W(JltltEItS ,,1NfifJl1lt' 25¢ + ...... No. 109 ...... )(·5:13 14 May 1976 S.F. Ci Workers Strike Knifed in the Back SAN FRA;\ICISCO. May 10--The 38- had sought the court order. Later day-old strike of 1.900 S. F. municipal accounts indicate that this group is craft workers collapsed Saturday. rep­ working in cahoots with hard-line anti­ resenting a stinging defeat for Ba~ labor supervisors Quentin Kopp and Area labor at the hands of the \icious John Barba1!elata. union-busting Board of Supervisors. The final ~hours of negotiations were The responsibility for this fiasco rests stalled over selection of the final squarely with the Central Labor Coun­ member of the "study committee." The cil (CLC) and the leaders of the striking Board insisted on Democrat Moscone crafts unions. as the "neutral," but CLC leaders had a The strike which began O\er the issue little trouble swallowing this .final of threatened cuts in city tradesmen's humiliation. Plumbers union leader .Ioe pay quickly became a pivotal test of Ma770la complained. "Moscone's been strength between the labor movement seen on the television time and time and city bosses. Yet the CLC misleaders again claiming the Supervisors are right continually refused to mobili7e S.F. and the unions are wrong" (San Francis­ union ranks for the necessary show­ c() Chronic/e. 8 May). Moscone also down battle. showing their April 6 brought in out-of-town scabs to repair general strike call to be an empty bluff. broken water mains and dispatched More than any other recent U.S. police to break up anti-scab demonstra­ strike. the San Franci~c(l cit\ I\orker~ tions. The irony is that \1oscone was strike has starkly re\caled the role of the elected last :"JO\ember with the help of union bureaucracy as trai,ors to the the labor leaders. who billed him as the working cia,s. and its Dcmocratic Party "friend of labor" successor to their pal trieods it\ ,worn enemie<; of all Iailor. Joseph :\linlo. HO\\c'\cr. in the end [he final back-to-work agreement CLC tops knuckitti umier and accepkd was nothing but a smokescreen for total the mavor as de facto arbitrator. surrender. All the issues in dispute are to In actuality. the haggling O\er the be turned over to an II-member "stud\' composition of the "study committee" committee" consisting of an equal was simply face-sa\ing for the labor number of labor and city represen­ traitors. since its recommendations are tatives. plus one mutuall~ agreed­ to be turned over to the Board of upon "neutral" ... strike-breaking may­ Supervisors for action by June 10. As or George Moscone' In return. the supenisor Diane Feinstein gloated, the supervisors agreed to remove Proposi­ Board was able to "settle without tions E and K from the .Iune 8 city putting any money on the table. I don't ballot. (Proposition E would require know of any jurisdiction that has been dismissal of striking city workers: able to accomplish that anywhere" (San Proposition K would spread the pro­ Francisco Examiner. 9 May). posed pay cuts ovcr three years.) However. as we go to press. Superior An Orgy of Backstabbing Judge Robert Drews has nullified the The final days of the strike were agreement dropping the anti-labor marked by an orgy of backstabbing as propositions. The San Francisco Exam­ the union leaders tried to make separate WV Photo iner today reported that "a group of city deals with the Board. The stampede was Strike pickets face cops at S.F. city hall last month. residents" including several attorneys continued on page 10 Ulrike Meinhof Killed in West German Jail

MAY IO--West German authorities hof hanging at the window rails from a but the demonstration was banned by announced yesterday that Ulrike Mein­ piece of her prison toweling." The the police, on the grounds that it hoL one of the leaders of the Red Army official autopsy was performed instant­ "endangered public security." The cops Faction (RAF), referred to in the ly. without either the dead woman's next proceeded to viciously attack and capitalist press as the "Baader-Meinhof of kin or her lawyers having been disperse the protesters. Gang." on trial in Stuttgart for alleged permitted to examine the body. More­ From the outset it has been clear that terrorist activities, was found hanged in over, although not one shred of evidence the case against Meinhof and her co­ her cell yesterday morning. has been presented suggesting suicide, defendants is a frame-up orchestrated The circumstances of the Meinhof the ".I ustice" \1 inister of Baden­ by the Bundeskriminalamt (Federal killing are suspicious in the extreme. WUrtemburg. Traugott Bender, has Criminal Office) as part of a witchhunt Prison authorities labeled it a suicide, refused to permit an international campaign against. radicals of every ~ but then claimed to be "mystified" that commission to carry out an persuasion. The trial. in a specially ~ no suicide note was found even though investigation. constructed multi-million dollar securi­ she had been heard typing the night Bender also stated that "the claim that ty fortress, has been marked by reliance before. Moreover. a UPI dispatch Frau Meinhof was the victim of a on notorious informers, police invasion quoted the victim's sister saying Ulrike planned murder is slanderous" and of lawyers' offices, seizure of defense Meinhof had warned her against being threatened legal proceedings against materials. prosecution of defense attor­ taken in by any story of suicide: "She any defense lawyer who made such a neys for "contributing to a criminal said if it ever were reported that she charge. conspiracy." There has also been judi­ killed herself then I would know she had The official suicide story has met with cial gagging of the defendants. who are Keystone been murdered." widespread disbelief and justified out­ not permitted to confer with ,?ne Ulrike Meinhof Today's /Vell' York Times stated that rage. In Frankfurt some 600 demon­ another and whose attempts to make a prison guard had "found Miss Mein- strators protested against the killing. continued on page 9 Provocateur's Last Assignment: "Assassinate George Jackson" Spectacular Revelations in San Quentin SixT rial a CCS plant in the Black Panther Part\'. stationed. It also clashed with the ment." However. the judge's order for Free the San Quentin Melvin Smith. to recruit Panthers fro~ statement at the time of the murder by such minimal amelioration as daily LosAngcles for an attempt in late 1970 San Quentin associate warden Park that exercise time in fresh air and without Six, Victims of Cop to free George Jackson from a court­ "The only good thing that happened all chains has been stayed in higher court. Conspiracy! room where a connected case was being day was that we got George Jackson. Of the 26 surviving AC prisoners. the heard. Jackson and the other Panthers killed him. Shot him through the head" six chosen to stand trial were all MA Y 7 -~During the nine-month­ would have walked into a death trap, (see "Free the San Quentin Six!" WV militants hated by prison authorities for long trial of the San Quentin Six. but the plan fell through when a judge No. 71. 20 June 1975. for further details refusing to submit to the inhuman evidence has surfaced of a bralen refused to allow the imprisoned militant about the case). degradations of prison life. For overten government conspiracy to assassinate to testify in the other trial. years, San Quentin and Soledad prisons imprisoned Black Panther leader • A later police plot involved Capitalist Prisons on Trial have been centers of struggle George Jackson and other militant smuggling inoperative weapons and primarily by black prisoners. for ele­ black and Latin prisoners held in the phony explosives into the AC; a In nearly every respect. the trial itself mentary human rights. Protests. work prison's notorious maximum security defective .38 caliber revolver was secret­ is a microcosm of the racist barbarism stoppages and food riots have been "Adjustment" Center (AC). ly given by CCS agents to a San Quentin that marks the bourgeoisie's concentra­ directed against slave labor. punitive The case stems from what the prose­ guard on 2 August 1971. to be passed to tion camps. The courtroom has been "strip cells." rotten food. sentencing and cution labels an "abortive escape at­ (or planted on) Jackson. converted into a' small-scale prison. parole procedures. lack of recreational tempt" on 21 August 1971, allegedly by • Two weeks before the murder of Spectators pass through metal detec­ facilities and the indeterminate sen­ Jackson (who was shot down by guards Jackson a meeting was held at the CCS tors and are searched. their names tence. The San Quentin Six~Black that day) and other inmates. The office in Los Angeles. attended by FBI recorded and photographs taken. The Panther Johnny Spain. Fleeta Drumgo, assassination of George Jackson oc­ man Ed Burch and an agent named defendants and inmates called to testify Willie Tate. David Johnson. Hugo curred just two days before his trial as Barrens from the California attorney one of the "Soledad Brothers" was to general's Criminal Identification and have begun. The San Quentin Six Investigation (CII) section. The meeting defendants are charged with murder and decided that an agent in the prison conspiracy in the deaths of three prison would approach Jackson and other guards and two inmate "trustees.~ known militants with a plan for an Despite suppression of defense evidence attempted break-out on August 23 during the trial and last year's pre-trial during which the prisoners could all be hearings. the lid is gradually being pried gunned down with impunity. "We want from the government cover-up of its him dead." police lieutenant Robert death plot against Jackson who. at the Keel said of Jackson. time of his murder. had served II years • Due to distrust between CII and of an indeterminate "one-year-to-life" CCS. the state CII independently sentence for a gas station robbery of engineered a so-called "escape attempt" $71. two days ahead of schedule. and Jackson was shot down on August 21. The most dramatic revelation so far in • At a heated meeting of the entire the trial occurred in mid-April as 17-man CCS "black desk" on August Charles Garry. representing defendant 22. Tackwood was told that his assign­ Johnny Spain, questioned admitted ex­ ment was completed. ''CII fucked up." agent provocateur Louis Tackwood. said angry police sergeant Robert After establishing the witness' back­ Sharrett. "The dumb shits brought in a ground as an agent for the Criminal .9 mm and we had a .38. We're going to 'W Conspiracy Section (CCS) of the Los go and get the .38 and our man out." Angeles Police Department. the follow­ said Keel (quoted in Black Panther. 17 ing exchange took place. and 24 April). Garry to the witness: "Now. sir. can Tackwood's startling testimony you tell the court and jury what was complements that of other defense your last completed assignment here in witnesses. Ruehell Magee has testified the northern part of California'!" that he saw Los Angeles police agents Taekwood: "To assassinate George and guards from other prisons in San Jackson." Quentin on August 21 and that guards Garry: "To do what?" in civilian clothes. some wearing masks. ,. Taekwood: "To assassinate George left the cell doors open that morning. Dan O'Neili Fleeta Drumgo (right), one of the San Quentin SiX, was also accused, along Jackson." Other prisoners testified that they saw Garry to the prosecutor: "You may guards with handguns (strictly forbid­ with George Jackson (center) and John Cluchette (left), of killing a Soledad prison guard in retaliation for the murder of three black prisoners in early cross-examine." den in the prison) just before the so­ 1970. The two surviving "Soledad Brothers" were acquitted seven months A stunned Judge Henry Broderick called escape attempt. could only mutter "Wait a minute." The evidence presented by Taekwood after the assassination of Jackson. and other defense witnesses has blast­ while District Attorney Jerry Herman are shackled and handcuffed to special ed the prosecution's jerry-built case Pinell and Luis Talamantez~and de­ furiously demanded that the statement chairs bolted to the floor. Three armed to pieces. The state contends that radi­ fendants in related cases have been close be quashed. After dismissing the jury. guards stand over them at all times. and to the heart of the struggle. particularly cal lawyer Stephen Bingham~who sub­ Broderick extensively questioned the many more line the courtroom corri­ among those whose prison experiences witness concerning the "relevance" of sequently disappeared~smuggled an 8-1! 2 inch automatic pistol and two dors. Prisoners are transported between formed the basis for a growing radical his testimony. When defense attorney the "Adjustment" Center and the political consciousness. Robert Carrow justifiably remarked magazine clips past prison guards and a metal detector and passed them to courtroom in a prison-on-wheels. a bus Despite the flimsy. self-contradictory that the judge was essentially doing with built-in cells where they are prosecution case. resting largely on the "discovery" work for the DA (i.e .. Jackson. who hid them under an Afro­ style wig. The inmate then supposedly chained up. Until January they were led catch-all conspiracy charge. the cards helping the prosecution patch up its like animals into the courtroom by neck are stacked against the six. Almost to a endlessly reworked case), the judge secreted them back to his cell past guards who always carried out a leashes held by guards. man. the defense eyewitnesses are black angrily fined the lawyer $500 for Conditions in the AC are so abysmal prisoners. who bravely testify at the risk "contempt of court." thorough and degrading head-to-toe "skin search" before and after prisoners fhat a federal judge found them to of retaliation by sadistic guards. Testify­ Under examination by Broderick, were taken to the visiting room. constitute "cruel and unusual punish- ing against_~hem are mainly white prison Tackwood's testimony, only part of The prosecution also maintains that employees. upholders of bourgeois "law which the jury was later permitted to Jackson attempted to escape by running Trotskyist League of Canada and order." As the defense has success­ hear. revealed that: 100 feet across a courtyard overlooked Bi-weekly Class Series fully brought out. the trial is. in fact, an • The CCS knew in advance of plans by a 25-foot-high wall. fortified by a gun indictment of the prison system. Inmate by Jonathan Jackson, George's younger tower! A prison guard testified on "What Isthe witnesses. backed up by professionals brother, to free several San Quentin October 7 that he killed Jackson with Trotskyist League?" acquainted with life in the cell blocks. prisoners- William Christmas, James one rifle shot "at his legs." The bullet have exposed the naked repression that McClain and Ruchell Magee -from the allegedly entered his leg and exited VANCOUVER passes for "correction" and "rehabilita­ Marin Count\' courthouse on 7 August through his head. That even contradict­ tion." Nevertheless. to secure an acquit­ Beginning For further tal. the defense must crack through the 1970. and us~d the information tt; set ed the state's original contention that Wednesday, information, call: prosecution'~ racist demagogy and them up for certain death. Jackson was shot by tower guards as he May 26, 8 p.m. (604) 299-5306 • Tackwood was assigned along with ran toward the wall where they were continued on page 4 2 WORKERS VANGUARD Sanitation Free Mustafa Dzhemilev! Union Scabs on NYC Building Service Tatar Dissident Imprisoned Workers Strike in Labor Camp

Faced with the refusal of New York On April 15. Mustafa Dzhemilev. a dous crimes: "The Ukrainians avoided Leonid Plyushch are the heirs, came to City sanitation workers to pick up leader of the Crimean Tatars. was meeting this fate only because there be revered as a kind of heroic figure garbage from the more than 3.000 sentenced in the Siberian city of Omsk were too many of them and there was no among protesting Tatars. At his funeral apartment houses affected by- the to two and a half years in a labor camp place to which to deport them. Other­ in :'IJovember 1968. Tatarpoet Muarrem striking Building Service Employees for "slandering the Soviet state." De­ wise. he would have deported them Dzelyaloghly Martynov said: Union. city hall hit on a new plan to spite the refusal of a key prosecution also." " ... Following Lenin's tradition, you "ease friction" between the two unions. witness to testify that the defendant had The five Caucasian groups were took the offensive against the enemy yourself. John De Lury. head of the Uniformed indeed made anti-Soviet remarks. the subsequently restored to their lands and :"Let our party be just and then there Sanitationmen's Association. was re­ ruling bureaucracy was determined to autonomous regions. However. today will be no nationalism: said our leader q~ested to instruct his members that victimize this 31-year-old militant for the Crimean Tatars and Volga Germans Lenin. they were required by law to remove his courageous campaign to restore the are still exiled to Central Asia and are "Sleep peacefully, most honorable of garbage which had been "certified" as a rights of the Tatar people. not allowed to return to their homelands Russia's sons." ~Sami::dat health hazard. De Lury was only too Last December 3. a press conference and re-establish their autonomous happy to comply. was organized in Moscow by well­ repUblics. even though they have been Pyotr Grigorenko and his son Andrei, On Friday. May 7. Health known Soviet dissidents Andrei Sa­ officially exonerated of the charge of as well as many other Russian and Department inspectors accompanied kharov (the nuclear physicist) and Pyotr collective treason. In the case of the Ukrainian dissidents. have also made the sanitation -trucks from building to Grigorenko (a former general in the Red Crimea. the reason for this probably lies the Tatar cause their own. It was building. "certifying" garbage piles one Army) to publicize Dzhemilev's case. partly in the unwillingness of the self­ PI yushch who, following his recent by one and instructing sanitation men to However. as Grigorenko's son Andrei. a serving bureaucrats in the Ukraine to emigration to Paris, brought interna­ remove them. close friend of the Tatar oppositionist. hand back this lush resort area to its tional attention to the case of While De Lury was doing eveything complained: "The journalists wrote former inhabitants. Dzhemilev. in his power to break the back of the their stories. but the world's newspapers On April 14, Sakharov together with strike. the apartment house owners Dzhemilev: a History of his wife Yelena was arrested in events made a wage increase offer of only half Persecution related to the Dzhemilev case. Having of what the service workers had request­ flown to Omsk to attend Dzhemilev's ed and magnanimously dropped their Mustafa Dzhemilev was born in 1943 trial, Sakharov and his wife allegedly outrageous demands for cuts in service in the Crimea and deported six months struck several militiamen in the court­ workers' fringe benefits. According to later with his parents to Uzbekistan. At house who barred their entry to the eight city council members. the land­ age 16 he helped found the Crimean "public" trial. The Sakharovs were lords can well afford to wait out the Tatar Youth League, which demanded released after confessing to the charge. strike. as they are "getting a windfall the right of Tatars to return to the (The Soviet bureaucrats are hesitant to since they have no payroll to meet while Crimea. In 1962 the League was broken incarcerate the darlings of the imperial­ still collecting full rents." A tenant rent up by the KGB and four members ist bourgeoisie.) On the same day, in strike in support of the building service arrested. Dzhemilev was fired from his Moscow, another dissident who is very workers is clearly called for. as well as job. He later entered an agricultural popular in the West, Andrei Tver­ militant support from the rest of the college in Tashkent, where he continued dokhlebov, received a relatively light union movement. to study the Tatar national question, but sentence of only two years' exile. But The willingness of the sanitation he was expelled for speaking to a youth Dzhemilev, who was tried on the same union leadership to agree to the selective group. charge, was an easier target. removal of garbage is out-and-out When he went to Moscow to appeal scabbing. undermining class solidarity The creation of the Crimean ASSR, his expUlsion, Dzhemilev was arrested along with several other autonomous and posing a threat to the entire NYC and deported to Tashkent. In 1966 he labor movement. Sanitation workers republics and regions, was part of the was tried and sentenced to a year and a Bolsheviks' program to banish all forms must immed iately cease collaborating half of forced labor. Released after this with this strikebreaking decree by city of national privilege and do away with term, he was elected a permanent - the hated tsarist heritage of a Russian officials! Like the "illegal" strike of the representative of the Crimean Tatars in sanitation workers last summer. the empire that was a "prison house of their negotiations with the government. peoples." Stalin's mass deportations of service employees strike is being deliber­ did not print them. Who. the editors In May 1968. on the eve of a scheduled the Tatars and others were among his ately sabotaged by treacherous bureau­ must have asked. are the Crimean demonstration in Moscow by Tatars on most terrible injustices against the crats like De Lury. These traitors must Tatars? And what does it matter if their the 24th anniversary of their deporta­ Soviet peoples and a glaring proof of the be thrown out of the unions and leader is being martyred?" (Times tion. police rounded up most of the degeneration of the first workers state in replaced by militant leaders uncom­ [London], 9 January). would-be demonstrators. including history. promisingly committed to a c1ass­ The oppression of Soviet Tatars by Dzhemilev, and sent them back to struggle program .• the Great Russian-chauvinist bureauc­ Central Asia. Those who raise the banner of a racy is one of the more shameful aspects Mustafa Dzhemilev also became workers political revolution to oust the of present-day Stalinism in the USSR. active in the broader dissident move­ parasitic bureaucratic usurpers and The Tatars. descendants of the Mongols ment and opposed the Soviet invasion return to the path of Lenin and Trotsky who under Genghis Khan conquered of Czechoslovakia. According to An­ must be uncompromising fighters for Russia in the 13th century, were brutally drei Grigorenko, "It was in large part the restoration of the rights of the expelled from their Crimean homeland thanks to his efforts that misunder­ Crimean Tatars-along with the Volga by Stalin in 1944 on charges (now standings were ironed out between the Germans and other oppressed minori­ WfJ/iltEltS admitted to be false) that as a people Moscow democrats and the leaders of ties in the USSR-including the right to they had collaborated with the Nazi various national movements in the return to their homelands and restora­ invaders. (Over 40 percent of the Tatar USSR. Quite logically. therefore, he tion of their autonomous soviet repub­ ",.'O,It/) population. or about IID.OOO persons, became one of the 15 founder-members, lic. Mustafa Dzhemilev mllst be imme­ Marxist Working-Class Weekly perished during the forced march to in 1969, of the Initiative Group for the diately freed! • of the Spartacist League ofthe U.S. Central Asia.) Defense of Human Rights in the At the same time, the Crimean Tatar USSR." Dzhemilev was arrested again EDITOR: Jan Norden Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. in 1969 and sentenced to three years of YOUNG SPARTACUS PRODUCTION MANAGER: Karen Allen created, in 1918. was dissolved on forced labor. Released in 1972, he was CIRCULATION MANAGER: Anne Keliey Stalin's order and incorporated into the re-arrested in 1974 and remains in monthly paper of the Spartacus Ukraine. Unlike the one million Volga Youth League, youth section of the EDITORIAL BOARD: Liz Gordon (Chairman), pnson. Spartacist League Chris Knox (Labor), James Robertson (Advi­ Germans. who were expelled from their sory), Charles Burroughs (Editorial Staff), homeland in 1941 during a period of Joseph Seymour (Midwest), George Foster Tatar Nationalism and Soviet Name ______(West Coast) defeat and panic, the Crimeans, along Dissidents Address ______Published weekly, except bi-weekly in August with five other Muslim peoples from the and December, by the Spartacist Publishing nearby Northern Caucasus-the Kara­ The civil rights movement of the City ______Co., 260 West Broadway, New York, N.Y. chai, the Kalmyk. the Chechen. the Tatars has played a significant role in State/Zip ______10013. Telephone: 966-6841 (Editorial), Ingush and the Balkar-were deported 925-5665 (Business). Address all correspon­ the Soviet dissident movement. When, 109 dence to: Box 1377, G.P.O., New York, N.Y. after the Nazi blitzkrieg had been as a result of mass meetings in late 1967, $2/11 issues 10001. Domestic subscriptions: $5.00 per year. irretrievably smashed. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. several Tatar leaders were arrested, the Make payable/mail to: As Khrushchev remarked in his Moscow-based dissident movement Opinions expressed in signed articles or Spartacus Youth Publishing Co. leiters do not necessarily express the editorial famous "secret speech" to the 20th came to their defense. Dissident Aleksei Box 825 Canal St. P.O. viewpoint. Congress of the CPSU. where he Kosterin. who led the "neo-Marxist" New York, New York 10013 detailed some of Stalin's most horren- current of which Pyotr Grigorenko and 14 MAY 1976 3 San Quentin Six ... Committee to Save Mario Munoz (continued/rom paf{e 2) obstruction by the judge to convince a The Committee to Defend the Worker and Sailor Prisoners in Chile and the Partisan Defense jury composed of II whites and a single Committee are co-sponsoring a Committee to Save Mario Munoz. Among the endorsers of the black member. internationa~ campaign are: Judge Broderick has consistently manipulated the trial in the prosecu­ AUSTRALIA Finley Campbell, Progressive Faculty Mark Naison, Mid-Atlantic Radical Historians tion's favor. Defense lawyers have Australasian Meat Industries Employees Caucus', U. of Wisconsin' Society' Union Joe Carnegie, Dir., Brooklyn Fight Back' National Jury Project charged him with literally dozens of Laurie Brereton, Legislative Assembly, New John Carroll, Esq., Southern Poverty Law National Lawyers Guild, Chicago chapter instances of judicial misconduct. He has South Wales Center' National Lawyers Guild, Massachusetts A. E. Bull, Sec'y, Waterside Workers Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political chapter helped suppress vital links in the defense Federation of Australia', Melbourne branch Repression National Lawyers Guild, Yale U.' Hon. Dr. Jim Cairns, House of Noam Chomsky Ira Katz Nelson, Assoc. Prof. of Pol. Sci., U. of case and refused the defense access to Representatives, Australian Labor Party Coalicion de Latinoamericanos Chicago' CIA. FBI, Los Angeles Police Depart­ (ALP), Fred Cohn, Atty. New American Movement, U. of Chicago' Hon. Dr. Moss Cass, House of Comandos de la Resistencia de la Republica David Newby, State VP., Wisconsin ment and state CII files pertaining to the Representatives, ALP' Dominicana Federation of Teachers, AFT' case and the defendants. He denied a Senator Ruth Coleman, ALP' Comite Pro Defensa de los Derechos New York Unemployed Council Federated Engine Drivers and Fireman's Humanos en la Republica Dominicana, New Richard Newhouse, state senator, Illinois motion to transfer the trial out of Marin Association of Australia, Victoria and New York OCAW, District Council 8 County, where the bloody August 1970 South Wales branches Committee Against Friedman/Harberger Dr. Philip Oke, UN rep., Christian Peace Senator Arthur Gietzett, ALP' Collaboration with the Chilean Junta, Conference' escape attempt involving Jonathan Frank Hardy, novelist Chicago Organization of Arab Students, Boston Bob Hawke, Federal President, ALP'; Pres. Communist Cadre chapter Jackson is still a vivid memory feeding ACTU' Community Action on Latin America, Madison Susan Paul, American Friends Service white hysteria. The judge forbade a Ted Innes, House of Representatives, ALP' Christopher R. Conybeare, The Ecumenical Committee' Seamen's Union of Australia Justice Project' Dean Peerman, Christian Century' unified defense against the conspiracy Ship Painters and Dockers Union, Victoria Robert H. Cowen, Math Dept., Queens Eve Pell charge. He also demanded that Pinell, Socialist Workers Party College' Joseph Persky, URPE' Transport Workers Union of Australia, New Jaime De La Isla, Chicano-Boricua Studies, James Petras acting as his own lawyer, reveal all the South Wales branch Wayne State U.' Portage County Campaign for a Democratic areas his evidence would cover before it Union of Postal Clerks and Telegraphists Dave Dellinger Foreign Policy Waterside Workers Federation of Australia Desmond Trotter Defense Committee Adam Przeworski, Assoc. Prof. Pol. Sci., U. of could be heard by the jury. CANADA Carter A. Dodge Chicago' Frank Donner, Gen. Counsel United Electrical Joanne Fox Przeworski, Chicago Commission In contrast with the mountainous David F. Aberle, Prof. of Anthropology, U. of Workers (UE)', member ACLU' to Investigate Status of Human Rights in media coverage given debutante desper­ British Columbia' Elizabeth Dore, Latin American Institute, Chile, 1974' African Liberation Week Committee Columbia U.' Rank and File Coalition, Local 6, UAW' ado Patricia Hearst, the bourgeois press David Archer, President, Ontario Federation of Ecumenical Program for Inter-American Justin Ravitz, Judge, Recorders Court, Detroit has paid little attention to this case and, Labour' Communication and Action Revolutionary Marxist Committee Black Education Project Alexander Erlich, Prof., Russian Institute, Revolutionary Marxist Organizing Committee in some cases, has editorialized for the Trent M. Brady, Prof., York U.' Columbia U.' Jack L. Roach, Prof., U. of Connecticut' Andrew Brewin, Member of Parliament, New Thomas I. Emerson, Prof. of Law, Yale U.' Janet K. Roach, Instructor, Eastern prosecution. San Quentin Six Defense Democratic Party (NDP), Rick Feinberg Connecticut State College' Committee spokesman Gertrude Mayes Ed Broadbent, MP, Leader, NDP' (verbal) Michael Ferber, Lecturer, English Dept., Yale Bjll Robinson, Exec. Brd., Local 634, Brian Campbell, NDP', Vancouver U.' AFSCME' told a WV reporter of a demonstration Canadian Arab Federation Lawrence Ferlinghetti, City Lights Books, S.F. Norm Roth, former Pres., Local 6, UAW' held at the federal building during the Canadian Labour Congress Norman Fisher, Dept. of Philo., Kent State U,' Richard Rubinstein, Prof. of Pol. Sci., Denis Cassin, National Organizer, Irish Mauricio Font, Group on Latin American Roosevelt U.' Hearst trial to protest the near blackout: Republican Clubs', USA & Canada Issues' San Quentin Six Defense Committee' "All the dailies as well as the national Florrie Chacon, Inter-Church Committee on Frank Fried Fay Schmidt Chile' Friends of Indochina Henry Schmidt, Member of Bay Area bourgeois press were going to attend it Paul Copeland, Law Society of Upper Canada' Marina Garcia, Sec'y, Assoc. of Latin Pensioners' Sheila Delaney, Prof., Simon Fraser U.' Musicians of America' Jay Schulman, National Jury Project on their lunch hour.... but they just sat C.H. DeRoo, Instructor of English, Simon Barbara Garson, author Charles Schwartz, Prof. of Physics, U. of Cal. there in the press room and didn't Fraser U.' Eugene Genovese, Prof. of History, Rochester at Berkeley' Oduardo Di Santo, Member of Provincial U.' Search for Justice and Equality in Palestine bother." Parliament, Ontario NDP' Jorgen Goderstad, Chairman, S, Central Dennis Serrette, Pres., Coalition of Black "The San Francisco Chronicle," Dominicans in Support of Progress Wisconsin local, Socialist Party' Trade Unionists' Rosie Douglas Harvey Goldberg, Prof. of History, U, of John Sharpe, Sec'y, international Spartacist Mayes went on, "has said that they will Jan Dukszta, MPP, Ontario NDP' Wisconsin' tendency not be back until the 'conviction' comes Group for Defense of Civil Rights in Argentina Jim Grant, SCEF' James J. Sheehan Janice Howard, Alderman, 7th Ward, Toronto Dick Gregory Sylvia Sherman, Sec'y, Local 171, AFSCME' in," i.e., the paper has prejudged the Jamaica Nationals League Will Haasch, Pres., Local 507 Graphic Arts William M. Shepherd, Prof. of Economics, U. of Ron Johnson, NDP', Vancouver Industrial Union (GAIU)" Madison Michigan' defendants' guilt before the defense Stu Leggett, MP, NDP' (verbal) Burton Hall, Atty. Carl Shier, International Representative; cases are even half completed. She Ligue des Droits de I'Homme, Montreal Bill Hampton UAW' Bob McBurney, Shop Steward, Letter Carriers Harlem Fight Back Socialist Party, S. Central Wisconsin local added that: Union of Canada', Local 1 R. Hauert, Program CO-Qrd., Ethics and Roney L. Sorenson, Alderman, Dist. 5, "The coverage that the press gives poor. Leo McGrady, Atty. Religion, U. of Michigan' Madison, Wi. . Norman Penner, Prof. of Pol. Sci., Glendon James Haughton, Harlem Fight Back Martin Sostre oppressed people has always been College, York U.' Tom Hayden Spark minimum .... It gets to be a question of Alex Power Nat Hentoff Stan Steiner, author La Raza class and race that determines the policy Charles Roach, Atty. Richard A. Hodge, Atty. I.F. Stone and determines who gets assigned the John Rodriguez, MP, NDP' Adam Hochschild, editor, Mother Jones' Doris E. Strieter, Chicago Committee to Save H.M. Rosenthal, United Nations Assn.', William L. Hoover, Dept. of Soc" Kent State U.' Lives in Chile' stories. They have said here that nobody Vancouver Independent Caucus, American Federation of Willie Tate, defendant, San Quentin Six is interested in the case." A.B. Scranton, Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers' Teachers (AFT)" New Jersey State Walter Teague, Friends of Indochina Union' College' Studs Terkel, author Clearly, the San Quentin Six are unable Socialist League International Socialists, Chicago local Rip Torn, actor/director to get even the minimal accord of Sudbury and District Labour Council International Student Defense Committee, U. United Farmworker Support Committee, Dorothy Thomas, Alderman, Ward 9, Toronto of Chicago' Madison, Wi. democratic rights which the Hearst Vancouver Area Council of the NDP International Workers Party University of Chicago Student Government Vancouver Chilean Association Abdeen Jabara, Atty. United States Committee for Justice to Latin millions could buy. Only a sustained Gordon Vichert, Sec'y, Ontario NDP' (verbal) Paul Jacobs, ex-editor, Ramparts' American Political Prisoners (USLA) campaign of mass protest involving William Vidaver E. Roy John, Dir. Brain Research Laboratory, Anthony Walsh, National Lawyers Guild' Micheline Walker, Dept. of Romance New York Medical College Warehouse Militant, S.F. blaGk and working-class organizations Languages, McMaster U.' Dale Johnson, Prof. of Sociology, Rutgers U.' John F. Weeks, Dept. of Economics, U. of can stop the government's attempt to EUR1)PE Sanford Katz, Atty. Wisconsin' Alliance Against Fascist Dictatorship in India, Theodore W. Keller What She Wants railroad the defendants and cover up its London Florynce Kennedy, Atty. John K. Whitmore, Prof., U. of Michigan' own criminal conspiracy. Drop the Louis Althusser, Paris Ronald Kent, Field Rep., Wisconsin State Sidney E. William, Youth Vision Integrity' Argentine Support Movement, London Employees Union, American Federation of Women's Coffee House Collectors, Ltd. charges! Free the San Quentin Six and Asian Socialist Forum, London State, County, and Municipal Employees Bernard Wiltshire, Desmond Trotter Defense jail the murderers of George Jackson Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, London (AFSCME), Committee Claude Bordet, journalist, Paris Rose Kirk, Chief Steward, Local 7507, Oil, Howard linn instead! Dr. Peter Brandt, Berlin Chemical and Atomic Workers Union Marvin lonis, Prof" U. of Chicago' Donations for the defense of these Pierre Broue, Organisation Communiste (OCAW)' Eddison J.M. lvobgo, lANU' Internationaliste (OCI)', Grenoble Donald J. Klimovich, assoc. editor, Chicago victims of bourgeois class "justice" can Campaign for the Release of Indian Political Magazine' 'Organization listed for identification purposes Prisoners, London Pat Knight, Pres., Social Service Employees only. be sent to: The San Quentin Six Defense Union (SSEU)" Local 371 Campaign to Repeal the Immigration Act, Partial listing Committee, 3169-16th Street, San London Labor Struggle Caucus, Local 6, United Carmen Castillo, Chilean MIR' Automobile Workers (UAW)' Francisco, CA 94103 .• Comite International Contre la Repression, Kenneth P. Langton, Prof., U. of Michigan' Paris Lavender and Red Union, L.A. Commission of Overseas Students League for the Revolutionary Party Amy Lee, Dir. American Indian Rights Assn., Individuals and organizations who wish to endorse the campaign to save Mario Organisation, U. of Birmin~ham Jean-Pierre Faye, writer, Pans Kent State U.' Munoz, work with the Committee and/or contribute financially should fill out Gerald Lefcourt, Atty. Mario Felmer, Chilean Young Socialists', the blank below and send to: PARTISAN DEFENSE COMMITTEE, Box "33, Canal London John Leggett, Assoc, Prof. of Sociology, Prof. Helmut Gollwitzer, Free University', Rutgers U.' Street Station, New York, NY 10013. Berlin Sidney Lens, author Denise Levertov • Daniel Guerin, Paris ------~------The Gulf Committee, London Ben Levy, Democratic Socialist Organizing Irish Republican Socialist Party, London Committee' D I endorse- Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants, Longshore Militant, S.F. London Richard Lowenthal, Dept. of Soc. and Anthro., D My organization endorses' Gerard Lancomme, Grenoble Kent State U.' Marxist-Leninist Organisation of Britain Salvador Luria, Nobel Laureate the international defense campaign to save Mario Munoz, organized around Conrad Lynn, Atty. Prof. Klaus Meschkat, Univ. of Hannover' the demands: ' Miners International Federation Staughton Lynd, author J.P. Noiret, journalist, Politique Hebda', Paris Bradford Lyttle, War Resisters League' Hands off Mario Munoz! North London Committee Against Repression Tanya Mandel in Spain William Mandel Chilean Working-Class Leader Must Not Die! Jiri Pelikan, editor, Listy' Robert Mattoon, Jr. Michele Ray, photographer/journalist, Gertrude Mayes, San Quentin Six Defense Free al/ victims of right-wing repression in Argentina and Chile! Politique Hebdo', Paris Committee Claude Roy, writer, Paris Edward McGehee, English Dept., Kent Stop the Manhunt! Jean Paul Sartre, Paris State U.' Catherine Sauvage, singer, Paris Helen McMillan Name Daniel Viglietti, singer John McMillan LuiS Vitale Dr. Kim McQuaid Organization ______Richard and Cristina Whitecross, London Michael Meeropol Robert Meeropol UNITED STATES Memorial Union Labor Organizations Address Raymond Lee Abraham, Jr., B.S.O.C. Stewards Council, Madison, Wi. Eqbal Ahmad Luis Mendiola, Chicano advocate, U. of Robert L. Allen, editor, The Black Scholar' Michigan' Roxana Alsberg, folksinger Militant Action Caucus, Communication ~ I am willing to work with the Committee to Save Mario Munoz, Associated Student Government, Workers of America (CWA), Local 9410 Northwestern U.' Militant-Solidarity Caucus, National Maritime Roldo Bartimole, editor, Point of View' Union' C I pledge $ __ to help save Mario Munoz. (Make payable to Partisan Thomas Barton, member 1199' Militant Solidarity Caucus, Local 906, UAW' Defense Committee. Earmark for Committee to Save Mario Munoz,) Larry Bensky, General Manager, KPFA' John Mitchell, International Rep., Daniel Berrigan Amalgamated Meatcutters and 'Endorsement indicates willingness to permit your name or your organization'S name to be used to James Bond, City Council of Atlanta, Ga. Butcherworkers' Internationally publicize the campaign of the Committee to Save Mario Munoz. Fred Branfman Ian Mueller, Dir. of Grad. Studies in Philo., U. J. Quinn Brisben, V.P. candidate, SPUSA' of Chicago'

4 WORKERS VANGUARD Build the Mario Munoz Campaignl

The following is an interview with the cause of one of the most desperate United Secretariat), and at the Was Tun sponse. In addition to Australia, in Partisan Defense Committee (PDC) sections of the Chilean working class, Festival of supporters of the United Canada the campaign has bf'en en­ spokesmen Toni Randell and Reuhen consolidating a highly fragmented Secretariat in Germany the petition dorsed by the' Canadian Labour Shil.finan. Along with the Europe-hased union movement. fighting for elemen­ received 120 signatures. In England, the Congress, three New Democratic Party Committee to Defend the Worker and tary union rights and at the same time Whitecrosses have added their names to membersDfparliament, including NDP Sailor Prisoners in Chile. the P DC is co­ mobilizing defense of Allende's gover'1- the list of endorsers, and the Bertrand leader Ed Broadbent, and the NDP sponsoring the campaign to save the lire ment against reaction. After the coup in Russell Peace Foundation has endorsed Vancouver Area Council or Chilean revolutionary trade-union 1973 when he and thousands of other the campaign. But from the Amencan labor leader Mario Munoz. Munoz. a leader Chilean workers and peasants were There has been enormous labor bureaucracy we've received an enor­ or the Regional Miners Councils. was forced to flee, in many cases on foot support from Australia. In the last two mously cold reception, demonstrating forced to flee Pinochet's terror follow­ across the Andes into Argentina, he weeks we've received endorsements not only its isolation from its own rank ing the blood\, Septemher 1973 coup. continued to aid these refugees during from Bob Hawke, federal president of and file, but also its isolation interna­ He is now being pursu('d hy Argentine their difficult years of exile. the Australian Labor Party: the Trans­ tionally. It's no accident that the AFL­ police with orders to shoot on sight. It's for these reasons that a special port Workers Union of Australia: the CIO is known in Latin America as the effort to publicize these cases must be Seamen's Union of Australia; the Union AFL-CIA, and it has tended to behave WV: What is the background of the made. Because these are not the people of Postal Clerks and Telegraphists: the accordingly in, this case. In contrast, MunOl case and how did the POC get who, because of their academic connec­ Waterside Workers Federation of Aus­ where the case has been raised on the involved? tions or ministerial portfolios in the tralia: and the Ship Painters and shop floor, we've been received enthu­ RANDELL: The PDC first learned of Popular Unity government. will auto­ Dockers union in Victoria. The deputy siastically by the ranks. the case when a group of South matically attract world attention. The leader of the Labor Party has tele­ RA N DELL: In general the response has American exiles in Europe. the Com­ only way they will receive support is graphed the foreign minister. requesting really been excellent. The PDC hopes mittee to Defend Worker and Sailor through the means which more or less that the Munoz campaign will be a Prisoners in Chile, contacted us about an inquiry on the case by the Australian correspond to the way they've struggled model of defense work, part of our Munoz' plight. We feel that his case and embassy in Buenos Aires. When the all their lives, namely mass protest. effort to re-initiate the work begun by other similar ones embody the fate of ALP was still in power, back in 1973, it WV: What is the character of the James Cannon in the early years of the the tens of thousands of political made similar inquiries concerning the defense work and what are the latest Communist Party in building the refugees for whom Argentina was the case of Van Schouwen and Romero, in developments? International Labor Defense. Ifssignif­ last refuge. Not only is the bourgeois response to requests from unions S HI F F MAN: The work has two sides. contacted by the Spartacist League of icant, too, I think, that Martin Sostre, in We are attempting through demonstra­ Australia and New Zealand. the telegram that was read at the New tions and publicity to bring the issue to WV: How do you explain the wide­ York demonstration for Mario Munoz. Interview with the the public, especially the working-class spread support received so far? referred to himself as a "recently movement, and at the same time to gain SHIFFMA N: It's important to see this released class war prisoner." The early Partisan Defense endorsements from trade unions, vari­ campaign in the context of Chile today. I LD always made clear which side of the . ous organizations and prominent peo­ The Pinochet regime has alienated all class line it stood on, but in recent years Committee ple concerned for democratic rights to sectors of the popUlation, including the no one talked of "class-war prisoners" bring pressure to bear on the Argentine Catholic Church and the main bour- until the PDC revived the term. press pamting the Videla coup as Throughout all the work on this case. bloodless, but even the Daily World is we are making clear the partisan nature saying that the coup is actually "in the of the PDC, that we are concerned with basic interests of the people" because it all cases whose victorious outcome is in supposedly promised to restore "consti­ the interests of the working people. That tutional foundations of government"! is why we raise the demand, "Free all However, the truth is beginning to come victims of right-wing repression in Chile out, and stories have been printed in and Argentina." We are not liberal civil leading newspapers-such as the Lon­ libertarians: we draw a class line, and do don Guardian and Times and the Paris not call for freeing all political prison­ Le Monde--indicating that the Argen­ ers, nor would we defend fascists if their tine generals are running wild. It was civil liberties were denied. also announced last week by the Chilean WV: How's the campaign going M I R that one of its leaders, Edgardo financiall)? Enriquez, has fallen into the hands of RA N DELL: People who have support­ the Argentine junta. ed the appeal have been very generous The Partisan Defense Committee has with their donations. But it's important been involved in defense work for Latin to realize how expensive this kind of. American prisoners for some time. defense work is. Every time we call > Immediately following the Pinochet Austrailia it costs $50 at least, and the coup, an international outcry was made calls to Europe thus far are already well about the br\.ltal torture of prominent over $1,000. People have also been leaders of the Popular Unity govern­ traveling, both in the U.S. and Europe, ment in Chile. At that time we publi­ to get endorsements and documentation cized the cases of MIRistas Bautista about Mario Munoz. Van Schouwen and Alejandro Romero Demonstr~tion in defense of persecuted Chilean workers leader Mario So far, we've raised only about 15 In order to draw attention to the "far­ Munoz at Argentine consulate April 22 in New York. percent of the amount we will need. And left" prisoners who had been largely we'll be facing even higher expenses­ neglected by everyone else;' as well as government to grant Munoz and his geois party (the Christian Democrats), for travel, for example-if the govern­ demanding the release of the more well­ family safe conduct out of the country. and has isolated itself internationally. ments which have shown an interest in known figures like Communist Party RA N DELL: In addition to the demon­ Even most of the imperialist the case agree to grant asylum and assist leader Luis Corvailin. Also, last Decem­ strations held in New York City and governments-who certainly want reac­ in putting pressure on the Argentine ber we learned of the arrest of 13 Chicago in the last month, which tionary governments to defend the junta to give Mario Munoz and his Chilean, Argentine and British citizens together drew over 300 participants, interests of capital~-do not like these family safe conduct out of the country. in Buenos Aires, accused of running there was a demonstration April 23 military juntas. Now public opinion, The PDC urgently requests that the guns and otherwise aiding Chilean outside the Argentine Airlines office in even bourgeois public opinion, is fearful readers of Workers Vanguard respond resistance groups. On a day's notice we Toronto. The main bulk of the partici­ that Argentina will go the way of Chile. to the financial appeal by the Commit­ initiated a demonstration at the Argen­ pants were supporters of the Trotskyist That is why there is such an immediately tee to Save Mario Munoz, to make tine Mission to the UN, in New York, to League of Canada and Latin American favorable reception at this particular ,Possible this vital campaign.• defend them. Two of the 13, Richard militants. Another protest demonstra­ juncture to campaigns that raise the and Cristina Whitecross, have recently tion is being planned for the Bay Area in questions of democratic rights and been released, but there is still no word mid-May. political refugees in Argentina and on the remaining II. Internationally, we are gathering Chile. WV: What do you see as the significance impressive support. In France in the last WV: Since its inception. the POC has FUNDS NEEDED! of the Munoz case? two weeks, the campaign to save Mario been fighting for the concept of anti­ Send urgently needed con­ SHI FFM A N: First of all, it's important Munoz has received endorsements from sectarian. class-struggle defense. What tributions for the defense because people like Mario Munoz are Pierre Brow!, a historian and leader of kind of response are JOU getting from often overlooked in defense cases. the Organisation Communiste Interna­ the left and the labor movement in this' campaign to save Mario Munoz is not a prominent intellectual or tionaliste; well-known photogra­ campaign? Munoz to: some romantic figure who would be pher ;journalist Michele Ray; writer SHI FFMA N: Well, as Toni said earlier. well-known outside of Chile and Argen­ Claude Roy; singer Catherine Sauvage: the Communist Party in fact supports PARTISAN DEFENSE tina. Munoz himself went to work at the Louis Althusser, author of Lenin and the coup and therefore has not been very COMMITTEE age of 14 as a miner. The contract Philosophy: Daniel Guerin; and Jean­ interested in defending the victims of the miners lead lives of abject poverty­ Paul Sartre. In the city of Grenoble coup. On the other hand, you could say Box 633, Canal st. Sta. many who did not die of diseases alone, a petition for Munoz has ac­ that where the labor movements in other New York, NY 10013 directly related to mining often died of quired over 200 signatures to date. countries with a strong social­ lack of work, of lack of food and Elsewhere in Europe, the campaign was democratic tradition have been ap­ Make checks payable to "Parti­ medicine. Munoz is a genuine leader of endorsed by Luis Vitale, leader of the proached, for an organization of our san Defense Committee," ear­ the Chilean working class, who earned Partido Socialista Revolucionario (a size and modest influence, we've re­ mark for "MUNOZ CAMPAIGN" this leadership through championing Chilean sympathizing group of the ceived an enormously favorable re- 14 MAY 1976 5 , 0 f _ ~ f ' ~ r; .~. The recently defeated San Francisco trade unionists who, while unable to craft workers' strike induced many present a program of consistent class -...... ,;.-:-,~"~---'" comparisons with the S.F. general struggle, pushed the strike forward. strike of 1934. I nternational Longshore­ Their serious errors led to the betrayal , ,H"'. • _~,0'""", ______, __~"", ___-~""#'~N.- men's and Warehousemen's Union of the general strike by the treacherous ~ ~:ni. !2.i," "ij-"L~I,,;,-,,~•• ,n'~TYi ")J;·~"":!:"w"':'",., (lLWU) leader Harry Bridges. who AFL misleaders, but without these played a key role in sparking the 1934 militants the strike probably never , II II I · I t II I ' I" I · ~ J If" I ' I ' • ~n:~" strike. remarked ironically at one point: would have happened in the first place, lit r ',', 1 f f J f f.. f., it" i, "Well. I came in during a general strike, The Communist Party, by that time a I • , • I ••• t ! ., " • J • • • ~. ' lUI and it looks like I may be going out with pliant tool of the Stalinist counterrevo­ ...... f.'.' •.. ,.... • • ..,.• • •• lUI one." Although this year's conflict nC\er lutionary bureaucratic usurpers in the I f reached the proportions of the earlier Kremlin, was still operating on the basis struggle which proved the major event of the ultra-left sectarian "Third Period" in making San Francisco into a union line laid down by Stalin in 1929. town for several weeks it teetered on Following this policy both the New Deal the brink of becoming a general strike, It and the AFL union tops were de­ was above all the actions-and nounced as "fascist" and dual unions inaction of Bridges and his cronies were the order of the day, The Stalinist that stood in the way, dual union on the West Coast water­ The most important of the lessons of front was the Marine Workers Industri­ 1934, confirmed this year as wdl. is the al Union (MWIU), composed of both need to defeat and take leadership away seamen and longshoremen. from the treacherous pro-capitalist After 1933, however, the Stalinist line labor bureaucracy. In 1934 Teamster began to shift in an empirical reaction to president Michael Casey and Central Hitler's unopposed march to power in Labor Council head Edward Vandeleur Germany. Already preparing to build sold out the general strike. If the "popular-front" alliances with liberal struggle for union recognition did not bourgeois politicians, the Stalinist suffer an irremediable setback it was parties began to reconsider working in only because the leadership of a key the unions dominated by old-line section of the workers --the maritime bureaucrats. Thus when longshoremen workers-was in the hands of rank-and­ flocked to their historic AFL union in file militants who were able to at least 1933-34, CP cadres followed and were conduct an orderly retreat. In 1976 thus able to link up with Bridges' group, every union was controlled by hardened rather than being totally isolated in their bureaucrats-from CLC head John own sectarian "red" union. Doubleday Crowley to Harry Bridges, the com­ The longshoremen who began joining Over 10,000 people gathered at San Francisco Civic Center to pletely domesticated militant of the I LA in 1933 faced difficulties at protest the bloody police attack on striking longshoremen on yesteryear-and there existed no elected once. The employers defended the "Blue "Bloody Thursday." strike committees at all, a fact which is Book," a company union formed after central in explaining the total rout of the the defeat of the 1919 strike, and fired workers. The whole bunch of labor workers for wearing I LA buttons on the fakers, moreover, give political support job or for not having their "Blue Book" Then, As Now, CLC Tops to the Democratic "friends of labor" dues paid up. The newly elected ILA who are among the most dangerous leadership advised workers to refer such leaders of the union-busting crusade. disputes to the NRA administration, which promptly ruled that the "Blue Were Main Obstacle How It Began Book" was a bonafide union! It was the The general strike of 1934 grew out of "Albion Hall" group which actually the shipping companies' determination built the AFL union by organizing job to Victory to smash the reviving dock workers' actions and a successful strike against union. In the years since the destruction Matson Lines in 1933, to reinstate four of the AFL longshoremen's union in fired workers. 1919, employers had a free hand in Membership dissatisfaction with dictating working conditions on the NRA stalling was evident and a coast­ waterfront. Longshoremen were forced wide ILA convention was called for to join a company union to get work, February 1934. Bridges prepared for it militants were blacklisted, the speed-up by making a tour of the Northwest was grueling, and bribery and favor­ ports, discussing the issues and urging The 1934 itism were the rule in the daily "shape­ the election of militant delegates from up." By the middle of 1933, however, the ranks. As a result, the convention partly under the impetus of the passage adopted a- democratic constitution and of the National Industrial Recovery Act called for the federation of all unions in (NRA), of which section 7(a) purported the industry, which drastically cut San Francisco to guarantee the right of union organi­ across craft-union prejudices. The inter­ zation, there was a mass influx of union solidarity prepared for by the longshoremen into the virtually defunct militants at this convention was critical: AFL union, the International Long­ seamen had crossed longshoremen's shore'men's Association (l LA). picket lines in 1919, while the longshore­ The union's demands, which were men scabbed on seamen in 1921. General Strike circulated up and down the Coast and Following the employers' flat refusal used as the basis for recruiting new to bargain-based largely on the assess­ members, included: union recognition, ment that the West Coast union was in union-controlled hiring halls with pref­ the hands of radicals who had to be erence for ILA members (closed shop), a smashed-and the taking of a coast­ six-hour day /30-hour week, and a wage wide strike vote, Bridges initiated an increase from 85 cents per hour to $1 elected strike committee in the San (with $1.50 for overtime). By early Francisco Bay area. Delegates, who March 1934 the employers had already were elected from the docks and gangs decided to oppose these demands on both sides of the Bay as well as from unconditionally, provoke a strike and casuals totaled nearly 50 in number. The break the union. After an initial delay, a need for such a measure became even coastwide longshore strike began on clearer when the head of the ILA Pacific May 9 and rapidly gained support from Coast District. "Burglar Bill" Lewis, the other maritime trades, tying up unilaterally called off the strike in shipping on the entire coast. March on a request from F.D.R. The shippers retaliated by using old­ line AFL leaders, principally I LA The Key: Inter-Union Solidarity president Joseph Ryan, to compel arbitration of the key issues. When that The strike finally got under way on failed, they attempted to open the S.F. May 9, and inter-union solidarity of port by force. But the strike held solid maritime workers was the key to its for 80 days. When police killed two initial success. The MWIU led its strikers and the governor sent in the members off the shi'ps as they hit port. National Guard, the result was a three­ This sparked general walkoffs of sea­ day general strike in San Francisco. men, even from foreign ships, and the Af.!:. These events did not occur eventual sanctioning of the strike by the spontaneously, however. Supporters of AFL seamen's union. Other maritime University of Cali forma the Communist Party and the" Albion crafts also walked off in sympathy and a "Bloody Thursday" in the 1934 S.F. general strike. Two unionists Hall" group (named after their meeting joint strike committee, as called for by were murdered by S.F. cops in the "Battle of Rincon Hill" place) around Harry Bridges, provided the I LA convention, was set up, with the driving force behind the struggle to each union pledging not to return to build the union. It was these militant work until the others had settted. 6 WORKERS VANGUARD Shipping on the entire West Coast was just murdered two strikers! halted. General Strike! Shocked WL Supporters Pull Off Despite this militant maritime soli­ The maritime strike committee had darity. support from truck drivers called a mass meeting for July 7. to remained critical to the success of the Ex-National Secretary which all Bay Area unions had been strike. The shippers immediately re­ cruited scabs ·-many of them students urged to send delegations for the from the Uni\ersity of California. purpose of implementing general strike dubbed the "scab incubator" to un­ action and forming a broad strike load the ships. while police armed with leadership. The support for a general Fred Mazelis Assaults an anti-picketing ordinance kept the strike was solid. but when the establish­ strikers at a distance. Over the \igorous ment of the officials' Strategy Commit­ objections of its president. \1ichael tee was announced the maritime com­ Casey. however. the S. F. Teamsters mittee decided to rostpone action in local \oted not to move scab goods off order not to undercut the CLC which Spartacist Militant the piers. By May 27. there were at least was apparently taking steps toward a 25.000 workers out. and the San general strike. This deferral by Bridges Francisco port alone was losing and his CP supporters to the Labor $100.000 per day because of the strike. Council bureaucrats handed the strike leadership to labor fakers whose sole While maritime workers were march­ in Cleveland aim was to betray the strike. This was ing on the Embarcadero. I LA president the critical mistake of the militants. At a Cleveland shopping center last supporter for starting a "non-political" Ryan, a fossilized craft unionist who from which disastrous consequences week. Fred Mazelis. former national argument. defended the "shape-up" system against inevitably followed. secretary of the disintegrating Workers Responding to another question. hiring halls, flew into town at the The CLC began to feel an increasing League (WL). physically assaulted a Mazelis defended the WL's political request of government mediators and pressure for strike action. Finally. the WV salesman. While WL thuggery is far support to the petty-bourgeois national­ attempted to convince longshoremen to Strategy Committee asked all city from unprecedented. the frenzied attack ist M PLA. But when pressed about the arbitrate wages and hours and accept a unions to send five delegates each to a so startled several of Mazelis' shocked M PLA's strike-breaking activities, Ma­ jointly controlled hiring hall (i.e .. meeting July 14, at which a vote of 315 supporters standing nearby that they zelis without warning put down his leaving control in the employers' hands) to 15 authorized a general strikefor July rushed forward to restrain him and drag bundle of Bulletins, grabbed the SLer by with no closed shop provision. Though 16. A strike committee was appointed him away. the throat and began hitting him in the roundly voted down in all ports, he by the Labor Council, consisting for the Mazelis initially appeared reasonable face. The S Ler struck back effectively in proceeded to sign an agreement to this most part of salaried union officials who enough and bought a copy of WV But self-defense and three W Lers intervened effect about two weeks later in San were chummy with the top AFL when asked why he was no longer WL to stop Mazelis' unprovoked attack. Francisco Mayor Rossi's office, pledg­ bureaucrats. head and why the WL had changed its Mazelis began shouting to his com­ ing the longshoremen's compliance with On Monday. July 16, the city was leadership so often in the past couple of rades. "No, no! This is important!" the agreement. But the dockers rejected seriously crippled, but the CLC began to years, Mazelis denounced the Spartacist Clearly beside himself. he told the S Ler: the deal, and Ryan was booed off the sell out the general strike from the very "We kicked your ass in Los Angeles platform in the San Francisco local. first day. Employees of the Municipal too .... This is just the beginning!" More importantly, Ryan's treachery Railway (M uni) were told to return to Workers League gangster violence made the need for militant leadership work on the grounds that striking would within the workers movement erupted clear, and the joint strike committee jeopardize their civil service status. Protest several times recently in Los Angeles. established earlier was empowered by Phone, telegraph and power workers On March I the WL held a meeting at the ranks to replace the regular execu­ were never called out on strike, leaving Cal. State L.A. to publicize its shameful tive board in handling negotiations. communications in the' grip of the Canada's campaign to smear leaders of the At this point, city rulers represented bourgeoisie. Printing union leaders reformist Socialist Workers Party as by the S. F. Chamber of Commerce and dangled the restoration of a 10 percent "accomplices of the G PU" in the the Industrial Association decided to pay cut before the eyes of union Expulsion of Stalinists' assassination of Trotsky. open the port by force. Trucking goods members. convincing them to stay at When members of the Spartacus Youth from the piers to the warehouses was the work. Moreover. since the CLC did not League appeared at this "public" meet­ employers' immediate tactical objective, publish a central strike bulletin, the ing, they were physically threatened and so they focused on breaking Teamster city's workers were totally dependent Rosie one was assaulted and choked. A support for the strike. Police formed for news on the bosses' press, none of supporter of the WL's Young Sociahsts cordons for scab trucks and attacked which supported the strike. A publish­ told a campus employee to have the strikers. For two days clubs flailed, and er's committee censored all newspapers Douglas university police eject the S YLers on the on "Bloody Thursday," July 5, two to make sure the strike was slandered grounds that not all of them were strikers were' killed by police bullets. and red-baited from every column. The students. The port was immediately occupied by Hearst papers in particular were so The next week, when the same the National Guard. vicious that several unions took boycott presentation was made at UCLA, an Bridges and the Communist Party action and their members refused to enraged David North, current WL (CP) had already begun agitation for a read them! national secretary, attacked a photog­ general strike in response to the employ­ Sheet metal workers were told by the rapher and ripped her camera out of her ers' "open the port" declaration, and CLC to repair police cars, a traitorous hands. now the movement mushroomed, al­ act providing direct aid to the military Then two weeks later at a March 21 though stalling AFL leaders prevented fist of the class enemy. While originally meeting of TUALP, the WL's fake immediate action. Bridges and 1,000 only a few services, such as hospitals and trade-union front, at the Los Angeles longshoremen and seamen were present milk deliveries, were allowed to func­ Convention Center, Spartacist support­ at a July I I Teamster meeting, despite tion, permits were soon given to. ers were excluded, as were members of protests from Casey and CLC president hundreds of owner-operators of trucks, the Militant Caucus of AFSCME Local Vandeleur, who argued vigorously amid charges of scandals in issuance of 2070, a class-struggle opposition within agai'nst the strike. Through rank-and­ permits. Numbers of restaurants were the public employees union. When one file pressure, Bridges was allowed to allowed to open, feeding the rich, while Militant Caucus member insisted on address the Teamsters, and an over­ many small groceries were kept closed. his right to attend, he was set upon by whelmingly pro-strike vote was taken In addition, squads of police agents, WL goons and struck in the face. As following his speech. posing as dissatisfied workers, were before, the WL enlisted the aid of the Similar delegations of up to 75 organized to carry out a vicious witch­ Convention Center management to strikers were sent to other unions hunt. On the second day of the strike expel the SL and Militant Caucus throughout the city, with similar re­ (and with at least tacit support of the members, and the Los Angeles Police sults. Sympathy strikes were declared by AFL bureaucracy), these provocateurs Department was called in to lend a ship boilermakers, machinists, welders. went on an anti-communist rampage, hand. These Stalinist hooligan tactics are butchers and laundry workers. By July smashing the offices of the CP's Western Rosie Douglas Old Mole 13, 32,000 workers belonging to 13 Worker, the IWW and the MWIU. The completely alien to the Trotskyism unions were on strike. Some of them, police who "mopped up" after them which the WL pretends to uphold. They like the Market Street streetcar employ­ arrested more than 300 "radicals" in one Caribbean militant Roosevelt (Rosie) are the tactics of an impotent, paranoid ees, put forward their own contract day. Militants were even pulled out of Douglas, who has been fighting depor­ sect which cannot defend its politics and demands. picket lines and victimized. These tation from Canada to his native is terrified of losing control of its The Central Labor Council was activities had a demoralizing effect on Dominica since 1972, has been expelled membership. Labor militants and sup­ rapidly being forced to revise its tactics the strike, and the CP's isolation fwm under an order issued by Canadian porters of all left-wing political tenden­ under this intense pressure. Earlier in the labor movement plus its tactical 1mmigration Minister Robert Andras cies must defend the principle of June it had passed a resolution demand­ sectarianism made it difficult to mobi­ and Solicitor-General Warren Allmand workers democracy by repUdiating the ing that the ILA "disavow all connec­ lize a broad defense against these "red declaring him a "national security risk." Workers League's despicable gangster­ tions with the communistic element on scare" attacks. Meanwhile, Bridges' Earlier Douglas was imprisoned for 18 ism and expunging such practices from the waterfront." However, to undercut strike committee had already undercut months for taking part in a 1969 the workers movement .• the rising general strike sentiment after the defense by affirming that, while it demonstration at Sir George Williams "Bloody Thursday" the CLC set up a was willing to accept support from any University in Montreal. SPARTACISt edition fran~aise­ Strategy Committee, which stalled for a source, it was an "anti-communist" Douglas went into hiding earlier this pour-toute commande s'adresser a: week while supposedly "studying" the year to escape deportation and possible organization (Charles Larrowe, Harry Bruno Porquier Spartacist Publishing Co. possible implementation of a general Bridges, 1972). imprisonment, torture or even execu­ B.P.57 Box 1377 GPO, strike. The CLC also' sent a whining tion by the vicious government of 95120 Ermont New York, N.Y. 10001 . telegram to the governor, saying that the Bureaucratic Sabotage -dictator Patrick John on the tiny West FRANCE USA National Guard wasn't necessary be­ On July 17 the CLC strike committee Indian island of Dominica-the same cause the city police were well-equipped presented a re~olution to the city unions government which framed up Desmond 3,00 F. $.75 US/Canada 'to do their job. And this, after they had continued un page J J continued on page 9 14 MAY 1976 7 Soap.Jp'era Social Democrag Can Tim and Nancy at Last Find True Happiness in the SWP? In a sickly:"sweet feature interview in repentant "reds" exposing the designs of Wohlforth's adhesion as a testament to But where was Wohlforth when the the 7 May Militant, former Workers extremism's sinister masterminds. This the SWP's appetite to become the WL "found itself' utilizing these meth­ League (WL) leaders Tim Wohlforth is the thrust of the article, right down to inclusive party of American social ods? Wohlforth was the WL National and Nancy Fields discussed their recon­ its just-folks Readers' Digest-like tone. democracy, the Militant generously not Secretary! Glorying in his role as tinpot ciliation with the Socialist Workers W ohlforth's path to self-righteous only forgives Wohlforth his years of tyrant, Wohlforth ran the WL with such Party (SWP). The four-page spread is a reformism was prepared by years of slander and gangsterism against exter­ arrogant bureaucratism that the hemor­ disingenuous exercise in mutual back­ consummate cynicism as head of a nal organizational competitors, but also rhaging of members had reached ep­ scratching in which "Tim" and "Nancy" tendency which, although claiming the alibis his arbitrary despotism as head of idemic proportions before Healy play the injured innocents, duped 10 mantle of "anti-revisionist" left opposi­ the Workers League tendency. The reached in to remove his U.S. deputy. these many years by manipulative tion to the SWP, showed itself ever article approvingly allows Wohlforth to When Wohlforth was purged from sectarians, who have suddenly dis­ willing to shelve its pretended "princi­ slough off onto the shoulders of the the WL in late 1974, spouting indigna­ covered with surprised delight that the ples" for any passing opportunist WL's international big daddy, Gerry tion about Healy's high-handed organi­ friendly reformists of the SWP have appetite. The WL's "theory" that in a Healy of the British WRP, all responsi­ zational methods and mouthing pieties been right about everything all along. situation of economic crisis wage bility for the political banditry and about Healyite destruction of cadres, After being ousted in late 1974 from demands are inherently revolutionary, Stalinist-like internal regime of the WL WVlikened this hypocrisy to the piteous the fake-Trotskyist WL (which Wohl­ for example, is no less an abandonment during Wohlforth's decade as its Na­ cries of a Jay Lovestone bemoaning the forth had launched ten years earlier of the transitional program than the tional Secretary. Wohlforth describes crimes of a Joseph Stalin. Wohlforth's upon leaving the SWP!), the duo came SWP's consistent reformism. himself as "especially impressed" by the lurid 39-page expose of his fall from increasingly into the SWP's orbit. Still, there is something positively extent to which the SWP "has held its grace, reported in WV ("Wohlforth Although their incorporation into the indecent about Wohlforth's conversion, members over the years": Terminated," WV No. 61, 31 January SWP was no secret to anyone, the for his "case" for the SWP rests simply "'This stood in such stark contrast to 1975) and later serialized in full in the Militant interview is the first public on an indictment of the Workers Healy's group,' Tim went on. There is SWP's Intercontinental Press, was an display of the lengths to which Wohl­ League, that twisted parody of "anti­ such a fantastic chewing up of people. elaborate whitewash of Wohlforth's forth has gone to disavow his political Pabloist Trotskyism." A naive reader of And, unfortunately, the Workers complicity as Healy's 12-year groveling League found itself in many ways past and regain the SWP's good graces. the interview would never guess that the imitating his methods.' lieutenant and junior partner. And quite a spectacle it is: W ohlforth WL was from its inception Wohlforth's The WL is notorious for "chewing "Wohlforth feels that these methods embraces the SWP's reformist line on creature. drove a lot of members out of the up" its membership. There is a political every question with all the zeal of a In exchange for the ability to exploit organization .... " basis for its orientation toward rebelli­ ous but politically naive youth, who are pulled in on' an activist basis and propelled by crisis-mongering and get­ rich-quick schemes for a couple of years MPLA Arrests Its Left Wing until, demoralized and convinced that "socialism" is just another shell game, they drift quietly out of politics without MA Y 10-Despite the rhetoric of Gentil Viana, a former adviser to Neto, sources also report the dissidents have ever challenging the cynical policies of "People's Power" and the window­ Rui Castro Lopo, a former commander raised racially inflammatory slogans the WL leadership. This is the Healyite dressing of advisory workers commis­ of the MPLA's second military region attacking the M PLA for including "method," in deliberate counterposition sions in industry and people's commis­ during the guerrilla war against the whites and mulattoes in its government. to the Leninist conception of a party of sions in the towns, the People's Portuguese, Manuel Videira, a doctor While calling for military support to dedicated and conscious revolutionary who served on the eastern front during Movement for the Liberation of Angola the M PLA against the CIA-engineered, cadres. (M PLA) continues to ruthlessly lash out the war, and Hugo de Menezes, a South African-led imperialist power at the slightest organizational or politi­ member of the M PLA's steering com­ play in Angola beginning last fall, the Babes in the Woods? cal expression of working-class inde­ mittee in 1962. international Spartacist tendency re­ Considering what passes for political pendence. In early April the one-party fused to capitulate to the leftist preten­ In his attacks, Alves lumped the education in the WL, it is conceivable bourgeois regime in Luanda launched sions of Neto, Alves & Co. Rather than Andrade brothers' group together with that Fields--although in contact with yet another round-up of leftists and calling for "all power to the M PtA," as the OCA, an organization which is the WL since 1966, a member since 1970 critics of M PLA policies. According to did the European majority of the self­ and eventually part of its Political Intercontinental Press (10 May), by reportedly influenced by Peking but. proclaimed "United Secretariat of the Committee, according to the Militant­ month's end the Angolan Directorate of unlike the Chinese Stalinists, labels U.S. Fourth International" (USec), we un­ had actually been unfamiliar with the Information and Security had arrested imperialism the "main enemy" in Ango­ derlined the need for an independent history of the SWP prior to the over a hundred political opponents. la. The interior minister reportedly Trotskyist vanguard party of the prole­ Wohlforth/ Fields voyage of discovery Interior Minister Nito Alves, recently announced that, "All obviously reac­ tariat. WV repeatedly warned that the beginning a year and a half ago. The returned from Moscow, signaled the tionary individuals-those who individ­ M PLA sought to replace colonial rule Militant's portrayal of her is as a self­ wave of repression with a speech ually are known to belong to the OCA, not with a government of the workers described "activist" always skeptical of ordering the immediate arrest of all either as advisers, writers, or propagan­ and peasants, but rather with a regime the WL for "not getting involved" and supporters of the Maoist Angolan dists, or those who have up to now been representing the interests of the emerg­ looking for ways to "help the Workers Communist Organization (OCA) and passionately loyal to the Revolta Activa ing Angolan bourgeoisie. League break out of being a narrow, the "Active Revolt" faction within the or have shown such an attitude-will The current suppression of left-wing sectarian group that just criticized." But M PLA itself. The Lisbon weekly Ex­ have to be immediately arrested" (Inter­ organizations and their pUblications, the treacle that drips from the mouths of presso of 30 April noted that Alves' continental Press, 10 May). along with opposition elements inside "Tim and Nancy" in the interview is speech "clearly alluded to the possibility The describes the M PLA's Economist the M PLA, is a striking confirmation of simply mind-boggling. of executions, made more probable by critics as "young Angolans and Portu­ our earlier warnings. It is a continuation The incident which precipitated the recent creation of the revolutionary guese under the influence of two far-left of the MPLA's attempts to break dock Wohlforth and Fields out of the WL was people's tribuna1." Portuguese parties, the Portuguese workers' strikes (in the spring of 1975) Gerry Healy's personal intervention The most widely known figure caught Democratic Union and the Revolution­ and its disarming of self-defense groups into a WL summer camp, charging that up in the government dragnet was ary Movement of the Portuguese in Luanda's shantytowns last October. Fields was "probably" a CIA agent and Father Joaquim Pinto de Andrade, Proletariat." In a dispatch from Luan­ At that time, also, supporters of the that Wohlforth had covered up the CIA former honorary president of the da, the Guardian [London] of 3 April Maoist-influenced Amilcar Cabral connections of his companion's family. MPLA. With his brother Mario, a writes: "The left-wingers have formed Committees and USec supporters ,The WL investigation subsequently founder of the Angolan Communist various clandestine groups and have grouped around Revoluriio Socialista "cleared" Fields but she was barred Party in 1955 and one of the earliest demanded that the M PLA immediately were arrested and summarily deported from positions of leadership and Wohl­ leaders of the M PLA, Andrade has been form a Government of 'workers and forth was removed as WL National a major internal opponent of the to Portugal (see "M PLA:'National­ peasants.' In the past month they have Secretary. leadership of Agostinho Neto. In 1974 ists of a New Type'?" WV No. 93, 23 accelerated propaganda activities According to the Militant interview, his Active Revolt group in the M PLA January). among labourers and in the poorer "it became clear to me [Fields] that charged Neto with "presidential ism," Faced with growing oppOSitIOn neighborhoods of Luanda." Healy's methods were wrong" only "tribalism" and "regionialism" and among the working masses, who feel Another target of the government following this confrontation. Fields says opposed any dealings with the CIA­ that national independence should not crackdown is the jorna! de Operdrio she began rereading James P. Cannon's backed National Front for the Libera­ be a license for plunder by nouveaux ("Workers Newspaper") which report­ Speeches to the Party and, it seems, tion of Angola (FNLA). the bourgeois "People's Repub­ edly "accuses the Popular Movement riches, found eye-opening insights: According to the London Economist government of selling out both to the lic" of Angola is ruthlessly crushing all " ... 'There is a lot of material in there on (April 3): "Active Revolt ... has not co­ Russians (because it accepted Soviet political opposition, including from how you assemble the cadres of a party. operated with the Popular Movement military aid) and to the Americans militants who bravely fought against the Cannon talks about a "control commis­ since it became the government. It has a (because it has asked the Gulf Oil Portuguese colonial army and the South sion," an impartial body that can strong following in the university and corporation to resume oil production in African invasion. Those bogus socialists conduct a calm, objective investigation of something like a reasonable suspi­ amoag those who are loosely known as Cabinda). The paper also attacks the who called for political confidence in the cion that a party member might be a the movement's intellectuals." The Cubans in Angola as 'the new coloniz­ M PLA are now reaping their bitter police agent. arrested Active Revolt leaders include ers'" (Economist, 3 April). Numerous reward .• "'It's all in there. Before long I began to 8 WORKERS VANGUARD

i ~ {: believe that he and Fields suddenly needs of these [specially oppressed] tated to echo the villification of Hansen discovered and solved the Cuba ques­ layers and to play down the importance with the same zeal he displayed in of democratic demands. tion in "a few weeks" in 1974! "They will counterpose a full socialist slandering the Spartacist League as "the Similarly, the interview presents program to certain democratic de­ fingerman of the worlu capitalist class." Cannon's Speeches to the Party as the mands ... : Tim said. 'Or. if thcy consid­ The SWP accepts the adhesion of this duo's real introduction to the Leninist er themselves to be Trotskvists: thcv will discredited cynic to buttress its search often counterpose what we call "transi­ for new international bloc partners as conception of party-building. At the tional demands."' ... " same time, though, it tries to imply that the "U nited Secretariat" non-aggression Authentic Trotskyists do not "counter­ Cannon had always been one of Wohl­ pact fragments. One can surmise that pose" . the transitional program to forth's heroes: the SWP looks upon Wohlforth as a reform demands. but rather to reform­ '''While we can now sec how we really possible lure for Alan Thornett's split­ didn't grasp much of it. we had alway's ism. A reformist policy. such as that off from Healy's own organization in taken the history of the SWP ven' pursued by the SWP. aims at "winning England and perhaps for Healy's main seriously and tried to train people in it:' reforms" through subordinating the bloc partner until 1971, the OCI in Tim indicated. This general attitude proletariat to the class enemy. thereby toward James P. Cann~lO. the founding France, with which the SWP has been leader of the SWP. now oecame \en· building into the "reform" struggle not negotiating. The appeal is clearly important. ... " - only the guarantees of its own impo­ directed to bigger fish than the irrepara­ This is another shameless falsification. tence but also the reinforcement of bly compromised Wohlforth. Back in 1964, as part of his "The bourgeois ideology and the seeds of Even as an opponent, Wohlforth Struggle for Marxism in the United future defeats and betrayals. rendered the SWP invaluable services, Wohlforth justifies the suicidal poli­ States." Wohlforth had portrayed the beginning with breaking up the left founder of American Trotskyism as a cies which the SWP pushes for the black opposition to the SWP's degeneration people of Boston by contrasting them parochial pragmatist and proletarian and orchestrating the expUlsion of the Tim Wohlforth with the abstentionism of the WL: primitive: RT majority. Along with his mentor "As they continued to review their ,Healy, Wohlforth and his Workers have bookmarks stuck all over. Everv "The primary concern of Cannon's experiences they began to reach the night when Tim would come home. -I from the moment he joined the [Com­ conclusion that Healy had always been League provided the revisionists with a would sav to him. "Listen to this. This is munist] party until the moment he was unable to comprehend the significance ready-made horrible example, enabling what Ca~non said.'" expelled in 192X was the American of Black oppression in this country. "'You would jump on me as soon as I question .... Cannon never evinced any them to equate all left opposition with That was what was reallv behind the idiot sectarianism and calculated organ­ walked through the door: Tim said." interest in the great questions of abstention of his American followers Marxist theory and politics which izational barbarism. Now he is ready to Even as theatre, this soap opera of home from the Boston march." occupied the major attention of the serve the SWP more directly. life among the ex-Healyites is uncon­ Communist International III this The dichotomy is SWP reformism vs. vincingly maudlin, to say the least. As Wohlforth's WL ceaselessly sought to period .... abstentionism, and the villain is­ climb onto the SWP's reformist band­ politics, it is flatly phony. Who is this "Virtuallv no one in the American again-Gerry Healy. "Tim" who was able to look with "fresh party. least o( all Cannon. either wagons, despite spouting a far more understood or was reallv interested in In fact, under Healy's tutelage, the "leftist" line reflecting opportunist eyes" at his organization only after the great struggles going Bn within the WL manifested the most obscene "Nancy" unearthed in Cannon's book orientation toward a differing recruit­ CI and the Bolshevik party .... "[empha­ gyrations over the black question. From ment pool. Undeterred by its recurring the long-lost secret of the impartial sis in original] the initial failure to oppose the SWP's penchant for stridently proclaiming control commission? Thus Wohlforth sought to present turn toward black nationalism in the Originally recruited in 1957 to the political confidence in Ho Chi Minh's himself as America's first real Marxist early 1960's, the Wohlforthites oscillat­ Stalinists, the WL could never resist the Young Socialist League, a degeneration politician! ed back and forth from gross insensitivi­ urge to tail the SWP's popular-frontist product of Max Shachtman's right split ty to black oppression (the WL Bulletin antiwar policy. from the Trotskyist movement. Wohl­ Nancy Gets a Job once carried the headline "Black Cau­ forth broke from Shachtmanism and in cuses Are Reactionary") to shameless The Spartacist tendency in 1971 In repudiating their political past, one noted that the Healyites' often rabid 1960 was one of the founders of the of the biggest pills for "Tim and Nancy" tailing of militant black nationalists like SWP's youth group, as the Militant the Panthers in the attempt to consoli­ "anti-revisionism" "has always had to sugar-coat is their switch from the something of the character of a personal explains. He was the leading spokesman WL's hypocritical-economist "working­ date a following among lumpenized for the anti-revisionist Revolutionary minority-group youth. vendetta by a cast-off currently on the class line" to the SWP's line that the outs with his masters." Healy's 1970 Tendency (RT) which emerged within class axis is not primary and extra-class Wohlforth Comes "Home" unity overtures toward the United the SWP in the 1961-63 period. After "liberation" movements (respectable carrying out an unprincipled split of Secretariat, his proclamation that the black nationalism, pro-imperialist paci­ In exchange for his blanket endorse­ SWP youth would be the WL's "road to these forces in 1962 under Healy's direct fism, bourgeois feminism) lead inevi­ guidance, and provoking the SWP's ment of reformism SWP style, the the American working class," exemplify tably to "socialist" consciousness. Per­ Militant confers upon Wohlforth a full the appetite beneath the bitter estrange­ expUlsion of the R T majority led by haps the most blatantly fraudulent James Robertson (which later evolved pardon for his sins, named and un­ ment. Now it seems that Wohlforth description of Wohlforth/ Fields' mo­ into the Spartacist League), Wohlforth named. There is not a word about the learned his lessons better than Healy tion toward the SWP is the mechanism functioned for ten years as National WL's notorious practice of exclusion­ might have wished .• suggested to explain their enlighten­ Secretary of the American Healyites ism and physical violence against other ment on the woman question. after departing the SWP in 1964. ostensible socialists (which has included Wohlforth and Fields need to justify Wohlforth now spits on the part he vicious assaults against SWP support­ their switch from the WL's sneering played in the fight against the SWP's ers). The Militant permits Wohlforth to insensitivity to women's oppression Rosie Douglas ... right turn to centrism, codified organi­ disavow "the most recent chapter in (reflecting the WL appetite to cozy up to (continued from page 7) zationally by its part in the 1963 Healy's strange history"-the scandal­ the labor bureaucracy on the basis of Trotter. However, late last month reunification which formed the United ous campaign of baseless slander existing backwardness among sections Douglas was captured by the Royal Secretariat. Wohlforth explicitly attri­ against the SWP's Joseph Hansen and of the working class) to the SWP's gung­ Canadian Mounted Police, slapped in butes the SWP's "internationalism" to George Novack as "accomplices of the ho tail ism of the program of the liberal jail and quickly spirited cout of ,the its "decision in 1963 to move toward GPU" (Stalin's secret police) in the bourgeoisie (Equal Rights Amendment, country. collaboration with the forces in the assassination of Leon Trotsky. Sole abortion law repeal, government attack Although he has been "allowed" to United Secretariat of the Fourth responsibility is conveniently laid at on union-won seniority rights through "emigrate" to Jamaica instead of being lnternational"-a "decision" which he "Healy's" doorstep, as if Wohlforth­ "preferential hiring" and "preferential deported to Dominica as originally opposed! He also solidarizes with the who for ten years led his organization in layoff" schemes, etc.)_ With an appar­ ordered, Douglas' expUlsion represents SWP's "wholly positive" (i.e., uncriti­ the systematic application of violenGe ently straight face the article explains: an attack on all immigrants, the left and cally tailist) position on the Cuban and slander against political "Their ideas on women's liberation the working class as a whole which must revolution. opponents-would somehow have hesi- changed in an unexpected way. While in be vigorously protested. It is part of the Needless to say the Militant interview the Workers League. both worked full­ racist uproar over immigration touched makes no mention of the RT majority's time for the organization. off by the Trudeau government's "Green evolved position on Cuba: the analysis '''Now Nancy was forced to take the most god-awful job, dominated by Paper" last year. Hoping to turn the of Cuba as a deformed workers state economic and social discrimination Ulrike Meinhof ... workers' anger against "undesirable and the Trotskyist call for military against women: Tim recalled. aliens," it proposes to reduce unemploy­ defense of Cuba against imperialism "The impact of the day-to-day world of (continued from page I) ment of "native" Canadians through the and domestic counterrevolution, linked a woman worker in New York City caused them to reconsider the Workers political statements are repeatedly ruled deportation of immigrants. to the demand for proletarian democra­ League's view that the women's libera­ out of order. All have been incarcerated Despite sharp political differences cy through soviets. Wohlforth and tion movement is a middle-class for years, much of it in solitary confine­ with Douglas' reformist, "Third World­ Fields confine themselves to heaping diversion. " ment; German law does not recognize ist" politics, which place the struggle scorn on the Healyite "analysis" that What a magnificent gift to the reform­ habeas corpus, and so-called "protec­ against racial oppression apart from Cuba remains capitalist-an "ortho­ ists' stereotype of the hapless sectarian tive" or "preventive" detention is a and above the class struggle, neverthe­ dox" reflex which denies reality, much who sees the light when confronted at commonplace for victimized left-wing less the Trotskyist League of Canada, to the delight of the SWP: last by the real world. opponents of the Bonn regime. sympathizing section of the internation­ ·"It didn't take us more than a few weeks The Baader-Meinhof show trial has al Spartacist tendency. has resolutely to see that Healy was all wrong on Tim Discovers Democratic Cuba: Tim said. been under way for a year. and has been declared its solidarity with the victim­ '''Everyone who drops out of the Demands expected to run for another two. But in ized black militant and been active in his Workers League immediately changes The programmatic core of the article the case of Ulrike Meinhof. killed in her defense. Also, the Partisan Defense their position on Cuba: Nancy added." (to the extent it has one) is a presenta­ jail cell. this slow juridicial strangula­ Committee financially contributed to In July 1961 Wohlforth became the anti­ tion of the archtypically reformist tion has been discarded in favor of a Douglas' defense campaign. revisionist forces' major literary expo­ schema which portrays revolutionists as swifter method of retribution. This, too. Recent attempts by the Canadian nent of the position that Cuba was a sectarians, not only indifferent to real is a part of capitalist class "justice." government to deport or deny citizen­ deformed workers state by authoring struggles but even hostile to real gains. The repressive guardians of bourgeois ship to militants like Douglas, as well as "Cuba and the Deformed Workers Thus, reforms (which are termed "dem­ "law and order" must not be permitted the campaign to tighten immigration States" on behalf ofthe then-united R T. ocratic demands") and revolutionary to enforce their cover-up by intimidat­ laws in genera\. represent an attack on However Healy swiftly brought Wohl­ struggle are presented as mutually ing critics with threats of legal prosecu­ all working people. Left. labor and mi­ forth to heel and for the next 12 years he exclusive: tion. Stop the witch hunting show nority organizations must wage a loyally expounded the Healyite "Cuba is "Some in the radical movement. Tim trials-Free the RAF and all victimized broad-based campaign to beat back the capitalist" line. Now he asks us to and Nancy noted. tend to ignore the left-wing prisoners! • racist. anti-communist offensive .•

14 MAY 1976 9 required a citywide general strike, grouping around l.ol7,1!,shore Militalll. April) wrote: "At the time, we were not drawing in all the ranks of S. F. labor While the first two parts--·calling for clear that the union leaders were our S.F. City Workers against the strikebreaking Board. not joining the picket lines and shutting enemies all the way down the line. We (continued/rom pOKe 1) only to defend the craft workers but also down the port--were ruled out of order, knew that they were corrupt. incompe­ to insist on the unconditional right to the third part (for an ':immediate mass tent and sellouts, but not that they were started by Laborers Union head George strike, abolition of all the anti-labor meeting of city labor to launch an the main agent of the ruling class." Evankovitch, who ordered a small propositions and reopening of all the immediate general strike") managed to For Progressive Labor, the solution number of workers back to work for the city worker contracts. in order to reach the floor. However, the CP for the workers was simple: "To halt the Housing Authority, called off pickets as reverse the sellout of non-craft munici­ supporter amended this so capitalism in sacrificing days later. In the intervening period. the most fundamental union gains and In an effort to undercut membership A major factor working in favor of however, they provided a dramatic betraying the most bitterly fought restiveness, the U R W bureaucrats have the rubber companies was the stockpil­ display of solidarity to other maritime struggles. These class traitors' support "permitted" a limited display of militan­ ing of tires before the strike by automo­ unions. Althot.:;gh they had voted to go for the bourgeoisie extends from ob­ cy. On May 3. six hundred pickets bile companies-and the further aug­ back. the longshoremen honored their structing the movement for a general defied an injunction and blocked en­ menting of these supplies after the strike commitment to stay out until all other strike to opportunistically seeking to trances to the Akron plants of Good­ began. (There are persistent rumors of maritime unions had also voted. When take it over for the purpose of derailing year, Goodrich and Firestone. Thou­ shipments of Canadian tires to Ameri­ the maritime workers returned. they all it. sands of salaried employees were can auto plants.) As long as auto marched across the Embarcadero to­ The task of revolutionaries is to begin prevented from entering the company assembly lines continue to run, there gether, as an unbroken group. now to lay the groundwork for ousting offices. The pickets remained until will be relatively little pressure on the Although the general strike was sold these dangerous fakers. by ed ucating the leaders of Locals 2, 5 and 7 pulled them Big Four to arrive at a settlement. While out and the dockers were forced to working class in the need for uncompro­ off at the order of Summit County the exact size of company stockpiles is a accept arbitration of all their demands. mising independence from the capital­ Common Police Judge Sam H. Bell. carefully guarded secret, informed the workers had built powerful union ists. exposing the betrayals of the Similarly, a few unidentified pickets observers estimate that a major pinch organizations and decisively smashed present misleaders and providing mili­ appeared before midnight on May 7 at will not be felt until June I at the earliest the company unions. The strikes tant leadership for the workers move­ the Seiberling plant owned by Firestone (Wall Street Journal, 7 May). Mean­ strengthened the entire Bay Area labor ment in its vital struggles. Only a in Barbaton. Ohio. and almost every while. rubber workers are being forced movement with an influx of new strategy of consistent class struggle can union member honored their lines. This to subsist on $35 a week strike benefits, members. And in the following months. lead to victory---the "realistic" concilia­ was repeated at 6 a.m. on May 8. A and even these paltry funds will be maritime workers (both longshoremen tors have nothing to offer but defeat.. single woman picket kept the noon shift exhausted after two and a half pay­ and seamen) were able to establish the out while workers congregated across ments! This has forced the UR W tops to closed shop and union-controlled hiring the street. call a special convention for May 27 to halls through militant job actions, SPARTACIST LEAGUE consider increasing dues to beef up the despite the fact they they lost on these LOCAL DIRECTORY However. such actions are being strike fund. points under the arbitration award. carefully monitored and orchestrated by Leonard Woodcock. president of the Although the leadership provided by ANN ARBOR ...... (313) 995-9645 union leaders-at no risk to themselves. UA W, has only paid lip service to the c/o SYL, Room 4316 The picketing at Seiberling was conspi­ cause of the rubber workers. While the Albion Hall group and CP was Michigan Union, U. of Michigan decisive at several points in preventing Ann Arbor, MI 48109 cuous by the absence of U R W Local 18 endorsing the toothless Firestone con­ officials (as well as of the cops), and sumer boycott, he has acquiesced to the defeat of the 1934 strike at the hands of BERKELEY/ ILA chief Ryan and his cronies-and in OAKLAND ...... (415) 835-1535 workers told WVthat production would stockpiling by auto companies which laying the basis for the later creation of Box 23372 be resumed the following Monday. fundamentally undercuts the strike. the Maritime Federation of the Oakland, CA 94623 Such sporadic and staged shows of Auto workers must come to the aid of Pacific-both fai-Ied at the critical point . BOSTON ...... (617) 492-3928 militancy will not win the strike but only rubber workers by refusing to handle to prevent domination of the general Box 188 (617) 436-1497 serve to dissipate the genuine anger of the stockpiled tires and other struck M.I.T. Station the rank and file. rubber products. Such action was strike by the AFL bureaucrats. The Cambridge, MA 02139 AFL tops, in turn. after spending advocated by one group of auto work­ CHiCAGO ...... (312) 427-0003 months trying to cram arbitration by Box 6441, Main P.O. International Boycott ers, the Militant Solidarity Caucus Roosevelt's NRA down the throats of Chicago, IL 60680 (MSC) of UAW Local 906 in Mahwah, Bommarito, who recently returned the longshoremen, only took over CLEVELAND ...... (216) 371-3643 New Jersey. A spokesmen for the MSC leadership of the general strike because Box 6765 from a trip to Geneva, Switzerland. is told WV last week that it distributed a they were afraid of losing control of Cleveland, OH 44101 currently ballyhooing his scheme for an leaflet to union members criticizing their organizations. DETROIT ...... (313) 881-1632 international boycott against Firestone, UA W leaders, saying: "But a leadership The Communist Party admitted Box 663A, General P.O. which may later be extended to Good­ that believed in solidarity action and not Detroit, MI 48232 shortly afterwards that: year. Genuine international labor soli­ just words would mobilize the auto­ "The Party. at the decisive moment HOUSTON darity among rubber workers could be a workers to REFUSE TO HANDLE when the bureaucrats stood isolated Box 26474 crucial element for a U R W victory. STRUCK TIRES!" Houston, TX 77032 and the workers were rallying for the However, the international boycott Of course, Bommarito as well as LOS ANGELES .... (213) 663-9674 General Strike in the first meeting at sponsored by the International Federa­ Woodcock has no intention of challeng­ which the General Strike leadership was Box 26282, Edendale Station elected, did not develop a struggle Los Angeles, CA 90026 tion of Chemical and General Workers ing the Taft-Hartley Act by calling for against the misleaders and saboteurs. It MADISON ...... (608) 257-4212 Unions (ICF. which claims 5.5 million such concrete acts of solidarity. The allowed them through this course to c/o SYL, Box 3334 members in its affiliated member bod­ weak-kneed conduct of the strike by the place themselves at the head of the Madison, WI 53704 ies) promises to be a token affair. U R W bureacracy only prefigures a General Strike and overcome their Although ICF head Charles Levinson isolation by feigning support for the NEW yORK ...... (212) 925-2426 complete sellout at the bargaining table General Strike." Box 1377, G.P.C. claims to be working toward common as well. On some issues, like jobs, the -"Lessons of the Recent Strike New York, NY 10001 expiration dates in many countries for U R W tops are not raising any demands Struggles." CP Central Com­ PHILADELPHIA ... (215) 848-9816 contracts with multinational compa­ Box 25601 .. whatsoever. In addition, Bommarito mittee. 5-6 September 1934 nies. he says that such internationally Philadelphia, PA 19144 has already stated his willingness to Thus at the same time as it was coordinated labor actions are still a few sacrifice the c-o-I clause for the first year victimized for its ultra-leftism, the CP SAN DIEGO P.O. Box 2034 years off. The Firestone boycott. while if the' wage increase is big enough. At the adapted opportunistically to trade­ Chula Vista, CA 92012 rejectingjoint strike action, does include Akron rally he bellyached about Fire­ union militants within the maritime SAN FRANCISCO (415) 564-2845 an appeal to Firestone workers abroad stone's paltry proposals on pensions, unions. The politics of the CP longshore Box 5712 not to work overtime. However, such health and safety, but refused to commit fraction was indistinguishable from San FranCisco, CA 94101 promises of international cooperation himself to any specific contractual "rank-and-file" activists like Harry TROTSKYIST LEAGUE have not meant much in the past. Thus goals. Meanwhile Ike Gold, URW Bridges. who strongly distrusted the at the beginning of the U R W strike, International secretary-treasurer, stated AFL bureaucrats but shrank from the OF CANADA Japanese union leaders promised an frankly that union negotiators "are not task of challenging them for leadership TORONTO ...... (416) 366-4107 "unlimited walkout" in solidarity with out to hurt the companies," but rather to at key points. Though militant, Bridges Box 222, Station B Toronto, Ontario American rubber workers if the Big win "a few pennies" forthe workers. It is was never more than a practical trade Four hadn't settled by April 26. This VANCOUVER ..... (604) 299-5306 precisely such penny-ante class colla­ unionist. ready to check the AFL Box 26, Station A "unlimited walkout" turned out to be borationism that presents the greatest leaders, but lacking a full political Vancouver, B.C. brief strikes against two tire companies obstacle to a victory in the rubber program for smashing the bureaucracy '- which merely coincided with the U R W strike.• 14 MAY 1976 11 WIIIIlEIII """'111 Down with the Reactionar, Offensivel Support the ERA I

abortion rights, the ratification of the Women's Liberation ERA has become a rallying point for a broad spectrum of reactionary forces Through Proletarian j dedicated to the defense of the oppres­ ,,,~ Revolution! sive family structure and the enforce­ it! ment of conventional bourgeois M One component of the current morality. ~ rightward political swing in the United At the present time, 34 states have ,,;.--- States is an anti-women's liberation ratified the ERA, but ratification by campaign which has manifested itself four more states is necessary in order for recently in the publication of a number it to become a constitutional amend­ ----- of virulently male chauvinist books and ment. The bourgeois-feminist National 4, r'- , articles such as The Total Woman, in Organization of Women (l\OW) has 1 v~ the renewed efforts of "right-to-lifers" to called for a demonstration in Spring­ A ;j deny women access to abortion and field, Illinois, on May 16 to demand ,d birth control, and in attempts to block ratification and is sponsoring an "ERA ~, ratification of the Eq ual Rights Amend­ Freedom Train" to Springfield for ERA ment (sec "Reactionary Backlash Tar­ supporters from the East Coast. gets Women's Rights," f,Vomen and Unlike the Socialist Workers Party, f'!',:"r'1f'r.1'1ST I r(lGO~ I" ~ . Revolution i\ o. II, Spring 1976). whose real "program" for women's #)(r,J\JX~ ,,"/1 ,,/V-J·· The ERA, a simple statement liberation is to become indistinguish­ .... v··,. -'" affirming equality bctween men and able from NOW's legalistic tokenism, .""'0.1 women under the la\\, is an entirely the Spartacist League docs not present supportable bourgeois reform. That this the ERA as the solution to women's amendment, which appeared certain to oppression. As Marxists, we maintain achieve ratification a year ago, is now so that the fundamental precondition for hotly contested is a measure of an women's liberation is not bourgeois increasingly hard-line polarization on legal reform but the replacement of the social issues in the U.S. family as an economic unit through the Opponents of the ERA-such as socialization of household labor by a Phyllis Schafly, head of the ultra­ victorious proletarian revolution. rightist "Eagle Forum for God, Home 1\;evertheless, every manifestation of and Country"-have saturated the the current backlash must be vigorously

country with scare-mongering leaflets opposed and every genuine reform WV Photo warning that passage of the ERA will e.g., free abortion on demand, busing to lead straight to sexually integrated integrate school facilities, the Equal national-chauvinist, sexist backward­ lead the working class to the conquest of public toilet facilities, the loss of Rights Amendment--must be support­ ness generated and nurtured by the state power. protective legislation for women in ed. The mobilization of the working sellout labor "leadership" -- is a precon­ --Support the ERA! industry and compulsory military con­ class around its historic interests--in dition for the construction of the --For women's liberation through scription for all. Like the issue of counterposition to the racialist, proletarian vanguard party which must proletarian revolution! Big Four Try to Starve Out Rubber Strikers URW president Peter Bommarito speaking at Akron rally May 8. WV Photo AKRON/CLEVELAND, May 8-An disappointed. estimated crowd of over 1,000 striking After three weeks, the nationwide have continued their policy of cutting later with an agreement to arbitrate the rubber workers and supporters rallied in rubber strike against Firestone, Good­ off SUB payments to 1.700 rubber issue. Akron today Qext to the Rubber Bowl. year, B.F. Goodrich and Uniroyal workers laid off by Firestone, Goodyear Actually, only 70,OQO out of 190,000 The event kicked off the official nation­ remains deadlocked. The companies and Goodrich. U R W members are out on strike. Many wide boycott of Firestone products as have not budged in their opposition to The U R W bureaucracy has retreated of the remaining union members (as well part of the United Rubber Workers union demands on wages and pensions. before the companies' hard-line stance. as some employees of the Big Four) are (URW) strike against the "Big Four" Their offer for a cost-of-living (c-o-I) Although the union initially broke off concentrated in non-tire sectors of the tire companies. Though numerous formula of 5-cents-per-hour increases in negotiations because of the SUB bene­ rubber industry which traditionally pay URW dignitaries, including Interna­ 1977 and 1978 if the consumer price fits cut-off and asserted that affected lower wages. By keeping these workers tional president Peter Bommarito, were index rises 7 points, and a maximum employees would have to be completely at their jobs, the Bommarito bureaucra­ on hand for the occasion, militant increase of 10 cents for an increase of 9 reimbursed for all lost payments before cy is consciously sanctioning this inequi­ workers who hoped to hear a strategy points in the CPI, is downright laugh­ any agreement was signed, it docilely ty in pay scales. Furthermore, the U R W for victory in their strike went away able. In a further provocative move they returned to the bargaining table a day continued on page J J 12 14 MAY 1976