SDG Industry Matrix for Energy, Natural Resources and Chemicals
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What Is the Minnesota Clean Fuels Policy?
RENEWABLE NATURAL GAS IN A MINNESOTA CLEAN FUELS POLICY Fall 2020 This case study, prepared by the Great Plains Institute, explores how renewable natural gas could perform in a Minnesota clean fuels policy. What is the Minnesota clean fuels policy? Led by the Great Plains Institute, the Minnesota clean fuels policy (CFP) is a proposed market-based policy to reward any fuel that could offer a greenhouse gas advantage in the transportation sector, without picking winners or losers. It would reduce the use of higher-carbon fuels and support commercial deployment of lower-carbon fuels, including biofuels, natural gas, and electricity for vehicles. A CFP, like the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard, sets a standard for reduced carbon intensity of transportation fuels over time, otherwise known as a baseline carbon intensity standard. Carbon intensity is a measure of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production of a specific fuel. Fuel producers receive incentives in the form of credits from lowering their carbon intensity through production process efficiency improvement, switching to lower-carbon fuel or feedstocks, and other mechanisms that decarbonize the supply chain. These changes reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector. Fuel producers that do not meet the annual standard must purchase alternative fuel or credits to comply with the program while those that are under the standard generate credits based on the carbon reduced, creating an “opportunity zone” as demonstrated in figure 1. Figure 1. Clean fuels policy market logic Figure 1 shows the carbon intensity of the standard becoming more stringent over time and two example low carbon fuel pathways, Fuel A and Fuel B. -
Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1
CK-12 FOUNDATION Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 Akre CK-12 Foundation is a non-profit organization with a mission to reduce the cost of textbook materials for the K-12 market both in the U.S. and worldwide. Using an open-content, web-based collaborative model termed the “FlexBook,” CK-12 intends to pioneer the generation and distribution of high-quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an adaptive environment for learning. Copyright © 2010 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution/Non-Commercial/Share Alike 3.0 Un- ported (CC-by-NC-SA) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/), as amended and updated by Creative Commons from time to time (the “CC License”), which is incorporated herein by this reference. Specific details can be found at http://about.ck12.org/terms. Printed: October 11, 2010 Author Barbara Akre Contributor Jean Battinieri i www.ck12.org Contents 1 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 1 1.1 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis ............................... 1 1.2 Lesson 18.2: Natural Resources .................................. 32 2 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part I 49 2.1 Chapter 18: Ecology and Human Actions ............................ 49 2.2 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis ............................... 49 2.3 Lesson 18.2: Natural Resources .................................. 53 www.ck12.org ii Chapter 1 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 1.1 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis Lesson Objectives • Compare humans to other species in terms of resource needs and use, and ecosystem service benefits and effects. -
Natural Resources, Spring 1999
NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION TASK FORCE REPORT PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The views expressed in this report are those of the Task Force members and were not the subject of endorsement by the full Council. Many of the federal officials who serve on the Council also serve on the Council’s Task Forces and participated actively in developing the Task Force’s recommendations, but those recommendations do not necessarily reflect Administration policy. PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TASK-FORCE-REPORT-ON-NATURAL RESOURCES To obtain copies of this Report, please contact: President’s Council on Sustainable Development 730 Jackson Place, NW Washington, D.C. 20503 1-800-363-3732 (202) 408-5296 Website: http://www.whitehouse.gov/PCSD TASK FORCE MEMBERSHIP CO-CHAIRS Richard Barth, Chairman, President, and CEO, Ciba-Geigy Corporation James R. Lyons, Undersecretary for Natural Resources and the Environment, U.S. Department of Agriculture Theodore Strong, Executive Director, Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission MEMBERS Bruce Babbitt, Secretary, U.S. Department of the Interior James Baker, Undersecretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce Carol Browner, Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency A.D. Correll, Chairman and CEO, Georgia-Pacific Corporation Fred D. Krupp, Executive Director, Environmental Defense Fund Michele Perrault, International Vice President, Sierra Club John C. Sawhill, President and CEO, The Nature Conservancy PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TASK-FORCE-REPORT-ON-NATURAL RESOURCES TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE. i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. ii INTRODUCTION. 1 CHAPTER 1:TASK FORCE APPROACH. 5 The Role of the Watershed. -
A Clean Fuels Policy for the Midwest a WHITE PAPER from the MIDWESTERN CLEAN FUELS POLICY INITIATIVE
A Clean Fuels Policy for the Midwest A WHITE PAPER FROM THE MIDWESTERN CLEAN FUELS POLICY INITIATIVE January 7, 2020 A Clean Fuels Policy for the Midwest About the Great Plains Institute A nonpartisan, nonprofit organization, the Great Plains Institute (GPI) is transforming the energy system to benefit the economy and environment. Working across the US, we combine a unique consensus-building approach, expert knowledge, research and analysis, and local action to find and implement lasting solutions. Our work strengthens communities and provides greater economic opportunity through creation of higher paying jobs, expansion of the nation’s industrial base, and greater domestic energy independence while eliminating carbon emissions. Learn more: www.betterenergy.org Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Bernard and Anne Spitzer Charitable Trust, the MacArthur Foundation, and the McKnight Foundation for financially supporting the collaborative stakeholder discussion that informed this white paper, and to the McKnight Foundation, the American Coalition for Ethanol, and Union of Concerned Scientists for supporting the modeling work that informed the stakeholder engagement. We are grateful to all the participants in the Midwestern Clean Fuels Policy Initiative for devoting their time and expertise to finding a portfolio approach for promoting clean fuels in the Midwest, the Steering Committee for overseeing the process, and the McKnight Foundation for hosting many of the stakeholder meetings. ICF provided modeling and analysis that informed the discussions of the Midwestern Clean Fuels Policy Initiative. ii GREAT PLAINS INSTITUTE A Clean Fuels Policy for the Midwest Contents About the Great Plains Institute .................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................ ii Midwestern Clean Fuels PoliCy Initiative ..................................................................... -
Scientist Shines Laser Light on Methane in Pursuit of Clean Fuel 22 October 2009
Scientist shines laser light on methane in pursuit of clean fuel 22 October 2009 An abundant greenhouse gas could someday help unexpected practice of rice cultivation. Methane has clean up the earth. Converting methane to liquid ample natural and human-caused sources and is a methanol could produce clean, low-cost fuel and byproduct of wetlands, wildfires, permafrost, prevent the potent greenhouse gas from entering landfills, agricultural applications, coal mining, the atmosphere. Exploiting methane in this way stationary and mobile combustion, wastewater could also produce a hydrogen source for fuel cells treatment and certain industrial processes. and yield other industrial applications. "Unfortunately, almost half of the proven reserve of The key to taming methane, and synthesizing it in methane is 'stranded,'" Dube says. "Access to the the laboratory, rests in identifying the starter link in natural gas is effectively blocked by terrain and the methane's armor chain of hydrocarbons. economies of converting natural gas to liquid for efficient transport. A compact, high-gain process is A National Science Foundation grant is supporting needed that would convert methane gas to a room a novel approach using laser light to convert temperature liquid, such as diesel, and be methane into methanol. Roger Dube, research sufficiently portable to enable access to stranded professor at Rochester Institute of Technology's gas." Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, won the $79,000 exploratory research award to Source: Rochester Institute of Technology (news : apply optical catalytic conversion to the problem. web) Dube will use finely tuned laser light, not heat, to reduce the barrier to reaction in methane and to create longer chain molecules or fuels. -
Water Demand Management, Natural Resource Reconstruction and Traditional Value Systems: a Case Study from Yemen
WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE RECONSTRUCTION AND TRADITIONAL VALUE SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY FROM YEMEN Occasional Paper No. 14 Water Issues Study Group School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) University of London By G. LichtenthŠler & A.R. Turton gl3&soas.ac.uk & [email protected] INTRODUCTION: Previous research has shown that under conditions of extreme water scarcity, such as in the Middle East, natural resource reconstruction can take place (Allen & Karshenas, 1996). This may not always be the case however, as certain societies seem better able to cope with this process than others. This phenomenon has been linked to the adaptive capacity of a society (Turton, 1999) where it has been shown that all social entities are not equally endowed. A shortage of adaptive capacity has been redefined as a second- order scarcity (Ohlsson, 1998; 1999). What is currently being regarded by most researchers as a manifestation of resource scarcity is in fact probably the result of a second-order scarcity of social resources, which impacts in turn on the way that social entities deal with the first order scarcity of a natural resource such as water. In terms of this thinking, a shift in emphasis to second-order scarcities would be appropriate. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that in a society where resource capture is being actively pursued, natural resource reconstruction is unlikely to occur because it reduces the overall legitimacy of the political system (Turton, 1999). A study of these aspects in Yemen (LichtenthŠler, 1999) is therefore considered to be extremely fruitful because of four fundamental reasons. -
Optimize and Protect Your Natural Resources
Get involved with EQIP The EQIP application process is continuous throughout the year. Information and applications Optimize can be obtained at any local NRCS Field Office. To find out if EQIP is a perfect fit for your operation, contact your local NRCS office at a and protect USDA Service Center in your area or click on to www.wa.nrcs.usda.gov. your natural Application Process The EQIP application process consists of the resources... EQIP can help producers improve irrigation water following five steps: efficiency. water that is lost to the field. 1. A landowner submits an application to In order to improve the application of water a local USDA Service Center, NRCS and make it more uniform, sprinkler irrigation office, or conservation district office. systems are cost-shared and installed. These 2. NRCS ranks each application using the systems apply water to the plant when needed locally developed natural resources at a rate the soil can manage. There is no deep ranking process. percolation or runoff with the sprinkler irrigation 3. When funds are allocated, NRCS system. What this means is a better use of the commits funds to high ranking resources; water, power, fertilizer, and chemicals applications. which equals better quality crops. 4. NRCS works with the applicant to develop an EQIP conservation plan and Irrigation Water Management contract containing practices which will With the installation of new irrigation solve identified resource problems. systems, landowners need to learn how and when 5. Following contract signature by to apply water. For most of the new systems it NRCS and the selected entity, funds is possible to apply water almost anytime it is are obligated to the project and the needed. -
Why Is Energy Access Not Enough for Choosing Clean Cooking Fuels? Sustainable Development Goals and Beyond
ADBI Working Paper Series WHY IS ENERGY ACCESS NOT ENOUGH FOR CHOOSING CLEAN COOKING FUELS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND BEYOND Zhanna Kapsalyamova, Ranjeeta Mishra, Aiymgul Kerimray, Kamalbek Karymshakov, and Dina Azhgaliyeva No. 1234 March 2021 Asian Development Bank Institute Zhanna Kapsalyamova is an assistant professor at the Department of Economics of EREC, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Ranjeeta Mishra is a project consultant at Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Tokyo, Japan. Aiymgul Kerimray is a postdoctoral researcher at the Center of Physical and Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Kamalbek Karymshakov is an economist at the Chief Economist Group, CAREC Institute, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China. Dina Azhgaliyeva is a research fellow at ADBI, Tokyo, Japan. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, ADB, its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. Working papers are subject to formal revision and correction before they are finalized and considered published. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. The Asian Development Bank refers to “Kyrgyzstan” as the Kyrgyz Republic. -
Policy Brief 02
ACCELERATING SDG 7 ACHIEVEMENT POLICY BRIEF 02 ACHIEVING UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO CLEAN AND MODERN COOKING FUELS, TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES ACCELERATING SDG 7 ACHIEVEMENT POLICY BRIEFS IN SUPPORT OF THE FIRST SDG 7 REVIEW AT THE UN HIGH-LEVEL POLITICAL FORUM 2018 Lead Organizations PAKISTAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS Facilitated by UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS With the financial support from Governments of Norway, Netherlands, and China through the UN sub-trust fund for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as well as the European Commission, ENERGIA and HIVOS 1 POLICY BRIEF #2 ACHIEVING UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO CLEAN AND MODERN COOKING FUELS, TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES Developed by World Health Organization (WHO), International Energy Agency (IEA), Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GACC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Energising Development (EnDev) and World Bank 2 ACCELERATING SDG7 ACHIEVEMENT KEY MESSAGES Importance of clean-cooking solutions for achievement of SDG 7 • Universal access to clean and modern cooking fuels and technology is an integral element of ensuring that the broader aims of SDG 7— universal access to modern energy services—are achieved by 2030. Cooking solutions also advance other SDGs, including good health and well-being, gender equality, climate action, and eliminating poverty. • Despite significant progress on other SDG 7 indicators, access to cooking solutions remains a distant possibility for the 3 billion people—40 per cent of households globally—who still rely on traditional cooking systems daily. An assessment of recent trends and policies indicates that without additional efforts, 2.3 billion people will still be without clean cooking access in 2030. -
Carbonomics the Rise of Clean Hydrogen
EQUITY RESEARCH | July 8, 2020 | 11:34PM BST Carbonomics The Rise of Clean Hydrogen Clean hydrogen has a major role to play in the path towards net zero carbon, providing de-carbonization solutions in the most challenging parts of the Carbonomics cost curve - including long-haul transport, steel, chemicals, heating and long-term power storage. Clean hydrogen cost competitiveness is also closely linked to cost deflation and large scale developments in renewable power and carbon capture (two key technologies to produce it), creating three symbiotic pillars of de-carbonization. Clean hydrogen is gaining strong political and business momentum, emerging as a major component in governments' net zero plans such as the European Green Deal. This is why we believe that the hydrogen value chain deserves serious focus after three false starts in the past 50 years. Hydrogen is very versatile, both in its production and consumption: it is light, storable, has high energy content per unit mass and can be readily produced at an industrial scale. The key challenge comes from the fact that hydrogen (in its ambient form as a gas) is the lightest element and so has a low energy density per unit of volume, making long-distance transportation and storage complex and costly. In this report we analyze the clean hydrogen company ecosystem, the cost competitiveness of green and blue hydrogen in key applications and its key role in Carbonomics: the green engine of economic recovery. Michele Della Vigna, CFA Zoe Stavrinou Alberto Gandolfi +44 20 7552-9383 +44 20 7051-2816 +44 20 7552-2539 [email protected] [email protected] alberto.gandolfi@gs.com Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. -
Natural Resource Economics - Jason F
ECONOMICS INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES – Vol. II - Natural Resource Economics - Jason F. Shogren NATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICS Jason F. Shogren University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA Keywords: natural resource, natural resource economics, non-renewable resource, renewable resource, biodiversity, non-market valuation Contents 1. Introduction 2. Non-renewable Resources 2.1 Optimal Depletion 2.2 Resource Scarcity 2.3 Energy 3. Renewable Resources 3.1 Fisheries (or Groundwater) 3.2 Forests 3.3 Commons and Property Rights 3.4 Regulation and Incentives 4. Protecting Biodiversity 5. Climate Protection 6. Non-market Valuation 7. Concluding Comments Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary Natural resource economics examines how society can more efficiently use its scarce natural resources, both non-renewable resources, such as minerals and fossil fuels, and renewable resources, such as fisheries and forests. Theory and empirical research explores alternative models on how people and societies choose to use and manage their limited resources. For non-renewable resources, natural resource economics suggests that theUNESCO efficient path to extract such resources – EOLSS over time is to balance the market price with both the marginal extraction costs and the opportunity cost, or shadow price of extracting the resource sooner rather than later. This shadow price is also called the user cost, resourceSAMPLE royalty, or scarcity rent. User CHAPTERS costs capture the idea that there is an additional cost for extracting a resource today since it cannot be extracted tomorrow. Theory also suggests the scarcity rent should grow at a rate equal to the rate of interest. This is called Hotelling’s rule, which says that a unit of resource extracted in any period should yield the same rent, in present value terms. -
Arlington's Natural Resources Management Plan
ARLINGTON COUNTY, VIRGINIA Natural Resources Management Plan AN ELEMENT OF ARLINGTON COUNTY’S COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ADOPTED November 13, 2010 State Champion Post Oak Natural Resources Management Plan November 2010 Arlington County Board Jay Fisette, Chairman, Christopher Zimmerman, Vice-Chairman, and Members Barbara A. Favola, Mary Hughes Hynes and J. Walter Tejada Barbara M. Donnellan, County Manager Dinesh Tiwari, Director, Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Resources Caroline Temmermand, Division Chief, Parks and Natural Resources Division The Natural Resources Management Plan was prepared by Greg Zell, Natural Resource Specialist, Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Resources, Parks and Natural Resources Division, Conservation and Interpretation Section. The following individuals provided assistance in the development of the Natural Resources Management Plan: Jamie Bartalon, Landscape and Forestry Section Supervisor; Larry Finch, Chairman, Urban Forestry Commission; Mary Ann Lawler, Urban Forestry Commission; Steve Campbell, Urban Forestry Commission; Dean Amel, Environment and Energy Conservation Commission; Shannon Cunniff, Chairman, Environment and Energy Conservation Commission; Caroline Haynes, Park and Recreation Commission, and Jim Olivetti, Park and Recreation Commission. Front Cover Photo Credits: John White, Gary Fleming, Greg Zell, and the Arlington County Department of Community Planning, Housing & Development. Other report photos by Greg Zell, unless otherwise indicated. Map Credits: Arlington County Department