Genre kolom sebagai salah satu karya jurnalistik memberi kesempatan kepada ko- lumnis menyampaikan opini pribadinya terkait dengan suatu peristiwa yang te- ngah aktual. Kolom-kolom sepak bola Amir Machmud N.S. berisikan pandang- an-pandangan pribadinya terhadap peristiwa-peristiwa sepak bola yang sedang ha- ngat sekitar sepekan sebelumnya. Bahkan, ada peristiwa sepak bola yang terjadi pada malam harinya dari saat kolom itu terbit sebagai bagian dari menu sajian di pagi hari. Bisa juga, opini kolumnis itu berpijak pada prediksinya tentang raihan suatu penghargaan tertinggi sepak bola yang bakal terjadi dalam waktu dekat. Kolom-kolom sepak bola Amir Machmud N.S. merupakan karya jurnalis- tik yang memberikan keleluasaan bagi pandangan-pandangan pribadi kolumnis. Pada realisasi penyajiannya, ada upaya kolumnis menerapkan storytelling sebagai bagian terpenting dari strategi pewartaan jurnalisme sastrawi. Opini pribadi ko- lumnis dan konsep storytelling itu kemudian berkolaborasi membentuk satu ke- satuan teks yang padu. Kedua unsur itu menjadi bagian-bagian yang saling men- dukung, tidak membentuk separatisme ekspresi. Wilayah kajian teks-teks naratif antara lain tertuju pada bagaimana upaya kolumnis mendeskripsikan individu (terutama individu sentral), memaknai peris- tiwa sepak bola, serta melengkapinya dengan setting tempat dan waktu. Selan- 128 jutnya, opini pribadi kolumnis (teks persuasif argumentatif) masuk ke dalam wilayah teks-teks naratif itu. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, komposisi pemakaian teks-teks naratif lebih menunjukkan kecenderungan dominasi daripada teks-teks persuasif argumentatif. Berikut tabel perbandingannya: TABEL I Teks Naratif dan Teks Persuasif Argumentatif dalam Kolom Sepak Bola di Rubrik “Free Kick” No Kolom Teks Teks Catatan (waktu pemuatan) Naratif Persuasif Argumen- tatif A Pusat Tematik pada Pemain 1. Rekor Brutal Messi 14 paragraf 6 paragraf Dominan (16-12-2012) (515 kata) (283 kata) teks naratif 2. Melodrama Frank Lampard 13 paragraf 4 paragraf Dominan (6-1-2013) (600 kata) (138 kata) teks naratif 3. Karena Ada Handsball 12 paragraf 5 paragraf Dominan (13-1-2013) (468 kata) (159 kata) teks naratif 4. Tersenyumlah Balotelli 8 paragraf 9 paragraf Dominan (3-2-2013) (393 kata) (303 kata) teks naratif 5. Mudik Indah David de Gea 11 paragraf 4 paragraf Dominasi (17-2-2013) (550 kata) (119 kata) teks naratif 6. Suka dan Luka Ronaldo 14 paragraf 4 paragraf Dominan (10-3-2013) (494 kata) (104 kata) teks naratif 7. Rona Rooney (21-7-2013) 11 paragraf 9 paragraf Dominan (442 kata) (246 kata) teks naratif 8. Fenomena Gareth Bale 11 paragraf 8 paragraf Dominan (4-8-2013) (500 kata) (219 kata) teks naratif 129 9. Rindu Gascoigne 16 paragraf 3 paragraf Dominan (15-12-2013) (659 kata) (95 kata) teks naratif B Pusat Tematik pada Klub 10. Tafsir Sejarah AC Milan 9 paragraf 5 paragraf Dominan (24-2-2013) (459 kata) (179 kata) teks naratif 11. Barca, “Halaman 7 paragraf 8 paragraf Dominan Berikutnya” (3-3-2013) (349 kata) (316 kata) teks naratif 12. Sambutlah The Gunners! 9 paragraf 9 paragraf Dominan (14-7-2013) (503 kata) (310 kata) teks naratif 13. Menang Penuh Gaya 10 paragraf 6 paragraf Dominan (25-8-2013) (532 kata) (196 kata) teks naratif 14. Rumah yang Nyaman 8 paragraf 7 paragraf Dominan (15-9-2013) (387 kata) (222 kata) teks naratif C Pusat Tematik pada Pelatih 15. Tak Cukup Hanya Ideologi 11 paragraf 6 paragraf Dominan (27-1-2013) (488 kata) (227 kata) teks naratif 16. Kini, “Madrid Ancelotti” 10 paragraf 7 paragraf Dominan (18-8-2013) (444 kata) (312 kata) teks naratif 17. Secepat Apakah MU 10 paragraf 7 paragraf Dominan Bangkit? (2-3-2014) (382 kata) (306 kata) teks naratif Realitas data yang menunjukkan adanya dominasi teks naratif dalam kolom-kolom sepak bola Amir Machmud N.S. di rubrik “Free Kick” merupakan sinyal kuat yang membuka diri bagi pemungkinan penerapan jurnalisme sastrawi. Uraian berikutnya adalah pertanggungjawaban logis, kenapa teks dalam suatu paragraf mendapat klaim sebagai teks naratif dan teks persuasif argumentatif. 130 3.1.1 Kolom dengan Pusat Tematik Pemain 3.1.1.1 “Rekor Brutal” Messi (16 Desember 2012) Teks-teks naratif dalam “Rekor Brutal” Messi (lihat Lampiran I) yang berpijak dari prediksi Amir Machmud N.S., bahwa Lionel Messi memang berhak meraih predikat pemain terbaik FIFA Balon d’Or 2012, antara lain tampak pada upayanya mendeskripsikan individu sentral itu. Kolumnis memaparkan gambaran individu sentral itu: Dunia menjadi milik Lionel Andres Messi, tetapi ia memberi pelajaran yang tak setiap bintang bisa melakoninya: tetap santun menjejak bumi (paragraf ke-1). Paragraf ke-1 merupakan teks naratif berupa paparan cerita ringkas (hanya terdiri atas satu kalimat) dan bersifat introduktif tentang kualitas kemanusiaan seorang Lionel Messi sebagai pesepak bola. Dalam kalimat ini terkandung dua informasi naratif, yaitu peristiwa (a) Messi seorang pesepak bola terkenal dan memiliki sikap santun dan (b) tidak semua bintang mampu melakukan hal serupa dan karena itu dia menjadi sosok yang patut menjadi suri teladan (setidaknya hingga belum mencuat kasus upaya penggelapan pajak yang juga melibatkan ayahnya). Temuan unsur cerita ini merupakan bukti bahwa bagian ini merupakan teks naratif. Selanjutnya, kolumnis menulis: Karakteristiknya yang seperti terjaga dari segala jenis bla-bla-bla, kehidupan pribadinya yang normal, kerendahatiannya di tengah langit prestasi dan rekor demi rekor, membuat ia mengetengahkan “per- bedaan” dibandingkan dengan banyak bintang sebelumnya, juga yang seang- katan dan menjadi pesaingnya (paragraf ke-2). Bagian ini juga lebih dekat dengan 131 teks naratif, karena memberikan paparan cerita untuk memperkuat sejumlah kua- litas kepribadian Messi. Paragraf ke-3 merupakan teks persuasif argumentatif berupa opini ko- lumnis yang memandang sah-sah saja Lionel Messi menjalani kehidupan kema- habintangannya dengan penuh kesahajaan, sama sahnya dengan Cristiano Ro- naldo menikmati kemasyhuran dengan gaya hidup eksklusif. Tentu sah-sah saja megabintang seperti Cristiano Ronaldo menikmati kemasyhuran dengan gaya hidup eksklusif dan sikap sebagai primadona. Sah-sah pula pendekatan tentang karier, hidup, dan kehidupan yang melekat sebagai kepribadian Messi. Perkara ada yang suka atau
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