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Maori Sovereignty’

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Maori Sovereignty’ 1 ‘Maori Sovereignty’ Donna Awatere 1982 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History at the University of Canterbury by Laura Kamau University of Canterbury 2010 2 ‘Theory is capable of gripping the masses as soon as it demonstrates ad hominem, and it demonstrates ad hominem as soon as it becomes radical. To be radical is to grasp the root of the matter.’ 1 1 Marx, Karl, Critique of Hegel’s ‘Philosophy of Right’ (1970), p. 137. 3 Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 6 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter One - Introduction ........................................................................................................ 9 Chapter Two – Literature Review ............................................................................................ 16 The Historiography of Maori Sovereignty ........................................................................... 16 The Historiography of Tino Rangatiratanga ........................................................................ 27 The Historiography of Nation States .................................................................................... 36 The Historiography of a Maori Nation State ........................................................................ 42 Chapter Three – Maori Political Theory .................................................................................. 53 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 53 The Origins of Maori Political Theory ................................................................................. 54 Mana Whenua ...................................................................................................................... 57 The Treaty of Waitangi 1840 ............................................................................................... 63 Tino Rangatiratanga ............................................................................................................. 68 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 71 Chapter Four – Decolonisation and Maori Sovereignty .......................................................... 73 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 73 Mahatma Gandhi .................................................................................................................. 74 Black America ...................................................................................................................... 78 ‘Equality’ .............................................................................................................................. 79 Chapter Five - Feminism and Maori Sovereignty .................................................................... 94 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 94 Sexism .................................................................................................................................. 95 Racism ................................................................................................................................ 101 4 Capitalism........................................................................................................................... 108 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 111 Chapter Six - Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 114 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 119 Works by Donna Awatere .................................................................................................. 119 Personal Communication ................................................................................................ 119 Articles............................................................................................................................ 119 Books .............................................................................................................................. 120 Articles in Books ............................................................................................................ 120 Primary Sources ................................................................................................................. 120 Articles............................................................................................................................ 120 Secondary Sources ............................................................................................................. 122 Website Addresses ............................................................................................................. 124 Appendices ............................................................................................................................. 125 Appendix One .................................................................................................................... 125 Interview with Donna Awatere ....................................................................................... 125 Appendix Two ....................................................................................................................... 134 Mana Wahine Seminar Series 2010 – Donna Awatere-Huata 30 March 2010 .................. 134 Appendix Three ..................................................................................................................... 141 Letter to King William 1831 .............................................................................................. 141 Appendix Four ....................................................................................................................... 142 He Whakaputanga o Te Rangatiratanga o Nu Tireni ......................................................... 142 Declaration of Independence of New Zealand ................................................................... 143 Appendix Five ........................................................................................................................ 144 Te Tiriti o Waitangi ............................................................................................................ 144 The Treaty of Waitangi ...................................................................................................... 145 5 6 Acknowledgements This thesis truly reflects the person that I am today and I am grateful to have been introduced to the wonders of Donna Awatere’s political theory by my supervisor, mentor and friend, Dr. Te Maire Tau. I will always be indebted to him for his patience, his perseverance, the impossible, but in the end, achievable tasks that he challenged me with and at times his brutal honesty in the construction, development and finishing of this thesis; I owe this man a few years worth of Rewana Bread. For his efforts in polishing off this ‘diamond in the roughest’ I will be eternally grateful for his encouragement and because of it I would like to further explore and legitimise Awatere’s political theory. I would also like to express my deepest gratitude to Donna Awatere and her husband Wi Huata for allowing me to undertake this study and for the personal insights and warm welcome I received in their home. I thank you once again, doing this thesis gave me the utmost and unending appreciation of your intellect Donna, your struggle and the thankless work that you have achieved by creating pathways and choices for my generation. Again I could never thank you enough. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Judy Robertson and Judith Yeatman for the impossible task of administrating at times a very difficult student but made my thesis easier to cope with and I thank each of them. Thanks also goes out to Ripeka Hurunui, Ariana Te Whetu, Karen Morgan and the Maori Development Team for their unending support and a few cups of coffee in the development of and in the finishing of this thesis. A very special thank you goes out to Te Akatoki Maori Students Association and Te Whare Akonga o Te Akatoki for pulling me out of the depths of despair and for the good and happy times that I have spent at this University. Thanks go out to the School of Humanities in particular Maureen and her team for the beautiful facilities that I was able to utilise in the construction 7 of this thesis. I would like to thank also my colleagues and life-long friends that I have made on Level Two for their stimulating conversations, our loud and passionate debates, being sounding boards and their brilliant analysis, I wish them all well in their chosen paths. Lastly I would like to thank my family, who have supported me throughout my academic career. To my late father, I thank you for your inspiration, your knowledge, your articulation and your love of history; it is through you that I have found and have continued in this path. To
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