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Also available from Avie… Conversazioni i Cantatas from a Cardinal’s Court

119.5

Andrew Radley countertenor Julian Perkins director

Ingenious Jestings Eight Harpsichord Setts by James Nares played by Julian Perkins av2152

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onversazioni Antonio Caldara (c1670–1736) C i Clori, mia bella Clori 19:03 Cantatas from a Cardinal’s Court 1 Sinfonia Largo – Allegro – Minuet 2:53 2 Recitativo 1:03 3 Aria Larghetto 5:25 countertenor Andrew Radley 4 Recitativo 0:31 Julian Perkins harpsichord and director 5 Aria 2:38 Joel Raymond oboe Jonathan Byers cello 6 Recitativo 1:00 Georgia Browne flute Andrew Maginley lute 7 Aria 5:33 Tomaso Giovanni Albinoni (1671–1751) Senza il core del mio bene 7:53 119.5 8 Aria Largo 5:25 9 Recitativo 0:50 10 Aria Allegro 1:38 (Pietro) Alessandro (Gaspare) Scarlatti (1660–1725) Clori vezzosa, e bella 7:11 11 Recitativo 0:54 12 Aria Andante Lento 3:16 13 Recitativo 0:47 14 Aria Allegro 2:14 (1685–1759) 15 Toccata in G minor, hwv 586 1:20 16 Capriccio in G minor, hwv 483 1:56 (Giuseppe) Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757) 17 Sonata in G minor, k 30 Moderato 4:28

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G. F. Handel Invitation to a conversazione… Vedendo Amor, hwv 175 13:49 18 Recitativo 0:36 in the late seventeenth Century, all roads really did lead to Rome for the 19 Aria 5:01 aspiring musician. There, wealthy aristocrats-turned-priests and Catholic nobility from across Europe vied for cultural status through artistic patronage. 20 Recitativo 0:52 In particular, from 1689 the young Pietro Ottoboni (1667–1740) reigned 21 Aria Andante 3:50 supreme among patrons of music. Having been 22 Recitativo 0:34 elevated to the role of cardinal on the ascent of his 23 Aria Allegro 2:30 great-uncle as Pope Alexander VII, the 22-year-old Pietro Metastasio, 24 Recitativo 0:26 Venetian had time and money to indulge his taste whose libretti D. Scarlatti in music; and indulge he did. Although his annual were set by many 25 Sonata in D minor, k 9 Allegro 4:05 income exceeded 50,000 scudi – a princely sum – composers including 119.5 26 Sonata in D major, k 430 Non presto ma a tempo di ballo 3:21 he was reputedly in perpetual debt, such (according Gluck, Handel, G. F. Handel to Charles de Brosses) was his ‘fanatical’ pursuit Hasse, Mozart, Mi palpita il cor, hwv 132c* 12:47 of musical pleasure. Ottoboni’s largesse attracted and Alessandro 27 Recitativo 0:36 many of the best musicians from throughout the Scarlatti, was Cardinal 28 Arioso Allegro 0:42 Italian states and beyond, who composed for and Ottoboni’s godson. 29 Recitativo 0:47 performed in religious services, and for other events 30 Aria Adagio 6:36 such as his weekly ‘academy of music’. Among 31 Recitativo 0:51 these musicians were Ottoboni’s fellow Venetians, Caldara and Albinoni, the Palermese Alessandro Scarlatti (well established in Rome long before Ottoboni’s 32 Aria Allegro 3:15 arrival), his son Domenico, and the Saxon G. F. Handel. * Mi palpita il cor remains close to Handel’s Italian Arcadian works even though it was written We know that some of these musicians met and learned from one another. in London after 1710. The cantata exists in four significantly different versions: hwv 132a Handel encountered Alessandro Scarlatti’s music while in Rome, gaining much is scored for soprano with continuo alone, hwv 132b for soprano with oboe and continuo, from his operatic style, and was engaged in a keyboard ‘duel’ with Domenico hwv 132c for alto with flute and continuo, and hwv 132d for alto with flute, oboe, and con- Scarlatti. Others may have sought out (or been sought by) Ottoboni from afar; tinuo. On this recording we perform hwv 132c, but follow the scoring in hwv 132d by using a flute for the first aria and an oboe for the second, thus creating a fifth version of this cantata. Albinoni dedicated his op. 1 trio sonatas of 1694 to Ottoboni, but it may have

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been a speculative gift on his part, rather than direct evidence of time spent in Ottoboni; for example, it was stipulated in the rules of one of Queen Christina of Rome. Sweden’s intellectual academies that every meeting end with the performance of While Ottoboni supported music-making of all kinds, he particularly favoured a vocal and an instrumental work. Ottoboni’s hosting of the influential Arcadian dramatic music, for which he often wrote the poetry; in 1705 he was credited Academy from 1690, founded for the purpose of purifying Italian dramatic with having written the texts for an ‘infinity of , oratorios, cantatas and poetry, undoubtedly facilitated the commissioning of cantatas. The works on other works’. His first , La Statira, was staged in 1690 in the specially this recording may well have been written for performance in one of Ottoboni’s reopened Teatro Tordinona, with music by academies, or for any of the Alessandro Scarlatti. But Ottoboni’s name appeared less formal conversazioni Cardinal Ottoboni’s on the libretto only pseudonymously, as ‘Crateo (or gatherings) hosted by vast music library was Pradelini’ (an anagram of ‘Cardinale Pietro’), since the various princes of the sold after his death. such literary pursuits were supposedly beneath the Church in Rome at this time; The “Manchester dignity of an aristocrat. He might also have wished Caldara, for instance, wrote 119.5 Concerto Part-books” to keep his authorship quiet for religious reasons; nearly 200 cantatas for Prince found their way into opera, in particular, was frequently condemned Ruspoli’s conversazioni over the hands of Charles for its licentiousness, and was subject to regular the period 1709–1716. Jennens, the librettist papal bans in Rome. Nevertheless, Ottoboni’s The cantatas chosen here for Handel’s Messiah. enthusiasm was so great that, even during the long display the genre’s range ban of 1698–1710, he ingeniously contrived ways of musical approaches at to continue performing dramatic music in private, the turn of the eighteenth whether staging oratorios or performing operas unstaged. century. Alessandro Scarlatti’s Another way in which frustrated music lovers could satisfy their desire for Clori vezzosa, e bella, like musical drama was through cantatas. The cantata was the most common secular the opening movement vocal genre in seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Italy, its modest scope of Handel’s Mi palpita il performable in almost any setting. By the turn of the century, it usually featured cor, is reminiscent of the a solo singer and comprised two recitative-aria pairs. Significant numbers of early seventeenth-century cantatas were produced for the private gatherings hosted by patrons such as cantata (and opera, for that

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matter) in its fluid transition between recitative and arioso/aria, facilitated by often quite adventurous, abounding with large or awkward leaps which illustrate its confinement to continuo-only accompaniment, and by the relative brevity the emotional turbulence of the poetry. of the arias. The dance derivation of Scarlatti’s second aria (a gigue) is also The topic (at least for the secular cantata) is almost always an aspect of love, typical of the seventeenth century. Handel’s Vedendo Amor and Albinoni’s the turmoil of which is made manifest in the contrasting moods of the singer’s Senza il core are similarly continuo-only cantatas, recitatives and arias. Caldara’s Clori, mia bella Clori is a representative example; but the role of the continuo part is considerably the stock pastoral characters (Clori also makes her appearance in Scarlatti’s According to Charles more developed than in the Scarlatti, assuming a cantata and in Handel’s Mi palpita il cor) are vehicles for universal sentiments, de Montesquieu, significant structural function through the use of and in this cantata’s first aria Caldara and his poet exploit the contrasting Cardinal Ottoboni sired ritornellos (clearly defined repeated instrumental sections of the da capo aria form to express the lover’s anguished choice between over sixty children themes) to articulate different sections in the aria. trusting his lover in his absence, and remaining with her to ensure her fidelity. and is said to have Handel also uses the continuo to good effect in the The lover’s eventual resolution to depart, but leave his heart behind, is typical of decorated his bedroom second aria of Vedendo Amor to characterise the the carefully worked poetic conceits of the genre. 119.5 with paintings of his stalking of the unfortunate lover. In Mi palpita il Emotional angst is a stock theme; we also see it in the rejected and suffering mistresses posing as cor, Handel expands the texture to allow the singer lovers in Albinoni’s and Handel’s pieces. But cantatas could also adopt a narrative saints. to engage in dialogue with a flute (supplemented stance, especially during the period when the Church banned opera in Rome. by an oboe on this recording). Caldara’s Clori, Handel’s Vedendo Amor has been extracted from a much longer cantata, Amore mia bella Clori features a fully fledged trio-sonata Uccellatore, hwv 176, which narrates the varied strategies deployed by Amore texture, with two imitative upper voices (flute and oboe) accompanying the (Cupid) to entrap the lover, through the (again common) analogy of a hunter in singer over a continuo part that now functions largely as harmonic support. pursuit of a bird. While the lover in Vedendo Amor is caught by Amore (through Caldara’s expansion of forces meant that, to open, he could also write a fully the agency of the woman, Eurilla), the longer narrative eventually sees him fledged operatic sinfonia. escape Amore’s clutches – but only because he is ‘no longer any good’, having In the latter years of the seventeenth century vocal parts became both more lost his ‘tail’ to Amore’s snares. In the absence of full-scale opera, such stories – conventional and more demanding; the exact musical repetition of the complete complete with ribald double entendre – clearly made for welcome entertainment. initial statement of the A section of aria text was a common device in this period, — Dr Suzanne Aspden as can be heard in Albinoni’s and Handel’s cantatas. But there is also more florid ornamentation and, characteristically for this period, Handel’s vocal parts are

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Friendly Rivals Domenico’s playing: ‘he thought ten-hundred devils had been at the instrument’. It is quite plausible that Domenico was regarded as a better harpsichordist than DomeniCo sCarlatti is often regarDeD as one of music’s great late developers. As Handel, despite losing to the Saxon in the organ part of the musical duel which with Beethoven, the story of a tyrannical father captures the public imagination; allegedly took place in 1708 or 1709 at one of the weekly conversazioni at Domenico could flourish only once freed from the clutches of Alessandro, Cardinal Ottoboni’s palace in Rome. Mutual respect there certainly was; Handel his esteemed but controlling patriarch, from whom he even sought legal ‘borrowed’ from Domenico’s Essercizi per gravicembalo in his 12 Concertos, independence, aged 31. Thus it is tempting to imagine that Domenico’s 555 or op. 6, of 1739, while later in life Domenico is reputed to have crossed himself in so undated keyboard sonatas were written in his later years, much like Rameau, veneration at the mere mention of the Lutheran’s name. who embarked on a successful operatic career only when approaching 50. So it seems likely that Domenico did at least improvise some keyboard pieces But this is to ignore Domenico’s youthful virtuosity at the harpsichord. in Italy before he left for the Iberian Peninsula aged 33 or 34. Although k 9 and Around 1710, Roseingrave was already attributing supernatural powers to k 30 form part of the 30 Essercizi published in London in 1739, might some of the collection derive from the composer’s 119.5 youth? Another version of k 9 exists, together with toccatas by Alessandro Scarlatti and Handel, Legend relates that in an eighteenth-century Italian manuscript at Domenico had a cat the University of Turin. k 9 is often referred to called Pulcinella who as a ‘Pastorale’, and its lilting melody evokes an wandered over his Italianate charm that perhaps attests to Domenico’s keyboard one day. The experiences as a singer and composer of vocal notes that came out are music. By contrast, k 30 seems like a youthful dig supposedly k 30’s fugal at the Teutonic fugal style and is nicknamed The theme. If so, the cat Cat’s Fugue. Described as ‘a magnificent tangle’ certainly had small paws! by Ralph Kirkpatrick (who was responsible for the classification of Domenico’s sonatas by k numbers), it is one of only five fugues by the Neapolitan. They stand out from most of Domenico’s keyboard sonatas by not falling into two repeated sections.

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JulianI like Perkins to speculate that The Cat’s Fugue is a parody of Handel’s contrapuntally opening rhythmic unit injects k 430 with excitement and panache. Both restrainedPhoto: Benjamin Capriccio, Harte and that the pieces – or versions thereof – featured at sections feature bombastic octaves or ‘foot stamps’ in the bass that answer the legendary keyboard duel.* Both works have ascending fugal subjects, are imploring 3rds and 6ths in the soprano register, while a delightful chromatic in G minor, and are harmonically conservative, the furthest thematic foray tussle between G-sharp and G-natural near the start of the second half gives being k 30’s incomplete entry in F minor. Whilst Handel’s subject is merely an exotic flourish and heightens the return to the home key. Handel would an octave arpeggio, The Cat’s thematic arpeggio surely have emulated the visceral quality of this theatrical dance. encompasses an octave and a 5th and is deviant since — Julian Perkins Curarum levamen the third and fifth notes are chromatically misplaced. – ‘Relief from k 30’s counterpoint is, as Dean Sutcliffe observes, Care’: Latin ‘intractable and rugged’. It is punctuated by two motto on the disproportionately long sequences, and culminates frontispiece of the with rising octave scales in the left hand that plunge 119.5 original Essercizi back downwards five times. Such ingenious mock- edition. counterpoint may be heard as acting in creative opposition to the contained two-part writing of Handel’s Toccata and Capriccio, to be soothed here only by k 9’s Arcadian bliss. k 430 also contrasts strongly with k 9. Vigorous, folksy rhythms impart a physicality that no doubt encouraged Tommasini to stage k 430 as a ‘pas de deux’ in his ballet Les Femmes de bonne humeur of 1916. The right hand’s

* I am very grateful to Dr W. Dean Sutcliffe for alerting me to Dr Graham Pont’s article, ‘Handel versus Domenico Scarlatti: Music of an Historic Encounter’ (Göttinger Händel- Beiträge, 1991, Volume 4, 232–247). Pont suggests that k 63 is a Scarlattian response to (or parody of) Handel’s Sonata in G major, hwv 579, possibly played in their famous keyboard duel. (This thesis is strengthened by the discovery of k 63 in the above-mentioned manuscript in Turin.) These pieces will feature in Conversazioni II. Julian Perkins

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Texts and Translations Clori, mia bella Clori ...... A. Caldara

2 Recitativo 5 Aria Clori, mia bella Clori, Clori, my beautiful Clori, Più bel piacere della speranza The heart does not find a finer pleasure e pur deggio partir, deggio lasciarti; I must depart, I must leave you; non trova il core nel suo partir. than hope when parting. ah, quante volte e quante, pensando ah, how many many times, when thinking Con questo solo s’appresta l’alma Only by this, the soul prepares itself for alla fatale tormentosa partenza, of the inevitable, tormenting farewell, la bella calma nel rio martir. tranquillity in evil suffering. credei lasciar pria di partir la vita. I thought of killing myself before leaving you. Sol mi dona alimento lusinghiera speranza Only flattering hope nourishes me 6 Recitativo che di tua fé costante and reassures my heart of your constant Così dubio e tremante, Thus doubtful and trembling, assicura il mio core in lontananza. faithfulness in separation. col pensiero incostante I battle ceaselessly combatto ogn’or. with inconstant thoughts. 119.5 3 Aria Ma, pur la vince il Fato, But Fate, cruel and pitiless, Un pensier mi dice al core: A thought tells my heart: che crudele e spietato still wins “Non partir da la tua bella “Do not leave your beloved il mio partir destina. in dictating my departure. perché forse un dì, rubella, because maybe one day, being unfaithful, Or mentre s’avvicina Now, whilst this powerful moment potrà farti sospirar.” she will cause you to sigh.” quel momento sì fiero, approaches Poi risponde il fido core: Then my faithful heart replies: che da te mi divide, that divides me from you, “Porta pur lontano il piede, “Take your feet far away, anima mia, lascia, deh! lascia pria my beloved, allow, ah! allow first che il candor della sua fede as the purity of her fidelity che possa dirti, oh Dio! oh God! that I say lungi ancor saprà serbar.” will still keep her faithful in separation.” col cor sui labri un amoroso addio. a loving farewell on your lips with my heart. 4 Recitativo 7 Aria Piango, sospiro, e dico al cor fedele: I cry, I sigh, and tell my faithful heart: Parto mio ben costante, I depart my steadfast beloved, ‘‘Non dubitar, cor mio, ‘‘Do not doubt, my heart, ma lascio il core amante but I leave my loving heart che Clori sarà tua fida seguace that Clori will be your faithful follower, a sospirar per me. sighing for me. perché la lontananza tornar puote al desio because distance can rekindle one’s desire Sì ti verrà d’intorno Thus it will haunt you quel ben che alletta, for that beloved who allures, dicendo notte e giorno: saying night and day: e quel pensier che piace.’’ and that thought which pleases.’’ ‘‘Pietà, pietà, mercè.’’ ‘‘Pity, pity, mercy.’’

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Senza il core del mio bene ...... T. G. Albinoni Clori vezzosa, e bella ...... A. Scarlatti

8 Aria 11 Recitativo Senza il core del mio bene Without the heart of my beloved Clori vezzosa e bella, Charming and beautiful Clori, il cor mio viver non sa. my heart cannot survive. di questo amante petto the only love, only joy, and only delight of this solo amor, sola gioia, e sol diletto. loving breast. Mille guai, tormenti e pene Her anger causes me to feel Per te quest’alma ancella si rese For you this soul has become a slave l’ira sua sentir mi fa. a thousand troubles, torments and pains. al nume infante, to the infant god, 9 Recitativo sempre nel suo desio ferma e costante. always steadfast and constant in its desire. Ah, Filli, in che t’offesi? Ah, Filli, how did I offend you? Per te vivo penando in fieri ardori, For you I live suffering in fierce passions, Dillo, cruda, Oh cruel one, say it mia bellissima Clori, e se nol’credi? my most beautiful Clori, and you don’t believe it? al cor mio che per te langue. to my heart which languishes for you. 12 Aria Ben chieggo all’alma mia l’alta cagione Justly I ask my soul the supreme reason Volgi lo sguardo, Turn your gaze, perché parlar non degni, why you do not deign to speak, e vedi pallido, e scolorito il mio sembiante. and see my pale and colourless face. 119.5 ma non trovo ragion perché ti sdegni, but I find no cause for your disdain, Sono i pallori miei My pallor is the ashes ché se il mio cor tu sei, meco, o Filli, because if you are my beloved, O Filli, ceneri di quel foco che strugge, of that fire which consumes, pietosa esser tu dei. you should be merciful to me. a poco a poco, il core amante. little by little, the lover’s heart. Troppo mal si conface It is not right che nei lacci d’amor due cori avvolti that two hearts intertwined by the bonds of love 13 Recitativo senza giusta cagion restin disciolti. should be torn asunder without just cause. Vivo penando è ver; I live in pain, it is true; ma son contento dell’istesso tormento, but I am content with this same suffering, 10 Aria perché se penso che tu sola sei cagion for if I think that you are the sole cause Pace rendi all’alma mia, Give peace to my soul, di tanti affanni miei, of all my many troubles, cara gioia e mio piacer. my sweet joy and delight. diventa mio gioire la pena ed il martire, my pain and martyrdom become my joy, Sia fierezza o gelosia, Whether it is pride or jealousy, e più penar vorrei and I wish to suffer further mi tormenta il tuo tacer. your silence is tormenting me. per palesarti più gl’affetti miei. to show you my feelings more. 14 Aria Si, mio ben, si si Yes, my beloved, yes yes ancor vorrei per te più pene al core. I wish even more pains to my heart from you. Pietosa al mio dolore forse diresti un dì: Perhaps one day, pitiful to my sorrow, you will say: ‘‘Chi vide maggior fé più fido amore?’’ ‘‘Who ever saw greater fidelity, a truer love?’’

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Vedendo Amor ...... G. F. Handel

18 Recitativo 21 Aria Vedendo Amor che per me tesse invano Love, seeing that he had vainly woven Camminando lei pian piano, Treading very softly, aveva le sue reti, his nets for me, col frugnolo acceso in mano, with the lit lantern in her hand, e che, fuggito a caso di sua mano, and that, having escaped because of him, finalmente mi scuoprì. she finally found me. passava i giorni miei contenti e lieti, I was passing my days contented and happy. Disse allor: ‘‘Il semplicetto Then she said: ‘‘The simpleton tanto dretto mi stette He chased me so much su quel picciolo rametto egli dorme, is sleeping on that little branch, che suo schiavo mi rese, that he enslaved me, vello lì.’’ just look at him.’’ e, quando nol pensavo, and, when I least expected it, al fin mi prese. he finally caught me. 22 Recitativo Caricò, scaricò subito Amore, Love suddenly loaded and fired, 19 Aria e dove appunto il colpo avea diretto and exactly where he aimed his shot In un folto bosco ombroso I was taking a sweet rest mi colpì sotto il petto. he hit me under my breast. 119.5 io prendea dolce riposo, in a dense, shady wood, In terra io caddi allora, Then I fell to the ground, una notte fredda e scura. on a cold and dark night. più per timor smarrito che per esser ferito. more from fear than having been wounded. A un tempo così strano During such a strange time Cercai di liberarmi e da loro salvarmi; I tried to free and save myself from them; io credea Amor lontano, I believed Love was far away, ma sì presto ebbi addosso, e lui, e lei, but I had both him and her over me so quickly, ma la mia libertà non fu sicura. but my freedom was not secure. che fuggir non potei. that I could not flee. 20 Recitativo 23 Aria In quel bosco sen venne cheto, Into that wood he quietly came, Rise Eurilla, rise Amore, Eurilla laughed, Love laughed, e acciò nol conoscessi and so that I did not recognize him che di già mio vincitore that my conqueror already mutò l’arco in balestra, he changed his bow into a sling, mi teniva in servitù. held me in servitude. in sporta la faretra ove teneva, his quiver into a basket where he was holding, Ed io, misero, non spero, And I, wretched, do not hope, invece di saette, instead of arrows, or ch’io son lor prigioniero, now that I am their prisoner, più picciole pallette di terra assai tenace; many little pellets of very hard clay; di goder pace mai più. to enjoy peace ever again. e d’Imeneo la face accese in un frugnolo. and Hymen’s torch he lit in a lantern. Egli non era solo: Eurilla aveva seco He was not alone: he had Eurilla with him 24 Recitativo che lui guidava in apparenza cieco. who guided him, as he seemed blind. Fra tanto sono in gabbia Meanwhile I am encaged, dove la notte e giorno io canto per amor, where night and day I sing for love, ma più per rabbia. but more out of fury.

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Mi palpita il cor ...... G. F. Handel

27 Recitativo 31 Recitativo Mi palpita il cor né intendo perché. My heart throbs, but I don’t know why. Clori, di te mi lagno, Clori, I complain about you, e di te, o Nume, and also about you, oh God, 28 Arioso figlio di Citerea,* ch’il cor feristi son of Cytherea. You, who have wounded my heart Agitata è l’alma mia né so cos’è. My soul is agitated, but I don’t know what it is. per una che non sa che cosa è amore. for one who does not know what love is. 29 Recitativo Ma se d’egual saetta a lei feristi il core, Yet should you strike her heart with that same arrow, Tormento e gelosia, Torment and jealousy, più lagnarmi non voglio: then I shall complain no more: sdegno, affanno e dolore, disdain, pain and sorrow, e riverente innanzi al simulacro tuo and kneeling reverently in front of your image da me che pretendete? what are you demanding of me? prostrato a terra, umil, on the ground, humbly, Se mi volete amante, amante son; If you want me to be a lover, I am a lover; devoto adorerò quel Dio I will devotedly worship that God ma, oh Dio! non m’uccidete, but, oh God! do not kill me, che fe contento e pago il mio desio. who fulfilled my desire with joy. ch’il cor fra tante pene as my heart in such pains 119.5 32 più soffrire non può le sue catene. cannot bear its chains any longer. Aria Se un dì m’adora la mia crudele, If one day my cruel beloved loves me, 30 Aria contento allora il cor sarà. then my heart will be happy. Ho tanti affanni in petto I have so many pains in my heart, Che sia dolore, che sia tormento, My soul will never again know che, qual sia il più tiranno, that which of them is the worst, questo mio seno più non saprà. either pain or torment. io dir nol so. I cannot say. So ben che do ricetto I know well that in me dwells — Translation: Emma Abbate a un aspro e crudo affanno, a bitter and cruel pain, *Citerea is a poetic name for Aphrodite, the mother of Cupid. e che morendo vò. and that I will die. The librettists of all the above remain unknown.

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Julian Perkins cherishes the variety of his career. In addition to directing Sounds Baroque, Julian gives recitals, has made solo recordings of works by Stephen SoundS Baroque Celebrates the passion, theatricality, and sheer variety of music Dodgson, Handel, and James Nares, and performs with many of the UK’s leading from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Comprising singers and period period instrument ensembles such as the Academy of Ancient Music, The English instrumentalists who are active both as soloists and chamber musicians, Sounds Concert, Gabrieli Consort & Players, New London Consort, and The Sixteen. Baroque devises varied programmes that range from the despair of unrequited Opera projects have included performances and recordings with the Orchestra love in an operatic cantata to the unbridled virtuosity of an Italianate concerto. of the Age of Enlightenment at the , Covent Garden, and Formerly known as Dramma per Musica, Sounds Baroque is based in London as a conductor for and has broadcast on BBC Radio 3, performed at international festivals in organizations including Cheltenham, London, Tel Aviv, and York, and for music societies throughout the Buxton Festival, New the UK. They have given world premières of works by Paul Ayres and Stephen Chamber Opera, and Dodgson, and often stage educational projects in conjunction with performances. New Kent Opera. Singing 119.5 This recording is the first in a series that primarily explores the wealth of vocal continues to inspire Julian, and instrumental music that may have been conceived for artistic gatherings – or for whom touring in the conversazioni – in Rome. www .soundsbaroque .com Monteverdi Choir was Andrew Radley read Music and was a choral scholar at Clare College, a formative experience. Cambridge, before winning a scholarship to continue his vocal studies at the Royal Julian also benefited Academy of Music and the Paris Conservatoire (CNSMDP). Since graduating in greatly from his studies 2004, he has established a successful and wide-ranging career working with such in Cambridge, Basle, and eminent conductors as Laurence Cummings, Christian Curnyn, Paul Goodwin, London, and has been Emmanuelle Haïm, René Jacobs, Nicholas McGegan, and Lars Ulrik Mortensen. elected an Associate of A specialist in the operatic works of Handel and his contemporaries, his the Royal Academy of numerous engagements have included productions at the Glyndebourne Festival Music in recognition of Opera, Opera North, Royal Danish Theatre, Scottish Opera, Staatsoper Berlin, his standing in the music and at international festivals in Aix-en-Provence, Göttingen, and Innsbruck. profession. www .andrewradley .com www .julianperkins .com

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Einladung zu einer Conversazione ein „Duell“ der Tasteninstrumente. Andere suchten möglicherweise von fern Kontakt mit Ottoboni (oder wurden von ihm angesprochen). Albinoni widmete im späten 17. JahrhunDert führten für einen ehrgeizigen Musiker tatsächlich alle Ottoboni 1694 seine Triosonaten op. 1. Das mag jedoch ein berechnendes Wege nach Rom. Mit Künstlermäzenatentum wetteiferten dort wohlhabende Geschenk seinerseits gewesen sein und weniger ein eindeutiger Beweis für einen Priester mit aristokratischem Hintergrund sowie katholischer Adel aus ganz Aufenthalt in Rom. Europa um kulturellen Status. Zum Beispiel herrschte der junge Pietro Ottoboni Ottoboni unterstützte alle Formen des Musizierens. Besonders aber liebte (1667–1740) von 1689 an unangefochten unter den er szenische Musik, für die er häufig den Text verfasste. 1705 behauptete man Pietro Metastasio, Mäzenen der Musik. Durch seine Beförderung zum von ihm, er habe die Texte für eine „Unzahl von Opern, Oratorien, Kantaten dessen Libretti von Kardinal beim Aufstieg seines Großonkels zum Papst und anderen Werken“ geschrieben. Seine erste Oper, La Statira, mit Musik von vielen Komponisten Alexander VII. verfügte der 22-jährige Venezianer Alessandro Scarlatti, wurde 1690 in dem speziell dazu neu eröffneten Teatro über Zeit und Geld, um seine Neigung für Musik einschließlich Gluck, Tordinona inszeniert. Im Libretto erschien Ottobonis Name allerdings nur als zu frönen, und frönen ist das rechte Wort! Obwohl Händel, Hasse, Mozart Pseudonym „Crateo Pradelini“ (ein Anagramm von „Cardinale Pietro“), da sich 119.5 sein Jahreseinkommen 50.000 Scudi überschritt – und Alessandro solche literarischen Betätigungen für einen Aristokraten angeblich nicht schickten. eine fürstliche Summe – war er angeblich ständig Scarlatti vertont Vielleicht wollte Ottoboni auch aus religiösen Gründen seine Urheberschaft nicht verschuldet, so „fanatisch“ (laut Charles de Brosses) offenbaren: Besonders die Oper wurde häufig als unmoralisch verurteilt und wurden, war Kardinal war seine Jagd nach musikalischem Vergnügen. in Rom regelmäßig mit Bann belegt. Trotzdem war Ottobonis Begeisterung so Ottobonis Patensohn. Ottobonis Freigiebigkeit zog aus allen italienischen groß, dass er selbst während des langen Banns Ländern und darüber hinaus viele hervorragende von 1698-1710 erfinderisch Wege fand, seine Musiker an, die für Gottesdienste und andere Veranstaltungen, wie z. B. die szenische Musik privat weiterhin aufzuführen, Laut Charles de wöchentliche „Musikakademie“, komponierten und dort auftraten. Zu diesen indem er entweder Oratorien inszenierte oder Montesquieu zeugte Musikern gehörten die ebenfalls wie Ottoboni aus Venedig stammenden Musiker Opern konzertant gab. Kardinal Ottoboni Caldara und Albinoni, der aus Palermo kommende Alessandro Scarlatti (der Eine andere Lösung, mit der frustrierte über sechzig Kinder, sich in Rom schon lange vor Ottobonis Ankunft gut etabliert hatte), sein Sohn Musikliebhaber ihren Wunsch nach und man sagt, er habe Domenico sowie der Sachse G. F. Händel. Musiktheater befriedigen konnten, lieferten sein Schlafzimmer mit Wir wissen, dass sich einige von diesen Musikern trafen und voneinander die Kantaten. Die Kantate war die bekannteste Gemälden seiner als Heilige lernten. Händel hörte Alessandro Scarlattis Musik bei seinem Aufenthalt in Rom weltliche Vokalgattung im Italien des 17. und posierenden Geliebten und lernte viel von dessen Opernstil, und mit Domenico Scarlatti lieferte er sich frühen 18. Jahrhunderts. Ihre bescheidenen geschmückt.

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Anforderungen gestatteten Aufführungen unter fast allen Umständen. Um zwischen Rezitativ und Arioso/Arie, der durch die Beschränkung auf eine reine die Jahrhundertwende war die Kantate gewöhnlich für einen Gesangssolisten Generalbassbegleitung ermöglicht wurde, an die Kantate (und eigentlich auch und bestand aus zwei Teilen mit jeweils einem Rezitativ und einer Arie. Eine an die Oper) des frühen 17. Jahrhunderts. Auch die Verwendung eines Tanzes bedeutende Anzahl von Kantaten entstand für private Veranstaltungen bei (eine Gigue) in Scarlattis zweiter Arie ist für das 17. Jahrhundert typisch. Händels solchen Gönnern wie zum Beispiel Ottoboni. In der Satzung einer intellektuellen Vedendo Amor und Albinonis Senza il core sind ähnliche Kantaten mit reiner Akademie der Königin Christina von Generalbassbegleitung, aber der Basso continuo spielt hier eine deutlich stärker Schweden wurde vorgeschrieben, jede entwickelte Rolle als bei Scarlatti. Er übernimmt durch den Einsatz von Ritornelli Die riesige Musikbibliothek Versammlung mit der Aufführung eines (deutlich abgegrenzte, wiederholte instrumentale Themen) eine wichtige des Kardinals Ottoboni Vokal- und eines Instrumentalwerkes zu strukturelle Funktion, indem er unterschiedliche Abschnitte in der Arie artikuliert. wurde nach seinem Tod beenden. Die von Ottoboni seit 1690 Händel setzt den Generalbass auch in der zweiten Arie von Vedendo Amor wirksam verkauft. Die „Manchester veranstaltete einflussreiche Accademia ein, um das Anschleichen des unglücklich Liebenden darzustellen. In Mi palpita il Concerto-Stimmbücher“ dell’Arcadia, die zur Reinigung italienischer cor erweitert Händel den Stimmsatz, wodurch der Gesangssolist in einen Dialog 119.5 fanden ihren Weg in die Dichtung gegründet worden war, förderte mit einer Flöte treten kann (in dieser Aufnahme um eine Oboe ergänzt). Caldaras Hände von Charles Jennens, zweifellos die Auftragsvergabe von Kantaten. Clori, mia bella Clori weist eine voll ausgeprägte Triosonatentextur auf, wo über Librettist für Händels Messiah Die Werke auf der hier vorliegenden einer jetzt hauptsächlich als harmonische Stütze dienende Generalbassstimme [Messias]. Einspielung können wohl für Aufführung zwei imitierende Oberstimmen (Flöte und Oboe) den Gesangssolisten begleiten. in einer Akademie Ottobonis komponiert Durch die Erweiterung der Ensembleaufstellung konnte Caldara zur Einleitung worden sein bzw. für eine der weniger auch eine voll ausgewachsene Opernsinfonia komponieren. formellen Conversazioni (oder Zusammenkünften), die von den verschiedenen In den letzten Jahren des 17. Jahrhunderts wurden die Gesangsstimmen sowohl Kirchenfürsten in Rom zu jener Zeit abgehalten wurden. Zum Beispiel schrieb konventioneller als auch schwieriger. In dieser Zeit war die getreue musikalische Caldara im Zeitraum 1709-1716 fast 200 Kantaten für die Conversazioni des Wiederholung der gesamten ersten Phrase eines Arientextes aus dem A-Teil weit Fürsten Ruspoli. verbreitet, wie man das in Albinonis und Händels Kantaten hören kann. Es finden Die hier ausgewählten Kantaten demonstrieren die Vielfalt der musikalischen sich aber auch blumigere Verzierungen. Zudem sind Händels Gesangsstimmen Ansätze innerhalb der Gattung beim Übergang zum 18. Jahrhundert. Wie auch dem Zeitgeist entsprechend häufig auch ziemlich abenteuerlich: reich an großen der einleitende Satz aus Händels Mi palpita il cor erinnert Alessandro Scarlattis oder unbequemen Sprüngen, die den emotionalen Aufruhr der Dichtung Clori vezzosa, e bella mit ihren relativ kurzen Arien und dem fließenden Übergang illustrieren.

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Das Thema (zumindest für die weltlichen Kantaten) ist fast immer ein Freundliche Rivalen Aspekt der Liebe, deren Wirrsal sich in den kontrastierenden Stimmungen der gesungenen Rezitative und Arien manifestiert. Caldaras Clori, mia bella Clori ist DomeniCo sCarlatti wirD häufig als einer der großartigen Spätzünder der ein repräsentatives Beispiel. Die vertrauten pastoralen Figuren (Clori taucht auch Musikgeschichte betrachtet. Wie bei Beethoven entfacht die Geschichte vom in Scarlattis Kantaten und Händels Mi palpita il cor auf) sind Repräsentanten tyrannischen Vater die Fantasie der Öffentlichkeit: Domenico habe sich erst entfalten allgemeinmenschlicher Gefühle. In der ersten Arie dieser Kantate nutzen Caldara können, als er den Ketten seines prominenten aber kontrollierenden Patriarchen und sein Librettist die kontrastierenden Abschnitte der Dacapoarienform, um Alessandros entkam (von dem sich Domenico im Alter von 31 sogar notariell die Qual des Liebenden ausdrücken, der sich entscheiden muss, ob er seiner selbstständig erklärte). Man erliegt deshalb leicht der Versuchung zu glauben, Geliebten in seiner Abwesenheit vertraut oder zur Sicherung ihrer Treue bei ihr Domenico komponierte seine ca. 555 undatierten Sonaten für Tasteninstrumente bleibt. Die endgültige Entscheidung des Liebenden für den Abschied, bei dem er in seinen reifen Lebensjahren, vergleichbar mit Rameau, der eine erfolgreiche jedoch sein Herz zurücklässt, ist für die sorgfältig ausgeklügelten Konzetti der Opernkarriere erst mit dem herannahenden 50. Geburtstag begann. Gattung typisch. Doch das übersieht Domenicos jugendliche Virtuosität am Cembalo. Schon gegen 119.5 Emotionale Furcht gehört zu den Standardthemen. Das sieht man auch bei den 1710 glaubte Roseingrave in Domenicos Spiel übernatürliche Kräfte zu erkennen: abgewiesenen und leidenden Liebenden in den Stücken von Albinoni und Händel. „als ob zehn Mal Hundert Teufel gesessen wären“. Es ist ziemlich wahrscheinlich, Kantaten konnten aber auch einen erzählenden Ton annehmen, besonders in der dass man Domenico für einen besseren Cembalisten als Händel hielt, obwohl jener Zeit, als die Kirche die Oper in Rom verbot. Händels Vedendo Amor wurde aus gegen den Sachsen im Orgelspiel bei jenem musikalischen Duell verlor, das angeblich 1708 oder 1709 bei einem der wöchentlichen Conversazioni im römischen Palazzo einer viel längeren Kantate, Amore Uccellatore hwv 176, herausgezogen. Dort wird mithilfe der (wiederum gebräuchlichen) Analogie eines Weidmannes, der des Kardinals Ottoboni stattgefunden haben einen Vogel jagt, von den diversen Strategien Amors (Cupido) erzählt, mit denen soll. Sicherlich herrschte gegenseitiger Respekt. Der Erzählung nach hatte jener die Liebenden verführt. Während der Liebende in Vedendo Amor von Händel „borgte“ in seinen 12 Concerti grossi Domenico eine Katze Amor gefangen wird (mit Beihilfe des Weibes Eurilla), gelingt ihm in der längeren op. 6 von 1739 aus Domenicos Essercizi per namens Pulcinella, die eines erzählenden Kantate letztlich die Flucht aus Amors Schlingen – doch nur, weil gravicembalo, während man sich von Domenico Tages über seine Tastatur er „zu nichts mehr taugt“, nachdem er seinen „Schwanz“ in Amores Fallen erzählt, er habe sich in seinem späteren Leben lief. Die dabei resultierenden lassen musste. In Ermangelung richtiger Opern lieferten solche Geschichten – bei der bloßen Erwähnung des Namens des Noten bilden angeblich das einschließlich deftiger Zweideutigkeiten – offenbar willkommene Unterhaltung. Lutheraners bekreuzigt. Fugenthema von k 30. Wenn Vermutlich hat Domenico also in Italien vor das stimmt, hatte die Katze — Dr. Suzanne Aspden seiner Abreise zur iberischen Halbinsel (im Alter unbedingt kleine Pfötchen!

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von 33 oder 34 Jahren) einige Stücke für Tasteninstrument geschaffen oder zumindest aufsteigende Fugenthemen, stehen in g-Moll und sind harmonisch konservativ, wobei improvisiert. k 9 und k 30 bilden zwar Teil der 30 in London 1739 veröffentlichten der unvollständige Einsatz in f-Moll in k 30 den gewagtesten thematischen Vorstoß Essercizi. Kann es jedoch sein, dass einige Stücke daraus aus der Jugend des darstellt. Während sich Händels Thema als Arpeggio über eine Oktave wagt, erstreckt Komponisten stammen? Es gibt eine andere Fassung von k 9, die in einem Manuskript sich das thematische Arpeggio der Katzenfuge über eine Duodezime und weicht mit aus dem 18. Jahrhundert in der Universität Turin neben Toccaten von Alessandro seinen chromatisch fehlplatzierten dritten und fünften Noten von der Norm ab. Der Scarlatti und Händel stehen. Man hat k 9 mehrfach als eine „Pastorale“ bezeichnet, Kontrapunkt von k 30 erweist sich, wie Dean Sutcliffe bemerkte, als „undurchdringlich ihre wiegende Melodie weist einen italienischen Charme und zäh“. k 30 wird von zwei unverhältnismäßig langen Abschnitten unterbrochen Curarum levamen – auf, der möglicherweise von Domenicos Erfahrungen und kulminiert in aufsteigenden Tonleiterläufen in der linken Hand über eine Oktave, „Sorgenbrecher“: als Sänger und Komponist von Vokalmusik zeugt. Im die fünf Mal zurück in die Tiefe stürzen. Solch einfallsreicher Pseudokontrapunkt Lateinisches Motto Gegensatz dazu wirkt k 30 wie eine jugendliche Persiflage lässt sich als kreative Antwort auf die zurückhaltende Zweistimmigkeit in Händels auf dem Titelblatt des teutonischen Fugenstils und trägt den Spitznamen Die Toccata und Capriccio interpretieren und findet hier nur Ausgleich im arkadischen 119.5 der Originalausgabe Katzenfuge. Diese Sonate wurde von Ralph Kirkpatrick Genuss von k 9. der Essercizi. (der für die Katalogisierung von Domenicos Sonaten Auch k 430 unterscheidet sich stark von k 9. Lebhafte, volksmusikähnliche mit K-Nummern verantwortlich war) als ein „prächtiges Rhythmen strahlen eine physische Präsenz aus, die zweifellos der Grund war, Knäuel“ bezeichnet und zählt zu den nur fünf Fugen des warum Tommasini 1916 k 430 als ein „Pas de deux“ in seinem Ballett Les Femmes Neapolitaners. Sie unterscheiden sich von den meisten Sonaten des Komponisten für de bonne humeur choreografierte. Das einleitende rhythmische Motiv der rechten Tasteninstrumente, weil sie sich nicht in zwei wiederholte Abschnitte untergliedern. Hand verleiht k 430 Schwung und Elan. Beide Abschnitte enthalten bombastische Ich möchte die Vermutung wagen, dass die Katzenfuge eine Parodie auf Händels Oktaven oder „Beats“ im Bass, die auf flehende Terzen und Sexten im Sopranregister kontrapunktisch zurückhaltendes Capriccio ist und die Stücke – oder deren antworten, während ein reizendes chromatisches Gerangel zwischen Gis und G kurz Fassungen – bei dem legendären Tastenduell gespielt wurden.* Beide Werke haben nach dem Beginn der zweiten Hälfte eine exotische Aufwallung verursacht und die Rückkehr zur Grundtonart hervorhebt. Händel hätte sicher die viszerale Qualität * Ich bin Dr. W. Dean Sutcliffe sehr dankbar für den Hinweis auf Dr. Graham Ponts Artikel dieses theatralischen Tanzes nachgeeifert. „Handel versus Domenico Scarlatti: Music of an Historic Encounter“ [Händel versus Domenico Scarlatti: Musik einer historischen Begegnung] (Göttinger Händel-Beiträge, — Julian Perkins 1991, Band 4, 232–247). Pont meint, k 63 sei eine Antwort (oder Parodie) Scarlattis auf Händels Sonate in G-Dur hwv 579, das womöglich bei dem berühmten Tastenduell gespielt wurde. (Diese Hypothese wird durch die Entdeckung von k 63 in dem oben erwähnten Manuskript in Turin bestätigt.) Diese Stücke werden in Conversazioni II vorgestellt.

120.5 PLEASE NOTE THIS TEMPLATE HAS BEEN CREATED USING SPECIFIC CO-ORDINATES REQUIRED FOR PLEASE NOTE THIS TEMPLATE HAS BEEN CREATED USING SPECIFIC CO-ORDINATES REQUIRED FOR COMPUTER TO PLATE IMAGING AND IS NOT TO BE ALTERED, MOVED OR THE DOCUMENT SIZE CHANGED. COMPUTER TO PLATE IMAGING AND IS NOT TO BE ALTERED, MOVED OR THE DOCUMENT SIZE CHANGED. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES. BLEED ALLOWANCE OF 3MM ON TRIMMED EDGES ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES. BLEED ALLOWANCE OF 3MM ON TRIMMED EDGES Key: CTP Template: CD_1PD2 CTP Template: CD_1PD2 COLOURS No text area Compact Disc Booklet: Single Facing Page Compact Disc Booklet: Single Facing Page CYAN MAGENTA Customer Customer YELLOW Bleed Catalogue No. Catalogue No. BLACK Trim Job Title Page No. BC32 Job Title Page No. 133 Fold

Conservatoire (CNSMDP) ein Aufbaustudium im Fach Gesang absolvierte. Seit seinem Studienabschluss 2004 verfolgt er eine erfolgreiche und breit SoundS Baroque möChte Die leiDensChaft, Theatralität und schiere Vielfalt der gefächerte Karriere, wo er unter anderem mit solchen eminenten Dirigenten Musik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts vermitteln. Die SängerInnen und InterpretInnen wie Laurence Cummings, Christian Curnyn, Paul Goodwin, Emmanuelle Haïm, von Sounds Baroque spezialisieren sich auf Alte Musik und treten sowohl als René Jacobs, Nicholas McGegan und Lars Ulrik Mortensen zusammenarbeitet. Solisten wie auch im Ensemble auf. Die Spannbreite ihrer abwechslungsreichen Andrew Radley spezialisiert sich auf die Opernwerke Händels und dessen Programme erstreckt sich von der Verzweiflung unerwiderter Liebe in einer Zeitgenossen. Zu Andrew Radleys zahlreichen Engagements gehören opernhaften Kantate bis zur zügellosen Virtuosität eines italienischen Concerto. Inszenierungen an der Glyndebourne Festival Opera und Opera North, am Sounds Baroque hat seinen Sitz in London und war früher unter der Kongelige Teater in Dänemark, der Scottish Opera, Berliner Staatsoper und Bezeichnung Dramma per Musica bekannt. Der britische Radiosender BBC Radio bei internationalen Festivals in Aix-en-Provence, Göttingen und Innsbruck. 3 sendete Aufnahmen mit dem Ensemble, das auch bei internationalen Festivals in www andrewradley. com. Cheltenham, London, Tel Aviv und New York sowie 119.5 für Musikvereine in ganz Großbritannien spielte. Die Julian Perkins liebt die Vielfalt seiner Arbeit. Neben der Leitung von Sounds Musiker gaben die Welturaufführungen von Werken Baroque gibt Julian Perkins auch Solokonzerte. Er kann auf eine Solo-CD mit Paul Ayres und Stephen Dodgsons und führte szenische Werken von Stephen Dogson, Händel und James Nares verweisen und tritt mit Bildungsprojekte in Verbindung mit den Aufführungen zahlreichen führenden britischen Ensembles Alter Musik wie zum Beispiel der durch. Die hier vorliegende Einspielung ist die Academy of Ancient Music, dem English Concert, dem Gabrieli Consort & Players, erste CD in einer Reihe, die sich vornehmlich dem dem New London Consort und The Sixteen auf. Zu seinen Opernprojekten Reichtum vokaler und instrumentaler Musik widmet, gehörten Aufführungen und Einspielungen mit dem Orchestra of the Age of die womöglich für künstlerische Zusammenkünfte Enlightenment am Royal Opera House/ Covent Garden und als Dirigent unter – oder Conversazione – in Rom geschaffen wurde. anderem beim Buxton Festival, der New Chamber Opera und New Kent Opera. www soundsbaroque. com. Das Singen inspiriert Julian Perkins auch weiterhin, für den die Konzertreisen mit dem Monteverdi Choir eine prägende Erfahrung war. Julian Perkins lernte Andrew Radley studierte Musik und war auch viel von seinen Studien in Cambridge, Basel und London und wurde in Chorstipendiat am Clare College, Cambridge, Anerkennung seines Rangs in der Musiksparte zum Associate der Royal Academy of worauf er dank eines Stipendiums an der Royal Music [Absolvent, der einen bedeutenden Beitrag zur Musik geleistet hat] ernannt. Academy of Music, London und am Pariser www julianperkins. com. Andrew Radley

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we are extremely grateful to the following organisations and individuals for supporting Images and Photographs this recording: Cover: Detail from The Rape of Proserpina, 1621–1622, Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598– Arimathea Charitable Trust 1680). Courtesy of Corbis. Trust Lionel Anthony Charitable Trust Inner inlay: Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni (1667–1740), c1700 (oil on canvas), Francesco Vox Musica Trust Trevisani (1656–1746), © The Bowes Museum, Barnard Castle, County Durham, UK / Syd Neville. Conversazioni Circle CD back and inside front cover: photographs of Sounds Baroque at Stone House, Lewisham, Anonymous Dr Hugh & Diana Perkins London, 2010, © Benjamin Harte. www.benjaminharte.co.uk Lionel & Marylyn Anthony Jane Reed First page of the autograph manuscript of Handel’s Mi palpita il cor, hwv 132c. R.M. 20.g.8, Dr Michael & Katherine Berman Marilyn Stock fol. 1. Reproduced with the permission of the British Library Board. All rights reserved. Peter Collett Simon & Glenys Weil Palazzo della Cancelleria, 1747 (engraving), Giuseppe Vasi (1710–1782). Home to Cardinal Alan Gibb Hugh & Penny Whitfield Pietro Ottoboni, at which he presided over his celebrated series of conversazioni. Caroline Havers Tony Wingate Photographs of Julian Perkins and Andrew Radley (both separately and together) at Stone 119.5 In addition to those listed, we would like to thank Emma Abbate, Noelle Barker OBE, House, Lewisham, London, 2010, © Benjamin Harte. www.benjaminharte.co.uk David Beavan, Dr Rosemary Bechler, Dr Nicolas Bell, William Carslake, Carole Cerasi, Instruments Jane Clark, Simon Foster, John & Lyndall Hacker, Jonathan & Yvonne Horsfall Turner, ~ Harpsichords Dr Olivia Horsfall Turner, Dr Andrew Jones, Melanne Mueller, Stephen Pettitt, Mark 1. Tracks 1–7 and 17–32: Single-manual Italian harpsichord made by Mark Ransom and Ransom, Alastair Ross, Oliver Sändig, Dr W. Dean Sutcliffe, Arturo Viola, Judith Wardman, Claire Hammett, London, 1991, after Carlo Grimaldi, Messina, c1700. and many others who have made this project possible. 2. Tracks 8–16: Single-manual Italian harpsichord made by Mark Ransom and Claire — Julian Perkins Hammett, London, 1995, after Italian instruments of c1600. ~ Baroque lutes Recorded in St Jude’s Church, Hampstead, London. 8–10 December, 2009. 1. Tracks 1–7 and 27–32: 13-course swan-neck Baroque lute by Andrew Rutherford, New Produced and engineered by Adrian Hunter. York, 2004, after Leopold Widhalm, Nürnberg, 1755. German Translations: Elke Hockings 2. Tracks 18–24: 13-course Baroque lute by Andrew Rutherford, New York, 1997, after Design and art direction: Stephen Kruse Sebastian Schelle, Nürnberg, 1727. Harpsichords prepared and tuned in Young 2 temperament by Mark Ransom and Oliver ~ Baroque cello made by John Johnson, London, c1760. Sändig of The Harpsichord Workshop, London. www.harpsichord-workshop.co.uk ~ Baroque oboe made by Joel Raymond, London, 2009, after Thomas Stanesby senior, London, c1720. ~ Baroque flute made by Rudolf Tutz, Innsbruck, 2005, after Jean Hyacinthe Rottenburgh, Brussels, c1740.

120.5 PLEASE NOTE THIS TEMPLATE HAS BEEN CREATED USING SPECIFIC CO-ORDINATES REQUIRED FOR PLEASE NOTE THIS TEMPLATE HAS BEEN CREATED USING SPECIFIC CO-ORDINATES REQUIRED FOR COMPUTER TO PLATE IMAGING AND IS NOT TO BE ALTERED, MOVED OR THE DOCUMENT SIZE CHANGED. COMPUTER TO PLATE IMAGING AND IS NOT TO BE ALTERED, MOVED OR THE DOCUMENT SIZE CHANGED. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES. BLEED ALLOWANCE OF 3MM ON TRIMMED EDGES ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES. BLEED ALLOWANCE OF 3MM ON TRIMMED EDGES 151

6.5 138 6.5 AV2197 Conversazioni I Cantatas from a Cardinal’s Court

C

1 – 7 Clori, mia bella Clori Antonio Caldara 19:03 onversazioni 8 – 10 Senza il core del mio bene Tomaso Giovanni Albinoni 7:53

Julian Perkins Julian Perkins 11 – 14 Clori vezzosa, e bella Alessandro Scarlatti 7:11 ~

15 Toccata, hwv 586 George Frideric Handel 1:20 16 Capriccio, hwv 483 George Frideric Handel 1:56 I

17 Sonata, k 30 Domenico Scarlatti 4:28

~ 18 – 24 Vedendo Amor, hwv 175 George Frideric Handel 13:49 Sounds Baroque 25 Sonata, k 9 Domenico Scarlatti 4:05 118 26 Sonata, k 430 Domenico Scarlatti 3:21

Sounds Baroque 27 – 32 Mi palpita il cor, hwv 132c George Frideric Handel 12:47 ~

I Andrew Radley countertenor

Julian Perkins harpsichord and director ~

AV2197 Total Playing Time 76:37 Julian Perkins MANUFACTURED AND PRINTED IN THE UK 2011 Julian Perkins

onversazioni © 2011 Julian Perkins C www.julianperkins.com Booklet enclosed 8 2225221972 2 Marketed by Avie Records Mit deutscher Textbeilage www.avierecords.com LC 11982 D D D AV2197